LTE

Patrick Urgento Sr Systems Engineer

What is LTE
Specification managed by 3GPP organization 3rd Generation Partnership Project Scope to create global 3G spec based on GSM architecture UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone System) Rel 99 HSPDA (High Speed Download Packet Access) Rel 5 HSPUA (Upload Access) Rel 6 HSPA+ Rel 7, enhancements in Rel 8-10 New LTE specification in Release 8, 4G Scope

What is 4G?
4th Generation of Mobile communications First Gen Analog, AMPS 2G, Digital, IncreaseVoice Capacity- TDMA, GSM & 1xRTT 3G High Speed Data; EVDO, UMTS, HSPA ITU defines 4G as 100 Mbps mobile, 1 Gbps stationary LTE-Advanced & WiMax 2.0 4G certified, theoretically capable Realistic? Nokia lab demo w/ 8 antennas, 60 MHz & 1 user Market 4G defined as ~10X 3G or 5-10+ Mbps Current gen WiMax, LTE & HSPA+

LTE Multiplexing
1G: FDMA 1 user, 1 channel, 30kHz, add channels for more users 2G: CDMA or TDMA, 200 kHz to 1.25 MHz 3G: CDMA & TDMA hybrid 1.25 to 5 MHz channels 1.2288 to 3.84 MSps 4G: LTE & WiMax = OFDM Slow down symbol rates, use multiple orthogonal frequencies 15kHz channels Orthogonally spaced. 15 kSps 802.11 A,G,N & HDTV all use OFDM

LTE Channel Sizes

2G; GSM= 200 kHz, 1xRTT = 1.25 MHz 3G; HSPA = 5 MHz, EVDO = 1.25 MH Wasted spectrum Guard bands between carriers or left Leftover spectrum unused Holdings LTE is Flexible Channel Size 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 or 20 Mhz ~100 subcarriers per MHz (128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536 or 2048) Subcarriers are 15 kHz

LTE Releases
Release 8 Initial LTE release Up to 4x4 MIMO Release 9 Minor enhancements Currently built out by VZ, ATT & S Release 10, LTE Advanced 2013 Commercial Availability Channel bonding up to 5X 8x8 MIMO, SON

Voice & LTE

LTE is a data focused technology, 3GPP never specified voice CSFB-Circuit Switched Fall Back Use 2G/3G technology to carry Voice, 1xRTT,UMTS, HSPA SVLTE, Simultaneous Voice and LTE, uses extra power Currently deployed VoLTE- Carrier controlled COS VoIP with IMS interconnection Efficient Cellular codecs, IMS transcodes to SIP or PSTN Widely agreed upon, most likely future OTT (Over the Top), Skype, Vonage, etc No Quality of Service, inefficient codecs

WIIFM?
How fast is it? Depends? Channel size, Carrier Bonding, MIMO Network Load -> Pricing Signal Strength more important than ever What does it do for me? Greasy Fast Speed!!! Wireline performance, latency, throughput More applications, More operational users Better Video Communications (Surveillance, Training, Service) Consolidate Voice, VoIP, SIP