High-Accuracy Jitter Measurement

Note: Specifications, terms and conditions are subject to change without notice.
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Jitter Tolerance (MTJ)
Maximum Tolerable Jitter (MTJ) test
on a network element
Rx
Tx
Jitter simulation
Error detection
Network
elment
400 3 k 400 k 20
1 k 10 k 800 k 4.4 100
5 200 500 10 k 3.5 M
10 2.3 k 60 k 300 k
10 500 40 k 8 k
10 120 6 k 40 k
600 30 k 400 k 10 219
2.4 k 18 k 100 k 1.7 20
UIpp
Jitter
frequency
f0 f1 f2 f3 f4
A1
A2
A3
MinimumJitter Tolerancein UIpp
0.1 0.1
34 18 11 60
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 5 5
0.075 0.15 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
5 5
E4
E3
E2
DS-3 (GR-499 Cat. 1)
DS-1 (GR-499 Cat. 1)
DS-1
E1
DS-3
10 41.3 100 2 k 20 k 400 k
500 6.5 k 65 k 1.3 M 10 19.3
1 k 25 k 250 k 5 M 9.65
5 k 100 k 1 M 20 M 10 12.1
20 k 400 k 4 M 80 M 10 12.1
10 68.7 500 6.5 k 65 k 1.3 M
18.5 100 1 k 25 k 250 k 5 M 10
70.9 500 5 k 100 k 1 M 20 M 10
296 2 k 20 k 400 k 4 M 80 M 10
1184 8 k 20 k 400 k 16 M 320 M 10
8 k 20 k 16 M 400 k 320 M
2 k 20 k 4 M 400 k 80 M
500 5 k 100 k 1 M 20 M
Minimum Jitter Tolerance in UIpp
622 155.4 38.9
0.15 0.15
15
2490
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
444.6 1776
15
106.4 27.8
15 15 15 15 10.9 3.63
15
6.0
6.0
1.5 1.5
0.15
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
f3 f4
A3
A2
A1
UIpp
A4
A5
Jitter
frequency f04 f1 f2 f03 f02 f01
OTU3
OTU2
OTU1
OC-768
OC-192
OC-48
OC-12
OC-3
OC-1
STM-256
STM-64
STM-16
STM-4
STM-1
1E4
Jitter amplitude [UI]
1E3
1E2
1E1
1E0
1E-1
1E-2
1E-3
1E0 1E1 1E2 1E3 1E4 1E5 1E6 1E7
Frequency [Hz]
1E8
Area of acceptable
jitter tolerance
Output Jitter Intrinsic Jitter Jitter Generation
Network interface Standard Bit rate Jitter limits Jitter limits
Wide-band jitter/UIpp High-band jitter/UIpp
OTN ITU-T G.8251 OTU1
OTU2
OTU3
1.5
1.5
6.0
0.15
0.15
0.15
SDH transport ITU-T G.825
ETSI EN 302 084
STM-1e
STM-1
STM-4
STM-16
STM-64
STM-256
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
tbd
0.075
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
tbd
SONET transport ANSI T1.105.03
Telcordia GR-253
OC-1
OC-3
OC-12
OC-48
OC-192
OC-768
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
6.0
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
PDH/DSn transport ITU-T G.823
ETSI EN 302 084
ANSI T1.102
Telcordia GR-499
ITU-T G.824
2048 kb/s
8448 kb/s
34368 kb/s
139264 kb/s
1544 kb/s
6312 kb/s
44736 kb/s
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
5
3(1)
5
0.2
0.2
0.15
0.075
0.1
0.1
0.1
Synchronization ITU-T G.823
ETSI EN 300 462-3-1
ANSI T1.101
2048 kb/s PRC
2048 kb/s SSU
2048 kb/s SEC
2048 kb/s PDH
1544 kb/s
0.05
0.05
0.5
1.5
5

