SPORTS

OLYMPIC GAMES
Ancient Olympics
The Olympic Games originated The Olympic Charter is a set of

in ancient Greece.
The first games were held in 776

BC in Olympia. The Games were always held at Olympia. A great statue of Zeus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world was erected in Olympia to preside over the Games. The games were banned by the Roman Emperor Theodosius in AD 394. The games were revived by the French nobleman Baron Pierre de Coubertin who is regarded as

the Father of Modern Olympics.

The first modern Olympics were

held in 1896 at Athens. (Greece).

'Play the game in the spirit of the

rules and guidelines for the organization of the Olympic Games, and for governing the Olympic Movement. Olympic flag which is white in colour was created by Pierre De Coubertin in 1914. Emblem is placed at the centre of the Olympic flag. Olympic flag was raised for the first time at the Antwerp Games in 1920. The epigram of the Olympics is "The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well". The Olympic Flame was ceremonially lit for the first time at the Amsterdam Games in 1928. The modern version of the Flame was adopted in 1936 at the Berlin Games. Olympics song was composed by Costas Palamass. It was only from 1900 (Paris Olympics), women were allowed to participate in the Olympics. Women took part in track and field for the first time in 1928. The Olympic Games are held after every four years. However Olympic Games were not celebrated in 1916, 1940 and 1944 2012 Olympics will be held at London in England.

The emblem of the Olympics is composed of five intertwined rings, each of different colours representing the five Continents of the world. Black ring representing Africa, yellow ring representing Asia, blue ring representing Europe, green ring representing Australia and the red ring representing America.

because of the World Wars.

The headquarters of the Inter-

game' was the message of Baron Pierre de Coubertin. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has since become the governing body of the Olympic Movement, whose structure and actions are defined by the Olympic Charter.

The 2016 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad will be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

national Olympic Committee is at Lausanne, Switzerland. Indian Olympic Association was formed in 1927. First Asian city to host Summer Olympics was Tokyo in 1964. Olympic Museum located at Lausanne. The venues of the Olympics are chosen seven years in advance by the IOC. The logo of the games contains an outline of the Sydney Opera House and the boomerang. The Olympic motto is "Faster, Higher, Stronger". The Olympic mascot, an animal or human figure representing the cultural heritage of the host country, was introduced in 1968. French and English are the

Kinds of Olympics
Summer Olympic Games Winter Olympic Games Paralympic Games Youth Olympic Games official languages of the Olympic Movement. The other language is the language of the host country. Since the modern Olympic Games began in 1896, there have been 26 Summer Olympic Games held in 22 separate cities and 21 Winter Olympic Games held in 17 separate cities. Seven cities have hosted Olympic Games more than once; Athens in 1896 and 2004, Paris in 1900 and 1924, London in 1908 and 1948, St. Moritz in 1928 and 1948, Lake Placid in 1932 and 1980, Los Angeles in 1932 and 1984, and Innsbruck in 1964 and 1976.

Beijing Olympics
The 2008 Summer Olympics,

Michael Fred Phelps

He is an American swimmer who has, overall, won 16 Olympic medalssix gold and two bronze at Athens in 2004, and eight gold at Beijing in 2008. Phelps eight gold at the 2008 Beijing Games surpassed American swimmer Mark Spitz's seven-gold performance at Munich in 1972. Phelps Olympic medal total is second only to the 18 Soviet gymnast Larissa Latynina won over three Olympics, including nine gold. Worlds Fastest Man by setting new world records in the 100 metres (330 ft) and 200 metres (660 ft) sprints.

Summer Olympic Games

The Fuwa mascots of the 2008

Summer Olympics in Beijing.

The Summer Olympics program

includes 26 sports, while the Winter Olympics program features 15 sports. Jesse Owens of the United States was the hero of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Owens won four gold medals. He was nicknamed as The Ebony Antelope. In the 1976 Montreal Olympics, Nadia Comancei of Romania became the first gymnast in Olympic history to score a perfect ten. The first Olympic athlete who lost his bronze medal for alcohol use was Hans-Gunnar Liljen wall, a Swedish pentathlete at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, took place in Beijing, China, from August 8 to August 24, 2008. A total of 11,028 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) competed in 302 events in 28 sports, one event more than was on the schedule of the 2004 Games. Three nations participated in the Olympics for the first time. China became the 22nd nation to host the Olympic Games. It was the third time that the Summer Olympic Games were held in Asia, after Tokyo, Japan in 1964 and Seoul, South Korea in 1988. The centrepiece of the 2008 Summer Olympics was the Beijing National Stadium, nicknamed the Birds Nest, which hosted both the opening and closing ceremonies. There were 43 new world records and 132 new Olympic records set. Chinese athletes won the most gold medals, with 51, and 100 medals altogether. The United States won more total medals than any other country with 110, 36 of which were gold. Michael Phelps broke the records for most gold medals in one Olympics and for most career gold medals for an Olympian, and equaled the record for most individual golds at a single Games. Usain Bolt secured the traditional title

