3G VN WCDMA Workshop - Qualcomm

3G WCDMA Workshop
2008
3G WCDMA Workshop
2008
Workshop Agenda
Morning Session
9:00-9:30 WCDMA Technology Evolutional Roadmap 9:30-11:00 3G Application and Services (examples from worldwide 3G operators including developed and developing countries) 11:00-11:10 BREAK 11:10-12:10 UMTS Lesson Learned (covering 3G capabilities and features)
Afternoon Session
2:00-3:15 UMTS Lesson Learned (covering 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data as well as 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul) BREAK Open discussion for all their concerned technical / technology related topics
3:15-3:25 3:25-4:30
3G WCDMA Workshop
2008
Qualcomm Incorporated
Global leader in developing and delivering innovative digital wireless communications solutions based on CDMA and other advanced technologies. Partners with wireless operators, device manufacturers, independent software vendors, distribution suppliers and Fortune 1,000-class corporations to drive adoption of mobility solutions based on 3G CDMA and other digital technologies.
INNOVATION EXECUTION PARTNERSHIP

Founded in 1985 FORTUNE 500 Company NASDAQ Symbol: QCOM Approximately 6,800 U.S. and 35,100 international patents and patent applications of CDMA and related technologies including WCDMA and OFDMA Member of the S&P 500 Index 100 Best Managed Companies Industry Week 100 Best Companies to Work for in America FORTUNE
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3G WCDMA Workshop
2008
Worldwide 3G Adoption 435 Commercial 3G CDMA/WCDMA Operators and Growing More than 560 Million 3G Subscribers Worldwide
CDMA2000 / EV-DO: 240 Commercial Operators WCDMA / HSDPA: 195 Commercial Operators
~ 1 Billion People Have Access to More Than 227 3G Mobile Broadband (EV-DO/HSDPA) Networks
EV-DO: 80 Commercial Operators HSDPA: 165 Commercial Operators
4
Source: CDG November 2007; CDG, GSMA January 2008; Wireless Intelligence December 2007; 1 billion refers to combined estimated pop coverage.
3GPP Technology Evolutional Roadmap

Feb 2008
A Well Established Mobile Broadband Evolution Path

CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDMA
All-IP Services Broadband downloads Rel-99 Rel-5 (HSDPA)
Broadband uploads Reduced end to end delay Real-time services (VoIP, packet VT, PTT) Multicast (MBMS) Rel-6 (HSUPA)
Enhanced capacity for realtime services (ie VoIP) MIMO Backward compatibility Rel-7 (Ph 1) Rel-8 (Ph 2)
WCDMA
DL: 384 kbps peak UL: 384 kbps peak
HSPA
DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak1 UL: 384 kbps peak DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak1 UL: 5.72 Mbps peak
HSPA Evolved (HSPA+)

DL: 14-42 Mbps peak2 UL: 11 Mbps peak
DL: up to 278 Mbps peak3 UL: up to 85 Mbps peak3
LTE
1 14.4 Mbps supported in standard, incremental product release expected 2 Upper range for DL peak rates includes 64-QAM and 2x2 MIMO (Rel 8) 3 20 MHz, FDD, 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 64-QAM, 1 TX in UL. 4 1.25 MHz option also expected to be in the standard OFDMA in DL SC-FDMA in UL Flexible carrier bandwidths up to 20MHz4 Common FDD & TDD modes Higher order MIMO/SDMA
1999
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010 +
2
Rel 99 - WCDMA
3G evolution path for GSM/GPRS/EDGE
New radio network Utilizing 5 MHz of bandwidth
Increased capacity
Significant increases in voice capacity, DL and UL sector throughput
Higher data rates

Packet data - DL/UL - 384 kbps (2 Mbps per standard) Circuit switched 64 kbps
Enhanced services and applications

Significant improvement in end-user experience for existing applications Circuit switched video telephony Simultaneous voice and data applications become practical
Backward compatibility
Reuse of GPRS core network nodes Support for inter-system (WCDMA-GSM) handovers
Rel 5 - HSDPA
HSDPA Key improvements on downlink
Shared channel transmission time, codes and power Higher order modulation 16 QAM Adaptive modulation and coding with Node B scheduling Hybrid ARQ with faster retransmissions
Increased capacity
300% gain in DL sector capacity
Higher data rates

DL peak data rates up to 7.2 Mbps (14.4 Mbps per standard) Video On-
QoS
Demand
Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand the addressable market

Improves end-user experience for existing applications (web browsing, VoD & MoD..) Target mass market for applications such as high quality video downloads
Continued support for Rel 99 handsets
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HSDPA for Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband Coverage

Enhanced 3G end-user data experience
Supports richer broadband applications Impressive data capacity increases over R99: 300% increase cell throughput Shorter delay / faster network response times, better QoS for data
Allows a smooth deployment and migration

Backward compatible with R99, scalable network investment
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
> 900 kbps
> 760 kbps
~700 kbps
> 660 kbps
> 630 kbps1
Source: Qualcomm simulations (PedA 3km, 2 Rx diversity, LMMSE equalizer, 10 users/cell, full buffer traffic, proportional fair scheduling, Cat 10 UE, 2.8 km site-to-site distance)
Average user throughput at the cell edge in the order of 650 kbps
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HSDPA and R99 on same WCDMA carrier

Release 5 carrier can support HSDPA and R99 users simultaneously
Node B will be responsible for allocating code and power to HSDPA service UTRAN can control when a UE will use the HSDPA channel or R99 channels depending on the conditions such as high speed mobility, inactivity. HSDPA optionally can be deployed in its own exclusive carrier
R99 terminal
HS DP A
HSDPA terminals
Rel 6 - HSUPA
HSUPA Extends benefits of HSDPA to Uplink
Fast Uplink Scheduling Fast & efficient re-transmission (HARQ) on UL Shorter TTI on uplink
Increased capacity
80% gain in UL sector capacity
Higher data rates

Provides UL peak data rates of up to 5.76 Mbps Social Networking
QoS
Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand the addressable

Improves user experience UL intensive apps (sending files, picture/video messaging) Support for delay sensitive services (VoIP, VT) and low latency networked gaming Target mass market for applications such as mobile social networking Enables efficient multicast transmission (MBMS)
Continued support for Rel 99 and HSDPA handsets
HSPA: Features and Technical Advantages

HSPA (HSDPA + HSUPA) supports an entire range of IP-based applications
Only minor changes required in PHY & MAC
1450 kbps 800 kbps
HSUPA mode vastly improves the uplink performance

Uplink peak data rates up to 5.76 Mbps Cell capacity up by 80%
Enhanced application performance

HSUPA reduces latency Shorter frame sizes (TTI) are used Fast scheduling updates HSUPA improves QoS control H-ARQ for fast and efficient re-transmissions Fast uplink scheduling performed at Node B
Rel99 2Rx
HSUPA 2Rx 1
Round Trip Delay: Ping Latency 2

Rel 99 HSDPA HSUPA 150 - 190 ms 60 - 100 ms 22 62 ms
1 Source: Qualcomm simulations (2 Rx diversity, 10 users/cell, full buffer traffic, mixed channel. proportional fair scheduling, Cat 6 UE for HSUPA, TTI = 2ms, 2.8 km site-to-site distance) 2 HSUPA results are projected based on HSDPA field measurements
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HSPA: Significantly Higher Data Capacity

5200 Kbps
6.5x
HSDPA
2400 Kbps 800 Kbps 1200 Kbps
3600 Kbps
4.5x
3x
x
Downlink1
Rel 99 Single antenna
1.5x
Rel 99 + 2-RX Handset HSDPA + Single antenna HSDPA + 2-RX handset HSDPA + 2-RX handset + Equalizer
5530 Kbps
HSUPA
2430 Kbps 1450 Kbps 800 Kbps
7x
3225 Kbps
4x
3x
1.8x
x
Uplink2
Rel 99 + 2 RL HSUPA + 2 RL HSUPA + 2 RL + IC HSUPA + 4 RL HSUPA + 4 RL + IC
1 source: QC simulations Full Buffer, Site to site distance: 2.8 km, BTS Antenna Gain 18 dBi, BTS Power 20 W, 20% power to overhead 2 source: Qualcomm simulations (2 Rx diversity, 10 users/cell, full buffer traffic, mixed channel. proportional fair scheduling, Cat 6 UE for HSUPA, TTI = 2ms, 2.8 km site-to-site distance)
HSPA+
HSPA+ enhances R6 HSPA to significantly increase performance in a 5MHz carrier bandwidth Increased capacity
2X gain in DL capacity* 4X gain in UL capacity*
Higher data rates

Increased peak rate in high SNR scenarios - MIMO DL: 14-21 Mbps peak (no MIMO)** DL: 28-42 Mbps peak (2x2 MIMO)** UL: 11 Mbps peak Packet Video Telephony

Enhances system capacity for VoIP and other low-throughput delay sensitive applications Reduced set-up times, enhanced support for real time services (Packet VT, VoIP and enriched V+D applications)
Backward compatible
Continued support for Rel. 99 and HSPA terminals Push to Talk Push to Media
* Numbers based on advanced receivers at node B and UE ** Upper range for DL peak rates includes 64 QAM
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HSPA+ Feature Summary

Feature
2x2 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Higher Order Modulation
(64-QAM DL/16-QAM UL)
Higher Rates
Higher Capacity
HSPA+ R7
Key Benefits
Doubles Peak Data Rates 50% higher DL Data Peak Rate Doubles UL Data Peak Rate Improves VoIP capacity Extends talk time significantly Better always-on experience Faster call set up Better always-on experience Higher DL cell edge data rates Increases DL capacity Improves UL capacity and user data rates beneficial for VoIP Increases UL capacity (>100%) Higher UL cell edge data rates

Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)

(DTX/DRX, HS_SCCH Less)
Enhanced CELL_FACH /PCH state operation DL Interference Cancellation (UE IC) UL Interference Cancellation (Node B IC) 4-Branch RX diversity at Node B

* * *
* Standards Independent feature
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Backward Compatibility Enables Easy Upgrade

Backward Compatibility enables smooth HSPA+ introduction
R99, HSPA and HSPA+ devices operate on the same network
Cost Effective Upgrade For Ubiquitous Coverage

Leverages existing assets - cell sites, RAN, core network, and spectrum
Fast Time To Market With A Proven Technology

Leverages large WCDMA/HSPA vendor community
SW upgrade to RNC
Mainly SW upgrade to NodeB
New backward compatible HSPA+ devices
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PP Continues to Evolve as Leading IP WWAN
Coexistence of HSPA+ and LTE
HSPA+ = Deployments in existing, re-farmed and new 5 MHz Carriers

Increased Peak, Average & Cell Edge Rates MIMO support Enhanced capacity for real-time services (VoIP, Packet VT, PTT) Backward compatibility with legacy devices
LTE = Deployments in wider carrier bandwidths up to 20MHz

OFDMA on DL and SC-FDMA on UL Common TDD and FDD modes More capacity and higher Peak Data rates with wider carrier bandwidths (> 5MHz), higher order MIMO and SDMA support Multimode devices provide seamless migration
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Long Term Evolution (LTE)

