Name: Class: Date: Activity 4.

1 : Changes in the States of Matter Aim: To observe the change in state from solid to liq id and bac! to solid. "roblem : #s there a change in the state of a s bstance $hen it is heated% A&&arat s: 'oling t be( retort stand( bea!er( tri&od stand( $ire ga )e( ' nsen b rner( thermometer and sto&$atch. Materials: Na&hthalene( $ater "roced re:

1. *ne third of the boiling t be is filled $ith na&hthalene. +. The boiling t be is &laced in a bea!er of $ater standing on a ga )e and tri&od stand over a ' nser b rner as sho$n in ,ig re 4.1 -a.. /. The $ater is heated. As the $ater is heated( the na&hthalene is stirred. 4. The tem&erat re - . is read and recorded every 1 min te. 0. Ste&s / and 4 re&eated ntil the tem&erat re reaches abo t 12 3C. 4. At every stage( the state of the na&hthalene is observed and recorded. 5. The test t be of liq efied na&hthalene is ta!e o t of the hot $ater and allo$ it to cool slo$ly as sho$n in ,ig re 4.1 -b.. 6. The tem&erat re - . is read and recorded at interval of 1 min te till it reaches abo t 52 3C. 1. The state of the na&hthalene is observed at every stage. 12. 7ra&hs of tem&erat re - . against T for the heating c rve of na&hthalene and gra&h of tem&erat re - . against T for the cooling c rve of na&hthalene are dra$n( $here T is the d ration of heating or cooling.

89:;A#AN <:=TAS ;A#N =es lt: -a. =es lt $hen heat is absorbed. Time( T>min 2 1 + / 4 0 4 5 6 1 12 11 1+ Table 4.1 -a. Thermometer reading( > 3C +6.2 //.2 /1.2 45.2 05.2 45.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 60.2 12.2 State of na&hthalene Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id ;iq id ;iq id

-b. =es lt $hen heat is released. Time( T>min 2 1 + / 4 0 4 5 6 1 12 11 Table 4.1 -b. Thermometer reading( > 3C 12.2 64.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 51.2 55.2 54.2 5/.2 52.2 State of na&hthalene ;iq id ;iq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid?liq id Solid Solid Solid Solid

;@<#S D@A 7=A, "ADA <:=TAS 7=A, ':=;A#NAN

Analysis: 1. Describe the change in tem&erat re at the initial stage of heating na&hthalene. :A&lain yo r observation. The tem&erat re increases at the initial stage of heating na&hthalene. This is sho$n by the reading of thermometer. +. Bhat is the tem&erat re $hen f rther heating & res lts in no noticeable change in tem&erat re% 51 3C /. Bhat observable change in state ta!es &lace at this tem&erat re% The na&hthalene is in solid?liq id state at this tem&erat re. 4. Bhat is the scientific term sed to describe this change% Melting. 0. Bhen the na&hthalene is cooled( describe $hat ha&&ens to -i. the tem&erat re The tem&erat re decreased. -ii. the state of the na&hthalene% Na&hthalene is in solid state.

Concl sion: Bhat concl sion can yo ma!e from yo r observation% The melting &oint of na&hthalene is the same as the free)ing &oint of na&hthalene( $hich is 51 3C. The tem&erat re remains constant d ring melting and free)ing.