Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
qxd
6/20/07
10:24 AM
Page 603
Answers to Exercises
and Pre/PostTests
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604
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Pretest 0.1
1. 1
2. -3
25. 1c - ax2/b
3. 3
4. 7
5. -2/3
6. 59/158 L 0.37342
29. RW/1W - R2
7. 20
30. M = 19, L = 12
8. 45
9. 4/3
27. V/1pr22
31. J = 16, M = 21
32. 84
33. w = 5, l = 13
Posttest 0.1
1. 1
2. 2
34. 12 cm
3. -3
4. 15
5. 17/2
6. -32/7
7. 2/9
8. -270/109 L -2.47706
9. 13x - 92/4
10. 6 ft
38. 4 hrs
39. 4 hrs
40. 25
41. 150
42. 36
43. 5/14
44. 12/15
45. $6,480
46. 3 yrs.
47. 4%
2. -6
3. 0
Pretest 0.2
4. 0
1. 0, 5/4
5. 8/3
2. 0, 4
6. 4
3. ;7/3
7. -2/9
4.
8. 26/11
5. 2, -13/6
9. 59/21
6. ;2 22i
; 23
2
; 2 22
3
10. 2
7.
11. -3/7
8. 5 ; 3 22
12. -14/11
13. 12
9. 5 ; 3 23i
10.
5 ; 2 25
2
14. 15
15. 8/15
Posttest 0.2
16. 10
1. 0, 3/7
17. -33
2. 0, 9/2
18. 29/7
3. ;9/4
19. 19/18
4. ;3/2
20. 65/84
5. ;1
21. 755/9
6. ;2 25i
2. 119 + 2y2/5
7.
; 26
4
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Page 605
44. 5 ; 2 23i
9. 5 ; 223i
45.
10.
- 4 ; 2 23
5
46.
47.
48.
49.
2 ; 5i
3
- 7 ; 6i
4
3 ; 2 26i
2
5 ; 3 22i
3
2 ; 2 23i
3
50. -3 ; 3 22
51.
52.
53.
2 ; 2 23
3
- 4 ; 5 25i
10
3 ; 2 25i
2
54. -7 ; 3 22
55.
56.
57.
- 7 ; 3 22i
2
15 ; 2 215
9
15 ; 2 215i
6
Pretest 0.3
13. ;223
1. 16
14. ;226
2. 9/4
15. ;5i
3. 5 ; 2 27
16. ;6i
4.
17. ;2i
5.
- 5 ; 3 25
2
6 ; 4 23
3
18. ;7i
19. ;3i
Posttest 0.3
20. ;4i
1. 36
21. ;225i
2. 25/4
2. ;222i
3. 6 ; 2 210
- 3 ; 3 25
2
23. ;4i
4.
24. ;322i
5. 2 ; 26
25. ;323i
26. ;223
27. ;422i
28.
29.
; 2170
10
; 2230
10
30. ;226i
31. -1, 5
32. -4, 5
33. -5/2, 3
34. -8, 2
35. -2, 10
36. -2, 5
37. -4/3, 4
38.
39.
40.
41.
7 ; 3 22
4
- 4 ; 2 25
5
3 ; 2 26
2
1 ; 2 22
3
4. 1x - 422 - 16
5. 1x - 522 - 25
6. 1x + 622 - 36
7. 1x + 3/222 - 9/4
8. 1x - 3/222 - 9/4
9. 1x - 5/222 - 25/4
42. -3 ; 3i
43. 4 ; 4i
605
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3. -1, 5/4
4.
20.
21.
2.
23.
- 5 ; 3 25
, -5.854, 0.854
2
5 ; 3 25
, -0.854, 5.854
2
3 ; 213
, -0.303, 3.303
2
- 3 ; 213
, -3.303, 0.303
2
27. 1, 1/6
28. -1 ; 227, -6.29, 4.29
- 5 ; 239i
2
- 1 ; 2119i
12
6. 19, -4, 42
9. (5, 0, 11)
33. 5 ; 5i
34. 4 ; 2 25i
35. 2 ; 223, -1.464, 5.464
36. -3 ; 223i
39.
8. 12, 0, -102
32. 6 ; 223i
38.
1. 11, 4, -112
31. 3 ; 214i
3 ; 23i
2
- 5 ; 215i
2
- 4 ; 214
,
2
4. 13, 7, -102
26. -7, 5
37.
25. -2, 5
30.
5. 7.129 sec.
2. 13, 7, -82
24. -1 ; 3i
29.
5 ; 223i
8
44.
45.
- 5 ; 255i
4
5 ; 2103i
8
9 ; 2321
, -0.743, 2.243
12
15 ; 2393
, -0.402, 2.902
12
- 2 ; 27
, -2.323, 0.323
2
5 ; 3 25
,
-0.171, 1.171
10
- 5 ; 3 25
, -5.854, 0.854
2
5 ; 3 25
, -0.854, 5.854
2
3 ; 213
, -0.303, 3.303
2
26. -1 ; 3i
27. -2, 5
28. -7, 5
51. b = 8, h = 5
29. 1, 1/6
31.
Pretest 0.4
1.
2 ; 214
2
2. 2 ; 25
3.
4.
4 ; 234
9
3 ; 23i
3
32.
33. 3 ; 214i
34. 6 ; 2 23i
35. -5 ; 5i
36. 4 ; 2 25i
37. 2 ; 2 23, -1.464, 5.464
38. -3 ; 2 23i
39.
Posttest 0.4
1.
2.
3 ; 241
8
1 ; 233
4
- 5 ; 239i
2
- 1 ; 2119i
12
40.
41.
3 ; 23i
2
- 5 ; 215i
2
- 4 ; 214
,
2
-3.871, -0.129
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3. x -4 or x 3
4. -4 6 x 6 3
5. -5/3 x 7/4
46.
47.