Optimized Mobile OFDM solution suitable for wider bandwidth deployments (up to 20 MHz)
OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL Same principles as HSPA+ : Link Adaptation, HARQ, MIMO, etc.
Flexible bandwidth usage for TDD and FDD Modes

Variable bandwidths up to 20MHz supported
High peak data rates

278 Mbps DL / 85 Mbps UL in 20MHz*
Increased cell edge coverage and data rates by use of Frequency Reuse techniques High capacity fully integrated Single Frequency Network (SFN) broadcast and multicast support Interoperable with existing 3GPP technologies and multi-mode devices will provide seamless user mobility
* 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 64 QAM 1 TX stream in UL

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LTE: Interoperable With Existing 2G/3G Networks

LTE/EPS: All-IP network optimized for packet data services
Reduced network latency, Simplified network operation and maintenance
EPS ensures interoperability with existing 3GPP technologies Seamless user experience across mobile, portable, and fixed devices
IP Services / IMS Network
GPRS Core Network
EPS Access Gateway
Other Radio Technologies (e.g. WLAN)
GERAN
UTRAN
E-NodeB
E-NodeB
Dual-Mode Phones provide seamless mobility

Note: EPS was formerly named SAE
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LTE Complements Existing HSPA Networks

Seamless user experience through handoffs between LTE and existing 3G networks with multimode devices LTE Complements HSPA+ in high demand areas
Expand LTE as demand grows Ability to build out in phases minimizes initial investments
Multimode ASIC Solution
HSPA/HSPA+ Phase 1 LTE Phase 2 LTE LTE

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LTE
LTE Allows Flexible Spectrum Usage

Support for new and vacant wider bandwidths up to 20MHz
HSPA+ & LTE in 5MHz provides similar performance LTE for wider bandwidths complementing HSPA+
1.25 2.5 MHz* MHz*
5 MHz
10 MHz
15 MHz
20 MHz
Better performance for wider bandwidths
Support for FDD and TDD operating modes

Utilizes paired (FDD) and unpaired (TDD) spectrum Common Physical Layer for FDD / TDD mode
FDD
DL UL DL UL
Time
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TDD 2:1
Data Capacity on LTE

DL Data Capacity Per Sector (10MHz FDD)
25.71 20.43 16.2 13.42
Mbps
6.32
Rel6 baseline (RxDiv+RAKE)
Rel7 HSPA+ (2x2 MIMO)
LTE 2x2 MU-MIMO
LTE 1x4 SIMO
LTE 4x4 MU-MIMO
2 UE Receive antennas
4 UE Receive antennas
LTE In Wider Bandwidth Provides A High Capacity System Similar HSPA+ and LTE performance for 2x2 antennas
Note: AxB configuration assumes all UEs will have B receive antennas * source: Qualcomm Simulations, config D1: 500m ISD, HSPA+ scaled up from 5MHz details in R1-070674
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PP Evolution Offers Industry Leading Mobile Broadband Capabilities

HSDPA provides broadband downloads and significant increase in DL capacity HSUPA provides broadband uploads and significant increase in UL capacity QoS support in HUSPA enables support for delay sensitive packet applications (e.g., VoIP, Push to Media, Video Telephony) HSPA+ enhances R6 HSPA to significantly increase performance in a 5MHz carrier bandwidth HSPA + further enhances capacity for delay sensitive applications LTE is an optimized OFDMA system for wider bandwidths in new or vacant spectrum and will coexist HSPA +
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3G Applications and Services

Feb 2008
What are we going to talks

Some basic questions regarding 3G & applications 3G device in the market and its trend Existing & emerging 3G applications around the world
Non-handset based application Handset-based application
Web & WAP browsing Mobile TV, multimedia download & streaming Video call & related applications Messaging service Place shifting LBS (Location-Based Service) Mobile advertising & commerce Mobile search Mobile community & social networking
3G application development processes, success rules & conclusion

2
Basic question #1 - why 3G? Driven by market momentum Increase capacity <- WCDMA spectrum efficiency More & enhanced applications & services
Broadband speed Enhanced handset features, processing power, Better connected to Internet New business models
Application is no doubt one of the important target for 3G

3
Basic question #2 - why applications & services? Revenue - voice revenue is declining due to competition, MNP (Mobile Number Portability) Customer retention - match with the competitor Customer acquisition esp. enterprise customers Regulatory requirement
e.g LBS to support E911 emergency, MNP database
Brand image - brand differentiation Synergy with other group business

e.g. Unified messaging with fixed operator in the same group

Different 3G application strategy formulated to achieve different goal
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Basic question #3 any killer 3G app? Mobile voice is still a killer apps !!
Little effort (in some sense), high margin Simple customer proposition, promotion-free, 1 apps for all 3G network largely increase the voice capacity
Data application will be more challenging

No single apps for all Internet-mobile-media convergence -> More stakeholders
More network components, and more sophisticated Fragmented platform providers, content providers, application developers
Demanding customer service & support

Plan carefully in the 3G data business
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Cost of 3G WCDMA handsets continue to decrease

$500
$436 $412 $407
$400
$367 $341 $311 $290 $290 $295 $287 $270 $270 $272 $254 $228 $217 $197 $198 $141 $128
$300
$221
$231 $195
$200
$141
$129
$128
$100
2003Q4 2004Q1 2004Q2 2004Q3 2004Q4 2005Q1 2005Q2 2005Q3 2005Q4 2006Q1 2006Q2 2006Q3 2006Q4
Lowest 10%
Lowest end
Note: WCDMA Phones Sold per Calendar Quarter; lowest end represents complete phones sold in quantities of approx 50,000 units or higher Note: Data derived from licensee reports. Does not include modules. Source: QUALCOMM Incorporated
3G handset becoming affordable
LG CU500 HSDPA, Bluetooth
O2 Ice Video Conferencing, MP3, Bluetooth, USB
HTC TyTN Windows Mobile 5 HSDPA , WiFi
Acer Aspire 5650 Embedded HSDPA
Samsung BlackJack Windows Mobile 5, HSDPA
More than 700 WCDMA (incl. 311 HSPDA) Devices by 71 Vendors
Sanyo SA700iS 2.2 QVGA, miniSD GPS, Video Conferencing
BlackBerry 8707v Email, Bluetooth
Huawei E220 HSDPA USB Modem
Motorola FOMA M2501 WCDMA / HSDPA
LG KU970 Scroll wheel navigation HSDPA (3.6 Mbps)

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Source: www.3Gtoday.com, GSMA/Informa
3G handset much more than a phone
LAUNCHPAD
Enables the handset for 3G applications and services
Multimedia
Qsynth
- 128-sound General MIDI Synthesizer
Connectivity
USB USB Host (On The Go) Bluetooth PureVoice Mail IP Protocol stack WAP browser MMS client SecureMSM
- DRM Agent - Secure Boot - SSL Encryption
Positioning
gpsOne AGPS technology Hybrid AGPS/network solution Mobile-Assisted Mode Mobile-Based Mode Stand Alone Mode 3GPP/3GPP2 compatible Control Plane support User Plane support Digital compass interface
UI
PureVoice VR
- SD & SI Voice - Digit Dialing - Universal Front End MMC
Storage
SD-Card
MIDI player
- 16 polyphony
PureVoice Recorder
- Voice Memo - Answering Machine
CMX Compact Media Extensions C-MIDI Audio, Graphics, Text, Animation

- Very Large synthesizer - 32 polyphony wavetable - 72 polyphony wavetable - SMAF Audio support
Qtunes Audio decoders

- MP3, MPEG4-AAC, aacPlus
BREW integration support JAVA J2ME

- H/W accl
PureVoice Audio AGC SIM/UIM Card interface CMOS/CCD Mega Pixel camera interface Color LCD Interface
Mobile Video Solutions

- MPEG-4 Qtv decoder - MPEG-4 Qcamcorder encoder - MPEG-4 Qvideophone - H.264 Decode - RealPlayer - Windows Media Player
802.11b
Still Image decoders PNG, JPEG, GIF Q3Dimension 3D game engine

- Graphics acceleration for games
The The Leading Leading Feature Feature Set Set for for Wireless Wireless Product Product Development Development
Consistent Consistent use use across across all all QCT QCT product product lines lines Enables Enables broad broad product product segmentation segmentation & & differentiation differentiation Adopted by global carriers Adopted by global carriers 10
3G handset is getting smarter with more functions

Smartphone Devices forecast to be more than 34% of Total Shipments by 2012
1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600
34% 31% Smartphone OSSymbian, Windows, Linux, RIM, Palm, OSX
Smartphones Total Handsets
400
22% 17%
27%
200
2% 3% 4% 7%
13% 9%
0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Source: Strategy Analytics (Oct 2007)
On top, more innovative 3G apps can be built

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Existing & emerging 3G applications
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Observation - two types of 3G data applications Handset-based

Apps tightly linked to handset Network operator can add more value, and differentiate with other operators Usually walled-garden approach to provide apps
3G applications
Voice
Data
Handset-Based
Non-handset based
Non-handset based
End-user device can be PC, Laptop or dedicated terminal. Network serve as a bit-pipe Operator provide internet access through the 3G network. Apps is provided by open internet. Apps is less customized Also known as BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) or Wireless Broadband
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Malaysia BWA - Maxis Wireless Broadband

Promoted as residential broadband
Price comparable with ADSL Home Voice Service bundled Enabled by Maxis 3G/HSDPA network
Additional services anti-spam, anti-virus, parental control Dedicated customer service hotline Coverage map can be found in Maxis web-site Low cost HSDPA modem co-developed with ZTE
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Philippines Smart Wireless Broadband

Smart Bro - uses the nationwide 3G network to wirelessly connect home computer to the internet. Offered at P799 per month with a speed of up to 384 kbps 7x faster than dial-up
Smart Click - Internet cafes serve in places with limited highspeed Internet, or lack of computer and desktop publishing services. Also apply franchise model to increase the reach
Franchise Fee P200K (5 years)
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Africa Vodacom Mobile Broadband Home

Service overview
Offer home users a broadband connection for access to e-mail and the Internet, through laptop, desktop PC or mobile device
Service description
Access to Vodacom 3G/HSDPA network at a speed of 1.8 Mbps If no 3G/HSDPA coverage, switch automatically to GPRS/EDGE networks with maximum speed of 256 Kbps
Service Pricing
24 Month Data Contract Packages Different packages with inclusive data ranging from 500 MB - 10 GB Monthly rental ranging from ZAR 249 - ZAR 2,049 Out of bundle pricing from ZAR 1 - ZAR 1.20 per MB Data Bundles for Contract customers Different packages with inclusive data ranging from 5 MB - 10 GB Subscription ranges from ZAR 9.25 - ZAR 1,989 Out of bundle pricing from ZAR 1 - ZAR 2 per MB Pre Paid and Top Up Data bundles Different packages with inclusive data ranging from 500 MB - 2 GB Subscription ranges from ZAR 189 ZAR 389 Out of bundle pricing is ZAR 2
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Service types
Mobile Web Browsing Internet Access
Vodafone UK
Allows users to access the Internet from their laptop with the help of a USB modem. Full Internet connectivity at mobile broadband speeds, for download, email and attachments. Offers connectivity throughout the UK through 3G broadband, along with coverage in over 100 countries.
12 month contract USB Modem price Mobile Broadband GBP 49 Costs when in the UK GBP 25 per month Costs when abroad GBP 4.25 per MB on any network 200MB per month included on any network, GBP 4.25 per MB after this Mobile Broadband 18 month contract USB Modem price Free Costs when in the UK GBP 25 per month Costs when abroad GBP 4.25 per MB on any network 200MB per month included on any network, GBP 4.25 per MB after this
Mobile Broadband Travel
GBP 49
GBP 95 per month
Mobile Broadband Travel
Free
GBP 95 per month
Source: http://www.t-mobilepressoffice.co.uk/press/ukreleases/release.php?release=uk/2006/EMI-TMOBILE-RHYTHM.html
Source: http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2007/07/26/2815233.htm
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SmarTone-Vodafones 3G/HSDPA promotion