0.2
0.2
0.1
(1) In revised G.824 (02/00): 5 UIpp
Equipment Standard Bit rate Jitter limits Jitter limits
Wide-band jitter/UIpp High-band jitter/UIpp
OTN ITU-T G.8251 OTU1
OTU2
OTU3
0.3
0.3
1.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
OTN
(SDH interfaces)
ITU-T G.8251
ITU-T G.783
ITU-T G.811
ETSI EN 300 462-6-1
ITU-T G.812
ETSI EN 300 462-4-1
STM-16
STM-64
STM-256
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
SDH
(TM, ADM, DXC, etc.)
SDH regenerators
PRC clock
SSU clock
ITU-T G.783
ITU-T G.813
ETSI EN 300 462-5-1
ANSI T1.105.03
Telcordia GR-253
STM-1
STM-4,
STM-16
STM-64
OC-1
OC-3
OC-12
OC-48
OC-192
OC-1
OC-3
OC-12
OC-48
OC-192
OC-768
STM-1
STM-4 S
TM-16
STM-64
STM-256
2048 kb/s
1544 kb/s
STM-1e
STM-1
STM-4
STM-16
2048 kb/s
1455 kb/s
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.01 UIrms (12 kHz)
0.01 UIrms (12 kHz)
0.01 UIrms (12 kHz)
0.01 UIrms (12 kHz)
0.3
0.1 (0.01 UIrms)
0.1 (0.01 UIrms)
0.1 (0.01 UIrms)
0.1 (0.01 UIrms)
0.3
1.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
tbd
0.05
0.015
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

0.1

0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

0.075
0.1
0.1
0.1


PDH/DSn ITU-T G.735
ITU-T G.742
ITU-T G.751
Telcordia GR-499
2048 kb/s
84448 kb/s
34368 kb/s
139264 kb/s
1544 kb/s
6312 kb/s
44763 kb/s
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
1.0 (0.3 UIrms)
1.0 (0.3 UIrms)
1.0 (0.3 UIrms)







Jitter Measurement Filters for SDH/SONET/OTN
Jitter
detector
Wide-band
f1 - f4
High-band
f3 - f4
Measured jitter
amplitude in UIpp
Frequency High-band
Wide-band
f3 f1
f4
A
m
p
litu
d
e
20 dB/dec.
20 dB/dec.
60 dB/dec.
High-pass 1
500 Hz
1 kHz
5 kHz
20 kHz
80 kHz
20 kHz
High-pass 2
65 kHz
250 kHz
1 MHz
4 MHz 1
6 MHz
16 MHz
Low-pass
1.3 MHz
5 MHz
20 MHz
80 MHz
320 MHz
320 MHz
STM-1/OC-3
STM-4/OC-12
STM-16/OC-48/OTU1
STM-64/OC-192/OTU2
STM-256
OC-768/OTU3
SDH/SONET MappingJitter
Maximum Mapping Jitter as per ITU-T G.783
Bit rate
1544 Mb/s
(DS1)
2048 Mb/s
(E1)
34368 Mb/s
(E3)
44736 Mb/s
(DS3)
139264 Mb/s
(E4)
Max. offset
50 ppm
50 ppm
30 ppm
20 ppm
15 ppm
Max. jitter
(p-p)
0.1 UI
0.075 UI
0.075 UI
0.1 UI
0.075 UI
High pass Low-pass
8 kHz 40 kHz
18 kHz 100 kHz
10 kHz 800 kHz
30 kHz 400 kHz
10 kHz 3500 kHz
Analysis of Mapping Jitter at tributary outputs
CombinedJitter
Limits for Combined Jitter (pointer & mapping jitter)
G.783, GR-253
EN 300 417-1-1
1544 Mb/s
(DS1)
34366 Mb/s
(E3)
139264 Mb/s
(E4)
Max. jitter
[UIpp]
1.3 ... 1.9
0.1
0.4 ... 0.75
0.075
0.4 ... 0.75
0.075
High pass
cutoff
10 Hz
8 kHz
100 Hz
10 kHz
200 Hz
10 kHz
Low-pass
cutoff
40 kHz
40 kHz
44736 Mb/s
(DS3)
1.3
0.1
10 Hz
30 kHz
400 kHz
400 kHz
2048 Mb/s
(E1)
0.4
0.075
20 Hz
18 kHz
100 kHz
100 kHz
800 kHz
800 kHz
3500 kHz
3500 kHz
Determing Combined Jitter
Jitter Transfer (JTF)
Determining the Jitter Transfer Function (JTF)
Jitter gain
Tolerance mask
Area of acceptable
jitter transfer
0.1 dB
Frequency
0 dB
fC fL fH
JTF (f) = 20 x log
Output jitter (f)
Input jitter (f)
20 dB/decade
Rx
Tx
Jitter simulation
for calibration
Jitter
measurement
Regenerator
Maximum OTN Mapping Jitter as per ITU-T G.8251
Bit rate Max. offset OTU-N Max. jitter for f1 - f4 Max. jitter for f3 - f4
STM-N/OC-N 20 ppm 1.0 UIpp 0.1 UIpp
Analysis of OTN Mapping Jitter
OTN MappingJitter
Phase
Time
Mapping Jitter Effects
n x 8 UI max 1 UIpp
Phase step due to justification
Phase slope PLL output
Phase slope after high-pass filtering
Type fL fC fH
OC-1 400 Hz 40 kHz 400 kHz
STM-1/
OC-3
A
B
1.3 kHz
300 kHz
130 Hz
30 kHz
1.3 MHz
1.3 MHz
STM-4/
OC-12
A
B
5 kHz
300 Hz
500 kHz
30 kHz
5 MHz
20 MHz
STM-16/
OC-48
A
B
20 kHz
300 Hz
2 MHz
30 kHz
20 MHz
3 MHz
STM-64/
OC-192
A
*
10 kHz