- 5 ; 255i
4
- 5 ; 2103i
8
6. x 6 -5/3 or x 7 7/4
7. x -5 or x 3/5
9 ; 2321
, -0.743, 2.243
12
15 ; 2393
, -0.402, 2.902
12
- 2 ; 27
,
-2.323, 0.323
2
5 ; 3 25
,
-0.171,
1.171
10
8. -5 6 x 6 3/5
9. -4 6 x 6 5/2
10. x 2/3 or x 3/4
11. x 0 or x 5/2
12. 0 6 x 6 5/2
13. x = -2 or x 3
14. x 3/2
55. 16.971 in
15. x -3 or 0 x 2
56. 13.416 in
16. -5 x -1 or x 2
57. (a) 0.195 sec or 4.805 sec (b) 5 sec (c) 5.807 sec
58. (a) 3.062 sec (b) 3.536 sec (c) 3.953 sec
18. x -4 or x -3
59. 4ft
19. 2 6 x 6 5
20. x 6 -7 or x 7 6
2. x 6 -4/3 or x 7 3/2
63. 4 hr
66. -4/3, 8
67. -17/2, 3
27. -4 x 0 or x 4
68. 6/13, 4
28. x 6 -4 or 0 6 x 6 4
69. ;2
29. -5 x 0 or x 5
70.
2
312 2
3 36
2 , 3
30. x 6 -5 or 0 6 x 6 5
+ 110
2
= ; 34
+ 2 210
2
Pretest 0.5
31. -4 x 4
32. x 6 -1 or x 7 1
33. x -5/2 or x 4
34. -5/2 6 x 6 4
1. x -4 or x 2/3
35. -17/6 6 x 6 2
2. x 6 0
36. x -17/6 or x 2
3. x 3/2 or x 7 5
37. x -11/20 or x 1
4. -11/4 6 x 6 4/3
38. -11/20 6 x 6 1
5. x 6 -4 or 0 x 1 or 2 x 6 4
39. x -2 or 1 x 6 3
40. -2 6 x 6 1 or x 7 3
Posttest 0.5
1. x -3/2 or x 2/5
2. 3/4 6 x 6 1
43. x 0 or x = 3/2 or x 7 4
3. -3/2 6 x 5/2
4. -4/5 6 x 6 3
45. x 6 3 or x 7 8
46. 3 6 x 8
47. x 6 -3 or x 4
48. -3 6 x 6 4
49. 1 6 x 3
50. x 6 1 or x 7 3
607
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51. x 7 3
52. x 6 3
53. x -6 or -5 6 x 6 5 or x 6
54. -6 6 x 6 -5 or 5 6 x 6 6
11. y = -3x + 11
55. x -3 or x = 0 or 12 6 x 2
12. y = 12 x + 1
13. y = 16 x
59. -222 x 2 22
16. x = -1
60. x 6 -2 22 or x 7 222
17. y = -6
61. 1 - 22 6 x 6 1 + 22
18. y = 2x + 4
62. x 1 - 22 or x 1 + 22
19. x = 12
20. y = 8
64. 2 - 325 x 2 + 3 25
21.
65.
66. - q 6 x 6 q
Pretest 1.1
1. y = 2x + 5
2. 5/2
3. -9/2
4. 9/5
5. y = 3x - 11
6. x = 5
7. y = 2
8. 5x - 2y = 16
9. 3x - 2y = 8
2.
10. 2x + 3y = 27
Posttest 1.1
1. y = 3x - 3
2. -2/7
3. 12/7
4. 6
5. -3x + 2y = 38
6. y = 6
7. x = 5
8. x + 11y = 47
9. 2x + 5y = 5
23.
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28.
25.
29.
26.
30.
y = 19/4
27.
31.
609
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610
32.
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x = 1
37.
33.
38.
34.
39.
35.
x = 12
(12, 0)
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Page 611
611
54. 24
55. -2
56. 0
57. no slope
58. 4/7
59. x = 1
60. 7x - 5y = 59
61. 8x + 5y = 0.
62. y = 4
63. x = 12
64. y = 12 x + 3
2
5x
65. 14x + 2y = 3
66. y = 24x - 9
37
5
67. y = -2x
68. y = -5
69. x = 12
(0, 37/5)
70. y = 47 x + 4
71. y = 3x - 8
72. (a) 2x - 5y = 16
(b) 5x + 2y = -18
73. (a) 3x + 7y = -18
(0, -6/5)
(b) 7x - 3y = 16
74. (a) 3
(b)
C2
2 AB
C
` 2A2 + B2
AB
78. (b) no
(c) examine the slopes
79. t = -0.05x + 4000
80. 130
81. 166
43. (a) y = -6/5
(b) x = 3
82.
(c)
44. (a) y = -6
(b) x = -14
45. y = 1, y = -7
(a)
46. x = 8, x = -4
47. no slope
48. 7/5
49. -8/5
(b)
50. 0
51. no slope
52. 12
53. -7
(d) They are horizontal translations of each other. Each graph may be obtained from (a) by moving it 3 units to the left or right.
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83.
(b)
(a)
(c)
(e) 3x + 3h - 5
18. (a) -1
(d) They are vertical translations of each other. Each graph may be obtained
from (a) by moving it 4 units Up or down.
(b) 7
(c) 1
(d) 18x2 - 1
(e) 2x2 + 4xh + 2h2 - 1
84.
(d)
(c) 4/3
(e)
(e) 1x + h + 12/12x + 2h - 32
20. (a) 0
(a)
(b)
(b) 0
(c) 12
(d) 48
(c)
(e) 4x22x + 1
(f) They are each obtained from (a) by moving it 4 units up or down and simultaneously moving it 3 units to the left or right.
21. 3
85. The second line is obtained from the first by moving it h units horizontally
and k units vertically.
23. m
87. (a) 2x + y = 6
25. 2x + h + 3
2. 5
24. 2x + 2h - 5
(b) 2x - y = 4
26. 4x + 2h + 3
(c) 4x + 3y = 2
27. 10x + 5h - 4
-2
x1x + h2
30.
-4
1x - 321x + h - 32
31.
1
1x + h + 3 + 1x + 3
2. Is a function
32.
2
12x + 2h - 1 + 12x - 1
3. Is a function
33. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
89.