Program details Install Mobile Broadband service in 100 taxis in Hong Kong. Free Mobile Broadband to taxi passengers. Big Modem on top of the taxi Each taxi comes equipped with a modem and a SIM card, mounted to the back of the front seats. Customers with laptops simply connect the modems to their notebooks by plugging the standard USB cable into their notebook USB port Effect Give people a taste of mobile broadband. Acts as a testimony to the technical robustness of SmarTone-Vodafones HSPA network. Even when a taxi is travel along the highway or inner-city traffic, there is a seamless handover from one cell to another with no disruption to the service
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Project Candlebox from Qualcomm

An Alternative Computing Platform for Emerging Markets
Envisioned to be a low-cost alternative computing platform

All computing and communication functionality integrated in one chipset All necessary interfaces Place computing ownership within financial reach for emerging markets
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Project Candlebox features

Connectivity:
HSPA (MSM7200A)
Display support:
Monitor: up to XGA resolution TV-out
High-speed USB support :

Mass storage Keyboard/mouse Game controller/pad
Full browser with plug-in support:

WebTop Web-based applications
Game support:
Powerful 3D graphics engine
Voice Call support
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BWA an area of quick growth
Flexible and affordable tariff

Flat tariff or reasonable caps (e.g. 500MB) so that most users should not hit the limit Affordable roaming rate & package, comparable with hotel broadband rate Prepaid for casual users
PC not affordable in developing countries

Carrier can sponsor the PC device Qualcomm Candlebox is a good choice
Ease-of-use with build-in 3G modem & connection software, like WiFi / Centrino
One click to connect, check usage/bill, check signal quality
Solid HSPA evolution roadmap to increase air-link capacity, guarantee QoS & bitrates Innovative model can help (e.g. franchise)
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Handset-based 3G applications
Web & WAP browsing Mobile TV, multimedia download & streaming Video call & related applications Messaging service Place shifting LBS (Location-Based Service) Mobile advertising & commerce Mobile search Mobile community & social networking
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Web & WAP browsing
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Web browsing with mobile phone

Hutchison, HK
3Xplorer service allows users to access Internet from their mobile phones. It uses a compression technology for data transmission.
Softbank, Japan
PC Site Browser allows users to access websites from their mobile devices.
Pricing HKD 28.00 per month for unlimited Internet usage
Unlimited Packet Use: YEN 0.08 per packet Packet Flat-rate (Orange Plan W): YEN 0.05 per packet Packet Flat-rate Light (Orange Plan W): YEN 0.08 per packet Packet Flat-rate (Blue Plan): YEN 0.02 per packet Packet 10 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.1 per packet Packet 30 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.06 per packet Packet 60 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.02 per packet Packet 90 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.015 per packet
Source: http://xseries.three.com.hk/website/english/features_3xplorer_overview.shtml
Source: http://mb.softbank.jp/mb/en/service/advanced/pcsite_browser/index.html
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Web browsing with mobile phone

Much better experience than WAP browsing, which is Content limited to WAP1.0(WML), WAP2.0(XHTML) High latency Limited compression Slow navigation through pages Advantages Full web contents (HTML) rendered neatly in small mobile Quick keys to page up/down, Go back/forward/home Support Zoom Requirements Micro-browser in handset Proxy server in carriers
Source http://novarra.com/Solutions/nweb/microbrowser.htm
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Mobile TV, multimedia download & streaming
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Orange TV
Service overview
Orange TV allows users to watch their favourite shows related to sport, news, classic TV, comedy or pure top quality entertainment Users can view their missed programmes on the mobile phone at their suitable time. Various available channels are: Bloomberg, Bravo, CNN, Aardman animation, X extreme, Comedy, Living TV etc.
Service types
Video streaming (PS) Video download
Pricing
GBP 10.00 per month for full access to all channels GBP 5.00 for access to smaller channel packs
http://www1.orange.co.uk/entertainment/tv/OrangeTVPacks.php
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Orange Traffic TV
Service overview
Traffic TV service gives users a comprehensive picture of traffic conditions on the UK's motorways and trunk roads and direct access to video of road conditions from selected motorway CCTV cameras across the UK.
Service description
The service displays a map with the main UK roads on it. The latest delays are sent to the mobile phone and flash on top of the map. By zooming into the area of interest, users can see how fast the traffic is moving and by how many minutes users can be delayed in reaching a destination.
Pricing
GBP 4.00 per month GBP 5.00 per month for users of other networks
http://www.orange.co.uk/travel/traffictv/default.htm?linkfrom=travel_guides_default&link=link_7&article=travelnav
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UAE Etisalat video streaming

Service overview
video streaming provides the capability of high-speed data and video transfers at speeds of up to 384 Kbps. Allows users to watch their favourite videos on their mobile phone. Videos are loaded seconds after a user makes a request on the handset Streaming only - cannot be saved for later viewing.
http://www.etisalat.ae
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Reliance Mobile TV
Service overview
Reliance Mobile TV provides live television and offers various video clips for download via the mobile device.
Service description
This service enables the user to download live video from a variety of Indian news channels such as TIMES NOW, AajTak, IndiaTV, CNBC and NDTV 24x7.
Service pricing
Three pricing strategies Rs. 25 per month Rs 3 per day Pay-on-Use - Live mobile TV viewing may vary between Rs. 3 and Rs. 15 per view depending on content.
http://www.reliancemobileworld.co.in/RMW/mobiletv/mobile_tv.html
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CSL 1010 television circuit-switched

Service overview
Some of the various 1010 3G Service channels offer the ability for the user to view live TV, via CS video call. CS video call give service stability, and ease channel switch, and subscription & configuration-free Simply dial a video call code (*888) and enter station number Support roaming Download related content (MP3) instantly
Service pricing
Monthly subscription - HKD 30 include 100 mins, thereafter - HKD 1 per minute Pay As U Go - $1 / min
http://1010.hkcsl.com/jsp/3g_service_and_infotainment/3g_mobile_tv/how_to_use/how_to_use.jsp
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PCCW Mobile TV broadcast/multicast technology

MBMS a broadcast/multicast standard in 3GPP/WCDMA PCCW service is a pre-MBMS, proprietary broadcast/multicast technology Require proprietary handset
Unicast Ten users are watching three different channels (red, green, and blue) Each user requires a separate unicast streaming connection to the server Server, network, and cell load increases with increasing numbers of users Broadcast/multicast Server, network, and cell load are independent of the total number of users
Soft button to invoke Mobile TV
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High Definition (HD) H.264 Mobile TV

Latest H.264 technology, better compression Enhances resolution to 320x240 pixels - representing a double up in viewing quality with razor-sharp images, enriched color and lucid subtitles Applicable to handsets supporting H.264 streaming technology with QVGA 320x240 pixel resolution
http://www.smartone-vodafone.com/jsp/mobile/prices/hdwide/english/index.jsp http://www.pccwmobile.com/portal/common/multi_section.jsp?fldr_id=6211
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June Music Service and MelOn

Service overview
Allows the users to download or stream music and music videos onto their mobile device and then play them at their own leisure.
Service types
Video download Video streaming Audio download Audio streaming
2 trends are happening

Handset is the most popular music player Music download over wireless network become the most popular channel
34
http://www.sktelecom.com/eng/html/service/WirelessInternet/Music.html
Java Download - MIDP

mobile information device profile
MIDP 2.0 new features

Enhanced UI Media Support audio Game API Connectivity standards beyond HTTP, such as HTTPS, datagram, sockets OTA provisioning
MIDP 3.0 new features

Enhanced networking API Concurrency Enhanced security Multiple display
Handset with Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
35
Building successful Mobile TV & multimedia business
Content availability is the key

A total new domain to operator Triple-play can fully utilize the content
Select the most suitable Mobile TV/multimedia technology

Supported number of channels Supported content quality Network resource requirement
Pay attention to the handset capability

Resolution, supported decoder, battery consumption, audio quality
Leverage the market push by traditional players

E.g TV broadcaster
36

Video call and related apps
37
Video Call / Conferencing

Video Call
With Video call service, users can speak face-to-face with friends in real time. A call with live video & voice simultaneously.
Video Conferencing
Maximum four 3G users to participate in a video conference anytime and from different parts of the world. Participate in and drop from video conference at any time. No service subscription required
Service pricing
Monthly charges of HK$28, HK$58, HK$98 provides free video calls for 60 min, 150 min and 300 min respectively. Thereafter, subscribed tariff plan charges apply. HK $1.5 charged for video call to subscriber in other networks
Service pricing
Monthly charge is HK $35. Video call minutes are automatically deducted from the customer's tariff plan.
http://www.three.com.hk/website/template?pageid=41000&lang=eng
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Video Mail / Web Call

Video Mail
Video calls to be diverted to a video-mail box when a user turns off their mobile phone, does not answer, is engaged in another call or is unreachable. Make own greeting video or choose a funny character or celebrity from the library. Notification SMS. Retrieved by video call to short code
Web call
Make a video call from web-browser to a video phone Non-3G user can taste the service
http://www.three.com.hk/website/template?pageid=44a00&lang=eng
39
Video Surveillance CS video call

Keep watch over home or office with Mobile CAM via your 3G handset. Pan-tilt and zoom functions Night mode, continue to keep an eye on things even in pitch-black darkness, Video recording and two-way audio No installation, simply insert a 3G SIM card in the device. Make a 3G VT call then.
http://www.pccwmobile.com/portal/common/plaintext.jsp?fldr_id=7659
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Video Share
Concurrent Voice & PS-Video
Service description
Allows the user to share instant videos during a voice call Enables the user to send/upstream videos of larger size during a call
ProblemRight before the party starts, you find the AV equipment malfunction but you are unable to explain the situation clearly to your family member during a call...... SolutionYou may switch from voice call to video sharing at once and show the situation to them for instruction.
Service pricing
HKD 38 (5 MB) per month HKD 68 (20MB) per month HKD 1.5 per minute
http://1010.hkcsl.com/jsp/per_1010/per_1010_videomessaging_intro.jsp?lang=eng&nodeid=10&childnodeid=101
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Video call and related applications
Video telephony not as compelling as initially expected

Video quality not good enough Headset requirement to mitigate background noise Cultural issue dont want to be noticed of the location High charge esp. inter-carrier VT and roaming VT
Enhanced video call (video share, surveillance... ) have a lot of potential.

