ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV Chapter 1 Applications of Television 1-1 a. b. c. 1-2 a. b. c. d. The vidicon is a camera tube.

The chroma subcarrier signal frequency is 3.58 MHz. The frequency in TV channel 2 broadcast is 54 !" MHz. The ma imum beam current in the picture tube is for #hite in the picture. 2-17 a. b. c. "hat is the aspect ration for a TV picture# 433 The picture carrier signal is 4M. The sound carrier signal is +M A picture tube is similar to a loudspeaker. The two Baseband signals are video and audio. Video signals have a higher frequency compared to audio signals. 2-2 a. b. c. "hat is the width of TV broadcast channel# ! MHz "hat is the intercarrier sound frequency# 4.5 MHz "hat is the ma imum frequency deviation for the ,5 sound signal# /5 kHz 2-/ a. b. 5ore video signal increases the contrast. The average screen illumination is its brightness.

1-! "hat are the abbreviations for the following types of equipment# a. $pecial-effects generator. $%& b. $tudio-transmitter lin%. $'( c. &lectronic newsgathering. %)& 1-' a. b. 1-* a. b. c. 1-+ a. b. c. 1-. a. b. 1-/ c. d. 1-2 a. b. c. The ,lybac% high voltage depends on horizontal scanning. A,) is used for horizontal s-nchronization. )hannel 1' is a .H+ channel. A modern unit has two functions0 modulation and demodulation. ' The A$)11 code uses 12/ combinations of. bits for alphanumeric information. ' The channel ! signal is a modulated ,+ signal. The ma imum (, signal at the antenna input terminals from a video game is 3 mV. +acsimile is an e ample of slow-scan TV. ,acsimile pictures generate low video frequency- compared with those for TV broadcasting. ' An infrared vidicon camera tube can show difference of temperature in the scene. ' TV channel receiver set for cable input in a !+-channel system is 3*4 or !. The head end feed the trunk. The line drop is at the subscriber branch. (otating heads increase the writing speed for video recording. ' The type ) video recorder produces two slanted trac%s on the tape for each picture field. '

Chapter 3 Television Cameras !-1 a. b. c. !-2 a. b. !-! a. b. c. d. !-' a. b. !-* a. b. !-+ a. b. c. d. !-. a. b. c. !-/ a. !-2 a. b. c. d. !-17 a. b. c. The $&9 can also be used as s production s#itcher. )VB$ means composite video* burst and s-nc. )ommercial movie film is run at /4 9ilm 9rames per second for TV. &en (ock is used to synchroni6e multiple cameras. A low f stop rating allow more light. The depth-of-field is improved with a higher f stop. To how many lu units is the illumination of ! fc appro imately equal# 3" The hori6ontal scanning with and the linearity affect the color video signal in single tube color pick up. The gamma required for the camera tube is ".4545. 9amma correction is more important for color 'V. "hite is stretched by the picture tube. 7ichroic mirrors are more efficient than optical filters for separating red- green- and blue light. 7-namic $hading corrects for optical effects in the light splitter. $tatic shading corrects for non-uniform dar% currents. 8hite balance is necessary for color cameras. The typical target voltage is more than 5" V. 6eam alignment is similar to centering of the electron beam. The target of the $aticon is not constructed in the same way as that of the 8lumbicon. The use of bias lighting in $aticon reduces the image lag. The signal variations are produced by the target plate. The photoconductive layer have less resistance increasing light. The dar% current is chec%ed when the lens cap is on. 1mage lag is a problem of the target plate. with The diameter of the vidicon image plate is about /53* 1 or 1./ inch. The plumbicon camera tube uses a lead o0ide target plate. The lens inverts the optical image on the faceplate of the camera tube. The composite video signal includes the camera signal- signal and blan%ing. The standard composite video signal from a camera is 1 Vp p with negative sync.

Chapter / The Television Picture 2-1 a. b. c. 2-2 a. b. 2-! a. b. 2-' a. b. 2-* a. b. c. 2-+ a. b. 2-. a. b. c. The 2 luminance is for blac%-and-white picture information. The chrominance signal for color is 3.58 MHz. The chrominance signal includes red- green- and blue picture information. "hat is the frequency of hori6ontal synchroni6ing pulses for every line- in hert6# 15*15" Hz. "hat is the frequency of vertical synchroni6ing pulses for every field# !" Hz "hat is the hori6ontal scanning frequency in hert6# 1515" Hz. "hat is the time for scanning one hori6ontal line in one second# !3.5 s. "hat is the vertical field-scanning frequency- in hert6# !" Hz. 4ow many scanning fields are there in one picture frame# / 4ow many fields are scanned in one second# !" 5otion is shown by a rapid succession of still pictures. ' +licker results when the screen is made alternately bright and dar%. 4ow many complete picture frames are scanned in 1 sec# 3" 4ow many scanning lines are there 1n one frame# 5/5 3ne picture element is a pi0el. A still picture has many pi els- ' The position of a picture element is important in the reproduction.

Chapter 4 Picture Tubes '-1 a. b. c. '-2 a. b. '-! a. The phosphor numbers for monochrome is ;4 and for color picture tubes is ;//. Typical anode voltage for a 2*-in color picture tube is 3" kV. Typical anode capacitance is /""" p+. "hat is the diagonal screen si6e for 12)8' picture tube# 1: To what deflection angle does a ma imum deflection angle of '* either side of center correspond# :" The usual heater voltage for picture tubes is !.3V.