2m2 + 1
4. Is a function
(b)
5. Is not a function
(c) - q 6 y 6 q
6. Is a function
7. Is not a function
8. Is a function
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Page 613
40. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(b)
(c) - q 6 y 6 q
(c) y 0
35. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(c) y 5
41. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(c) y 0
36. (a) - q 6 x 6 q
(b)
(c) y 4
42. x Z 3/2
43. x Z -5/2
44. x Z -4/3, 3/2
45. x Z -3, 0, 3
46. Not
37. (a) x 0
47. Is
(b)
48. Is
(c) y 0
49. Is
50. Is
51. Is
52. Is
53. Is
54. Is
1.75
1.25 + 0.50d
d 6 1
d 1
(b) $6.25
80
56. (a) C1h2 = c 25 + 55h
67 + 48h
(b) $245
h 6 1
1 h 6 6
h 6
(c) $403
16 + 3a
57. h1a2 = c 28 + 2a
66
(b) 43 in
(c) 58 in
58. (a) 7x + 5
(b) -x - 9
(c) 12x2 + 13x - 14
(d)
3x - 2
4x + 7
x Z - 74
a 6 12
12 a 19
a 7 19
613
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59. (a) x2 + 2x - 3
73.
(b) -x + 2x - 3
(c) 2x3 - 3x2
(d)
2x - 2
x2
x Z 0
3x + 7
x Z ;
2x2 - 3
26
2
74.
(c) 121x3 + x2 + 5x + 52
(d)
62. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2x2 + 10
x + 1
7x - 4
x Z -1
x2 - 4
-1x + 82
x2 - 4
12x + 6
1x + 2221x - 22
3x - 6
4x + 2
x Z ;2
75.
63. (a) 2x + 9 - q 6 x 6 q
(b) 4x2 + 12x + 12 - q 6 x 6 q
64. (a) x + 2 x 1
(b) x2 + 2 - q 6 x 6 q
12 + 2x
65. (a)
x Z 0, 4
12 - 3x
121x - 32
(b)
x Z -2, 3
x + 2
66. (a) x
-q 6 x 6 q
(b) x
-q 6 x 6 q
67. (a) x
-q 6 x 6 q
(b) x
-q 6 x 6 q
68. (a) x
76. (a) 5
(b) -5
(c) 5
-q 6 x 6 q
(d) -6
(b) x x -1
69. (a) x
77. (a) 5
-q 6 x 6 q
(b) -5
(b) x x -3/2
(c) 6
(d) -5
78.
3
2
1
1
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Page 615
615
81.
(c) 2x + h - 2y2
(d) -4xy - 2kx - 9y2z2 - 9kyz2 - 3z2k2
(e) -6y3z - 3y3l + 2z + l
2. It reduces to $80
3. $500
4. $27
5. $33
6. C1x2 = 0.4x + 2000, R1x2 = 1.2x, P1x2 = 0.8x - 2000, x = 2500
7. C1x2 = 0.8x + 1000, overhead = $1000, Marginal cost = $0.80
8. $30 and $3800.
9. C1x2 = 0.75x + 4500, R1x2 = 2.25x
3 x, g1x2 = x4 - 7x2 + 3x - 2
86. f1x2 = 2
-7x - 3
2
13. f1x2 = d
2
6x - 22
x 6 1
1 x 6 3 f1 -22 = 11/2, f102 = -3/2, f122
x 3
= 2, f152 = 8
89. x L 16 miles
91. (a) 3,
14. f1x2 = c
(b) -15
(c) 2x - 2y 2 + h
(d) -4xy - 2xk - 9y2 - 9yk - 3k2
(e) 4 + h - 2y2
x 1
1 6 x 2
x 7 2
2x - 1
1
x - 1
15. f1x2 = c
1
-x
2x - 3
x -1
-1 6 x 1 f1 -22 = 1, f11.52 = -1.5, f152 = 7
x 7 1
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16. -2, 3, 0
6.5x - 19.5
6.5x - 13
24. T1x2 = d
6.5x - 65
6.5x
x 6 10
10 x 6 20
20 x 6 30
x 30
(b) -1 (c) -1
2.
(b) 2 (c) 2
3.
(b) 3 (c) 3
4.
(b) -3 (c) -3
5.
(b) 1 (c) 1
17. 2,2,3,6,6
18. 1, -1, 1, 3, 1
0 6 x 14,000
14,000 6 x 56,800
56,800 6 x 114,650
114,650 6 x 174,700
174,700 6 x 311,950
x 7 311,950
x 100
100 6 x 1000
x 7 1000
C(x)
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Page 617
(b) -1 (c) -1
7.
(b) 1 (c) 1
8.
9.
10.
11.
617
12.
13.
14.
15.
- 2 ; 222
2
; 210
2
16.
- 8 ; 214
2
17.
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
618
18.
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Page 618
- 5 ; 297
4
24.
; 2145
4
20.
35. y = -3x2 + 5x + 8
36. (a) x2 = 4py (b) x2 = -4py
21.
2.
; 2217
8
(3, 0)
2. C14, 22 r = 3
23.
(4, -1)
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Page 619
6. C1-3, -22 r = 3
(4,-1)
4. C13, -22 r = 5
7. C10, 02 r = 2
(3, -7)
5. C1-1, -42 r = 2
8. C10, 02 r = 5
619
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Page 620
9. C1-3, 52 r = 5
11. C1-4, 32 r = 4
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Page 621
621
32.
(c)
(a)
(b)
16. Contradiction
17. Contradiction
18. Contradiction
34. (a) y =
19. Circle
20. Point
169
12
3 -25
x
4
4
169
12
x 33 (b) 34. (b) 35 (b) the y-values on the tangent line
5
5
and on the circle near the point of tangency are almost the same
35. (a) y =
21. Point
22. Contradiction
23. point
36.
24. Point
36.
25. Circle
26. (a) b2 + c2 -4ad 7 0
(b) b2 + c2 -4ad = 0
(c) a = 0, bc Z 0,
(d) b2 + c2 -4ad 6 0
27. (a) 223
(b) 4
(c) 223
28. (a) -223
(b) -4
(c) -2 23
29. (a) 3 + 215
(b) 3 + 225
(c) 3 + 27
30. (a) 3 - 215
(b) 3 - 225
(c) 3 - 27
31. (a) 5 + 226
(b) 5 - 226
(c) 8
(d) 2
37.
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38.
42. (a)
3 221
5
(b) (c)
3 221
5
6 26
5
(d) -
6 26
5
43.
39.
44.
40.
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Page 623
6. (a) Supply, p = 10
8.
2p +x 300 = 0
4. (a) Demand, x = 110/7, p = 21
Demand
Supply
8p x 200 = 0
p +14x -490 = 0
5. (a) Supply, p = 40
Demand
Supply
-5p + 2x + 70 = 0
623
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Page 624
10.