1 MHz
120 kHz
80 MHz

OTU1 2.5 kHz 250 kHz 20 MHz

OTU2

10 kHz 1 MHz 80 MHz

OC-768/
OTU3 40 kHz 4 MHz 320 MHz
* Telcordia GR-1377-Core
T-BERD/ MTS-8000
ONT-506 / ONT-512 / ONT-503
Network
element
What is Jitter
Jitter is the term used to designate periodic or stochastic deviations of the significant
instants of a digital signal from the ideal, equidistant values. Otherwise stated, the
transitions of a digital signal invariably occur either too early or too late when compared
to a perfect squarewave (reference clock).
Ideal squarewave
Time
Jitter-free
clock
Jittered
clock
Clock
deviation
and jitter
Peak-to-Peak andRMS Jitter
The root mean square (RMS) value of the jitter signal provides an indication of the jitter noise power.
Peak values that cause bit errors are not recorded by an RMS measurement.
The square root is calculated over the mean value of the squared signal.
RMS jitter is defined for an integration period of T as: J =
RMS
1
T
[ j(t)] dt
2
0
T

1.50
-1.50
0.50
-0.50
-1.00
0
1.00
0.00
Jitter Amplitude
Time
Square of random p-p random RMS value
Squared signal
Integration time T
Noise-like jitter
2 UIpp
RMS
value
0.25
UIrms
RMS value of random jitter
0
Squared
signal
Integration time T
Noise-like jitter
2 UIpp
RMS
value
0.71 UIrms
1.50
-1.50
0.50
-0.50
-1.00
1.00
0.00
Jitter Am
plitude
RMS value of sinusoidal jitter
RMS value Sinus squared Sinus
Time
Jitter Measurements
Device Under Test Application
Output jitter - intrinsic jitter
Jitter tolerance (MTJ)
Jitter transfer (JTF)
Tributary jitter
Pointer jitter
SDH/SONET mapping jitter
OTN mapping jitter
Network interfaces, equipment
ADM, DXC, regenerator input ports
Regenerator
Network interfaces, equipment
ADM, DXC, tributary output ports
ADM, DXC, tributary output ports
ADM, DXC, client output ports
Network
element
Jitter Tolerance Output Jitter
Jitter transfer
Regenerator
Jitter Standards Network Equipment
Aspect Application ITU-T ANSI Telcordia ETSI
Output jitter
Network interfaces
OTN
SDH
SONET
1.5 Mb/s hierarchy