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV b. c. '-' a. b. c. '-* a. b. c. '-+ a. b. c. d. '-. a. b. '-/ a. b. '-2 a. b. '-17 a. b. '-11 a. b. '-12 a. b. c. 8eak emission 9rom the cathode o9 the electron gun causes saturation limiting- with the picture appearing silvery gray where it should appear white. ;o picture- with a bright- blan% raster and no control of brightness- may indicate a short circuit bet#een the cathode and the control grid in the picture tube. A yellowish brown monochrome picture slowly balancing to a neutral gray scale indicates #eak emission in the blue gun. "hen a picture tube is being discharged- the ground end of the clip lead should be connected 9irst. Hold do#n circuits limit the amount of color saturation. Chapter 1 Video Signal Analysis .-1 a. .-2 a. b. c. .-! Chapter 5 Set up Adjustments for the Color Picture Tubes *-1 a. b. c. *-2 a. b. c. *-! a. b. c. *-' a. b. *-* a. *-+ a. 8incushion magnets are used for monochrome picture tubes. The basic waveform for dynamic convergence is the parabola or a hal9 sine #ave. $tatic convergence is done for the center of the screen. 8ermanent magnets are used for static convergence. .-2 a. b. 9amma affects the contrast. 8icture tubes have a gamma greater than 1. A solid red raster is a chec% for good color purit-. $mall white dots in the picture are used for convergence ad<ustments. )olor fringing on the edges of the picture is a sign of misconvergence. <egaussing should be done be9ore the color purity ad:ustments. The degaussing is done !" Hz ac. The A<9 circuit have a high current when the receiver is first turned on. The color purity magnet serves as a centering magnet. The color purity and beam landing ad:ustments are the same. The color purity is ad:usted for the raster- one color at a time. ' .-* a. .-+ a. .-. a. b. .-/ a. b. The average dc level is close to the blan%ing level for a dark scene. The picture tube reproduce blac% with zero beam current. 5a imum number of pi els for each hori6ontal line is 4/!. ,or the total picture area- it is 144*""". $ync polarity is negative. Typical video signal voltage for the picture tube is 1"" V #ith negative polarit-. .-' a. b. c. V sync0 3H lines #ide V blan%ing /1H lines #ide &quali6ing0 31*5"" Hz a. b. c. "idth of 4 blan%ing pulse# 1"./ s. Visible 4 trace# 53.5 s. "idth of 4 sync pulse# 5 s. 1(& of $ync0 4" Blac% set up0 1.5 The camera signal0 :/.5 "hat are the ! parts of the composite video signal# Camera signal* H s-nc and H blanking. A TV pro:ection picture shows less detail than the image on a direct-view picture tube. The typical anode voltage for pro:ection tubes is 3" to 8" kV. Ambient room lighting ma%es blac% on the screen appear lighter. >pa?ue phosphor mas%ing improves contrast by ma%ing blac% appear dar%er. +-' a. b. +-* a. b. c. All synchroni6ing pulses have the same amplitude. The frequency of equali6ing pulses is !" Hz. The 4 sync pulses have a higher frequency than the V sync pulses. +licker is caused by the changes between blac% and white. 1ncreasing the vertical blanking rate prevents flic%er. A shadow mas% has about 3""*""" holes. The holes in the shadow mas% is conical in shape to prevent secondar- emission. +-! a. b. c. 4ow many scanning 4 lines are there in a complete frame# /1 4ow many 4 lines are there in each field# 1" and A 4ow many 4 lines are there in each V retrace# 3 $eparation of the beams for the red- green and blue colors is accomplished by the shado# mask. =n line guns are easier than the delta guns in ma%ing the convergence ad:ustments. +-2 a. b. 1nterlace scanning require odd number of hori6ontal lines. 4ow many hori6ontal lines are in an odd or even field# /!/ and A The small magnets embedded in the yo%e housing correct for pincushion distortion. The coils above and below the electron are for H scanning. Two permanent-magnet rigs :ust behind the yo%e are used for centering the beam in monochrome receivers. ;ec% shadow result when the deflection yo%e is too 9ar back. The crossover point for focusing is formed by the 9irst electron lens. A 9! voltage of 277V is used for lo# voltage 9ocus method. ,or most color picture tubes- the 9! focus voltage is an ad<ustable value of several %ilovolts. *-2 a. The color purity is ad:usted before the d-namic convergence. Control &rid is the most negative electron gun. .ltor or 4node is the most positive electron gun. 5ost of the electrons in the beam flow out of the anode terminal. *-/ a. b. c. d. The (- 9- and B screen-grid ad:ustment is set for visual cuto99. The (- 9- and B video drive controls are set for #hite. The bac%ground controls are for dc bias. The 92 master screen control varies the dc voltage video signal. 4luminized tubes do not need an ion-trap. "hat is the color of the 81 phosphor# &reen *-. a. b. c. Typical dc grid bias for 12-in picture tube is @!" V. Typical ac signal drive for a 12-in picture tube is 14" Vp p. The brightness control vary the dc bias for the picture tube. b. The abbreviation TB =Top to Bottom> is vertical pincushion correction.

