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The Science of
Ergonomics
Meghant Nichant
Industrial Engineer
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If we want to
change the
response . . .
We need to
change the
circumstances!
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What is Ergonomics?
l Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions
and job demands to the capabilities of employees. ( U.S.
Dept.of Health)
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Ergonomics Defined
l Early 1700’s, Ramazzini’s study of ill-effects of poor
posture & poorly designed tools on the health of
workers.
What Is Ergonomics?
Ergonomics is fitting the job to the person.
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Ergonomics
Human Machine
Work Environment
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INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
ATHLETE
SKILL
WILL
COACHING
GREAT EQUIPMENT
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Applications of Ergonomics
Anatomy
Orthopedics
Physiology
Medicine
Anthropometry
Psychology
Biomechanics
Sociology
Work Physiology
Industrial Hygiene
Management
Labor Relations
Industrial Engineering
Bio-Engineering
Systems Engineering
Safety Engineering
Military Engineering
Computer-Aided Design
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Human Machine
Work Environment 13
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l Decreased absenteeism.
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Repetition
l Occurs when the same or similar movements
are performed frequently.
Force
l Force is the amount of physical effort required by a
person to do a task or maintain control of tools or
equipment.
Awkward Posture
Static Posture
l Static posture occurs when one position is
held for a prolonged period of time.
Contact Stress
l Contact stress is caused by any sharp or
hard object putting localized pressure on a
part of the body.
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Temperature Extremes
l Extreme cold constricts blood
vessels and reduces sensitivity
and coordination of body parts.
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Vibration
l Exposure to vibration can occur while
using power tools or while driving
equipment.
Psycho-social Issues
l Stress, boredom, job dissatisfaction and
anxiety can contribute to the possibility of
developing a MSD.
l Psycho-social issues can create increased
muscle tension and reduce a person’s
awareness of work technique.
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Office Ergonomics
l By applying ergonomic principles to the office
setting, risk factors are minimized, productivity is
increased, and overall workplace quality is
improved.
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Adjustable Platforms
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l Improve postures.
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Control Strategies
l The next step is to develop and implement
control strategies to increase quality and
productivity.
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Administrative Controls
l Training workers in work methods.
l Providing mini-breaks.
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