Science Test Review Answer Key

You will have a Science test on Friday, November 8th. You will need to know everything on this review. 1) Label a diagram of the digestive system.

teeth (or mouth) tongue esophagus

stomach small intestine large intestine rectum anus

2) Use the words in the word bank to explain how the digestive system works. Word Bank Mandatory Words Anus Bolus Chyme Esophagus Mouth Small Intestine Villi Optional Words That You May Want Epiglottis Peristalsis Salivary Gland Sphincter Stomach Gastric Juice Rectum Teeth

Large Intestine (Colon) Saliva Tongue

Food goes into your mouth. Your teeth break the food into smaller pieces and your tongue pushes the food between your teeth. Chewing mixes the food with saliva which starts the digestion process. The food is turned into a bolus and goes down the esophagus. It then goes into the stomach where it is mixed with gastric juice and turned into a liquid called chyme. Next, this liquid goes into the small intestine where villi absorb the nutrients and put them into the blood stream. The chime then continues to the large intestine which absorbs the extra water and outs this into the blood stream. The remaining stuff goes into your rectum where it waits to be pushed out your anus. 3) Why do we need to digest food? We need to digest food so that our bodies can get the nutrients that they need from the food.

4) Use the diagram of the circulatory system to tell what happens to blood at each part.

The heart pumps blood throughout the body. The lungs put oxygen (O2) into the blood and take carbon dioxide (CO2) out. The small intestine puts nutrients into the blood stream. The liver takes out poisons and toxins from your blood. Your body cells take oxygen and nutrients from your blood and put carbon dioxide and cell waste into your blood stream. Your kidneys filter the cell waste (and excess water) out of your blood. Your spleen takes old blood cells out of your blood stream and replaces them with fresh, new blood cells.

5) What three things happen in the circulatory system when we get a cut? Platelets rush to the cut to thicken the blood and start clotting. White blood cells rush to the cut to fight bacteria. Skin cells start dividing to mend the cut. 6) What is the difference between veins, arteries, and capillaries? Arteries are blood vessels that take blood away from your heart. Veins are blood vessels that take blood to your heart. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels. They join arteries to veins and go to every cell in your body. 7) Complete the Concept Overview for any of the four systems that we have studied (digestive system or urinary system or circulatory system or respiratory system).

Urinary System

You have 2 kidneys Ureters join the kidneys to the bladder Your bladder stores pee How does the urinary system only filter out cell waste? How does the urinary system know how much water to take out? Without your kidneys, your blood would get dirty and youd die Your kidneys filter your blood

Your urinary system is like an aquarium filter: the aquarium filter keeps The water clean just like your kidneys keep your blood clean.

8) Tell at least three ways that your different body systems work with each other. - Food goes into your small intestine (digestive system) and the villi absorb nutrients and put them into the blood stream (circulatory system). - Water goes into your large intestine (digestive system) and gets absorbed into your blood stream (circulatory system). - Cell waste travels in your blood stream (circulatory system) and is filtered out by your kidneys (urinary system). - Oxygen comes into the lungs (respiratory system) and is absorbed into the blood stream (circulatory system). - Carbon dioxide is carried by the blood stream (circulatory system) until it is absorbed into the lungs (respiratory system)