Chapter ! Scanning and Synchronizing +-1 a. b. ,etrace is faster than trace. V retrace ta%es more time than 4 trace.

Chapter 8 Color Television Circuits and Signals /-1 a. "hat are the phosphor colors for the tricolor tube# ,&6

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV /-2 a. b. c. /-! a. b. c. /-' a. b. c. /-* a. b. c. d. e. /-+ a. b. c. /-. a. b. c. d. e. /-/ a. b. c. d. /-2 a. b. /-17 a. b. c. /-11 )alculate the values for the yellow and blue bars in the following0 a. ? signal0 ".8: and ".11 b. @ signal0 ".3: and ".31 c. ) signal0 ".45 and ".45 /-12 a. )ompared with 177 percent saturation- a desaturated color have more luminance for the ? signal and less chrominance for the ) signal. "hat are the practical Baseband frequencies for the color video signal# ".5MHz (arge areas of picture information is easier to show in color. "hat is the e act hori6ontal line-scanning frequency for color TV# 15*134./1 MHz "hat is the e act vertical field-scanning frequency for color TV# 5:.:4 Hz "hat is the e act color subcarrier# 3.51:545 MHz "hich frequency is made e actly an odd multiple of HC2# C signal. The ;4( s-stem alternates the phase of the color signal in successive lines. 2-1' a. b. c. d. e. f. The $58T& code uses lines 1/* 13 and 14 in the vertical blan%ing time. $M;'% B $ociety of 5otion 8ictures and Television &ngineers $M;'% time code is used to identify the program material- time of day- frame number- and other production information. Videote0t B when data are distributed in the form of video signals 'elete0t B method of using TV broadcast signal. 1t is the system of transmitting communications signals in the vertical blanking interval- by either broadcast or cable television. Visual captions for the TV picture can be encoded in the V blan%ing time. ' 2-1! a. b. c. ;ame the test signals transmitted in the vertical blan%ing interval. V=,$ and V='$. V1($ is transmitted on line 1:. "hich test signal has the reference values for the chroma phase and amplitude# V=,$. "hat is the hue of the color sync burst# 2ello# &reen "hat is the phase difference between the color sync burst and the B-? signal# 18" "hat is the phase angle of the (-? video# :" "hat is the frequency of the individual cycles in the color sync burst# 3.58 MHz "hat is the repetition rate for the complete group of the color sync burst# 15*15" Hz The hue of the B-? video signal is mainly blue. The (-? phase is in ?uadrature with B-?. The B-? and (-? can be combines to form & 2. The B-? is 18" out of phase with the color sync burst. 2-17 a. b. 2-11 a. 2-12 a. b. c. "hich two lines in V blan%ing are used for V1T$# 11 and 18. "hat line is used for the mulitiburst test signal# 11. "hat is the highest test frequency in the multiburst# 4./ Mhz. "hat is the p-p value for a !.*/ 5h6 signal on each step of the modulated stair-step in 1(& units# 1.5. 4ow many 4 lines wide is the vertical sync pulse# 3. "hat is the count for the 4 line :ust after all the equali6ing pulses# (ine 1". "hat is the value of the ? voltage for the following bars# "hite0 1."" (ed0 ".3" 9reen0 ".5: Blue0 ".11 ?ellow0 ".8: "hat is the frequency of the chroma bandpass filter# 3.58 MHz. ;ame the two inputs to the ( B ? demodulator# C and >sc Cr -D "hat is the phase angle between B-? and (-?# :" 2-. a. b. 2-/ a. b. 2-2 a. b. c. d. A T sine-squared pulse have an 4A< of one picture element. A 2T sine-squared pulse has an 4A< of "./5 s. A 2T sine-squared pulse has no high frequency components above 4 Mhz. A modulated 12.*T pulse has a pea% amplitude higher than the flat part of the window signal. This means that the gain for !.*/ 5h6 is too high. 4ow many 1(& units is the white window signal# 1"". 4ow many microseconds is the width of the window signal# /!./5 s. "hich pea% ) value matches 177 percent white in amplitude# C-an. A vectorscope is an oscilloscope. ;ame the three output of the matri . 2* = and B The two inputs to the modulator are = and >sc. "hat is the phase angle for the @ modulator# :" "hich stage has inputs of ? A ) signals# Multiple0er "hich resistor has 1 and @ modulation# ,c 2-+ a. b. c. A ball chart is used with crosshatched pattern. The ball chart test is for the camera. The ma imum permissible nonlinearity for broadcast cameras is / percent. The input to the matri includes ,* & and 6 video signals. The output to the matri includes 2 luminance and t#o color mi0ture signals. The ? signal has 5: percent 9 video. (ed is the hue of the color. 8in% is different from red in saturation. (ed has a lo# luminance. 2-' a. 2-* a. b. 5onoscope is a special type camera tube with a fi ed image of a test pattern printed on the target. A fi ed image is engraved on the target plate of the 5onoscope. '. & cessive gain at !..* 5h6 cause ringing. "hat color when added to yellow- will produce white# 6lue "hat color is the complement of blue# 2ello# 9reen- when added to blue- produces c-an. 2-2 a. b. c. The line in the vertical #edges indicates hori6ontal resolution. 4ow many actual hori6ontal details correspond to the resolution of 217 lines# /8". "hat video frequency corresponds to 2'7 lines of hori6ontal resolution# 3Mhz. c. d. 4ow many gray-scale steps are in the &1A test pattern# 1". $mooth diagonal lines show good interlacing.