Supply
7p + 2x + 7
19. p = -1.5x + 110, 73.33 million, which would exceed population of NYC
(and capacity of system)
=0
Demand
(c) (7, 3)
(d) R1x2 = x216 - x
(e) 21
11.
20. (13/4, 107/8)
21. (140/9, 760/9)
Supply
2. (2, 9)
23. (50, 350)
24. (17/3, 35/3)
Demand
(c) (11, 5)
(b) 12,000
(c) 196
(e) 55
12.
Supply
Demand
x2 + 6x 384 + 12p = 0
(c) 4
(b) $25
(d) 10
15. 2x - 5p + 15 = 0
16. 7x - 600p + 2400 = 0
34. n =
400 - x
3
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5. -3, 0, 3
1. -3, 4
6. -2, 0, 2
2. 4, -3
7. -3/2, 0, 3/2, 3
3. No zeros
8. 0, 2
4. -2, 2
625
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
626
9. -3
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Page 626
10. -3, 3
36. x = 2
37. x = -2
38. None.
39. y = 2
40. y = 0
41. y = 0
42. y = 3/2
43. None
44. y = 2
45. y = 0
46. y = 0
11. 0, 1
47.
12. Even
13. Even
14. Neither
15. Odd
16. Neither
17. Neither
18. Odd
19. Odd
20. Even
21. Odd
22. Even
23. Odd
24. Origin
48.
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6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 627
53.
54.
50.
51.
55.
52.
56.
627
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
628
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 628
57. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 629
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
629
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
630
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 630
59. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 631
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
631
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
632
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 632
(b)
1. (a)
(b)
(c) y -8/25 or y 7 0
(d) 11/4, -8/252
62. Observe
2x - 4
10
= 2 x + 3
x + 3
(c) 4267.7
64. f1x2 = 0
65. Yes, also symmetry with respect to the x-axis.
2. (a)
x = 5/2
y = 2x 11
(b)
70.
(c)
y = 1108x + 10442
y = 4x2
x = 3
y = 688x + 6092
x=3
(d) Widening
(f) $9,810
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 633
(b) 1.608
(c) It is widening
633
7. (a)
(b) The money spent on each form of advertising grows changes the same
way.
4. (a)
(b) R = 0.985237
(b) 1077.3
(c) 1997
(b)
9. For 1977 to 1982,
(c) 0.976633
(d) 7.2
6. From the data, there is certainly some correlation between number of wins
and bating average.
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
634
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 634
(c)
(b) f1x2 = e
36x + 428 if x 21
1100
if x 23
(c) Riding became safer (perhaps because of helmet usage, or some other reason.
11. (a)
(d)
(b) f1x2 = e
0.207x + 3.44
x 10
-0.067857x + 5.996 x 11
(c) The divorce rate in the 1980s decreased.
4.28x + 137.6
x 4
-5.75x + 179.75 x 5
(b) Something in the country resulted in the decrease, perhaps better health
15.
13.
16.
14. (a)
Chapter Review
1.
(b)
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 635
y=4
x = 2
x=4
y = 1
2
16
3. y = x +
3
3
4. y = - 12 x - 3
(b) [2, 8]
(c) A 5, 23 B
(b) $330
21. x Z 3
(b)
6. y = 5/4x 12
7. 2x - 3y = 6
8. (a) 3x - 4y = 17
(b) 4x + 3y = 6
9. No, same x corresponds to different y
10. (a) -5/3
(b) 7
(c) 3
2
11. (a)
(b)
3x + 10x + 8
3 - 2x
x + 2
-6x2 + x + 12
(c) 3/2, -4/3
2. NA = not available
x
f(x)
-2
-1
-2
-3
NA
NA
-2
-3
(b) f1x + 22
-2
-3
NA
NA
(c) f1x2 + 2
-1
11
(d) f1x2 - 4
-1
-6
-7
-3
(e) f1x - 22 + 3
NA
NA
(f) f1x + 22 + 4
11
13
NA
NA
(b) 5 + 2h
(c) 4x + 2h - 3
(d) same as before.
13. (a) x 3/4
(b)
(a) f1x - 22
635
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
636
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 636
33. (a)
T
Note: y-values are positive on 1 -3, -2.52
(b) Turning points are indicated in sketch by T. (There is also one in the interval 1-3, -2.52
34.
x = -1
x=1
y=2
Zeros: x = 4, 3/2
(d) odd
(e) even
y2
x2
+
= 1
16
25
36. (a)
31.
(b)
32.
(c)
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 637
10. (a)
1. -1
2. 3/4
mPQ
4.99
4.999
4.9999
5.0001
5.001
5.01
.166713
.166710
.166710
.166710
.166662
.1666204
1.001
1.00001
0.9999
0.999
.299895
.30000
.300011
.3001051
3. -4/3
(b) 1/6
4. (a)
11. (a)
Q
mPQ
(1, 4)
(b) 0.3
(c) 2
12. 6
5. (a)
13. 0
14. 2
15. -5
16. 1/4
(2, 1)
17. 12
18. 2x - 7
19.
(c) -5
1
2 1x
20. -6x + 7
6.
21. (a) 0
(b) The TL is the line itself which has slope 0.
22. m
(3,2)
23. -3/x2
24. 2/x2
25.
1
+ 2/x2
2 1x
26. and
(c) 1/4
7. (a)
(2, 8)
(c) 12
31. (a)
8. (a)
(c) 0
(1, 0)
y=0
9. (a)
Q
0.99
0.999
0.9999
1.0001
1.001
1.01
mPQ
1.99
1.999
1.9999
2.0001
2.001
2.01
(b) 4
(c) 1
(b) 2
637
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
638
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 638
32. (a)
6. 14x6 +
12
21
-
x5
4x7/4
1
1
+ 7 + 128x3
32
3 x2
42
4 x3
8
32
8. 3/4 + 3 + 14v
v
v
7.
9. -32t + 256
10.
5
-5
- 2
12
u
11. 2x
(b) 2x
(c) 1
(d) Does not exist
33. (a) (5/2, 0)
(b) -2
13. y =
145
575
x 3
3
14. y =
25
56
x 12
3
15. y = 72 x + 1
(c) 2
34. (a)
-b 4ac - b2
,
b
2a
4a
19. y = -
1
79
x +
11
11
20. (a) -6 6 x 6 0 or 0 6 x
(b) x 6 -6
21. (a) (64, 24),
(b) (0, 0)
(b) 2x + 7
(c) 9
22. Area = 2k
(d) 9
36.