More customer education is necessary Explore the business market
42

Messaging service
43
Messaging services
SMS MMS Emails
Blackberry / Microsoft
IM / Mobile MSN / Mobile QQ UM windows mobile email SMS via mail
3G enhance messaging services by datarate, latency, handset

44
PXT World MMS composer and on-line storage

Service overview
PXT World is an online interactive media centre that provides free storage space for 15MB for pictures, sounds and videos which can be shared with friends and family.
Service description
This service allows users to compose their own PXT messages and download pictures from gallery. Each PXT can be up to 100Kb. PXT can include video, text, sound and animations Anyone anywhere can use PXT World to view shared albums, but only Vodafone NZ or TelstraClear customers can send PXTs via PXT World, or create albums to share with friends.
Service pricing
Charge for sending a PXT to PXT World is NZD 0.20.
http://www.vodafone.co.nz/services/pxt_world.jsp?item=pxtworld
http://www.voxmobili.com/jsp/products/products_3_3.jsp
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Instant Messaging
MSN Chats with friends and family even away from computer Use the same account, contact list updated between mobile & compute HKD 28 unlimited usage
Mobile QQ Mobile version of "Tencent QQ". Popular IM service in China - used to chat with friends in China, Taiwan and HK Leverage 300M QQ users
46
Mobile email
Feature phones POP3/IMAP4 client
Configuration required Suitable for casual/infrequent users No push function some provide SMS notification
Push email
E-mail systems that provide an "always-on capability, in which new e mail is instantly and actively transferred (pushed) as it arrives by the mail server to the e-mail client
Blackberry
Pioneer in mobile push email Support both corporate email & web-based email (yahoo, google) Use dedicated device Extend to other business usage such as IM, sales force management, fleet management
Windows mobile
Catching up quickly Direct Push e-mail in Windows Mobile 6.0 First to support attachment download
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Messaging service
Messaging services can leverage the big success of SMS MMS can be more successful than it should be
Inter-operator MMS Outbound roaming support MMS formatted to recipient-supported content type / size
Mobile push email is compelling among the business customers

Affordable plan can encourage the take-up
IM has a lot of potential

Built-in IM client can boost the business Integration with Push-To-Talk will be the next wave
48

Place-Shifting
49
Place-Shifting Services - general trends

Main types of place shifting service Remote access to home PC for files / streaming Remote streaming of TV / PVR Main methods Secure tunnel from mobile phone into home systems, through a dedicated site Streaming home content out to the mobile device Suppliers - Mostly small / early stage companies Regional overview North America - leading Europe - Hutchison & Vodafone pushing Asia Pacific, Middle East, Latin America following Top 3 services Orb Hutchison Slingbox Hutchison MeinPC Vodafone, Germany
Assessments Open 3G network to unlimited/personalized content choice Cost of additional hardware Perceived setup complexity Low broadband uplink speeds in many countries
50
Slingbox (3Home TV)

Service overview
3Home TV service, with the help of a Slingbox, allows users to transmit programmes from Terrestrial TV, Freeview, cable and satellite TV, on their mobile phones
Service description
With this service, users can Watch Live TV videos Watch recorded videos Create a play list for videos Need to have broadband connection to Slingbox
Service types
Place Shifting Services
Service package
3Home TV
Service pricing
HKD 68.00 per 60 hours Sling box instrument is priced at HKD 1980
51
Orb (3Home PC)

Service overview
Orb allows users to directly access digital content and documents from home computers on their mobile phones
Service description
Users can stream videos, download photos and music tracks in home computer to their mobile phones Need to have broadband connection and Orb software installed on their PC
Service types
Place Shifting Services
Service pricing
HKD 88.00 for 500 MB of 3Home PC HKD 48.00 for 50 MB of 3Home PC HKD 138 for 3Home TV + 3Home PC packages
Service package
3Home PC
52

LBS
53
LBS enabling technologies

GPS/Satellites-based 10m accuracy
Assisted GPS location server (hosted by operator) assists a wireless device client to produce location fixes Standalone GPS phone compute position fix using purely signal from satellites
With Assisted File (usually updated and provided by OEM)
Non GPS/Satellites-based 100-1000m accuracy

Cell Sector Centroids: use knowledge of which cell sector is serving the mobile, and which are seen by the mobile, to determine position. Round Trip Delay (RTD): use measurements made by the Base Stations. Advanced Forward Link Trilateration (AFLT): ranging to cell towers using the Pilot phase measurement.
54
NTT DoCoMo
imadoco search Allows users to use i-mode or a PC to get maps showing the location of loved ones. Highly accurate location information is available on maps if the person you are looking for has a GPS compatible handset. (if a compatible handset is not available,
location information is acquired from base stations.)
Main Functions Immediate Search Schedule Search Area Monitoring Alarm Search Power OFF Search Fees 210yen/ month, 5 yen/ search
http://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/service/gps/imadoco/index.html#p01
55
SK Telecom - i-Kids service

Service overview
The i-Kids service provides the user with the ability to track assets (e.g. people, animals, etc.) using a device that is attached or located with the asset.
Service description
This service enables the user to find the location of their children and give the details of their movements in an emergency situation. It also provides a 'Safety Zone' service that allows the user to set up a given area for the child to stay within and provides a warning message if the child leaves the safety zone. The tracker can be applied to any moving object, e.g. pets or valuable luggage.
http://www.sktelecom.com/eng/jsp/tlounge/presscenter/PressCenterDetail.jsp?f_reportdata_seq=1533
56
Hutchison HK - Locate
MyNearest
Give user current location, assists them in finding any particular point of interest in close proximity (such as ATMs, restaurants & cafes, gas stations, car parks, theatres, monuments etc.)
Follow Me Follow U
Enable you to search and get map location of your friends and relatives once obtained their authorization
EasyGO
The offers the fastest, cheapest and convenience route to your selected location and assist you to get there save & easily.
Nearby Jetso
Nearby Jetso provides a large number of bargain offers or discount schemes from various shops and restaurants that are close to the users location.
http://www.three.com.hk/website/template?pageid=45800&lang=eng
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Many QC-enabled GPS Handsets from Leading OEMs

HTC
TyTn II (Carriers, Retail, OMA SUPL 1.0 A-GPS, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 1.0)
Samsung
i550 i560 i640 i780 (Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Symbian) (Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Symbian) (Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Symbian) (OMA SUPL 1.0, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Windows Mobile)
HP
iPAQ 600 Business Navigator (OMA SUPL 1.0 A-GPS, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0) iPAQ 900 Series (OMA SUPL 1.0 A-GPS, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0)
Samsung i560 HTC TyTn II Samsung i550
Samsung i780 HP iPAQ 600 HP iPAQ 900 Series Business Samsung i640 Series
Navigator
58 and many more coming soon
Things to consider in LBS
Network investment plan (e.g. AGPS) Map availability LBS application requirement
Quick Time to Fix for Navigation purpose High Yield Rate for emergency purpose Accuracy affect the LBS application type
E.g. MyNearest type of apps can be of 100m-1000m level of accuracy E.g. Navigation should be of 10m level accuracy
Smart phone preferred for Map/Navigation application High sensitivity phone (-154dbm to -160dbm) required for emergency type pf application
59

Mobile Advertising & Commerce
60
Mobile Advertising general trends

4 main types of mobile advertising
Messaging (MMS / SMS) Portal ads Sponsored search including LBS Interstitial during content download
Regional overview North America

Sprint, Verizon, Alltel were early with portal ads and sponsored search Virgin and Boost focusing on messaging
Asia Pacific Normally free of charge (but ads may consume the data KB usage) Suppliers
Google and Yahoo are investing heavily A very large number of players are positioning in mobile advertising. All interested groups are converging on the area heavily. The landscape is not settled operators in developed markets are using messaging and portal advertising
Europe
Vodafone, Orange, T-Mobile use messaging and internet models
61
Best of Class 3G Mobile Advertising

MOBILE ADVERTISING Aircross, S.Korea Aircross offers Push tools (SMS, MMS) Pull tools (banners and sponsored search) and Ring-back tones (pre-recorded promotional messages) PORTAL ADVERTISING T-Mobile, UK & Germany Advertisers can provide links and banners on TMobiles web n walk portal, related to various topics such as news, finance, sport, travel, etc. Banners and links in central positions on the display - highly visible to users. Available to all t-zones customers in United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands and Czech Republic
Source: http://www.mobiadnews.com/?p=762
62
Best of Class 3G Mobile Advertising Cont

Sponsored Search Sprint, US Sponsored Search provides the functionality of Microsoft Live Local Search plus sponsorship and advertisement placement. Users get advertisements related to their latest search results displayed on Live Search, and click a link to connect to the service and sales representatives. Ad during download Orange, France Ads are provided while end users are downloading mobile games, between levels or while the game is loading. Incentive - Subscribers can download a game from games publisher at a discount or for free, if they accept advertising within the game. Free to choose more or none - For a period of two months, users can request further details on each brand by initiating a call or opening a WAP session. Or they can click past the ads and continue with the game at any point.
Source: http://blog.searchenginewatch.com/blog/061116-023446
63
Mobile advertising - evaluation

Overall evaluation Immature market now but big potential A key component of other hot services search, social networks, mapping / navigation, music, video Deep understanding of user response/tolerance is essential
Appropriate share of screen real estate. User needs to feel in control Careful use of personal data
Adoption Market forecasts estimate

<$2bn 2007 >$11bn 2011 Source: Informa report
This is still a small part of online advertising

~$400bn long-term
User must get something back free use is the main element Learn new business model & how to be an advertiser.
64
M-commerce by NTT DoCoMo with FeliCa-enabled Handset
65
Mobile Commerce enabled by NFC

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a standard-based, short-range wireless connectivity technology that enables simple and safe two-way interactions between electronic devices Operating at 13.56 MHz and transferring data at up to 424 Kbits/sec NFC mobile can enable applications like payment, transit access, smart posteretc by a simple touch Dozens of deployment underway commercial and trial Standardized by NFC forum, with support from numerous industry players
http://www.nfc-forum.org
66

Mobile Search
67
Mobile search general trends

Discovery of people, places, goods, services and content Underpins all new internet services
Social networking, UGC, music, TV, mapping, navigation, shopping, mobile advertising
Regional overview & adoption North America, Asia Pacific (Japan, Korea) is leading Europe is catching up quickly, with push from Nokia Middle East, Latin America is following
3 main types of mobile search Web Local search (local country) On-device Main search methods SMS Device client Operator portal Mobile web site (e.g. Google) Tariff is normally only the data charges
MEF Figures only 20% of users use mobile search at all only 4% use it weekly or more.
What is it used for?
MEF survey: ringtones, music downloads, sports results, games and news. US survey: maps, weather, local information
68
Search - metrics
69
Best of Class 3G Web search

Google search Various Operators Part of the Google Mobile suite which supports web, mobile web, local contents (12 countries, now integrated with maps) and images. Results pages are (optionally) rendered for a mobile screen. Hits can contain sponsored links. Supports more than 100 languages. Future versions will use on-board GPS to refine local search. It enables local search (local country) and can include sponsored search results and display ads.
Pricing - data plan charges only apply
Yahoo! onesearch Various Operators Search is part of an integrated suite provided by Yahoo! for use across PC, TV and mobile. Uniquely it collates results by category, and promotes those most relevant to the part of the app you were in when the search was launched.
Pricing - data plan charges only apply
70