India at the Olympics

India officially participated in Olympics for the first time in 1920. India won the Olympic hockey gold six times at a stretch from 1928 to 1956 (1928, 32, 36, 48, 52, 56) and again in 1964 and 1980. Norman Pritchard representing India won two silver medal in the 200 metres and 200 meters hurdles in the 1900 Paris Olympics. Indian athletes have won a total of 20 medals, mostly in field hockey. K.D. Yadav of India was the first Indian in post independence era to win an individual Olympic medal. He get the bronze medel in 1952 Helsinki Olympics. Milkha Singh the Flying Sikh at the 1960 Rome Olympics broke the Olympic record in the 400m and yet failed to win a bronze medal by 0.1 seconds. The race was very close. The

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ese Games countries at th ed nk ra n te p The to B ronze Tota l are listed below Gold Silver
n R an k N at io na hi C 1 U SA 2 R ussia 3 Great Britain 4 Germ an y 5 Austr alia 6 South Korea 7 Japan 8 It aly 9 Fran ce 10 51 36 23 19 16 14 13 9 8 7 21 38 21 13 10 15 10 6 10 16 28 36 28 15 15 17 8 10 10 17 100 110 72 47 41 46 31 25 28 40

India in 2008 Beijing Olympics

Abinav Bindra (India) became the first individual Gold medalist of independent India in 10m air rifle shooting event. In Boxing category Indias Vijender Kumar won the bronze medal. In wrestling Indias Sushil Kumar won the bronze medal. 86 events in fifteen disciplines. Medal Table
USA GERMANY CANADA G 9 10 14 S 15 13 7 B 13 7 5 37 30 26

gold and silver medalist broke the world record and the next three broke the Olympic record. Milkhas timing of 45.6 seconds was a national record for 38 years. Leander Paes won a bronze medal at the Atlanta Olympics in 1996 in tennis. Shiny Wilson is the first Indian woman to reach the semi-final in the Olympics (800m at Los Angeles). She became the first woman Indian captain to lead India when she captained the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. P.T. Usha is the first woman finalist at the Olympics (400 m hurdles). Anjali Vedpathak became the first Indian shooter to have made it to the Olympic finals (at Sydney Olympics). Karnam Malleswari became the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal. She won the Bronze medal in the 2000 Sydney Olympics. Anju Bobby George was the India captain to lead the Olympic team in 2004 Athens Olympics. Rajya Vardhan Singh Rathore got a silver medal in 2004

Olympics for shooting. It was the first Silver medal won by an Indian in an individual item.

Winter Olympic Games

The Winter Olympic Games were started in 1924 at Chamonix in France. The Games were held every four years from 1924 until 1936 when they were interrupted by World War II. Some of the original sports were alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, figure skating, ice hockey, Nordic combined, ski jumping, and speed skating. 2006 Winter Olympics was held at Turin (Italy) Germanys George Hackl made Olympic history when he became the first athlete, in a summer or in a winter olympics to win a medal on the same individual event at five consecutive times. The last medal was won in 2002, in the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics. 2010 Winter Olympics The 2010 Winter Olympics were held from February 1228, 2010 in Vancouver, Canada. Approximately 2,600 athletes from 82 nations participated in

In 2014 Sochi will be the first Russian city to host the Winter Olympics.

Paralympics
The Paralympic Games are the Olympics for athletes with disabilities. They are held every four years, immediately after the Olympic Games, and always at the same venue. The first Paralympics were held in Rome in 1960, with about 400 athletes from 23 countries. Winter Paralympics have been held since 1976. Indias Devendra created history by winning the first ever gold for the country in Athens paralympics 2004 in Javelin throw. All Paralympic Games are governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). The 2008 Summer Paralympic Games, the 13th Paralympics, took place in Beijing, China. China finishing with 89 gold medals and 211 total medals. The next paralympic games will be held in London (Britain) in 2012 after Olympics.

The Commonwealth Games

The Commonwealth Games is the sports festival of Commonwealth countries. J.Ashley Cooper is called as the founder of Commonwealth Games. The Games are held once every four years midway between the Olympic Games. Motto : HUMANITY EQUALITY DESTINY The Games are overseen by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF), which also controls the sporting programme and selects the host cities. The event was first held in 1930 under the title of the British Empire Games in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. There are currently 54 members of the Commonwealth Nations, and 71 teams participate in the Games. The four Home Nations of the United Kingdom England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland send separate teams to the Commonwealth Games. The Commonwealth Games 2006 was held in Melbourne (Australia). Australia got the top most position in the medals Tally. The 2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XIX Commonwealth Games, were held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events. It was the largest international sport event to be staged in Delhi after Asian Games in 1951 and 1982. The opening and closing ceremonies were held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India and the second time it was held in Asia after Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 1998. The official mascot of the Games was Shera, an anthropomorphised tiger. Official song "Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto" was composed byA.R. Rahman. Australia topped the medal tally for the sixth consecutive time

World Championships in Athletics

The World Championships in Athletics is an event organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). It was organised every four years, but this changed in 1991, and it has since been organised biennially. The 12th IAAF World Championships in Athletics were held in Berlin, Germany in 2009. Medal Table 2009 G S B Total USA 10 6 6 22 Jamaica 7 4 2 13 Kenya 4 5 2 11 Russia 4 3 6 13 Poland 2 4 2 8 This is the third largest sports event after the Olympic Games and the FIFA World Cup. with 74 golds and 177 medals overall. India finished second in the table for the very first time in Commonwealth Games history with a tally of 38 golds and 101 medals overall and England placed third. Australian swimmer Alicia Coutts emerged as the most successful athlete with five gold medals. Commonwealth Games Federation president Mike Fennell The Queen's Baton Relay which contains Queen Elizabeth II's message to the athletes, arrived at the 2010 Games opening ceremony on 3 October 2010, after vis-