/-1! a. b. /-1' a. b. c. d. /-1* a.

CH4;'%, 1" Video Tape Recorders and is! Players 17-1 a. b. c. The range of !7 to '7 46 is ! octaves. ' +re?uenc- modulation is used for video signals. 1n video recording- both the tape and the head gap are in motion. ' The V)( and TV receiver must be operating on the same channel in order to record. + "hich is nonmagnetic- the head core- the gap or the tape# &ap

Chapter : Video Test Signals 2-1 a. b. 1n the test pattern- the 4 resolution measures the vertical lines. 4ow many hori6ontal details can be resolved with !77-line resolution# 4"". 17-2

d.

a.

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV b. c. 17-! a. b. c. 17-' a. b. c. d. 17-* a. b. c. d. 17-+ a. b. c. d. 17-. a. b. c. d. 17-/ a. b. c. d. 17-2 a. b. c. 17-17 a. b. c. 17-11 a. b. c. 17-12 a. b. c. d. The supply reel of tape in the video cassette is at the left side. ' The audio trac% can be erased- but the video trac%s cannot. + The audio and the control heads rotate in the same direction as the scanner. + The )&< system is based on variations in capacitance. ' The V(7 system requires a laser light beam. Videodis% machines are generally used for playbac% but not for recording. ' A laser source produces coherent light. ' The recorded pits on an optical videodis% vary in depth. + The color-under process is necessary in optical videodis% recording. + The )&< and V4< systems both use capacitance variations for signal. ' The deeper the pit in a dis%- the lesser the capacitance. The color-under system is used in the )&< method bit not for optical dis%s. ' <is% rotation is 45"rpm in the )&< system. 1n the 6ero guard-band system- at ! or 1 is the angle in each head canted. The canted a6imuth angle wor% better for luminance signals. The time delay of the comb filter is 1H or !3.5 s. The frequency that is the '**th harmonic of 4C2 is 3.51:545 MHz. The control and audio are the two stationary recording heads. Tape speed is controlled by the capstan. The poor trac%ing of the video heads causes sno# in the picture. The e act frequency of the )TD pulses is /:.:1Hz. The timing reference for the scanner servo in the recording is the V sync divided by 2. ' A tone generator on the scanner shaft indicates the frequency of rotation. ' A pic%up coil ne t to a magnet on the scanner shaft indicates the position of the reference video head. ' A sample-and-hold circuit is used as a timing comparator. ' >ne TV field does a slant trac% record in one pass. The angle of wrap that the tape ma%es around the scanner head slightly is more than 18" . 4ead switching ta%es place at the bottom of the TV picture. 1ncreasing the drum diameter increases the writing speed. The luminance is recorded as an ,5 signal. A .77 %46 is a color under. 1n V4$ system- !.*/ 546 corresponds to !/: kHz color under frequency. The highest frequency to be played bac% in a typical V)( is 5 ! MHz. 11-* a. b. c. 11-+ a. b. c. 11-. a. b. c. d. 11-/ a. b. c. d. A + 946 is an uplink frequency. A ' 946 is a do#nlink frequency. There are 1""" megahert6 in a 1 946. $atellites differ in angular heading by 3 5 . Dine-of-sight transmission uses s%y waves from the ionosphere. + A half-wave dipole is shorter for higher frequencies. ' 5ultipath signals cause ghosts in the picture. ' The higher the antenna- the longer the radio hori6on distance. ' The tolerance for the picture carrier frequency is F5 1""" Hz. The emission-type number for vestigial sideband transmission is 45C. The frequency offset for the cochannel stations. 1" kHz. Values for the ,5 sound signal in TV. 5a imum frequency deviation. /5 kHz. $eparation of center frequency from the picture carrier signal. 4.5 MHz. 8ercentage of modulation for AC- 27 %46 swing. 8"E The frequency range of the recorded ,5 signal is less than 3 octaves. ,or video recording ,5 is better than A5. ' 1n the V4$ and Betama systems- the luminance signal is modulated for recording. ' The high-frequency response improved with a thinner head gap. There are / octaves in a range of '01 in frequencies equal. 11-' Dist the values for the following frequencies in )hannel '- which is ++ to .2 546. a. 8icture carrier. !1./5 MHz. b. Epper side carrier for !-546 video modulation. 1"./5 MHz. c. )olor sub carrier. 1".83 MHz. d. $ound carrier. 11.15 MHz. b. c. The E4, television channels are ! MHz wide. )hannels + and . are most li%ely to have ad:acent-channel interference. +.+M spectrum lies bet#een channels ! and 1.