Mobile Community and Social Networking
71

7 main facilities on social networks Profile pages Groups Self-expression and content creation tools Content sharing Blogs / forums Messaging between members Applications (usually. 3rd parties, e.g. Xmas tree) Tariff is normally only the data charges
Regional overview North America several stand-alone services for dating & picture sharing, but no interconnected deals Asia Pacific strong growth, several large operator community established Europe mobile blogging established, but few large social networks from operators Middle East slow growth, some operator blogging tools. Latin America Vivo offers large-scale chat communities, others offer blogging + photo sharing
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Kink Kommunity 3, UK, Australia
Users post pictures of themselves in order that they can be rated. Offers a chat and messaging facility so that users may stay in touch. Sponsored content offers blogs, news and entertainment in groups across the site.
CyWorld SK Telecom
Allows users to create profiles in the form of a miniroom a decorated virtual house. The mobile client complements traditional access to the service over the web. 1.2m unique users in 2005 and ~2m by the end of 2006. User base is seen as younger than that of rival services such as MySpace Through their advertising position have garnered a higher percentage of female users than most networks. Last year alone, $140m of sales were generated from the virtual goods on offer.
Pricing 1.49 per month for unlimited access or purchase a 24hour pass for only 20p. Charged at standard rates for sending MMS messages.
73

YouTube Vodafone, UK, Italy
Users on Vodafones network in the UK are able to view a selection of the YouTube catalog, Googles giant video sharing service. Accessed through Vodafone Live! users can stream popular videos as well as add their comment and opinion to those they have viewed. Pricing
PAYG 1 per MB used Monthly plan 7.50 with a 120 MB data allowance
BigBlog Telstra, Australia

Telstra BigBlog allows subscribers to keep an online diary (blog) as well as post pictures, messages and movies online.
Light Pay as you go: .AU $0.015 per Kb Occasional AU $5 per month for 1 MB browsing pack Additional usage at AU $0.005 per Kb Frequent AU $8 per month for 3 MB browsing pack Additional usage at AU $0.0026 per Kb Very Frequent AU $16 per month for 10 MB browsing pack Additional usage at AU $0.0020 per Kb Advanced AU $29 per month for 70 MB browsing pack Additional usage at AU $0.0020 per Kb
74
Mobile Community and Social Networking - evaluation

Key component technology - functionality can be used in a variety of apps and services (e.g. a music store). Mobile devices a good tool for these apps
Photo, video, music, messaging, contacts, GPS
Cool brand (e.g Facebook) can help take up Users do not expect to pay to use, but can charge by MMS traffic & advertising Advertising, but keep it balance Risk of legal challenge (e.g. copyright content uploaded) Some communication may shift from voice / SMS One bad privacy scare could cause a backlash
Two main types of service

Developed for mobile - Possibly run by the operator Origin from web, customized for mobile Operator role less clear
Integration to make technology invisible. Users like to feel they have discovered a service (e.g. Facebook), not being sold it
75

3G application development processes, success rules & conclusion
76
Typical 3G apps development flow (simplified)

E2E test (system test, billing test, function test Trouble shooting plan)
Service concepts Driving forces & ideas from engineering, competitors, regulator, vendorsetc
Business case
Vendor evaluation
No new platform required Documentation

Service concept paper Service description paper Business case analysis Project schedule/matrix Migration/roll-back procedures Test plans Service briefing, frontline support Q&A .
Vendor selection
Soft launch
System commissioning
Pricing Packaging Channel issues
System enhancement
Commercial launch
Shall define own processes according to 3G apps objectives Document control important
77
3G apps development common roles & duties

Service planning Monitor service & technology requirement in the market Customer proposition / Business model / Business plan Vendor contact, evaluation & selection Prepare service concept & specification paper Service look & feel Service acceptance Service briefing, customer Q&A Project management Once a service initiative is confirmed, it is the teams job to ensure its roll-out according to time schedule and allocated resource Prepare project schedule Service acceptance test plan Project co-ordination Content development & management Content partner contact & contract management Content specification In-house content development, customization Shall have legal knowledge
Each team clearly understand their roles
78
Inter-team communication
Overseas experience, Market needs, Research result, competitor, vendor input, etc
1. Service Planning stage Future Services Services Planning Marketing Operations Others
Future Services 2. Business plan Approval

Services Concepts
New Services Committee CEO, Marketing, Sr management
Approved Marketing Operations Support Customer Relationship (Marketing) Development Services Planning 4. Services launch stage, go to market 5. Feedback & Customers Division iterative improvements
3. Project Management Services Implementation Marketing Operations Customers Division IS Service Engineering
Customer Communications
CUSTOMER
In 3G, inter-team communication & coordination is more crucial
79
Generic success rules in 3G application business

Application itself
Ease of use
Auto handset configuration (e.g. WAP proxy, MMSC centre address, etc) Manual free
Operator itself
Dont be afraid of exploring new business models
Mobile advertisement, mobile commerce require innovative models
Standardized & sustainable technology

e.g. EMS (Enhanced Messaging) failed
Inter-operability among handsets/carriers/servers (e.g. IOMMS) Simple charging do not confuse the customer Free trial always help let the customer understand the value
Explore handset capability and understand handset penetration Explore & develop different partnerships
E.g. Content esp. branded one become increasing important in 3G apps. So content partners are important.
Encourage sales to promote the service, frontline to support the service

80
Conclusion
3G network is essential for the increasing demand of mobile voice business 3G application business will be more challenging than traditional voice/2G business
Operator shall prepare to adopt new mentality, explore new business models, develop new partnerships. Application development process can be reviewed so that 3G application business can be better managed.
Many 3G applications are successfully deployed in the market. Operators shall choose the set of application according to their own 3G application business strategy 3G residential broadband is successful to deploy in most countries. It is particularly suitable for developing countries in which fixed internet facility is inadequate
81
UMTS Lessons Learned for Vietnam

80-W1564-1 Rev A
Feb 19, 2008
QUALCOMM CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY
Restricted Distribution: Not to be distributed to anyone who is not an employee of either Qualcomm, or a subsidiary of Qualcomm, without the express approval of Qualcomms Configuration Management. Not to be used, copied, reproduced in whole or in part, nor its contents revealed in any manner to others without the express written permission of Qualcomm.
Agenda
3G capabilities and features

3GPP Release 99 and Release 4 3GPP Release 5 3GPP Release 6
3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul
Qualcomm CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY 80-WXXXX-1 Rev X MAY CONTAIN US EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
2
Release 99 and Release 4 Key Features (1)
New WCDMA Radio Interface (UTRAN) (TS23.002)

Minimum impact on the Core Network (adapted pre-Release 99 GSM/GPRS Core Network infrastructure) New type of interface between core and access networks (Iu) the upgrading of the CN signaling to take into account the new capabilities (UMTS: Iu-CS, Iu-PS compared to GSM: A, Gb) FDD and TDD at 3.84 Mcps (on 5MHz carriers) TDD at 1.28 Mcps (on 1.6MHz carriers) introduced in Rel 4
NonAccess Stratum Access Stratum
Circuit-Switched Core Network
Packet-Switched Core Network
UTRA-FDD (WCDMA) Access Network
UTRA-TDD Access Network
GSM/GPRS Access Network
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
3.84 Mcps Option 1.28 Mcps Option
Global System for Mobile Communications / General Packet Radio Service
3
WCDMA Upgrade Path from GSM/GPRS (1)

Before:
4
WCDMA Upgrade Path from GSM/GPRS (2)

After:
5
Code Division Multiple Access

Bonjour Hello Selemat Datang Buenos Dias Guten Tag
Common Frequency Channel
6
Frequency Re-Use CDMA

CDMA uses Frequency Reuse of N=1
TDMA and GSM Systems CDMA Systems
E C D B A G F C B A E G
F C D B
N=7
D E G F C B A E
A F C D B A A A A A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A A
N=1
A A A A
A A A A
Higher Spectrum Efficiency can be achieved with CDMA Interference (from users on the same frequency carrier) needs to be managed in CDMA
7
Power Control in CDMA

Power Control compensates for:
-
Near/Far Problem Path Loss Fading
Increased Power (Fast) Decreased Power
Decreased Power
Increased Power
Decreased Power (Slow)

ualcomm IncreasedQPower CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY
8
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
MAY CONTAIN US EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
Multipath
BSC
Cell
The mobile can adjust for differing path delays and phase shifts of the different multipath arrivals and then combine the arrivals coherently.
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Cell
multipath.emf
Qualcomm CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY MAY CONTAIN US EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION

9
Hard Handover Versus Soft Handover

Hard Handover Soft Handover
FDMA / TDMA / WCDMA (Inter-frequency / Inter-RAT)
WCDMA (Intra-frequency)
Soft Handover reduces Dropped Calls

10

Services as in GSM/GPRS (TS22.105, 22.101)

Voice: GSM EFR/FR/HR, WCDMA AMR (8 codec modes 4.75 to 12.2kbps+SID) PS Data: GPRS (Releases 97, 98) 171 kbps max (TS 05.01), WCDMA 2Mbps max (theory) and typical deployment 384kbps max CS Emergency Call without USIM (IMEI) 911/112 PS Emergency Call not supported yet
GSM/GPRS Interworking (TS21.01)

Idle mode reselection between WCDMA and GSM Connected mode inter-Radio-Access-Technology (inter-RAT) handovers between WCDMA and GSM/GPRS (Typically, CS: handover, PS: cell change) No mapping for CS-64 kbps services (video calls) from WCDMA to GSM
GSM Coverage WCDMA area WCDMA area
11
Inter-RAT
Scenarios for inter-system cell reselection or handover

Leaving contiguous WCDMA coverage, i.e. the border areas of WCDMA and GSM coverage Lack of indoor coverage within WCDMA network, i.e. less coverage depth when compared to that of GSM Load balance between WCDMA and GSM
Note that inter-RAT should not be used to fix pilot pollution or coverage hole problems within WCDMA network!
Triggers for inter-RAT:
CPICH Ec/No and/or RSCP (either or both falling too low)
Compressed Mode is the technique to create idle time gaps for interfrequency or inter-RAT measurements (two main types):

Spreading Factor Reduction - SF/2 (commonly used for AMR and PS data) Higher Layer Scheduling - HLS (for PS data only)
Qualcomm CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
12
Multimedia Telephony (TS23.972,22.101)
Utilizes Circuit-Switched low rate bearer no equivalent service in GSM/GPRS Allows low-cost, real-time, two-way multimedia communications Core protocol: ITU-T H.324/ANNEX C (Multimedia Telephone Terminals Over Error Prone Channels)
13
Location Services over Air Interface (TS22.071, TS23.171 and TS25.305)
Provides the location information of mobile terminal This information can be used for network internal services (i.e., locationassisted handover, traffic and coverage measurements), lawful intercept services, emergency services, and value added services (i.e., looking up the tourist attractions, the closest convenience store, bus stops, nearby sales promotion, finding route to other places, etc.) 3 types of radio location procedures in WCDMA: Cell ID based (Serving cell ID + Round Trip Time)
Supported in Release 99 or later UE measures the difference of Time of Arrival of a reference signal from multiple cells Supported in Release 4 or later Supported in Release 4 or later
OTDOA-IPDL (Observed Time Difference of Arrival Idle Period Downlink)