PDH 2 Mb/s hierarchy
Synchronization
OTN
SDH/SONET (TM, ADM, DXC, etc.)
SDH/SONET regenerators
PRC clock
SSU clock

PDH/DSn
SDH/SONET equipment
OTN
SDH/SONET
1.5 Mb/s hierarchy
PDH 2 Mb/s hierarchy
OTN
SDH/SONET
1.5 Mb/s hierarchy (MUXDEM)
PDH 2 Mb/s hierarchy (MUXDEM)
Synchronization networks
G.8251
G.825

G.824

G.823
G.823
G.8251
G.813
G.783
G.811
G.812

G.735
G.742
G.751
G.783
G.8251
G.825
G.824
G.823
G.8251
G.783

G.705
G.810

T1.105.03
T1.102
T1.403
T1.404

T1.101

T1.105.03

T1.105.03

T1.105.03

T1.105.03

GR-253
GR-499

GR-253

GR-499
GR-253

GR-253
GR-499

GR-253
GR-499

EN 302 084

EN 302 084
EN 300 462-3-1

EN 300 462-5-1

EN 300 462-6-1
EN 300 462-4-1
EN 300 462-7-1

EN 300 417-1-1

EN 302 084

EN 302 084

EN 300 462-1-1
Output jitter
Equipment
Definitions and terminology
Jitter tolerance
Jitter transfer
Mapping/pointer (combined) jitter
STM-1
STM-4
STM-16/OTU1
STM-64/OTU2
STM-256
OTU3
Fixed
Error (W) in UI pp
SDH/SONET/OTN
f - f 1 4 f - f 3 4
0.07
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.05
0.05
Data
generator
Jitter
remover
Jitter receiver
Jitter-free
data
Phase
sequences
Calculation
(PDF)
0 8 16 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
xi
i
xi
24
Phase value
Bit
Jitter Standards Test Equipment
Total measurement error: R % of reading W
R = variable error
W = fixed error
ITU-T O.172 Appendix VII:
Method to verify the measurement result accuracy of a jitter receiver.
Reference transmitter (for Accuracy Map)
Jitter
Modulator
Clock
generator
ITU-T O.172 Appendix VIII:
Method to characterize the intrinsic jitter of a transmitter.
Transmitter
(e.g. Reference transmitter)
Data (specific test pattern)
Clock
Pattern frame trigger
Aspect Application
Jitter test
equipment
PDH systems
SDH systems
OTN systems
O.172
O.173
O.171
ITU-T
Oscilloscope
Views of Jitter
Jitter tolerance (MTJ)
Jitter transfer (JTF)
SDH/SONET/OTN
ITU-T/Telcordia
Ethernet
IEEE
Stressed eye
Not applicable
DUT
Jitter generation BERT scan (bathtub curve)
DJ DJ
RJ RJ Network
Rx
Tx Jitter simulation
for calibration
Jitter
measurement
Regenerator
Rx
Jitter simulation
Error detection
Network
elment
Tx
Network
OTU-N with mapped
SDH/SONET client
SDH/SONET
OTN
Mux
Rx
Tx
Offset variation
Jitter measurement
STM-N
loop
E1
E1
E1
tributaries
REF
ADM
E
A
S
T
W
E
S
T
E1
E1
tributaries
Jitter measurement
STM-N
loop STM-N including E1
Pointer simulation
ADM
W
E
S
T
E
A
S
T
REF