Chapter 1/ Television Receivers 12-1 1. 8icture 1, 2. $econd sound 1, carrier !. )hroma after the video detector '. Vertical $ync 12-2 a. b. c. d. e. f. 12-! a. b. c. 12-' a. b. c. 12-* a. b. c. d. e. The local oscillator beat above the (, signal frequencies. ,+ 4mpli9ier- stage in the tuner that is the most efficient in reducing oscillator radiation. Mi0er- stage that produces the greatest receiver noise. 511 Mhz- the local oscillator frequency for the tuning in channel 1'. =+ 4mpli9ier- stage in the receiver that the output signal of the V4, mi er feed. The '1.2* 5h6 1, sound signal is '.* 5h6 above the picture signal. The 1, response at '*..* 5h6 is equal to 5" percent. )hannel selectivity is determined =+. Video detector is the stage in the TV receiver that is driven by the 1, section. 18 V B a typical dc supply voltage for small signal transistor amplifiers. /5 kV B the anode high voltage for a color picture tube. Horizontal +l-back B hori6ontal retrace time The A9) rectifier is a pea% detector. ' 5ore A9) bias reduces the receiver gain. The A9) action %eeps the picture contrast appro imately the same for different station. ' 1s the sync used for the deflection oscillator of the amplifier# >scillator The V oscillator frequency is too low- which control needs to be ad:usted# V Hold The screen has too much blac% area across the bottom. "hich control would you ad:ust# Height 1s a sawtooth waveform of current needed in the V coils- 4 coils- or both# 6oth 1s A,) used for the V or 4 deflection oscillator# H >scillator 1s high voltage for the picture tube anode produced by the V or 4 output circuit# H output circuit 45.15 Mhz. 4.5 Mhz 3.58 Mhz !" Hz

Chapter 11 Television Transmission 11-1 a. 5a imum white 1" to 15* or 1/.5 average b. Blan%ing 15 c. Tip of sync 1"" 11-2 a. b. c. 11-! a. The picture and sound signals use separate. ' Vestigial sideband transmission of the A5 picture signal. All the upper sideband is transmitted. ' A part* or about " to ".15 MHz of the lower sideband is transmitted. "ith 7.1-546 modulation of a +1.2*-5h6 carrier- the side frequencies are +1.1* and +1.!* 546. ' 12-+

a. b. c. d.

12-. B wala lng 12-/ a. A) video signal drive is varied by the contrast.

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV b. c. 12-2 a. b. 12-17 a. b. c. 12-11 a. b. c. d. 12-12 a. b. c. The dc component of the video signal determine the brightness. The direct coupling method preserves the dc component. The frequency of the second sound 1, signal when the receiver is tuned to E4, channel 1' is 4.5 MHz. The resonant frequency of the sound ta%eoff trap in the video circuits is 4.5 MHz. The ma imum frequency deviation of the ,5 associate sound signal is /5 kHz. The mi0er is the main source of receiver noise. A brea% in the 1, section can cause the symptom of no picture on a clean raster without snow. ' A brea% in the antenna circuit can cause the symptom of no picture but with snow. ' An overload picture is usually out of sync. ' A TV monitor does not have an (, tuner. ' The standard level of composite video signal for connections between modular units is 1 Vp p. A high-voltage supply for the picture tube is included in the TV monitor. ' The input signal for the video amplifier is supplied by the video detector. The video amplifier bandwidth in a monochrome receiver is generally 3./ Mhz. Chapter 14 Color Television Receiver Circuits 1'-1 a. b. c. 1'-2 a. b. c. 1'-' a. b. c. 1'-* a. b. c. d. e. f. 1'-+ Chapter 13 Raster circuits and Sync 1!-1 a. b. c. 1!-2 a. b. c. 1!-! a. b. c. 1!-' a A single bright line across the center of the screen can be caused 9ailure o9 the oscillator or ampli9ier or a de9ect in the coupling circuits or -oke. d. Too much blac% space at the bottom of the screen can be caused by #eak vertical output. e. The dc bias on the vertical amplifier affects the height and linearity of the raster. 1!-* a. b. 1!-+ a. b. c. d. 1!-. a. b. c. d. 1!-/ a. b. ,or the TV power supply0 The Tripler is for high voltage. The voltage regulator is used for the line recti9ier. 1*-' a. )o horizontal output results in a total loss of the raster since the ,lybac% high voltage depends on the hori6ontal output. 1*-* a. b. c. )able losses increases at higher frequencies. ' )oa ial cables have =/, losses. A ! d6 loss reduces the signal level by one-half. The gen lock s-stem is used in television cameras and other studio equipment to provide the V and 4 drive signals. 1t provides e cellent interlacing. The whole gen-loc% circuit can be contained in one dedicated chip. ' The master oscillator operates at 31.5 khz. ;o vertical hold is used. ' 4A,) B 4ori6ontal A,). 1t is a ;((. 4A,) is for hori6ontal s-nc. 4ori6ontal ,lybac% is for high voltage. The output stage operates similar to class c ampli9ier. The diagonal blac% bar represents H scanning. V Hold control ma%es the picture stop rolling. Chapter 15 Cable Television 1*-1 a. b. 1*-2 a. b. c. 1*-! a. b. c. d. The value of ( that was used to terminate (9-*2E coa ial cable for impedance matching is 15 ohms. A line with more ) per unit length has a lower Go. 3pen ends of transmission line correspond to a parallel resonant circuit. The value of the V$"( when a cable is terminated in its F o is 1.". The outer conductor of coa ial cable serves as a shield. 9enerally (9-*2E cable is used for the drop line. ' Thinner cable has greater losses. ' The superband channel number :ust above V4, broadcast channel 1! is /3. V4, broadcast channel does a TV receiver with a cable converter stay tuned at /*3 or 4. The input for the V integrator is ta%en from the s-nc separator. The output from the () integrator is the voltage across C. A typical time constant for the vertical integrator is 5" s. The sync separator is a common emitter ampli9ier. The separated sync includes all the sync pulses. ' The separated sync is inverted from the pulses in the composite video signal. '. All the sync pulses have the same amplitude. ' The synchroni6ing pulses produce the scanning raster. + The V sync pulse has the lowest frequency. '. 1'-. a. b. c. d. 1'-/ a. b. c. 1'-2 a. b. c. 1'-17 a. b. c. d. The angle between (-? and B-? is :" . The bandwidth of the 1 signal is 1.3MHz. <) coupling used for the demodulator output. The crystal ringer is shoc%-e cited by color burst. ' 1n an A,8) phase detector- the burst and oscillator cw signals are :" out o9 phase. The burst separator is off during hori6ontal trace line. ' ;o color sync means that colors drift through the picture. ' The color %iller bias is on the 8BA. ' Burst is used to produce the dc bias from the color-%iller diode detector. ' )olor snow- or confetti is predominantly magenta. ' The A)) circuit varies the gain of the 9irst B8A. The manual color control varies the amplitude of the 3.58 MHz chroma signal. The output from the B8A feed the demodulators. The burst amplitude used to determine the 4CC bias. a. b. c. )ircuits that can cause the trouble of no color are 6andpass ampli9ier* color oscillator and color killer. A fi ed phase error in the color oscillator causes #rong hues. The (-? demodulator fails- colors red and c-an will be missing from the picture. The bandpass amplifier is tuned to !.*/ 546 with a typical bandwidth of AC- .7* 546. ' The color control varies the gain of the bandpass amplifier. ' The burst ampli9ier is on during 4 ,lybac% time. A synchronous demodulator needs two input signals. ' The A,8) circuit provides dc control voltage for the color oscillator. ' The tint control ad:usts for the phase angle for the demodulated color video signals. The value of the beat frequency between the associated sound carrier and color subcarrier is :/" kHz. The beat frequency between the associated sound carrier and the picture carrier is 4.5 MHz. The relative gain for '2.1. 546 in the 1, amplifier is 5"E. "hen the blue gun is dead- the monochrome picture and raster will be yellow. ' A monochrome picture can be produced #ithout the 3.58 MHz chroma section. An open in the green output-adder stage results in a magenta picture. ' The ? signal produces a monochrome picture. The drive controls ad:usted for #hite. )olor red generally does not have a drive control.