2010 Commonwealth Games

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iting the other 54 nations of the Commonwealth. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales (representing Queen Elizabeth II as Head of the Commonwealth) and President of India Pratibha Patil officially declared the Games open. After 52 years, India won Gold in Athletics, Krishna Poonia won Gold in Women's discus throw. For the first time in history of Games , India won a medal in Gymnastics, where Ashish Kumar won Silver and Bronze. Tennis made its maiden appearance in a full Commonwealth Games programme at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.

h Games mmonwealt o C 0 1 otal 0 2 f o Bronze T Medal Tally old Silver 177

Australia India England Canada South Africa Ken ya Malaysia Singapore Nigeria Scotland G 74 38 37 26 12 12 12 11 11 9 55 27 60 17 11 11 10 11 8 10 48 36 46 33 10 9 14 9 14 7 101 143 76 33 32 36 31 33 26

Asian Games
Asian Games is the most important sports event of Asia. Asian Games are held once in four years midway between the Olympic Games. The first Asian Games were held in 1951 in New Delhi by the intiative of Jawaharlal Nehru. Dr. Rajendra Prasad inaugurated the first Asian Games. Eleven Nations participated in the first games.

The Asian Games, officially known as Asiad, is a multi-sport event held every four years The Games are recognised by the IOC and are described as the second largest multi-sport even t a ft er th e Olympic Games. The motto of the Asian Games is 'Ever Onward'. The emblem is a brightly rising Sun with interlocking rings. Asian Games is organised by Asian Games Federation based at Singapore. The 15th Asian Games were held at Doha. Capital of Qatar. China topped the medal tally. India finished at 8th position. 2010 Asian Games was held Guvangsho (China) and 2014 Asian Games will be held in Incheon, South Korea.

SAF Games
South Asian Games (SAF games or SAG formerly known as South Asian Federation Games) are a biannual multisport event held among the athletes from South Asia. At present, SAG are joined by eight members namely Afganistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan & Srilanka. The first SAF Games were held at Kathmandu, Nepal (1985). SAF Games (10th) was held at Colombo, the capital city of Sri Lanka in 2006. 2010 South Asian Games The 2010 South Asian Games took place from January 29 to February 8, 2010 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This was the third time that the Bangladeshi capital hosted the Games. 2000 athletes from 8 countries competed at the Games in 23 different sports. India became first in the medal tally with a staggering 175 medals including 90 gold medals. Pakistan narrowly beat the host country in Gold medals with 19

Medal Tally of 2010 Asian Games

RANK 1 2 3 4 5 6 COUNTRY China South Korea Japan Iran Kazakhstan India Gold 199 76 48 20 18 14 Silver 119 65 74 14 23 17 Bronze 98 91 94 25 38 33 Total 416 232 216 59 79 64

gold, while the host Bangladesh captured 18 golds. The logo of the 11th SAF Games was 'Kutumb': a flying doel. The 2012 South Asian Games, scheduled to take place in Delhi. It is also the first time that Delhi will host the Games. The previous games being held in Kolkata in 1987 and Chennai in 1995.

National Games
Unity, Peace, Co-operation and Good Will is the theme of the Games. Ist National Games was held in 1924. 2007 - National Games were held at Guwahati and Services topped in medals tally. 2009 National Games venue at Ranchi in Jharkhand. But it did not take place. It will take place in 2011.

ment takes place every four years. In 1998 tournament was held in France. France became champion by defeating Brazil. India qualified for the World cup football once in 1950 from Asian Group. World Cup trophy was designed by Silvio Gazanigaya. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Italy, with four titles; Germany, with three titles; Argentina and inaugural winners Uruguay, with two titles each; and England, France, and Spain, with one title each. Ronaldo of Brazil scored most number of goals in the history of World Cup Football. (15 goals) Ronaldo broke the record of Gerd Muller of West Germany (14 goals).

2006 runners-up France were eliminated in the first round of the tournament. Total goals scored in this tournament were 145 from overall 64 matches. Golden Ball: Diego Forln Golden Boot: Thomas Mller (Germany) Golden Glove Iker Casillas (Spain) Best Young Player Thomas Mller (Germany) FIFA Fair Play Trophy: Spain The official song of the 2010 World Cup "Waka Waka" was performed by the Colombian singer Shakira. The match ball for the 2010 World Cup, manufactured by Adidas, is named the Jabulani. 2014 World Cup will be held in Brazil.

FIFA Womens World Cup

First Womens World Cup was held in 1991. Sixteen teams competing every four years for the winner's trophy. 2007 World cup was held in China. Champion of 2007 World Cup Germany. Germany defeated Brazil 2-0 in the final. Best Player Marta (Brazil).