-.1
-.01
4.6416
21.544
-.001
-.0001
.0001
.001
.01
.1
(b) 0.162
-p22
-.0464
.0464
0.1
(c) x =
0.2154 0.4642
+ 3 22
(d) 0.177
1/3
(e) 0.708
26. 57x56
38. (a) 0
27.
(b) m
(c) -3/x2
-2
28.
(d) 2/x2
29.
1. 10
1
2 1x
31. 1/12
2
1/3
- 12x3 -
4. 15x4 - 3x1/2 +
5.
x3
2. 2
3.
2
3x1/3
6x5 + 7x2 - 6
3x4
4
x
5
x6
16
4
x +
3
3
(b) 15.866667
32. (a) y =
(c) 15.866387
33. 3.9995
34. (a) 4
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 639
30. (a)
35. (a) 7
(b) (2, 5)
36.
r + s
2
5. 3
6. 7
(b) no
7. -15
32. (a)
8. 5
9. 18
10. (a) 0
(b) 1
(c) -4
11. (a) 0,
(b) 6
12. 1/8
(b) x = 1
13. 9/2
(c) removable
15. -1
(b) -1
16. 9/13
(c) -1
17. 1/6
(d) 1
18. - 12
35. (a) 0
19. 2
(b) 0
23
20.
6
36. (a) 25
(b) 25
21. 0
(c) 49
22. 16/25
(d) 49
23. 2x
(e) 59
1
24.
221 + x
25. (a) 1
(f) 60
(g) removable discontinuity at x = 5, non-removable one at x = 9.
(h)
(b) 0
(c) 1
26. (a) 1
(b) -1
(c) -1
(d) 1
27. (a) Any graph without holes or jumps will do.
(b) f1x2 = x is one such example.
1
28. There are many possibilities, for example, f1x2 =
or
2
2
1x
121x
- 52
1x - 121x - 252
f1x2 =
1x - 121x - 52
639
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
640
7/5/07
12:39 PM
Page 640
66. No
40. Continuous
70. (b) x = 27
44. Continuous
45. Continuous
46. Continuous
(b) yes
(b) possible but not guaranteed
74. Yes, it follows from Ex. 68
76. (a) 8
(b) -1
(c) max at x = 3, min at x = 0
77. C is continuous on 2
75 so Ex 75 is applicable
47. (a)
(b) x = 1
(c) f112 = 1
(d) no.
48. f122 = 4, differentiable
1. 3/2
2. 5/6
3. 0
4. q
5. (a) q
(b) q
(c) q
(d) - q
6. (a) - q
(b) q
7. 5/2
9. (a) 0
8. - q
(b) 0
10. 8
11. 0
12. 8/9
13. (a) q
61. (i) Rem disc at x = 0 (ii) Not diff at x = 0 (iii) d102 = 2 (iv) not diff.
62. (i) Cont. for x 7 1 (ii) not diff. at x = 3 and 4
14. (a) q
(b) q
15. (a) q
(b) 6x y
(b) q
64. (a) 6x + 5
16. - q
(b) 4y - 11
1
65. (a) f1x2 =
1x - 121x - 22
(b) f1x2 =
(b) - q
1x2 - 121x2 - 42
1x - 121x - 22
17. (a) 0
(b) q
18. (a) 1/1000
(b) q
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
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Page 641
(d)
20. (a) x = 0
(b) x = 1
(c) y = 2
(d)
24. (a) x = -2
(b) x = 4
(c) y = -2
(d)
21. (a) x = 2
(b) x = -1
(c) y = -1
(d)
25. (a) x = 0
(b) x = 3/2
(c) y = 12
(d)
26. (a) x = 0
(b) x = ;1
(c) y = 0
(d)
641
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
642
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 642
27. (a) x = 0
(b) none
(c) y = 0
(d)
31. (a) 2
(b) -2
32. (a) 1
(b) -1
33. (a) x = -3/2, 2/3
(b) x = 0, 3/5
(c) y = 12/5
(d)
28. (a) x = 0
(b) none
(c) y = 4
(d)
34. (a) x = 0
(b) none
(c) y = ;2
(d)
29. (a) x = 0
(b) x = ;2
(c) y = 4
(d)
35. (a) x = 0
(b) x ; 1
(c) y = ;2
(d)
30. (a) x = 0
(b) x = -1
(c) y = 3
(d)
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 643
44.
1 ; 217
8
(c) y = 2
(d)
2. 2x3150x6 + 135x2 + 82
3. 2x13x4 + 4x2 - 72
215
5
(b) x = -1.23297
39. (a) x = ;
(c) y = 0
7. -18/1x + 322
4x12x3 - 21x - 52
8.
12x2 + 722
9. -6/x3
10.
(d)
4x5 - 2x2 - 3
4x2
5
11.
2x - 3x2 + 16
3x5
12. y = -3x + 1
13. 3/17
14. y = 52/3x - 84/5
15. y = 6x - 2
41. y = 2x + 3
42. y = 3x - 2
43.
1 - x2
1x2 + 122
643
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
644
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 644
29. g1x2 =
5t2 - 3
31t2 - 122/3
82
3 4t1t + 32
31t + 421/3
1. (a) x + 5
(b) 1x + 52
28. y = -296x + 8
3 - 2x
x
1
(b)
3x - 2
29. y =
2. (a)
-13
x + 16
6
(b) 7y 6
3. (a) x + 2 1x + 1
(b) x + 1
3 - 2x
4. (a)
4x - 3
-1x + 42
(b)
6
dx
dy
dx
+ 5x4y7
dy
dx
5. (a) 1/x
(c) 30y1y + 221y3 + 3y2 + 429
(b) 1/x
32. 2x1x4 - 12
7. (a) x
33. 3x2 a
8. f1x2 = x , g1x2 = 3x - 7
9. f1x2 = x3/5, g1x2 = 5x3 - 7x + 3
10. f1x2 = x3, g1x2 =
2x + 3
2x - 4
12. f1x2 =
, g1x2 = x
2x2 + 4
13. 1712x + 321x2 + 3x + 1216
3110x - 72
14.
415x2 - 7x + 221/4
-13t + 12
15.