Network Assisted GPS
14
Release 5 Key Features (1)
High-speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) (TS25.858)
High Speed Data on HS-PDSCHs
HSDPA UEs Node B

15
Changes in HSDPA
16
UMTS Architecture with HSDPA
17
Evolution towards IP
Trend towards All-IP network architecture Provides traffic routing flexibility Increases network efficiency and reduces cost of delivering traffic Release 4 specifies evolution of core network transport to IP (TS29.002, TS29.078, TS29.018 & TS29.016) Architecture defined by SIGTRAN in IETF (Internet Engineering Taskforce) Signaling (e.g. MAP, CAP, BSSAP+) over IP Release 5 specifies evolution of UTRAN transport to IP (TS25.933) IPv6 mandatory and IPv4 optional (dual stack recommended) Interworking with R99, Rel 4 and Rel 5 ATM transport networks
18

IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
(TS22.228, TS23.228 & TS23.218)
Comprises all CN elements for provision of multimedia services - signalling and bearer related network elements as defined in TS 23.002 Open architecture and platforms based on the IETF Internet Standards conformant interfaces and protocol (i.e., SIP Session Initiation Protocol) Access independence (i.e., UTRAN or GERAN) Interoperation with wireline terminals in PSTN across the Internet Utilizes the PS domain for the transport of signaling and bearer traffic
19
HSUPA (TS25.309 and TS25.896)
DCH E-DP
E-DPDCH
E-DP
Node B

DCH
Set of high speed channels is received at the Node B. Interference is shared by multiple users. Several users may be allowed to transmit at given data rate and power on a fast scheduling. Advantages: Higher Peak Data Rate in Uplink Enable new services and improve user perception Improved Uplink Coverage for higher Data Rates Improved Uplink Cell Capacity Reduced Latency Fast Scheduling and Resource Control Increase resource utilization and efficiency
20
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Release 99 UL DCH
Minimum TTI of 10 ms
HSUPA
Smaller TTI of 2 ms
Slow UL rate switching (RNC based)
Fast UL data rate control in the Node B Improved Cell Capacity Higher Peak Data Rates Reduced Latency
Improved Physical Layer performance through HARQ
Dedicated resource allocation that could not be used efficiently
Dedicated resource allocation for latency sensitive applications
Improved QoS Support Faster Resource Control
Slow mechanism to request resources
Fast mechanism to request UL resources
Multiplexing of transport channels at Physical Layer

80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Multiplexing of logical New at Q u a l c o m m Cchannels ONFIDEN T IMAC A L Alayer N D P R O P R I E T A Transport RY MAY CONTAIN US EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION Channel
New Physical Channels 21
UMTS Architecture with HSUPA
22
QoS for PS Domain (TS23.207)

Provides the framework for end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) Describes the interaction between the TE/MT Local Bearer Service, the GPRS Bearer Service, and the External Bearer Service, and how these together provide Quality of Service for the End-to-End Service Describes IP level mechanisms necessary in providing end-to-end Quality of Service involving GPRS networks, including possible interaction between the IP level and the GPRS level, as well as the application level and the IP level
GPRS TE MT UTRAN/ GERAN CNIu EDGE NODE CN Gateway TE
End-to-End Service
TE/MT Local Bearer Service
GPRS UMTS Bearer Service
External Bearer Service CN Bearer Service
Radio Access Bearer
Radio Bearer Service
Iu Bearer Service
Backbone Bearer Service
Physical Radio Service
Physical Bearer Service
23
Quality of Service Traffic Classes

3GPP
QoS architecture defines only for UMTS Bearer Service and Radio Access Bearer Service a set of QoS attributes.
One of them is the Traffic class. There are four defined QoS Traffic classes, and the main distinguishing factors between them are:

Delay sensitivity and Error tolerance

Conversational
Traffic class
Streaming
Interactive
Background
Delay sensitive (stringent and very low delay, low jitter) Typically error tolerant
Typically unidirectional Delay sensitive (low delay and jitter) Low error tolerant
Request response pattern Preserve payload content (Error sensitive)
Destination is not expecting the data within a certain time Preserve payload content (Error sensitive)
Fundamental characteristics
Real-time Example of typical application VoIP, PSVT, Real-time gaming Streaming audio and video Web browsing
Non real-time FTP, Email
24
Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) (TS22.146, 22.246, 23.246, 25.346, 26.346)
FACH on SCCPCH
Node B
Unidirectional Point-to-Multipoint bearer service: allows single source entity to be transmitted to multiple recipients. It is intended to efficiently use radio/network resource, i.e. data is transmitted over a common radio channel. Two MBMS bearer service modes: Broadcast more than the low bit rate Cell Broadcast Service (CBS) but can also carry
multimedia data like voice, video, etc. There is no specific requirement to activate or subscribe to the MBMS in broadcast mode. Probably not charged and cannot guarantee reliable data reception.
Multicast requires subscription to the multicast subscription group and then the user joining
the corresponding multicast group. Probably charged based on subscriptions. Inter-operable with IETF IP Multicast but with radio/network resources sharing in 3gpp multicast mode.
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
25
Agenda

3G capabilities and features 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data

Release 99 Release 5 HSDPA (PS) Release 6 HSUPA (PS)
3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul
26
WCDMA R99 Capacity
Cell throughput / capacity depends on a few factors:

DL Transmit power Available DL OVSF codes UL rise over thermal (interference) Number of available channel elements Backhaul and network equipment capacity limitation
Under perfect RF conditions, maximum cell throughput / capacity can be estimated based on OVSF code limitation
However, it is not easy to predict the typical cell throughput / capacity of WCDMA system, except through detailed simulations or field measurements
27
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
WCDMA R99 Capacity Estimation

Target BLER [%]
Service
Data Rate [kb/s]
Max. DPCH Power [dBm] [Watt]
Capacity[1] [users]
Coverage[2] [radius] [area]
AMR CS CS PS PS PS PS
12.2 64 128 64 128 144 384
1% 1% 1% 5% 5% 5% 5%
31.5 36 36 36.5 37 37 37
1.4 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0
10.7 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.0
101% 96% 86% 100% 91% 88% 67%
103% 91% 75% 100% 84% 77% 45%
[1] The given capacity reflects a worst case scenario with all users located at the cell edge. [2] Indicates the relative coverage with respect to the CPICH.
28
UE Categories
HSDPA
Category Single User Peak Rate
HSUPA
E-DCH Category Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Category 6 TTI Single User Peak rate for TTI = 10 ms* 711 kbps 1448 kbps 1448 kbps 2000 kbps 2000 kbps 2000 kbps Single User Peak rate for TTI = 2 ms -1448 kbps -2886 kbps -5742 kbps
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11* 12*
1.2 Mbps 1.2 Mbps 1.8 Mbps 1.8 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 10.1 Mbps 14.0 Mbps 0.9 Mbps 1.8 Mbps
10 ms 2 & 10 ms 10 ms 2 & 10 ms 10 ms 2 & 10 ms
* No 16-QAM Modulation
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
* Maximum Peak data rate for 10 ms E-DCH TTI operation is 2 Mbps in all configurations
29
Receiver Types in 3GPP
Latest HSPA devices (such as Cat 6 and Cat 8) are also equipped with advanced receivers (Type 2, 3, etc.) which have improved reception performance compared to conventional RAKE (Type 0) receiver employed commonly in R99 devices Due to the enhancement in signal-to-interference ratio, higher throughput and capacity become possible Dynamic switching between different receiver types can be implemented to adapt to different radio environment, i.e., Type 1 / 3 switching, etc.
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
30
Maximum HSDPA Single User Throughput

Assuming 100% scheduling and 0% SBLER, the maximum HSDPA single user throughput can be calculated as follows:
1. 3gpp Max phy layer 2. UTRAN Max phy layer 3. RLC throughput 4. Remove TCP/IP headers
0.00 1.00
7.21 1.82 3.65 7.08 1.72 3.58 6.72 1.60 3.36 6.51 1.55 3.26
2.00
Cat 12 TP (Mbps)
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
Cat 6 TP (Mbps)
Cat 8 TP (Mbps)
31
Max HSDPA Cell Throughput with 10MHz Spectrum (Downlink)
Cat 12

No CDM with 5 HS-PDSCHs Sufficient DL power, backhaul and other network resources Maximum TBS selected for all users Maximum Cell Throughput = 1.60Mbps * 2 = 3.20 Mbps No CDM with 5 HS-PDSCHs Sufficient DL power, backhaul and other network resources Maximum TBS selected for all users Maximum Cell Throughput = 3.36Mbps * 2 = 6.72Mbps CDM with 2 users, One with 10 HS-PDSCHs Two with 5 HS-PDSCHs each Sufficient DL power, backhaul and other network resources Maximum TBS selected for all users Maximum Cell Throughput = max(6.72, 2 x 3.36) * 2 = 13.44 Mbps
32
Cat 6

Cat 8
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Simulated HSDPA Cell Throughput with 10MHz Spectrum (Downlink)
Cell throughput numbers shown in the table below take a factor of 2 because of 10MHz spectrum # of HSSCCH 1 1 1 # of HSPDSCH 5 5 10 Surrounding Cell Loading 50% 50% 50% HSDPA Power 80% 80% 80% Cell Throughput [Mbps] 1.27 * 2 = 2.54 1.69 * 2 = 3.38 2.55 * 2 = 5.10
UE Category 12 6 8
33
Data Rate Comparison with 10MHz Spectrum (Downlink)

Technology Max Single User Throughput [Mbps] WCDMA R99 HSDPA Cat 12
5 Codes 1 HS-SCCH
Typical Single User Throughput [Mbps] 0.346 0.80 (Project A, CQI=12.8, Rake)
Max Cell Throughput with 2 x 5MHz [Mbps] 5.38 3.20
Typical Cell Throughput with 2 x 5MHz [Mbps] 3 * 0.384 * 0.9 * 2 = 2.07 1.12 (Project A stationary but mixed RF, Rake) * 2 = 2.24 2.54 (Simulation)
0.384 1.60
HSDPA Cat 6
5 Codes 1 HS-SCCH
3.36
1.31 (Project A, CQI=17, EQ) 1.21 (Project C, CQI=17, EQ)
6.72
1.83 (Project A stationary but mixed RF, EQ) * 2 = 3.66 2.2 (Project F, Multiple Locations, EQ) * 2 = 4.4 3.38 (Simulation)
HSDPA Cat 8
10 Codes 1 HS-SCCH
6.72
1.87 (Project C, CQI=20.5) 2.32 (Project G, CQI=11.2, EQ only)
13.44
3.04 (Project G - mobility with EQ only) * 2 = 6.08 4.26 (Project G - mobility with EQ+RxD) * 2 = 8.52 5.10 (Simulation)
3.28 (Project G, Q u CQI=14, a l c o m m EQ+RxD) CONFIDENTIAL