2010 World Cup

The 2010 FIFA World Cup was the 19th FIFA World Cup. It took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010. Final played at the Soccer City stadium in South Africa's largest city, Johannesburg. Champions Spain (1st title) Runner-up Netherlands Third place Germany Fourth place Uruguay In the final, Spain, the European champions, defeated third-time finalists the Netherlands 10. Best player is Diego Forlan of Uruguay. Top scorers of this tournament: Diego Forlan, Thomas Mller, Wesley Sneijder and David Villa score 5 goals each. 2006 world champions Italy and

World Cup Football

First World Cup Football was held in Montivideo, the capital of Uruguay in the year 1930. Thirteen countries participated in it and Uruguay itself won the championship. World Cup Football is organised by Federation of International de Football Association (FIFA). FIFA was established in 1904. Its headquarters is Zurich. Present FIFA President is Joseph Sepp Blatter (Switzerland). Brazil holds the record of winning maximum number of World Cup Football. (5 times) The World Cup Soccer Tourna-

Football (Soccer)
Football is otherwise known as Soccer. It is the worlds most popular sport. Terms Associated with Football Kicking, Offside, Goal Kick, Sudden Death, Penalty Kick, freekick, Back Pass, Bicycle Kick, Corner Kick, Cross, Direct Free Kick, Foul, Goal Line, Header, Kickoff, Midfielder,

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Penalty, Red Card, Yellow Card, Shot, Strike, Through Pass, Throw-In, Touch Line, Volley, Winger etc. Santhosh Trophy Santhosh Trophy is the trophy which is awarded to the National Football Champions of India. Kerala had won Santhosh trophy 5 times. The Santhosh Trophy (2009) was won by Goa defeating West Bengal (4-2). Most successful team West Bengal (30 titles) The trophy as named after the late Maharaja Sir Manmatha Na th Roy Chowdhar y of Santosh, which is now in Bangladesh, who had been the President of the Indian Football Association The trophy which is awarded to the winners of the Nations Junior Football Champions is B.C. Roy Trophy.

Edson Arantes do Nascimento Pele is the real name of Pele who is also known as the Black Pearl of Football. Beverley Ranger of UK is known as Female Pele. Football was introduced in Olympics in 1908 and U.K. won the first gold. Kozhikode is the known as Mecca of Kerala Football. Oldest Football club in India is Dalhousie Club, Calcutta (1878) and the oldest club in the world is Sheffield Football cup. Indian won a rare International Football title with hosts defeat-

Calcutta is known as Mecca of Indian Football and Kerala is known as Cradle of Indian Football.
ing Syria by a lone first half goal in the ONGC Nehru Cup Championship at New Delhi. The game in India is administered by the All India Football Federation (AIFF), which is affiliated with the regional Asian Football Confederation, as well as with the worldwide body FIFA. Youth football is administered by the governmental Sports Authority of India. According to FIFA rankings, the national team is ranked 132th place in the world as of April 2010

Cups Associated with Football

DCM Cup, Durand Cup, Merdeka Cup, Santhosh Trophy, B.C. Roy Cup, Subrato Cup, Rovers Cup, Nehru Gold Cup, Nagjee Trophy, Copa America Cup, African Nations Cup, FA Cup, Federation Cup, G.V. Raja Memorial Trophy, IFA Shield, Jules Rimet Trophy, Kalinga Cup, Stafford Cup.

Football clubs of India

Air India, Bengal Mumbai FC, Churchill Brothers SC - Goa, Dempo SC - Panjim, Goa, East Bengal Club Kolkata, FC Kochin Cochin, JCT Phagwara, Punjab, Mahindra United - Mumbai, Mohammedan Sporting, Mohun Bagan, ONGC FC, Salgaocar SC Vasco, Goa, Sporting Clube de Goa, SBT (State Bank of Travancore) Trivandrum, Viva Kerala Cochin.

Top World Football Clubs

Arsenal, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, liverpool, Manchester United, Newcastle United, Real Madrid, AC Milan, Manchester united, Barcelona, Juventus, Inter Milan, Valencia, Bayern Munich, Roma, Sao Paulo

The oldest football tournament in the world is the English F.A. Cup.

The oldest Football tournament in India is the Durand Cup started in 1888.

Cricket
Cricket is the world's second most popular sport after Association football. Cricket originated in England in the 13th century. Cricket is the national game of England and Australia. It has eleven players in each team. The length of the Cricket pitch is 22 yards or 20 metres. Nickname The Gentleman's game" The International Cricket Council (ICC), has 104 member countries.

Test Cricket
Test cricket is deemed to have begun with two matches between Australia and England in the 187677 Australian season. Subsequently, eight other national teams have achieved Test status: South Africa (1889), West Indies (1928), New Zealand (1929), India (1932), Pakistan (1952), Sri Lanka (1982), Zimbabwe (1992) and Bangladesh (2000). Zimbabwe subsequently suspended its Test status in 2006.

Brian Lara of West Indies holds the record of scoring maximum runs in an innings of a Test cricket (400 runs ). The first to score ten thousand in Test Cricket is Sunil Gavaskar. Sunny Day s and, One day Wonders are his books. Little Master is his popular name and he held the record for the maximum number of test centuries (34 nos). Don Bradman of Australia holds the record of maximum batting average in Test Cricket (99.94). Most Catches in Fielding Rahul Dravid (India) took 200 catches. Most number of matches played Sachin Tendulkar: 172 matches. Most matches played as captain Allan Border of Australia (93 matches).

The tournament is the world's fourth largest and most viewed sporting event. The first Cricket World Cup contest was organised in England in 1975. The West Indies have won twice, while India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka have each won once. Last tournament (2007) held in West Indies. Next tournament will be held in 2011. Host Countries India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. 2007 World Cup Champion Australia. 1983 World Champion India. They beat West Indies. Captain Kapil Dev.