13t2 + 2t23/2
312x2 + 12
16.
222x3 + 3x + 2
-100u
17.
15u2 + 923/2
18. 2x51x2 - 927111x2 - 272
12x11x2 - 122
19.
1x2 + 124
35.
22.
2x
x2 + 1
36. 2xS21x22
12 4
1x + 5213
13
39.
1 6
1x + 5211
11
(c) [f1x2]N has horizontal tangents at the zeros of f and at the horizontal tangents of f.
41. (a) f1x2 = x1/2, g1x2 = 5x3 - x10, h1x2 = x2 - 4
42. 6x2S212x32
43.
3 +
2 +
-1
1x - 123/2 2x + 1
r135r2 - 262
x6 + 1
34. 2xE1x22
x6 - 1
dy
dx
44.
1
1x
2 23x + 2 1x
2 32x + 23x + 2 1x
16689645 26
45.
32
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Page 645
6.
1. (a)
(a) P1x2 = -
1 2
x + 40x - 1000
10
(b) 2000
(i) 1060.10
(c) P = -1/5x + 40
(ii) 1070
(d) 50
(b)
(e)
(i) 9.90
(ii) 9.90
(c) 0.002
(d) 10.70
2. 654, 656 (or 652)
3. (a)
(i) 240
(ii) 241.90
(b) 1.90
(c) 1.80 (or 2.00)
7. (a) 80
(b) 16
(c) 64
8. (a) 112
(b) 16
(c) -48
9. (a) s = -16t2 + 176t
(b) 112 ft/sec
(c) -32th - 16h2 + 176h
(d) -32t - 16h + 176
R' = -5/2x + 7
At x = 14/5, R is maximized
(d) $3.50, 2.8 million
1
5. (a) P1x2 = - x2 + 30x - 500
20
(b) 2000
(c) P = -1/10x + 30
(d) 35
5(e)
21. -5/48
22. -9
645
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
646
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 646
23. (a) 6t - 12
(b) t 7 2
24. (a) 8t - 8
(b) t 7 1
2
25. (a) 3t - 6t - 9
(b) t 6 -1 or t 7 3
26. a
28. (d)
v20
64
13.
14.
16. (a)
(b)
211 - v32
3sv2
3sv2
211 - v32
1 s -
1
t
t
1
362
79
x +
373
373
3
25
19. (a) (i) y = - x +
4
4
3
25
(ii) y = x 4
4
7
1
20. (a) y = - x +
3
3
7
1
(b) y = x 3
3
18. y =
21.
15 22
8
22. (a) y =
3
5
x +
4
4
(b) a 2, ;
36. 3/16
217
b
3
(c) When tan line is vertical, f1x2 = x3 - 12x - 1 = 0, but f13) 6 0 and
f142 7 0, therefore f1x2 = 0 at least once on (3, 4)
37. -9
38. -5/72
39. (a) -2 + 25
(b)
4xy + 3x2y 2 + 5y 4 + 2y
y 1/31216x5/4 + 36x1/4 - 272
15. -1/3
+ S0
225 - t
(c) it becomes infinitely large
23. (a) y = - a
k 1/3
b 1x - h2 + k
h
1. -3/8
1. a = b = 110, g = 70
2. 1
2. a = b = 60, g = 120
3. 0
3. a = u = 115, b = d = h = 65
4. 1/4
4. 15/2, 9, 12
5. -x2/y2
5. 3, 4, 5
4x
6.
9y
7. 54in
7. -y/x or -7/x2
8.
2x - y
x
x15 + 6y22
y11 - 6x22
y 1/3
10. - 1/3
x
6x2y3 + 4y 2 - 6xy
11.
3x2 - 8xy - 6x3y2
2y211 + x3y22
12. 2
x 13 - 2x2y32
9.
(b) 1-9/2, 42
3
13
10. y = - x +
8
2
11. (a) 4.8 ft
(b) 12.8 ft
12. 2.4in, 3in, 4in
13. 80ft
14. (a) y =
4
5
1
1
29
30
,y = - x +
x + ,y = - x +
5
5
2
2
7
7
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 647
27. (a)
647
dy
dy
=
dx
(b) -
dt
dx
dt
2x
3y2
11
8
8. y = - x +
5
5
1. 27
2. 6
3. -4
4. 256/767
(e) 2.258259
5. ;5/2
2. 1.626577
6. 1/6
3. 1.903654
4. -1.4526269, 1.164035
dy
dx
+ y
x
dz
dt
dt
8. (a)
=
dt
z
(b) 50mph
10. -2 in/sec
22
(b)
L 0.1179 in/min
12
12. decr.
10
L 0.1989 ft/sec
16p
13. r = 7.56%
Chapter Review
1. (a) -2x - 2
(b) y = -4x + 7
(c) 1-1, 72
-4
1x + 122
1
7
(b) y = - x +
4
4
2. (a)
(b) y =
(i) 820, 620, 320
(ii) 410, 15190/3, 9680/3
1
10
+ 3
2 1x
x
25
35
x 2
2
8
3x2/3
68
95
- x +
3
3
3. (a) 8x3 - 6x +
4. (a) -
20
x5
(b) y =
5. (a) 2
(b) 25/6
6. (a) 12
(b) -4/3
x17x3 + 42
7. (a)
2 2x3 + 1
(b) y = 20x - 28
x1x3 + 402
8. (a)
21x3 + 1023/2
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
648
10:25 AM
Page 648
(b) y = 9. (a)
6/20/07
13
7
x 18
18
9x2
21. (a)
2. y =
7
25
x +
24
8
14. 16 ft
23. 1.25307
16. 3 ft/min
17. 5 ft/sec
18. y =
1.
9
5
x 4
2
19. (a)
2.
(b) -3, 3
(c) -3, 3
3.
4.
(b) 1
(c) 1
(d) f112 = 1
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 649
25. (8, 4)
26. (0, 0)
27. (0, 4)
28. (a) M = 18, m = 6
(b) None
29. (a) M = 3, m = 2
(b) M = 6, m = 3
(c) M = 6, no min
30. (a) M = 14, m = -13
(b) M = 39, m = -121
6.
7. (a) D
(b) M = 18, m = 2
4 26
9 ,
(b) C, G
34. M =
(c) B, D, F
35. (a) No
(d) C, E
m = 0
(b) No
8. (a)
36. (a) No
(b) No
(c) Min at (1. 1), Yes 1
9.