1!-2

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV a. b. c. d. 1*-+ a. b. c. 1*-. a. b. c. 1*-/ a. b. c. 1*-2 a. b. c. d. 1*-17 a. b. c. 1*-11 a. b. c. 1*-12 a. b. c. d. e. The cable converter uses two local oscillators. ' The video 1, carrier in a cable converter is generally !1/.15 MHz. The local oscillator for the up converter operates in the E4, range. ' &ach cable channel is selected by setting the frequency of the V)3 for the up converter. ' "ave traps to attenuate premium channels are usually located in the 9eed line to each subscriber. A scrambled channel usually has a picture that is out o9 s-ncas evidenced by rolling and diagonal bars. A scrambles channel needs decoding pulses to restore the sync. ' $upertrunks have the cable channels that are heterodyned down to lower frequencies. The frequency of 1! 946 is in the microwave band. ' ,5 can be used for microwave lin%s for television. ' ,iber-optics cable has very low losses. ' A light-modulated signal is limited to narrow bandwidth in the modulation. + (efraction means the bending of light waves. ' ,iber-optic cable ma%es use of internal reflections of light. ' Typical inde of refractions0 glass- 1./- diamond-2.'- water-1.! 1n two-way cable systems- the same cable for downstream and upstream signals. The upstream signal is in the band of 5 to 3" MHz. The poling signal is in the band of 1"1 to 11: MHz. $ync and blan%ing bars from another channel can be caused by overload distortion. ' Dosses increase with higher temperature. A slope-control circuit increases the amplifier gain for higherfrequency channels. ' The reference level for the dBmV unit is 1mV. The signal level of 2 mV in dBmV units is !d6mV. The signal level of 7.* mV in dBmV units is @! d6mV. 1+-2 a. b. c. d. e. 1f the anode potential drops a few %ilowatts- the raster will be bigger. A gassy picture tube can ma%e the anode voltage too lo#. Blooming in the picture tube indicates a poor HV regulation. The grounded clip lead should be connected 9irst in order to discharge the high voltage. The picture tube shows a thin vertical line before the screen goes blac%. The trouble is in the Horizontal >scillator. The head end of a cable system is the starting point of cable signals. ' A trun% cable is the main line for cable signals. ' The insertion loss is lo#er than the tap loss for line taps. A balun is used to match the .*- coa ial cable to the !77- receiver input. 1+-. a. b. 1+-/ a. b. Two pairs of hori6ontal bars are produced by 127-46 ripple in the video signal. '. 4um in the sync can cause bend in the picture. '. ;o hori6ontal output can %ill the sound. ' A receiver with current in the A<9 coils has A) power input. '.