Twenty Twenty Cricket

A Twenty20 game involves two teams, each has a single innings, batting for a maximum of 20 overs. Twenty20 cricket is also known as T20 cricket. The inaugural ICC World Twenty20 was played in South Africa in 2007. Team India created history by winning the inaugural ICC Twenty 20 World Cup against Pakistan in the final. Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20, defeating Sri Lanka by eight wickets. England won the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 defeating Australia in the final by 7 wickets. The first official Twenty20 matches were played on 13 June 2003 between the English coun-

One day Cricket

One Day International (ODI) is a form of cricket, in which 50 overs are played per side. The Cricket World Cup is played in this format. The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Most popular tournaments of ODI are: Cricket World Cup and ICC Champions Trophy. World Cup Cricket World Cup Cricket Championship is organised by the sport's governing body, the International Cricket Council (ICC).

Records
Muttiah Muralitharan of Sree Lanka is the highest wickettaker in Test cricket 800 Wickets. He retired from Test cricket in 2010. Sachin Tendulkar is the leading run-scorer and century maker in Test cricket 14,500 runs and 51 centuries. Tendulkar holds the record of scoring 200 run in One day cricket.

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ties in the Twenty20 Cup.

WorldTwenty 20 - Records
First Century in Twenty 20: Chris Gayle of West Indies scored the first ever century (117) in Twenty 20 cricket against South Africa on September 11, 2007 in Johannesburg. Maximum runs in an over: Yuvaraj Singh of India hit six 6s off an over by Stuart Broad of England on September 19, 2007 in Durban. Indian Premier League (IPL) IPL is a domestic professional Twenty20 cricket competition in India. It was initiated by the BCCI headquartered in Mumbai. First tournament held in 2008. Winner Rajasthan Royals Captain Shane Warne Runner up Chennai Super Kings 2010 Indian Premier League Champion Chennai Super Kings Captain - M.S. Dhoni Runner up Deccan Chargers

ICC President: Sharad Pawar Headquarters Dubai, UAE

BCCI
Board of Cricket Control in India (BCCI) is the regulating body of the game in India. BCCI President is Shashank Manohar.

Miscellaneous

ICC
The International Cricket Council (ICC) is the international governing body of cricket. It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from England, Australia and South Africa, renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965, and took up its current name in 1989.

Glen McGrath of Australia is popularly known as The Enforcer. Nilesh Kulkarni is the first Indian cricketer to take a wicket in his first ball in Test Cricket. Chetan Sharma of India made the first hat-trick in World Cup Cricket. One More Over is the book written by E.A.S Prasanna. Mansur Ali Khan Pataudi was given the title Tiger. Thomson of Australia is otherwise known as Tornado. Donald Bradman of Australia scored 29 Test centuries in his career. He is called the Don. C.K. Naidu was the first Indian captain of the Indian Cricket team. Hitting Across the Line is the book written by Vivian Richards of West Indies. Lala Amarnath scored Indias first ever Test century. The first official cricket test match was played at Melbourne between Australia and England in 1877. The oldest Cricket club in India is the Calcutta Cricket Club and it is also the second oldest in the world.

India played their first official Test match at Lords in London (1932). The first official Test played in India is at Mumbai between India and England in 1933 - 34. India won its first Test match victory against Australia in Kanpur in 1959-60. The first ever One Day International match was played at Melbourne in 1971 between Australia and England. India played her first one day International at Leeds in England (1974). Ajith Wadeker captained India in that match. The official name of the first World Cup cricket was Prudential World Cup. Shoaib Akhthar of Pakistan is known as Rawalpindi Express. First Indian to score century in a One Day International match is Kapil Dev. Vengsarkar of India is known as Colonel. Sachin is otherwise called Master Blaster. The Cutting Edge is the book written by Javed Miandad of Pakistan. Virendra Sehwag scored the highest Test innings score for India. (319)

Important Cups Cricket

Ashes Cup, Deodar Cup, Rubber Cup, Duleep Trophy, Renji Trophy, Rohinton Baria Trophy, Vizzy Trophy, Sharjah Cup, Wills Trophy.

Hockey

National Games of Countries

Country National Sport Argentina .................................................................................. pato Bangladesh .......................................................................... kabaddi Brazil ................................................................................... Football Canada ............................................................................ Ice Hockey China (PRC) .................................................................... table tennis Cuba ................................................................................... baseball India .................................................................................. Hockey Pakistan ............................................................................. Hockey USA .................................................................................. Baseball England................................................................. Cricket, Football Australia ................................................................. Cricket, Tennis Indonesia ...................................................................... Badminton Malaysia ....................................................................... Badminton Spain .......................................................................... Bull Fighting China ......................................................................... Table Tennis France ............................................................................... Croquet Japan ..................................................................... Jujuthsu (judo) Scotland .............................................................................. Rugby Russia .................................................................................. Chess Scotland .................................................................................. Golf Bhutan .............................................................................. Archery Finland ................................................................................... Polo Indonesia ...................................................................... Badminton Japan ..................................................................................... Judo Newzealand ......................................................................... Rugby Malesya ........................................................................ Badminton

International Hockey Federation President - Leandro Negre Its headquarters are located in Lausanne, Switzerland. Hockey is the national game of India and Pakistan. Field Hockey included in the Olympic Games, the Commonwealth Games, the quadrennial Hockey World Cups, the annual Champions Trophies and World Cups for juniors. Dhyan Chand, Pargat Singh, M. Sommayya, Jagbir Singh, Jude Felix, Dhanraj Pillai, Gagan Ajith Singh, Asok kumar, Zafar Iqbal, are well known Hockey players of India. Dhyan Chand is known as Hockey Wizard. His birthday, August 29 is celebrated as the National Sports day of India. He is well known as Grand old man of Indian Hockey. He was also awarded the Padma Bhushan. Hockey was introduced in Olympics in 1908. England was the first Olympic Hockey champions. The oldest Hockey tournament in India is the Beighton Cup. The Hockey penalty stroke is taken from a distance of 7 yards or 6.4m. The highest governing body of World Hockey is Federation International Hockey (FIH) formed in 1924.