40. (a) M =
324
3 ,
m = 0
(b) none
11. (1, 2)
12. (0, 0)
13. A
b 4ac - b2
- 2a
, 4a
18. (0, 2)
24. 1-3, 02 A 0, 3 2
3 3 B , 13, 02
7. Dec on 1 6 x 6 3; inc on x 6 1 or x 7 3
9. Dec on x 6 0, inc on x 7 0
10. Dec on x 6 2; inc on x 7 2
649
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
650
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 650
16. N(0, 0)
b 4ac 17. A - 2a
, 4a
b2
B is a m if a 7 0 is a M if a 6 0
29.
30.
31.
26.
32.
27.
33.
28.
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 651
651
34.
(c)
(0, 9 )
26
3
26
3
(d) 0
17. (a) v = 15t2 - 15t4, a = 30t - 60t3
(b) 0, 1; 0,
(-3,0)
(c)
(3, 0)
(d)
22
2
26
6
22
2
18. (a)
35.
(1, f(1))
(0, f(0))
(b) yes
19. (a)
(2, f(2))
(-1, f(-1))
(5,f(5))
(c)
37. 6 * 12
I4
I5
38. 70 cents
I1
I3
I2
m
2. (a) 20x3 + 6
20.
(b) 24x2 + 6
I3
3. (a) -24/x5
-1
3/2
411 - t2
(b)
I1
I2
I4
(c) 6
213x2 + 521x4 + 10x2 + 12
4. (a)
1x - 12
8
2
5.
- 24
3
13x + 12
6. (a) 0
22. Always CU
(b) 0
23. Always CD
(c) 18
24. (a) CU
(d) 0
(b) CD
(e) 0
7. 4a4x3 + 3a3x2 + 2a2x + a1; 12a4x2 + 6a3x + 2a2; 24a4x + 6a3; 24a4; 0;
they are all 0
4
10. 3/x
11. -1/y3
12.
13.
-9
3
2y
-9
3
2y
- 3 23
2 ,
- 3 23
2
- 23
8
or 0 6 x 6
B , 10, 02 and A
3 23
2 ;
3 23 23
2 , 8
33. CD if -1 6 x 6 1, otherwise CU
CU if
- 3 23
2
6 x 6 0 or x 7
3 23
2 ,
Inf
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
652
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 652
34. CD on x 6 3
49.
35. CD on -3 6 x 6 3
36. Always CU
37. CD if x 6 0 or x 7 243 CU if 0 6 x 6 243 I10, 02 and (243, 27)
38. Always CU
39. CU if x Z 0
40. m(1, 2)
41. m(3/2, 45/4), M(2/3, 335/27)
42. m1-3, 1012, M1-2, 1082, m11, -272
43. m1-3, 02, M1-1, 162, m11, 02
44. m1-3/2, -1/42, M13/2, 1/42
50.
MA6
- 2 23 16 23
, 9
3
B, mA6
+ 2 23 - 16 23
, 9
3
45.
51.
52.
m at A ;2 23, -144 B
46.
53.
m at A ;2 23, -119 B
47.
54.
Additional x-intercepts at ;223
48.
22 567 22
22
I1 A - 3 10
, 5000 B , I3 A 3 10
,
- 567 22
5000
B other zeros x =
; 215
5
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 653
653
59.
m A - 83 ,
- 16 23
9
60.
56.
I2(4/5, 2048/3125)
57.
61.
other zeros: x = ;2 22
62.
58.
Note: Vertical tangent line at (0, 0), zero at x = 32 Inflection at (243, 27)
I1 A - 3223 ,
- 23
8
23
B , I3 A 3 23
2 , 8 B
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
654
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 654
63.
69.
M(2, f(2))
(0, f(0))
m(-2, f(-2))
70.
M(-1, f(-1))
M(1, f(1))
64.
(-.5,f(-.5))
(.5,f(.5))
m(0, f(0))
65.
71. (a) neither
(b) m(2, 0)
(c) M(2, 0)
(d) neither at (1, 0), M1-3, 02, m1-5/7, -137.5112
73. (a) f1x2
(b) 2f1x2
76. (a) b2 - 3ac 7 0
66.
(7, f(7))
75. 3
80. a0 = 1, a1 = 5, a2 = 10, a3 = 10, a4 = 5, a5 = 1
(-1, f(-1))
(5, f(5))
5. 15 * 15
7. (a) 100 * 200
67.
(2,7)
(0,5)
(-4,3)
(-1,1)
8. (a) 20 * 40
(5,2)
(b) 20 22 * 2022
9. 2400 ft.
m(-2,-2)
10. x = 60, y = 40
11. x = 20, y = 24
68.
M(1, f(1))
13. 6 * 6 * 3
14. 5 * 5 * 2
(2, f(2))
3
2
3p
3
1/3 ,
p
h =
24
1/3
p
17. 2 cm
m(3, f(3))
30
p + 4,
y =
60
p + 4
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 655
20. 48 * 24 * 24
655
(b) 3 miles
1. (a) y = -2x + 5
(b) y = 10x - 7
4
210
8
12
,
213 213
24. (1, 1)
25. (a) A 6 ,
213
9
213
- 12 - 4
,
B , A 210
B
210
- 8 - 12
,
B , A 213
B
213
-6
, -9 B
B , A 213
213
48
p + 4 in.