1+-17 All answers are T(E&. a. Transformer T1 is the hori6ontal output transformer. b. )onduction in the $)( %ills the high voltage. 1+-11 a. b. c. 1+-12 a. b. c. d. An ine pensive way to obtain a good alignment tape is a copy the manufacturerGs original. + A large error in the scanner rotational speed ma%es the picture loo% as if it were out of hori6ontal sync. '. & cessive moisture can trigger the automatic stop in a V)(. '. 1na single-tube color camera- the problem of no color can be paused by poor electrical focus. '. Balancing red- green and blue for color camera is done by pointing the camera at a stair step re9lectance chart. 1nsufficient beam current in a vidicon causes a low-contrast picture. '. The standard output voltage from a color camera is 1V p p.

&;< )4A8T&( @E&$T13;$0 Chapter 1 4pplications o9 'elevision

Matching '-pe 1. 2. !. '. *. Vidicon Baseband signal TV channel bandwidth )hannel 2 frequencies Amplitude modulation ,requency modulation 8icture frames per second 4ori6ontal lines per frame )able television $pecial-effects generator )hannel ! or ' 1nfrared TV ,acsimile )oa ial cable impedance )hroma signal Byte 1ntercarrier frequency Anode high voltage )amera tube Video signal + 546 *' to +7 546 (, picture carrier signal (, sound carrier signal !7 *2* 4ead end $&9 V)( (, output )losed-circuit TV $low-scan TV .* ohms !.*/ 546 / bits '.* 546 Brightness

Chapter 1! Television and Video Servicing 1+-1 a. b. 1+-! a. b. c. 1+-' a. b. c. d. e. 1+-* a. b. c. 1+-+ a. b. c. The range of the tint control when it can move a color one bar to the left and right is F5 3". "hich color-difference signal has the same phase as the burst# C6 2D "hich color bar has the output from a B-? demodulator# $i0th The ;T$) color-bar generator produces standard chroma and luminance values. ' The color bars in a gated rainbow pattern differ in hue phase by 3" . )olor bars have the standard amplitude of 15 =,% units. An oscilloscope with a *7 546 bandwidth must be used for TV servicing. + The TV switch on an oscilloscope can be set for two cycles of video signal- at either the V or the 4 scanning rate. ' A dual beam oscilloscope has a )(T with two electron guns. A delayed-sweep oscilloscope uses two internal time bases. ' A tuner subber produces the 1, output signal. ' 7MM has higher resistance as a dc voltmeter. 5eter loading decreases the voltage reading. The e ternal multiplier for a high-voltage probe is :""M . An isolation transformer has separate primary and secondary windings. ' The wider blade in a polari6ed ac line plug connects to the chassis in receivers with a line-operated half-wave rectifier. '

+. .. /. 2. 17. 11. 12. 1!. 1'. 1*. 1+. 1.. 1/.

Chapter 3 'elevision Cameras "ill in the blan!s# 1. 2. !. '. ;lumbicon is a camera tube that uses a lead o ide =8b3> for the photoconductive target plate. )amera signal output without sync is called non composite video. A low-contrast picture in which white seems flat and lac%ing in detail suggests a lo# beam current. A ;lumbicon is a camera tube that has a minimum lag.

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV *. +. .. /. 2. The part of the invisible spectrum where camera pic%up tubes have the greatest output is the -ello# green. 8recise scanning si6e and linearity are most important in a single tube color pickup. Beam alignment magnets for the camera tube are ad:usted while roc%ing which control the electrical 9ocus. $pecial effects and production switching are done by the $%&. The gamma of the picture tube is /./.

Chapter 1" ,rom the multiple choice questions0 1. 2. !. '. *. +. .. /. 2. 17. 11. 12. 1!. 1'. 1*. 4ow many octaves is the frequency range of 1 to /# 3 "hich system can be used for both recording and playbac%# VH$ 4ow many TV fields are recorded on one slant trac% of tape# 1 The video heads rotate at high velocity to increase the #riting speed. A typical frequency for the ,5 luminance signal in V)( recording is 3.5 Mhz. "hich of the following applies to the color-under technique# Chroma 9re?uencies are reduced. "hat oscillator frequency is needed to heterodyne +22 %h6 up to !.*/ 5h6# 4./1 Mhz A comb filter is used to cancel chroma crosstalk. $witching for each field is required for the video heads. $ervocontrol of speed and phase is used for the video scanner head. The part that rotates to meter o the tape at constant speed is capstan. To ma%e the tape speed the same in playbac% as in recording- the tapespeed is regulated by the control track pulses. Tilting the video head gaps is necessary with the zero guard bands. "hich system uses a laser light beam for playbac%# V(; 1n the )&< system- the dis% capacitance varies with the pit depth.

17. 1f the camera cannot be placed far away enough to include everything in the scene- change the lens to one with a shorter 9ocal length. 11. A typical value of vidicon dar% current is "./ 4.