Most titles in World Cup Pakistan (4 titles) India became champion in 1975

Trophies and Cups in Hockey

Aga Khan Cup, Azlam Sha Cup, Beighton Cup, Lady Ratan Tata (National Women's Championship), Rangaswami Cup, Indira Gandhi Gold Cup, Dhyan Chand Trophy.

World Cup Hockey 2010

World Cup Hockey

The 2006, 11th World Cup Hockey were held at Germany. Germany won the tournament by defeating Australia. The tournament was started in 1971.

The 2010 Hockey World Cup was held in India at New Delhis Dhyan Chand National Stadium. 12 Teams Participated in the championship. Total of 199 goals scored in this competition. Australia got World Cup Hockey Champion ship by defeating Germany ( 2-1).

Terms associated with Hockey

Bully, Carry, Scoop, Stick, Dribble, Roll-in, Fifty Yard Line, Penalty Stroke, The Point, 16yard hit, Center pass, Drive, Flick, Free hit, Marking, Penalty corner, Push, Scoop, Tackle etc.

Womens Hockey

The Indian Women's Hockey

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Wimbledon 2010 Winners

Event 2010 Men's Singles 2010 Women's Singles 2010 Men's Doubles 2010 Women's Doubles 2010 Mixed Doubles Champion Rafael Nadal Serena Williams Jrgen Melzer, Philipp Petzschner Vania King, Yaroslava Shvedova Leander Paes, Cara Black

US Open 2010 Winners

Event 2010 Men's Singles 2010 Women's Singles 2010 Men's Doubles 2010 Women's Doubles 2010 Mixed Doubles Event 2010 Men's Singles 2010 Women's Singles 2010 Men's Doubles 2010 Women's Doubles 2010 Mixed Doubles Champion Rafael Nadal Kim Clijsters Bob Bryan, Mike Bryan Vania King, Yaroslava Shvedova Liezel Huber, Bob Bryan Champion Rafael Nadal Francesca Schiavone Daniel Nestor, Nenad Zimonjic Serena Williams, Venus Williams Katarina Srebotnik, Nenad Zimonjic

French Open 2010 Winners

Australian Open 2010 Winners

Event 2010 Men's Singles 2010 Women's Singles 2010 Men's Doubles 2010 Women's Doubles 2010 Mixed Doubles team bagged the Gold for three consecutive years: during the 2002 Commonwealth Games , 2003 Afro-Asian Games, and the 2004 Hockey Asia Cup. The Women's Hockey World Cup has been held since 1974. Netherlands is the most successful team, having won the World Cup title six times. The 2010 Women's Hockey World Cup was held in 2010 in Rosario, Argentina. Argentina won the tournament Champion Roger Federer Serena Williams Bob Bryan, Mike Bryan Serena Williams, Venus Williams Cara Black, Leander Paes

after beating Netherland 31.

Tennis

Tennis originated in France. Places associated with Tennis are Rolland Garros in France, Wimbledon in U.K, Flushing Meadows in U.S.A. Both the Australian Open and the US Open are played on hard courts, The French Open is played on clay,

Wimbledon is played on grass. Formerly winning all the four major Tennis tournaments, that is Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and U.S. Open in a calendar year is termed as a Grandslam. But now winning any of these tournaments is called a Grandslam. Donald Budge became the first person to win all four Grand Slam singles titles during the same calendar year and won six consecutive Grand Slam singles titles in 1937 and 1938.

Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows-Corona Park in Queens, New York City. Australian Open Trophies and Cups - Tennis The tournament is held in JanuDavis Cup, Wimbledon Trophy, ary at Melbourne Park. French Open, Australian Open, It was held for the first time in U.S. Open, 1905. Since 1988, the tournaDr. Rajendra Prasad Cup. ment has been held on hard courts. Arthur Ashe was the first black Indian Tennis man to win a Wimbledon. The All India Tennis Associa Lleyton Hewitt of U.S.A. betion (AITA), is the governing came the youngest man to win body of tennis in India. a Grandslam when he won the 2001 U.S. Open Championship. The India Davis Cup team represents India in Davis Cup ten The weight of a tennis ball is nis competition. 57 g Famous Indian Players Wimbledon is the worlds oldMahesh Bhoopathi, Leander est Lawn Tennis Tournament Pace, Dileep Bose, Ramanath (1877). Krishnan, Sania Mirza, Ravi The International Lawn Tennis Boppenna etc Federation was formed in 1913. Wimbledon Badminton Wimbledon Championship is Since 1992, badminton has the oldest tennis tournament in been an Olympic sport with five the world and is considered as events: men's and women's the most prestigious one. singles, men's and women's It has been held at the All Endoubles, and mixed doubles gland Club in the London sub- The game that was popularly urb of Wimbledon since 1877. known as Poona Game. It is the National game of Indone Centre Court is the main court sia and Malaysia. Badminton at the Wimbledon Championcourt measures 44 ft 20 ft for ship. doubles and 44ft 17 ft for Boris Becker youngest man singles and 44 ft 20 ft for to win Wimbledon. doubles. French Open The International Badminton The French Open is a major tenFederation (IBF) is the world nis tournament held over two governing body of Badminton. weeks between late May and It was formed in 1934. early June in Paris, France, at Terms associated with Badminthe Stade Roland Garros. ton are deuce, drop, let, love all, UP Open smash, drop Since 1978, it has been played Prakash Padukone (Indias on acrylic hard courts at the youngest National Champion), USTA Billie Jean King National P. Gopichand, Madhumita

