Istanbul was Constantinople Now it's Istanbul, not Constantinople Been a long time gone, Constantinople Now it's

Turkish delight on a moonlit night Every gal in Constantinople Lives in Istanbul, not Constantinople So if you've a date in Constantinople She'll be waiting in Istanbul

The Byzantine ByzantineEmpire Empire at its Height

Even old New York was once New Amsterdam Why they changed it I can't Center say People just liked it better that way

of Byzantine Empire

 The New Rome Preservation of Greek & Roman Culture Fostered Christianity

Legacy of Byzantine Empire

Marries

Church

State

Origins of the Byzantine Empire

Introduces caesaropapism Constantine builds capital at Byzantium
Geographic location is easy to defend

Constantine is first Christian Emperor

Justinian (527-65) & Theodora

Hippodrome

Enlarged Empire Rebuilds Constantinople to make it glorious

Hagia Sophia Imperial Palace (peacock and pinecone fountain) Museums, libraries, art treasures, marble, baths Mese (Middle Way)
Greens and Blues Revolt (rebuilt)

Justinians Code (528-33) Theodora, his wife, very powerful, ("Imperial purple

makes a very fine shroud.)

 Theme system

The Government

Centralized authority and elaborate bureaucracy Elaborate court

Provinces under control of generals who are given a land grant Peasants receive land in exchange for military service Limited the accumulation of land by the wealthy Strengthened the peasants

Theme system

Dealing with the Muslims

Byzantines Lost much of its southern territory (Egypt and Syria) to Arabs Defeated the Arab navy with Greek fire (Advanced Technology)

Economics
Productive agricultural economy Low food prices High quality luxury goods Government control

Trade routes to India and China Bezant Banks and Partnerships

Restrictions on individual craft workers Prevented monopolies

Social
Women secluded Private tutors for boys and girls State school system for bureaucracy Most peasants literate but not formally educated

Christianity: Eastern Orthodox Church

Influenced by Greek Classics and Language Imperial support Monasticism and asceticism (St. Basil) Missionary workCyril and Methodius convert the Slavs of Eastern Europe.

Schism of 1054: Two Christian Traditions

Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox

Service in Latin Icons are bad Papal authority over Bishops Pope claims authority over all kings and emperors Priests may not marry Divorce not permitted Un-leven bread

Service in Greek or vernacular Icons are good Patriarch and Bishops head church as a group Emperor claims authority over Patriarch and Bishops Priests may marry Divorce allowed under certain conditions Any bread is fine

Other Problems
Plague of 542 killed 10,000 a day Enemies:
Lombards, Persians, Avars, Arabs and Turks

Large estates did not contribute tax revenue and became more independent of the government Free-peasant class grew smaller, fewer army recruits Ottoman Turks end Byzantine rule in 1453

Russians: heirs to the Byzantines???

Geography (look to the south and east, not the west) Slavs + Vikings (Rus) = Russians Kiev (first capital) and trade. Kiev declines after Mongols arrive in 1200s (Golden Horde), Moscow rises. Influence of Byzantines and ChristianityCyrillic alphabet stimulates conversion to Orthodox Christianity (Vladimir converts) Yaroslav: Written laws, allied marriages Mongols : Toleration, Tribute, Isolation (Eastward focus) Independence: Ivan the Greatczar 1462-1505