Problem 15.6 in Peters and Timmerhaus.

Heat Balance for distilled water:

lb  BTU  BTU
q = 175,000 1 0 (93 − 85F ) = 1,400,000
hr  lb F  hr

The flowrate of cooling water is:

 160  ft lb  0.334in 2  sec lb
m& =   6 . 7 62 . 47 
3  2
3600
2 
= 280,000
 2  sec ft  144in / ft  hr hr
Exit temperature for cooling water:
280,000(1)(Tcw,out − Tcw,in ) = 1,400,000
Tcw,out = 80 0 F
Calculate the LMTD:
∆t1 = 93 − 80 = 13
∆t 2 = 85 − 75 = 10
13 − 10
∆Tlm = = 11.45 0 F
ln (13 / 10)

To use the LMTD correction factor, we have:

80 − 75
S= = 0.278
93 − 75
93 − 85
R= = 1.6
80 − 75
From the charts, we have F = 0.945 .

Now, let’s calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient, starting with the outside film transfer
coefficient.

The shell side Rem is given as:

m& D0
Re m =
Smµ
P ' − D0 15.25 − 0.75 0.9375 − 0.75
S m = l s ( D s − D0 ) = (1 ft ) ft = 0.242 ft 2
P' 12 0.9375
The Rem (based on standard viscosity, some may have calculated this as a function of
temperature) is:
175,000lb / hr (0.75 / 12) ft
Re m = = 18676
0.242 ft 2 (2.42lb / ft / hr )
 k ao
ho = Re 0m.6 Pr 1 / 3
Do Fs
0.33
 0.36 BTU / hr / ft / 0 F  0.33  0.6  1BTU / lb F ( 2.42lb / ft / hr ) 
0
ho =    (18676 ) 
 0.36 BTU / hr / ft / 0 F 
 0 . 75 / 12 ft  1 . 3   
= 1002 BTU / hr / ft F 20

Next is the inside film transfer coefficient. The mass flux through a tube is given as:
 160 
280000 /  lb / hr
 2 
Gi = 2
= 1.5 x10 6 lb / hr / ft 2
0.334 / 144 ft

The Rei is:

Di Gi (0.652 / 12 ft )1.5 x10 6 lb / hr / ft 2
Re i = = = 33700
µ 2.42lb / ft / hr
The Gz is:
Di GDi µc p Di
Gz = Re• Pr • = • •
L µ k L
0.652 / 12
Gz = 33700(6.72) = 769
16
Use the following:
hi Di
= 0.023 Re i0.8 Pr 1/ 3 Re > 10,000
k
hi =
k
Di
0.023 Re i0.8 Pr 1 / 3 =
0.36 BTU / hr / ft / F
0.652 / 12 ft
(
0.023 33700 0.8 6.72 0.33 )( )
= 1200 BTU / hr / ft 2 / F

The overall heat transfer coefficient can be expressed (based on outside area) as (also neglecting
wall resistance):

1 1 1 1 1
= + + +
U o Ao ho Ao hi Ai ho,s Ao hi,s Ai
1 1 A 1 A
= + o + + o
U o ho hi Ai ho,s hi,s Ai
We have:
A0 D0
=
Ai Di
Thus,
 1 1 0.75 1 0.75
= + + + = 0.0036
U o 1002 1200(0.652) 2000 1000(0.652)
U o = 278BTU / hr / ft 2 / F

Now, we can calculate the necessary area for heat transfer from this,
q 1,400,000
Ao = = = 440 ft 2
U o ∆Tlm (278)(11.45)
The actual available surface area is:
 0.75 
Ao = N tubes (πDo )L = 160(3.14) 16 = 500 ft
2

 12 
Hence, the area is satisfactory.