Four major Tennis tournaments Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and U.S. Open

Number 3 in the world. Saina, won the gold medal in the Women's Singles badminton event in the 2010 Commonwealth Games held in New Delhi. Saina is the first Indian woman to reach the singles quarterfinals at the Olympics and the first Indian to win the World Junior Badminton Championships. Saina Nehwal made history on June 21, 2009, becoming the first Indian to win a Super Series tournament, by clinching the Indonesia Open. Saina became the first Indian Woman to reach the semi finals of 2010 AllEngland Super Series before losing to eventual champion Tine Rasmussen. Bisht are the famous Indian Badminton players. BWF Championship BWF (Badminton World Federation )Championship is also known as the World Badminton Championships. The tournament started in 1977 2010 Winners Mens Singles Chen Jin (China) Womens Singles Wang Lin

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Cups Associated with Badminton

Uber Cup (Womens International Cup), Thomas Cup (Mens International Cup), Yonex Cup, Konica Cup, S.R. Ruia Cup.

Volleyball

Terms associated with Basketball are Heldball, Jump ball, Pivot, Steal, Tap, Dribbling. Cups associated with Basket ball : William Jones Cup, B.C. Gupta Trophy, S.M. Arjuna Raja Trophy, Todd Memorial trophy etc. Magic Johnson and Michael Jordan are the world famous Basketball players.

Volleyball is an Olympic team sport. Volleyball was officially included in the 1964 Summer Olympics. Volleyball was invented by William G. Morgan (USA) in 1895. Its old name was Mintonette. There are 6 players in each team. Terms associated with Volleyball are blocking, heave, holding, service, volley, spiker. Trophies and Cups associated with Volleyball are Centennial cup, Indira Pradhan Trophy, Shivanthi Gold Cup, M.M. Joseph Memorial Trophy. The FIVB World Championship is a men's and women's indoor volleyball competition. 2010 World Champion - Men Brazil. Cuba (Runner up) Jimmy George, Dalel Singh, Abdul Basit are the famous Indian Volleyball players.

Archery

Archery is the oldest sport in the world. Terms associated with the game are Bow Sight, Nocking, Fight Shooting, Clout Shooting. Cups : Federation Cup. Dola Banerjee, Limba Ram, Shyam Lal, Krishna Das, Skalzang Dorzi, Jayant Talukdar are the famous players of India associated with Archery.

players. Indias Ace Chess Player Tania Sachdev won the Asian womens Chess Championship. Deep Blue, was the first machine to beat a reigning World Chess Champion when it defeated Garry Kasparov in 1997. Koneru Humpy is a Female Indian Chess Player. She holds a World No. 2 ranking among the Female Chess Players. Humpy held the record as the youngest woman ever to become a grandmaster.

Boxing

Chess

Basketball

Basketball was invented by James Naismith of Canada in 1891. The number of players in each team is five (womens team has 6 players). The game lasts for 40 minutes.

Chess originated in India. There are 64 squares on a Chess board. Each player has 16 pieces - a king, a queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights and eight pawns. Terms associated Castle, Checkmate, Stalemate, Diagonals, Bishop, Gambit, Rook, Pawn. Cups associated with Chess Naidu Trophy, Khaitan Trophy, Limca Trophy and World Cup. Federation International Des Echeces (FIDE) is the governing body of the game. Gary Kasparov, Anatoly Karpov, Gata Kamsky, Boris Spassky and Viswanathan Anand are world famous chess

Rules on Boxing is known as Queensberry Rules. Playing area of boxing area is called ring. Rabbit punch, break, cut, hook, jab, slam, upper cut are terms associated with boxing. The Yankee Stadium, in NewYork and Madison Square Garden in U.S.A. are associated with boxing. Famous persons: Mohammed Ali, Evander Holy Field, Mike Tyson, Lennox Lewis. Former name of Ali was Cassius Clay. He changed his name after joining the Nation of Islam in 1964. Akhil Kumar , Jitender Kumar, Diwakar Prasad, Vijender Kumar are famous players in India. Vijender Kumar won bronze medal - the first ever Olympic medal for an Indian boxer.

