Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 2

III B.Tech II Semester Examinations,December-January, 2011-2012 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-II Chemical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Discuss about axial dispersion and the dispersion model. What are its limitations and applications? (b) Water is drawn from a lake, ows through a pump and passes down a long pipe in turbulent ow. A slug of tracer (not an ideal pulse input) enters the intake line at the lake, and is recorded downstream at two locations in the pipe L meters apart. The mean residence time of uid between recording points is 100sec, and variance of the two recorded signals is 2 2 1 = 800 sec2 2 = 900 sec2 What would be the spread of an ideal pulse response for a section of this pipe, free from end eects and of length L/5? [8+8] 2. What is catalyst deactivation? How and why it occurs? What are the factors that are responsible for deactivating a porous catalyst pellet? [16] 3. (a) Give a brief account of E, the exit age distribution and the experimental methods for nding E curve. (b) A pulse input to a vessel gives the results shown in gure 3 i. Check the material balance with the tracer curve to see whether the results are consistent. ii. If the result is consistent, determine t, V and sketch the E curve. [8+8]

Figure 3 4. What is surface diusion. Explain its mechanism. Discuss the temperature dependence of the surface diusion. [16] 5. (a) For a rst-order reaction with = 0 show that the performance equations for a macrouid in plug ow and a microuid in plug ow are identical. (b) Discuss about mixing of two miscible uids. [10+6]

6. The true density of the solid material in an activated alumina was reported as 3675 kg/m3 . The density of the particle obtained from mercury displacement technique 1

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 2

were 1547 kg/m3 and surface area as 175 m2 . Determine the pore volume /gm, the porosity and mean pore radius of the particle. [16] 7. (a) Assuming plug ow we calculate that a tubular reactor 12m long would give 96% conversion of A for the second order reaction A R. However the uid is very viscous, and ow will be strongly laminar, thus we expect the convection model, not the plug ow model, to closely represent the ow. How long should we make the reactor to insure 96% conversion of A? (b) Give a brief account of chemical conversion in laminar ow reactors. [10+6] 8. Show that t/ = 1- rc /R = 1- (1 - XB )1/3 when the overall rate is controlled by a chemical reaction List out the assumptions. [16]

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 4

III B.Tech II Semester Examinations,December-January, 2011-2012 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-II Chemical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain the dierence in behavior of microuids and macrouids in a mixed ow reactor. (b) Derive the expression for a zero order reaction of a macrouid in a mixed ow Reactor. [8+8] 2. Write briey on the following: (a) External diusion (b) Internal diusion. [16]

3. How the activity of a catalyst pellet at any time is dened? Write a deactivation rate equation and explain the order of deactivation. [16] 4. (a) A small diameter pipe 32m long runs from the fermentation room of a winery to the bottle lling cellar. Sometimes red wine is pumped through the pipe, sometimes white, and whenever the switch is made from one to the other a small amount of house blend rose is produced( 8 bottles). Because of some construction in the winery the pipeline length will have to be increased to 50m. For the same ow rate of wine, how many bottles of rose may we now expect to get each time we switch the ow? (b) Discuss briey about the tanks-in-series model. [8+8]

5. (a) Discuss about tting the dispersion model for large deviation from plug ow. (b) A packed bed reactor is injected with a tracer. The pulse is injected into the bed about 4 particle diameters from the entrance, which is not perfect. The variance in the injection is 2 = 15 sec2 . The variance at the measuring point 3 meters downstream is 2 = 50 sec2 . The supercial velocity is 0.01 m/s. i. Calculate the dispersion coecient. ii. Calculate the conversion for a rst order reaction in which k = 0.02 sec - 1 . [8+8] 6. Hydrogen sulde is removed from coal gas by contact with a moving bed of iron oxide particles which convert to the sulde as follows: Fe2 O3 FeS In our reactor the fraction of oxide converted in any particle is determined by its residence time t and the time needed for complete conversion of the particle and this is given by t 3 when t < 1 hr and with = 1 hr and X = 1 when t 1 hr. 1X = 1 3

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 4

Find the conversion of iron oxide to sulde if the RTD of solids in the contactor is approximated by the curve shown in the gure 6. [16]

Figure 6 7. The reaction P + Q R is carried out in the pressure of a catalyst and proceeds according to the following mechanism. P + M PM Q + M QM PM + QM RM + M RM R+M PM, QM, RM are the intermediate adsorbed composites at the catalyst activated sites. M indicates active catalyst. If the reaction step is the rate controlling parameter, suggest a suitable rate expression for the reaction. [16] 8. Cylindrical solids and uid are continuously fed into a mixed-ow reactor. The mechanism of the reaction is visualized to be the shrinking core model and the reaction step is the rate controlling. Develop the performance expression for this operation as a function of pertinent parameters. Assume that there is no elutriation. [16]

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 1

III B.Tech II Semester Examinations,December-January, 2011-2012 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-II Chemical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Discuss the spectrum of kinetic regimes in a porous catalytic reaction system and explain the factors that inuence the rate of reaction of particles. [16] 2. A reactor with a number of dividing baes A R with -rA = 0.05CA mol/liter.min. curve. Time, min 0 10 20 30 40 50 Concentration 35 38 40 40 39 37 Reading is to be used to run the reaction A pulse rate test gives the following 60 70 36 35