80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
AND PROPRIETARY
34
Downlink Single User Throughput

7000 6000 5000
33 60 32 80 67 20
GSM CSD
HSCSD
GPRS
4000 3000
EDGE
13 10
2000
47 3.6 38 4
16 00
WCDMA R99 (Type 0 Receiver) HSDPA Cat 12 (Type 0 Receiver) HSDPA Cat 6 (Type 0/2 Receiver) HSDPA Cat 8 (Type 1/3 Receiver)
35
57 .6
9.6
9.6
28 .8
0
Max DL Single User Throughput [kbps]
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Typical DL Single User Throughput [kbps]
48
89 .6
16 0
34 6
1000
80 0
Downlink Cell Throughput with 10MHz Spectrum

14000 12000
HSCSD
85 2 0 13 4 40
GSM CSD
10000
67 20
GPRS
8000 6000
23 09 53 80
EDGE
0
4000
78 0 56 2
WCDMA R99 (Type 0 Receiver) HSDPA Cat 12 (Type 0 Receiver) HSDPA Cat 6 (Type 0/2 Receiver)
32 0
70
27 0
27 0
0 Max DL Cell Typical DL Cell Throughput [kbps] Throughput [kbps]

37
46
87
2000
20
22
40
36 6
HSDPA Cat 8 (Type 1/3 Receiver)

36
Maximum HSUPA Single User Throughput

Application layer throughput depends on implementation as well as protocols involved. Assuming 100% scheduling, we can achieve:
1. 3gpp Max phy layer 2. UTRAN Max phy layer 3. RLC throughput 4. Consider 1% SBLER 5. Remove TCP/IP headers
1.45 1.45 1.38
2.00 1.99 1.89 1.87
1.36
1.81
1.32
1.6
1.27
Field application layer throughput using FTP
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Cat 3 TP (Mbps) Cat 5 TP (Mbps)

37
Measured HSUPA Single User Throughput (Cat 3)

Mobility Ec/No [dB] UE TX Power [dBm] L1 Data Rate [kbps] FTP Throughput [kbps] Average UL BLER [%] Mobility
0.35 SG bits TBS 0.3
Near Cell -4.2 -2.7 1343 1182 1.9

L1 Data Rate [kbps]
2000 1500 1000 500 0 50 100 80 BLER [%]
Near Cell
HSUPA L1 Data Rate
-6.6 -12.6 992 892 4.1
60
80 90 100 110 Elapsed Time [sec] Average BLER (blue) and Residual BLER (red)
70
120
130 5 4 3 2 1 Residual BLER [%]
HSUPA Transport Block Size distribution
60 40 20 0 50 0 60 20 70 40 80 60 90 80 100 Elapsed Time [sec] 100 110 120 120
0 130 140
0.25
BLER
0.2 pdf
Res BLER
0.15
0.1
0.05
Peak Throughput (1.45 Mbps with 2xSF4)

5000 TBS [bits] 10000 15000
0 0

38
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
HSUPA Simulated Average Cell Throughput with 5MHz Spectrum
RoT target of 7 to 8dB provides an average sector throughput of 700 to 800kbps in a uniformly-loaded system
39
HSUPA Measured Cell Throughput with 5MHz Spectrum

Field test conditions:

3 HSUPA test UEs doing big file uploads No other user traffic
40
Agenda

3G capabilities and features 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul

Air-interface Backhaul
41
Network dimensioning questions (1 of 5)
How many 3G subscribers do you forecast? Determines the traffic capacity requirement How are these subscribers spread over the area? and the geographical user density (traffic demand)
Phase 1 2 3
Total GSM subscriber count 10M
Expected UMTS subscriber count 2.5M 5.0M 10.0M
Scaling factor 0.25 0.50 1.00
42
What services do you offer to subscribers? Maps to different radio bearers and channels and determines the quality of service requirements (per radio bearer) Voice: AMR Video Telephony: CS64 Internet access: PS (PS64/128/144/384/HSPA) Ring-tone / video clip download: PS (PS64/128/144/384/HSPA) Video streaming: PS streaming (interactive or streaming RAB)
What quality of service do you expect? What is the target service blocking probability for each service? For capacity planning What is the acceptable performance target for each service? Maximum decoding error rate can be translated to Eb/Nt requirements in the link budget Linked to end-user experiences
43
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
What is the expected service usage for an average subscriber? Determines the average user traffic profile
Average User Profile Terminal Busy hour traffic per User Calls/hour Duration (sec.) DL Volume (kBytes) UL Volume (kBytes) PS data PDA 120 kBytes (DL) 30 kBytes (UL) 0.2 480 120
DL traffic UL traffic
Voice Mobile Phone 20 mErl 1 90
Video Conferencing PDA 1 mErl 1 30
Total PS traffic
150
kBytes@BH
80% 20%
120 30 DL volume [kbytes] 36 36 36 12
kBytes@BH kBytes@BH UL volume [kbytes] 9 9 9 3 30

44
PS traffic distribution % PS64 30% PS128 30% PS384 30% HSDPA 10%
DL [%] 24% 24% 24% 8%
UL [%] 6% 6% 6% 2% total
120
How big is your network service area? Do you have different coverage requirements for different services? Determines the coverage requirements and also resource planning AMR should have 100% coverage over the intended 3G service area CS64 may require 100% coverage over the intended 3G service area depending on the operators marketing strategy (to differentiate 3G from 2G based on Video Telephony, etc.) PS should have 100% coverage over the intended 3G service area but high data rate may not be mandatory in some places, i.e., cell edge, network edge. Channel rate/type switching can be exploited to provide contiguous PS coverage at varying data rate. Indoor coverage may not be required in some remote areas. What equipment do you use? Node B configuration, antenna system, cable connections, backhaul, etc. Determines the main components in the link budget for coverage dimensioning as well as capacity dimensioning.
45
What are the appropriate propagation models for planning? Path loss, coverage probability, slow fading, fast fading, soft handover gain, building/vehicle penetration loss, etc. Together with other information, we can determine the link budget and therefore work out the cell radius How much spectrum do you plan to use? Needs to work out the frequency plan for future expansion How many 5MHz frequency carriers can you deploy? Start with 1 or 2 frequency carriers? Do we need a separate frequency carrier for in-building systems? Do we need a separate frequency carrier for HSDPA? How do you handle traffic distribution on multiple frequency carriers? Would you consider multi-band operation such as UMTS2100 and UMTS900? Are multi-band UMTS devices commercially available?
46
The approach to Network Dimensioning
Answering the questions listed in the previous few slides can help identify: Coverage requirements Capacity requirements Quality of Services requirements Equipment features Propagation models Spectrum available Proper dimensioning would ensure: Coverage > intended service area requirements Traffic demand < min Capacity (Air-interface, Radio Access Network, Backhaul, Core Network, Gateway, etc.) Focus is typically on the Air-Interface because both coverage and capacity are inter-related in WCDMA systems. Other parts are typically slightly over-dimensioned so the bottleneck occurs at the air-interface part to ensure efficient spectrum utilization
47
End-to-End Capacity Dimensioning
48
Spectrum Usage
Shall we go for shared or dedicated frequency carrier for HSPA? What are the requirements on (peak / average) single user throughput and average sector throughput? How much R99 traffic is loaded on the existing frequency carrier? Dedicated frequency carrier allows all PA power reserved for HSDPA maximizing the HS data rate and also less impact on R99 traffic
49
Importance of Pilot Dominance (1 of 2)
HSDPA does not support soft handover, and therefore having multiple good serving cells will not help! UE still has an active set but receives HSDPA transmissions from only one cell (which should be the best serving cell) Optimized R99 system may not necessarily provide good HS performance even when HSDPA is deployed 1:1 with R99 Pilot dominance is the key to satisfactory HSDPA performance
RNC
Iub
R99 DPCHs
HS -PD SC H
Cell A
HS-DSCH serving cell
Cell B
s HSSCC Hs HSDPC et CH
50
Importance of Pilot Dominance (2 of 2)
HSUPA supports soft handover, but it takes up additional network resources when there are multiple E-DCH cells in the E-DCH active set
51
AC K
3gpp specs require that HSUPA serving cell and HSDPA serving cell should be identical HSUPA E-DCH active set is a subset of the DPCH active set Single dominant pilot coverage Node B reduces network resources usage, and unnecessary noise rise (and thus higher capacity)
3dTower.emf
E-DCH cells part of the Active Set
3dTower.emf
Node B
DA TA
K NA
TA DA
Power Amplifier Upgrade
Shall we go for higher power class power amplifier? Does increased PA power correspond to downlink capacity gain? How much downlink capacity gain can we obtain? If there is only single user in the system, the increased PA power can directly improve the HS performance. When every cell/sector is upgraded to higher power PA, the overall interference level goes up in similar fashion depending on the traffic loading distribution
UE Type Neighbor Cell Load 0% Cat.12 40% 100% 0% Cat.8 40% 100% Average Application Throughput Gain from 20 W to 40 W 6.3% 7.4% 0.2% 33.5% 10.7% 0.3%
Significant gain in isolated cell (i.e. indoor)
52
OVSF Code Usage
3GPP Rel. 6 introduces F-DPCH which allows multiple HSDPA UEs to share one DPCH which occupies less OVSF code tree space.
53
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
HSDPA Link Budget Analysis
HSDPA downlink budget specifies the peak cell edge data rate
For Release 5 UEs, Release 99 uplink link budget employed to determine downlink path loss to cell edge Depends on limiting service in Release 99 design For Release 6 UEs, Release 6 HSUPA uplink link budget should be compared with Release 5 HSDPA downlink link budget to determine which is the limiting link (depending on the traffic assumptions)
54
HSDPA Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Achieved Data Rate

Data rate variation with Ec/Nt considers modulation, effective code rate, and encoder packet size Static channel conditions
55
HSDPA Link Budget Example

UL Path Loss from UL WCDMA Network Design Overhead Channels (C-PICH, P-CCPCH, S-CCPCH) %Power allocated to HSDPA Operating margin Interference factor Ioc/or at cell edge Orthogonality Factor BTS Antenna Gain BTS Cable losses Body loss BTS Tx Power (dBm) UE Noise Figure UE Antenna Gain Thermal noise density Total HS Ec/Ior HS-SCCH Ec/Ior number of HS-SCCH Available HS-DPSCH Ec/Ior Max. Ec/Nt @ cell edge Max PHY data-rate(kbps) @ cell edge Max MAC data-rate(kbps) @ cell edge 118.4 dB a
20% 100% 1.3 dB 1 dB 60.00% 18.0 dBi 3.0 dB 0 dB 43.0 dBm 8.0 dB 0.0 dB -173.8 dBm/Hz -1.0 dB -11.0 dB 1 -1.4 dB -2.8 dB 900 630 10*LOG((10^((k+o)/10)*0.001-10^((k+p)/10)*0.001*q)/0.001)-k (k+r-a)-(10*LOG(10^(((k+e-a))/10)+10^((n+10*LOG(3840000)+l)/10)+(1f)*10^((((10*LOG(((10^(k/10)*0.001))*(1-10^(r/10))/0.001)))-a)/10))) Look-up of achievable rate and Ec/Nt mapping table User throughput taking into account the re-transmission rate (SPER 30%) 10*LOG((1-b)*c) 100% of remaining power (after deducting the overhead channels) SPER = 30%
b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s
56
HSUPA Link Budget
For HSUPA, given its unique coding structure and its high peak rates, several factors need special attention:

Required Eb/Nt Rise-over-Thermal (ROT) target Peak-to-Average-Ratio (PAR) and Maximum-Power-Reduction (MPR)
57
HSUPA Link Budget Example

HSUPA 990 kbps
A B C D E F H I J K L M N1 N2 O P Q R UE Maximum Transmit Power Maximum Power Reduction, MPR Mobile EIRP thermal noise density=kT Information rate Receiver Noise Figure Target Loading Target Rise over Thermal Adjustment Factor Required Eb/Nt Node B Rx Sensitivity Rx Antenna Gain - Cable losses Cell Edge Confidence Standard Deviation Log normal fading margin Handover gain Propagation components Maximum Allowable Path Loss 80-WXXXX-1 Rev X 21 0.5 20.5 -174.0 60.0 5.0 80% 7.0 3.5 6.8 -98.7 14.0 90% 8.0 -10.3 4.1 -26.2 dB dB dB dBm dB N/A dB dB dB dB dBm dB dBm dBm/Hz dB-Hz dB
HSUPA 60 kbps
21 2.5 18.5 -174.0 47.8 5.0 80% 7.0 0.2 4.10 -110.2 14.0 90% 8.0 -10.3 4.1 -26.2 dB dB dB dBm dB N/A dB dB dB dB dBm dB dBm dBm/Hz dB-Hz dB
comments Class 4 UE input =A-B
=10*log10(Rate) Input Input =-10*log10(1-H) Input Input =D+E+F+I+K-J input Input Input =norminv(N1,0,N2) =sqrt(norminv(N1,0,N2)-norminv(1-sqrt(1N1),0,N2))*1.6-(8-N2)/10 = O+P+BodyLoss+PenetrationLoss
107.0 dB 116.5 dB =C-L+M+Q Qualcomm CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY MAY CONTAIN US EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION
58
Dimensioning for UMTS Traffic

Erlang B dimensioning is highly applicable to circuit switched single service applications. UMTS offers multiple, coexistent circuit, and packet switched services. Concurrent circuit switched data can be modeled using Erlang B by linear interpolation.
Multi-RAB Erlang Mix
Supported CS64 and AMR Users

7 6 5
# of CS64 Subs
CS64 Erlangs
4 3 2 1 0
0 0 5 10 15 20 25
AMR Erlangs
30
35
40
45
50
PS_0kbps
Operating Points
0 10 20 30
# of AMR Subs
(GoS=2%)
40 50 60 70
PS_0kbps
59
Release 99 Multi-Service Dimensioning

Supported AMR and CS64 Erlangs for different Release 99 PS loading.
3
Multi-RAB Erlang Mix

Cell Capability AMR CS64 PS Max # of Subs 60 6 800 GOS 2.0% 2.0% kbps Max Erl Supported 49.6 2.3 per-cell max
CS64 Erlangs
0 0
PS_0kbps PS_600kbps
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
5
PS_100kbps PS_700kbps
10
PS_200kbps PS_800kbps
15
AMR Erlangs
20
PS_300kbps PS_900kbps PS_400kbps
25
PS_500kbps
30

60
Backhaul Transmission Options
Backhaul transmission can use different connectivity options:
E1: 2.048 Mbps with 32 time slots of 64kbps Leased lines, microwave links, satellites T1: 1.544 Mbps with 24 time slots of 64kbps Leased lines, microwave links, satellites IP-based transport: flexible bandwidth Metro-Ethernet, WiMax, xDSL, and cable technologies
61
E1/T1 or IP transport?
Deciding between E1/T1 or IP transport method:
E1/T1 can provide stable timing signals from primary reference source (PRS) to calibrate the Node Bs internal oscillators, but the backhaul capacity can only be expanded in steps of 2Mbps (for E1) or 1.5 Mbps (for T1) IP transport allows statistical multiplexing and sharing resulting in higher efficiency and scalability. High capacity can be provided more cost efficiently through different mediums such as Ethernet (10/100/1000/10000 Mbps). However, synchronization may become an issue: High-quality embedded clock or GPS-based receiver or at least a single E1/T1 or alternative timing (i.e., synchronous Ethernet or Pseudowire) may be needed at each Node B. GSM and UMTS requires synchronization clock frequency accuracy of 50 parts per billion (ppb) over the 10-year service life of the equipment; otherwise, handover performance may degrade. Pricing between the two options can vary in different countries depending on the availability of existing infrastructure.
62
Backhaul Dimensioning (1 of 3)
Backhaul dimensioning should take into considerations: Maximum bandwidth requirement, i.e., during Busy Hour Average bandwidth requirement Statistical distribution of bandwidth requirement Iub flow control and RNC buffer Means of backhaul transport available and the bandwidth that can be offered Minimum HS data rate per user and maximum # of HS users per cell Bandwidth information can be obtained by: Traffic modeling in network planning tool Extrapolation based on current 2 and/or 2.5G systems Market research studies Backhaul transport options should be consulted with infrastructure vendors regarding specific design.
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
63
User Traffic Channels (considering SHO) Control Channels Signaling Overheads Backhaul
Backhaul bandwidth calculation should consider:

Desired carried traffic volume on DCH Soft handover factor System common control channels: PCH, RACH, FACH, BCH Signaling overheads
64
Things to monitor for backhaul expansion: Backhaul utilization Getting close to max limit of the existing links? Note that the effective data payload throughput is lower than the quoted link data rate (< 2Mbps for each E1 and < 1.5Mbps for each T1) For example, E1 typically uses 2 time slots for framing, alarm, signaling, and there are other overheads for common channels and BSC synchronization, NBAP and ATM signaling
Node B Scheduling % Node B scheduling drops well below 90%? Node B running out of data from RNC?
65
ATM-based Backhaul Illustration

On-Demand AAL2 Logical Link Connections (LLC) i.e., Radio Access Bearers
Virtual Channel Virtual Path NBAP & ALCAP using AAL5 Timing and Sync using AAL0
Backhaul i.e., E1/T1
66
Iub Overheads
Iub overheads need to be estimated for backhaul dimensioning

Node B timing and synchronization Node B element management signaling NBAP signaling Common control channels ALCAP signaling for setting up transport bearers RRC+ NAS signaling Frame Protocol (FP) overheads ATM/AAL2 multiplexing overheads RLC AM retransmissions Flow control signaling overheads between RNC and Node B
67
Iub Dimensioning Algorithm

Link-level simulator or planning tool
68
Factors for Core Network Dimensioning
Traffic volume Amount of AMR, CS, R99 PS, and HS traffic Call traffic pattern # of call setups, paging (Idle -> Cell_DCH) # of RRC state transitions (Cell_DCH <-> Cell_FACH / Cell_PCH / URA_PCH) User mobility Handover activity (# of Active Set Updates) HS serving cell changes (# of physical layer reconfigurations) RNC boundaries (Inter-RNC cell reselection/handovers result in additional overheads such as location area update, SRNC and DRNC arrangements, etc.) Equipment capability # of cells / Node Bs supported per RNC # of physical ports Rack configuration ATM or IP based + others
69
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Core Network Dimensioning with HSPA
Traffic volume Increase loading on PS domain (SGSN, GGSN, etc.) Call traffic pattern Different call traffic behavior with HS users More data users will result in more RRC state transitions (Cell_DCH <-> Cell_FACH / Cell_PCH / URA_PCH) User mobility Handover/ASU per user stays the same # of reconfigurations increases because of HS cell changes Inter-RNC HS cell changes may not be supported, but if supported, SRNC and DRNC arrangements would cause significant overheads (on Iur) without SRNS relocation There may be more inter-RNC activity due to additional cell loading from HS traffic which results in smaller RNC area Equipment capability # of cells will increase if dedicated carrier is used for HS traffic Higher PS data traffic requires more core network bandwidth probably taking more physical ports
70
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X
Agenda
3G 3G 3G
capabilities and features capacity on AMR voice and PS data dimensioning on air interface and backhaul
71
Conclusions
WCDMA provides a great set of features and capabilities for delivering rich multimedia and advanced services to customers
WCDMA provides great capacity benefits compared to 2G and 2.5G technologies, especially with the advanced receivers in latest chipsets
WCDMA dimensioning requires good understanding of the 3G CDMA technology concepts and product specifications
Network dimensioning should take into consideration the entire data path not only just the air-interface part but also the backhaul and the core network
72
80-WXXXX-1 Rev X

3G VN WCDMA Workshop - Qualcomm

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INNOVATION EXECUTION PARTNERSHIP

3GPP Technology Evolutional Roadmap

A Well Established Mobile Broadband Evolution Path

All-IP Services Broadband downloads Rel-99 Rel-5 (HSDPA)

HSPA Evolved (HSPA+)

DL: up to 278 Mbps peak3 UL: up to 85 Mbps peak3

Higher data rates

Enhanced services and applications

Higher data rates

Enhanced services and applications

HSDPA for Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband Coverage

Allows a smooth deployment and migration

> 900 kbps

> 760 kbps

> 660 kbps

> 630 kbps1

HSDPA and R99 on same WCDMA carrier

Higher data rates

Enhanced services and applications

HSPA: Features and Technical Advantages

1450 kbps 800 kbps

HSUPA mode vastly improves the uplink performance

Enhanced application performance

Round Trip Delay: Ping Latency 2

HSPA: Significantly Higher Data Capacity

Higher data rates

Enhanced services and applications

HSPA+ Feature Summary

Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)

* Standards Independent feature

Backward Compatibility Enables Easy Upgrade

Cost Effective Upgrade For Ubiquitous Coverage

Fast Time To Market With A Proven Technology

Mainly SW upgrade to NodeB

New backward compatible HSPA+ devices

PP Continues to Evolve as Leading IP WWAN

Coexistence of HSPA+ and LTE

HSPA+ = Deployments in existing, re-farmed and new 5 MHz Carriers

LTE = Deployments in wider carrier bandwidths up to 20MHz

Long Term Evolution (LTE)

Flexible bandwidth usage for TDD and FDD Modes

High peak data rates

* 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 64 QAM 1 TX stream in UL

LTE: Interoperable With Existing 2G/3G Networks

GPRS Core Network

EPS Access Gateway

Other Radio Technologies (e.g. WLAN)

Dual-Mode Phones provide seamless mobility

LTE Complements Existing HSPA Networks

HSPA/HSPA+ Phase 1 LTE Phase 2 LTE LTE

LTE Allows Flexible Spectrum Usage

1.25 2.5 MHz* MHz*

Better performance for wider bandwidths

Support for FDD and TDD operating modes

Data Capacity on LTE

Rel6 baseline (RxDiv+RAKE)

Rel7 HSPA+ (2x2 MIMO)

LTE 2x2 MU-MIMO

LTE 1x4 SIMO

LTE 4x4 MU-MIMO

PP Evolution Offers Industry Leading Mobile Broadband Capabilities