12. A lens has an /-cm focal length and '-cm diameter. 1ts f rating is /. Chapter ! $canning and $-nchronizing "ill in the blan!s# 1. 2. !. '. *. 1n the sawtooth waveform for linear scanning the complete c-cle includes trace and retrace. 9iven a +!*-s vertical retrace time- the number of complete hori6ontal lines scanned during vertical flybac% is 1". 3ne-half line spacing between the start positions for scanning even and odd fields produces e0act interlacing. The number of lines scanned per frame in the raster on the picture tube screen is 5/5. 1n the frame for which interlaced scanning is used- alternate lines are s%ipped during vertical scanning because the vertical scanning 9re?uenc- is doubled 9rom 3" to !" Hz. 1f the hori6ontal flybac% is 17H- this time equals !.4 s. IThe %eystone effect produces a square rasterJ- it is a 9alse statement. The width of a vertical sync pulse with its serrations includes the time of si0 hal9 lines* or three lines. $awtooth generator circuits produce the scanning raster- but the sync pulses are needed for timing.

Chapter 11 1. 2. !. The modulated picture carrier wave includes the composite video signal as the s-mmetric carrier level without the lower envelope. "hich of the following statements is true# )egative transmission means that the carrier amplitude decreases 9or black. "ith a 2 5h6 video signal modulating the picture carrier signal for channel ' =++ to .2 5h6>- which of the following frequencies are transmitted# !1./5 Mhz carrier 9re?uenc- and !:./5 upper side 9re?uenc-. '. *. +. .. /. 2. 17. "ith a 7.* 5h6 video signal modulating the picture carrier- both upper and lo#er side 9re?uencies are transmitted. 1n all standard television broadcast channels- the difference between the picture and sound carrier frequencies is 4.5 Mhz. The difference between the sound carrier frequencies in two ad:acent channels is ! Mhz. Dine-of-sight transmission is a characteristic of propagation for the VH+ band and higher 9re?uencies. 1n channel 1' ='.7 to '.+ 5h6>- the !.*/ color signal is transmitted at 414.83 Mhz. The difference between the sound carrier and color subcarrier frequencies is ".:/ Mhz. The ma imum deviation of the ,5 sound signal- in %ilohert6 is /5 kHz.

6. .. /. 2.

17. I!1-*77 46 for the vertical scanning frequencyJ is a #rong assertion.

Chapter 8 Color 'elevision3 Circuits and $ignals "ill in the blan!s# 1. 2. !. '. *. +. .. /. 9. Brightness variations of the picture information are in the 2 signal. The hue 1/7 out of phase with red is a c-an. 9reater p-p amplitude of the !.*/-546 chrominance signal indicates more saturation. The interfering beat frequency of 227 %46 is between the !.*/546 color subcarrier and the 4.5 MHG intercarrier sounds. The hue of color sync phase is -ello# green. = signal has color information for 1.!-546 bandwidth. IA fully saturated color is mostly white.J Bit is a 9alse statement. The color with the most luminance is -ello#. The hue of a color 27 leading sync burst phase is c-an.

Chapter 1/ 1. 2. !. '. *. +. .. /. 2. 17. )ontrast of picture Audio signal output 9ain control of (, and 1, 1, conversion $ynchroni6ation of picture Brightness of raster <) electrode voltages $nowy picture Ad:acent-channel selectivity Baseband video signal Video ampli9ier +M detector 4&C Mi0er $-nc separator High voltage suppl(o# voltage suppl,+ ampli9ier =+ #ave traps Video detector

17. The average voltage value of the !.*/-546 modulated chrominance signal is the brightness o9 the color. 11. The second 1, value for color in receivers- for any station- is 3.58 MHz. 12. 1f the !.*/-546 ) amplifier in the receiver does not operate- the result will be no color.

ECT REVIEWER: Grob TV

Chapter 14 1. 2. !. '. *. +. 7. /. 2. 17. 11. 12. 1!. 1'. 1*. "hich of the following applies for a monochrome picture# Chroma ampli9ier o99. "hich of the following is not tuned to !.*/ 5h6# Video preampli9ier The contrast control is in the 2 video ampli9ier. The color level control is in the 6;4. The color oscillator does not operate. The trouble is no color. The balance for ? video signals to the three guns in the picture tube is set by the drive controls. "hich needs a 7./s time delay# 2 video. The output of the burst separator feeds the 4+;C 9or color oscillator. The output of the color oscillator feeds the color demodulators. <rifting color bars in the picture indicate trouble in the 4+;C 9or color oscillator. The beat frequency between the !.*/ color subcarrier and the '.* 5h6 sound signal is ".:/ MHz. "hich control varies the phase angle of the color video signal# 'int "hich of the following stages has the bias from the A9) and color %iller circuits# Chroma 6;4. "hich of the following stages must be on during hori6ontal ,lybac% time# 6urst separator. A crystal-ringer circuit is used for the 4+;C on color oscillator.

Chapter 15 1. 2. !. '. *. +. .. /. 2. 17. 11. "hich of the ff is a midband cable TV channel is 4 or 14. )oa ial cable for distribution systems has an impedance of 15" ohms. The cable converter output for the TV receiver is usually on channel 3. A tap for the subscriber drop line has a high tap loss. The most popular plug for the (9-*2E coa ial cable is the + connector. "hich of the ff is true# picture. The upstream signal in two-way cable systems has the frequency of 5 to 3" MHz. A typical value for the 1, signal- in megahert6- for up-down cable converter is !1/.15. ,requency synthesis is used for the VC> in the up converter. ,or in-band descramblers- the decoding pulses are sent on the sound carrier. A trun% cable run has a loss of B27 dBmV. To ma%e up for this loss- the voltage gain of the ne t amplifier should be at least 1". 8eak signal causes sno# in the