(a) How many tanks in series is this vessel equivalent to? (b) Calculate XA assuming the tanks-in-series model (c) Calculate XA assuming plug ow. [8+4+4]

3. Why carbon gets deposited on a catalyst in a cracking reaction. Is it possible to estimate the weight percent of carbon formed on the catalyst surface. Explain the phenomenon. [16] 4. Calculate the time needed to burn to completion particles of graphite (Ro = 5mm, B = 2.2gm/cc, KS = 20 cm/s.) in an 8% oxygen stream. For high gas velocity used assume that lm diusion doesnot oer any resistance to transfer and reaction. Reaction temperature is 9000 C. [16] 5. Derive the equation for the conversion of a rst-order reaction using a macrouid when the RTD is equivalent to (a) an ideal PFR (b) an ideal CSTR (c) Compare these conversions with those obtained from ideal reactors using micro uid. [6+6+4] 6. In a plug ow reactor a catalytic reaction A4R is carried out with initial concentration of A (CAo ) as 0.12mol/lit. The packed bed contains 0.025kg of catalyst. The feed consists of partially converted product of 45 lit/hr of pure unreacted A Data available: Run 1 2 3 4 CA in, mol/lit 0.12 0.096 0.072 0.048 CA out mol/lit 0.1008 0.084 0.066 0.0456 Determine the rate equation to represent this reaction. 5 [16]

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 1

7. A pulse test on a piece of reaction equipment gave the following results: The output concentrations rose linearly from zero to 0.5 mol/dm3 in 5 min, then fell linearly to zero in 10 min after reaching the maximum value. (a) Calculate in tabular form the values of E(t) and F(t) at 1 min intervals (b) What is the mean residence time? If the ow rate were 150 gal/min, what would be the total reactor volume? A second order reaction with kCA0 = 1.2 min - 1 is carried out in the system. [16] 8. Tubular reactors for thermal cracking are designed on the assumption of plug ow. On the suspicion that nonideal ow may be an important factor now being ignored, let us make a rough estimate of its role. For this assume isothermal operations in a 2.5-cm ID tubular reactor, using a Reynolds number of 10,000 for owing uid. The cracking reaction is approximately rst order. If calculations show that 99% decomposition can be obtained in a plug ow reactor 3 m long, how much longer must the real reactor be if nonideal ow is taken into account? [16]

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 3

III B.Tech II Semester Examinations,December-January, 2011-2012 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-II Chemical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Compare and contract the porous and non porous catalyst materials. Explain the catalytic potential of porous catalysts. [16] 2. (a) Write about dispersion model and mention its applications and limitations. (b) An injected slug of tracer material ows with its carrier uid down a long, straight pipe in dispersed plug ow. At point A in the pipe the spread of tracer is 16m. At point B, 1 kilometer downstream from A, its spread is 32m. What do you estimate its spread to be at a point C, which is 2 kilometers downstream from point A? [8+8] 3. (a) Give a brief account of E, the exit age distribution and the experimental methods for nding E curve. (b) A liquid macrouid reacts according to A R as it ows through a vessel. Find the conversion of A for the ow pattern shown in the gure 3, with the 2 given data. CA0 = 2 mol/liter, -rA = k CA , k = 2 liter/mol.min [8+8]

Figure 3 4. (a) Dispersed noncoalescing droplets containing reactant A pass through 3 ideal stirred tanks in series. The mean holding time in each tank is 1.5hr and the rate constant for the rst-order decay reaction is 0.1 min - 1 . Find the fractional conversion of A in the exit stream from the three reactors. (b) Consider a single reacting macrouid being processed in turn in batch, plug ow and mixed ow reactors. How does the degree of segregation aect the conversion in each case? [10+6] 5. Explain the method to nd the rst order decay in a continuous ow back mix reactor using integral method.Take a general rst order equation and explain. [16] 6. A gas-solid non-catalytic reaction is investigated by measuring the time required for complete conversion of solid B as a function of particle diameter. The results are as follows: 7

Code No: 07A60803

R07

Set No. 3

Particle dia(mm) Time for complete conversion(min)

0.063 0.125 0.250 5 10 20

If the diusion resistance in the gas phase around the particle is negligible, what mechanism controls the rate of reaction? [16] 7. Develop the overall rate equation for the reaction A B taking steps below into account: (a) Adsorption rate of A r = K1 (Pa a /K2 ) (b) Desorption rate of B r = K3 (b /K4 Pt ) (c) Surface reaction rate r = K5 (a b /K6 ) a and b are the fractions of the surface covered by species A and B. is uncovered surface ( = 1 - a - b ). [16] 8. Aqueous A (CAO = 1 mol/m3 ) with physical properties close to water ( = 1000 kg/m3 , D = 10 - 9 m2 /s) reacts by a second-order reaction ( k = 10 - 3 m3 /mol.s) as it ows at 10 mm/s through a tubular reactor (dt = 10 mm, L = 20 m). Find the conversion of reactant A from this reactor. [16]