Golf

Playing area of Golf is called Golf Links. Golf was featured in the Summer Olympic Games official

programme in 1900 and 1904. IOC decided to reinstate this event for the 2016 Summer Olympics. Caddie, put, tee, bunker, dormy, fairway, fourball, links, par are terms associated with golf. Cups associated with Golf are P.G.A. Tour, Ryder Cup, Curtis Cup, E i sen h ower Cup, Momura Trophy, Prince of Wales Cup, Walker Cup, Muthiah Gold Cup. Sunday Lodge in Scotland is famous for Golf. Tiger Woods is the famous player associated with Golf. Major Championship The Masters, the U.S. Open, The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open) and the PGA Championship. Famous Golf Players of India Ali Sher, Arjun Atwal, Gaurav Ghei, Jeev Milkha Singh, Jyoti Randhawa, Shiv Kapur etc.

Shooting
The ISSF World Shooting Championships are governed by the International Shooting Sport Federation. Championship held every four years since 1954. Bulls eye, Target Magpie are the terms associated with Shooting. Jaspal Rana, Abhinav Bindra, Anjali Bhagavat and Sunny Thomas are the famous Indian shooters, Bisley in England is famous for the game. Famous Indian Shooters Abhinav Bindra, Anjali Bhagwat , Jaspal Rana, Dr. Karni Singh, Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, Randhir Singh | and Samresh Jung, Gagan Narang etc. Abhinav Bindra who won the first individual Olympic gold medalist for India. Also won the Commonwealth 2010 Gold. Major Rajyavardhan Rathore who won the silver medal in Men's Double Trap at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Karnam Malleswari and Kunjarani Devi are the world famous Indian Weightlifters. The Bardwan Trophy, Winchester Cup are associated with weightlifting. Weightlifting has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the 1920 Summer Olympics.

Wrestling
Wrestling is an ancient martial art that uses grappling type techniques such as clinch fighting, throws and takedowns, joint locks, pins and other grappling holds. Pehlwani is an Indian style of wrestling popular in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

Baseball

Billiards

Playing board measuring upto 10 ft long, 5 ft side and 3 ft high. Bolting, Cannon, Jigger, Cue are the terms associated with Billiards. Cue is the stick for playing Billiards. Geeth Sethi, Michael Ferreira, Pankaj Advani, Yasin Merchant and Bob Marshal are the famous players associated with Billiards. Geet Sethi - Five-time winner of the World Professional Championships, (1992, 1993 1995, 1998, 2006) Pankaj Advani -2009 World Professional Billiard Champion and 2010 Asiad Gold Medal Winner.

Weight lifting
World Weightlifting Championships is an event organised by International Weightlifting Federation (IWF). It was held since 1891. Bench press, Deed lift, Squat, Clean and Jerk and Snatch are the terms associated with Weightlifting. First Indian who got an olympic medal at the 2000 Sydney summer Olympics - Karnam Malleswari.

It is the national game of U.S.A. Baseball has nine players in each team. The game very much resembles cricket. Ground Measurements: Diamond shaped ground, 90ft, on each side and 127 ft, along the diagonals. Base, Battery, Bunting, Catcher, Diamond, Hitter, Home, Pegging, Pincher are the terms associated with Baseball. Brooklyn in U.S.A. is famous for the game.

Swimming

Swimming consists of four strokes: butterfly, breaststroke, freestyle, and backstroke. When all four strokes are done during a race, it is called medley swimming (individual medley). Breaststroke, butterfly, crawl,

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dolphin kick are terms associated with swimming. Personalities Sebastian Xavier, Wilson Cherian, Anil Sood, Rupali Repeli, Nisha Millet, Mihir Sen, Arati Saha, Alexander Popov, Ian Thorpe. Places associated with swimming are Subhas Sarovar (Kolkata), Talkatora Swimming Pool (New Delhi). The country which invented backstroke swimming was Egypt. Breast Stroke style in swimming is the slowest style.

Sports Institutes
Lekshmibai National College of Physical Education is located at Gwalior. (Madhya Pradesh) Tata Padukone Badminton Academy launched in 1994 in Bangalore by Prakash Padukone, Vimal Kumar & Vivek Kumar, all stalwarts of Indian badminton Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose National Institute of Sports is located at Patiala. (Punjab) Gopichand Badminton Academy (GBA), Gachibowli (Hyderabad) Dr DY Patil Sports Academy , Navi Mumbai Nehru Institute of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi, Uttaranchal Tamil Nadu Physical Education and Sports University, Chennai MRF Pace Foundation, Chennai National Cricket Academy Tata Football Academy, The Sports Research Institute is in Punjab. The first sports museum in India is at Patiala.

ICC Annual Awards 2010

Tendulkar ICC cricketer of the year Virender Sehwag Test cricketer of the year. AB de Villiers (South Africa) ODI player of the year award. Steven Finn ICC Emerging Player of the Year award. Mahendra Singh Dhoni Captain of the Test team of the year. Ponting Skipper of the ODI team of the year. Brendon McCullum Best T20 Performance of the year. Test team of the year India Women's Cricketer of the Year Shelley Nitschke (Aus)

Books written by Sports Stars

Straight from the Heart ........ Kapil Dev Sunny Days ........................ Gavaskar One more Over .............. E.S. Presanna The Goal ........................ Dhyanchand The Cutting Edge ....... Javed Miandad My Side ....................... David Beckam Cricket My way ................ Ian Botham Serious .......................... John McEnro My Autograph .............. Shane Warne Warts and All .............. Steeve Waugh A long innings ................. Vijay Hazare Indian Summers ................. John Write
Shane Warne Javed Miandad Steeve Waugh Vijay Hazare