3 22
2
2. (a) y = 12x - 3
(b) y = -15
3. y = 13 x + 1
4. (a) y = 1 + 12 x
22
4 x
(b) y =
(c)
3 22
4
5. (a) 6.05
(b) 2.93
(c) 6.05 is better because the 1 is closer to 1.01 than is 0
6. (a) y = 54 x + 2
(b) y = 56 x +
13
6
1. (a) 25
(b) 97/4
2. 11
3. 212
4. (a) No max
(b) 33.60
(c) 1406.25
(d) 50
(e) not a demand equation
(f) 25
5. 60.4
6. (a) p = -1000x + 10,000
(c) 4
(c) 5 x
(d) (i) 100, 105, 5
7. 80
8. 6 23 - 1
9. (a) 2 x 4
(b) 8/3, $32/9, $256/27
(c) 9x x + 31x22
10. 75
- 200 + x
4
(b) -
or
1100 - x22
(c) -2
2x
+ 1x
5
4p
200 + 4p
or
- 21100p - p2
or p-+2p1
13. (a) -1
(b) -23/2
(c) 0
(d) -1
(e) - 12
(f) -8/5
14. 17.8 thousands
15. Decreases by 4750
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
656
6/20/07
1.2
0.4 dx
12x + 102
0.6
(b) 12x + 2 x + 12
(b)
(- f())
(2, f (2))
- 12x + 120.6
- 1.212x + 12-0.4
m(, f ())
dx
Page 656
16. (a) dy =
(c)
10:25 AM
- 5.1x21x3 + 520.7
2. (a)
M(-1.3.5)
(-2,f(-2))
(b) small
(2.f(2))
m(0,1)
(b)
M(1.2)
M(3, 4)
22. 60%/r
23. (a) 2x13x5 + 4x2 - 72 dx
(-4, f (-4))
- 21x2 + 3x + 22
1x - 22
2x
2
2 dx
1x + 12
-7
2 dx
12x - 32
2
(4, f (4))
dx
m((0, -5)
3. (a) 13, -62
(b)
26. (a)
312x + 12
3
2 32x + 3x + 2
- 100u
2
3/2 du
15u + 92
4 2
7
dx
x + P x
(c) D =
dy
dx
(b) 2s s
(c) and
(b) (0, 0)
(d)
s s
s2
s s
( s) 2
(b) 3s s
17
12 x
1
12 1x
(b) M = 0, m = -4
(c) M = 2, m = -22
(d) M = 8, m = -4
10. See Exercise 16
11. See Exercise 17
31. (b) T = 2 +
32. (b) T1x2 =
(c) m = 0, M = 155
9. (a) M = -10, m = -30
- 92 +
1
40
(c) 8.7
Chapter Review
1. (a)
(c) (0, 0)
M(-2, f (-2))
(-3, f (-3))
(7, f (7))
- 20
9
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 657
(c)
Zeros at x =
(b)
; 23
9
(d)
(c)
Inflection points at A 4
18. (a)
17. (a)
(b)
(b)
(c)
- 20
9
- 26
,
10
0.0145 B and A 4
+ 26
,
10
0.01862 B
657
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
658
6/20/07
10:25 AM
(d)
28. (a)
(b) I1 A 1 -
29. (a) 2 x + 1
(b) 1.0015
2. Yes
24. (6, 6)
3. Yes
25. 12, 64
4. Yes
5. No
(b) 325/4
6. No
27. (a)
7. Yes
8. Yes
9. Yes
10. Yes
11. Increasing
12. Decreasing
13. Increasing
14. Decreasing
15. Neither
16. Neither
(b)
(b) 0.2496
- 768
5
12x + 12
- 3 23
8
B , I210, 02 I3 A 2 23, 3 23
8 B
17. Increasing
18. Decreasing
19. Increasing
20. Increasing
21. No
22. Yes
23. Yes
24. No
25. Yes
26. Yes
-0.42155 B , I2 A 1 +
I1 A -223,
3 25
5 ,
(c)
(d) 3
(b)
Page 658
27. No
28. Yes
dx
3 25
5 ,
0.30586 B
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 659
33. (a) x 0
(c) 1- q , q 2
(c) y 0
(f) 1- q , q 2
(f) x 0
(g) 1- q , q 2
(g) y 0
(h) f-11x2 = 1x
(b)
(e)
v.
(b)
30. (a) 1- q , q 2
(c) 1- q , q 2
34. (a) x 0
(f) 1- q , q 2
(c) y 1
(g) 1- q , q 2
(f) x 1
(g) y 0
(h) f-11x2 =
(b)
22x - 2
2
(b)
(e)
(e)
31. (a) x 4
(c) y 0
35. (a) x 0
(f) x 0
(b) y 7
(g) y 4
(f) x 7
(g) y 0
(h) f-11x2 = -
(e)
(b)
(b)
32. (a) x 3
(c) y 0
(f) x 0
(g) y 3
(e)
(b)
(e)
27 - x
2
659
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
660
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 660
36. (a) 1- q , q 2
(c) 1- q , q 2
(b) 14/3
(f) 1 - q , q 2
(g) 1- q , q 2
(b) -3/5
1
3 x
(h) f-11x2 =
2
(b)
(e)
45. f-11x2 =
x + 9
5
46. f-11x2 =
x - 1
2
47. f-11x2 =
22x - 6
2
(g) 1- q , q 2
(h) f-11x2 =
x
8
215 - 5x
5
49. f-11x2 =
x2 - 3
,x 0
2
50. f-11x2 =
5 - x2
,x 0
4
51. f-11x2 =
3x + 7
9x - 2
52. f-11x2 =
11 - 5x
3 + 2x
61. f1x2 = 2 7 0
(b)
62. f1x2 =
(e)
-1
16 - 2x
6 0
2
2/3 7 0
3x
19
2
12x + 52
2
7 0
38. (a) 1- q , q 2
(c) 1- q , q 2
(g) 1- q , q 2
69. It is one-to-one
(b) 1/21
(f) 1- q , q 2
(h) f-11x2 = x3 + 1
1
(e)
(b)
70. It is one-to-one
39. (a) 3
(b) 4
40. (a) 7/3
(b) 4/3
41. (a) 1
(b) 5
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 661
- 41x2 + 92
1x - 92
2
16.
6 0
f is
g is
increasing
Concave Upwards
Concave Downwards
increasing
Concave Downwards
Concave Upwards
decreasing
Concave Upwards
Concave Upwards
decreasing
Concave Downwards
Concave Downwards
17. See Exercise 14.
2. 0.0069593
3. 0.242273
4. 7.99142
5. 0.126485
6. -3912.9874
7. -32165728.94
8. 7.10299
9. 0.06156706343
10. 1.632527
20.
11. 0.00179239
12. 0.003607
13.
21.
14.
22.
15.
661
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
662
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 662
23.
33.
24. y = 3x - 2
25. y = 3x + 2
34.
26. y = 3x + 2
27. y = 3x - 2
28. y = 3x - 2 + 3
29. y = 3x - 2 - 3
35.
30.
36.
31.
37. -3/4
38. 13/22
39. 7/13
40. 2/3
32.
41. 4/21
42. 19/2
43. -18/7
44. 11/4
45. They are symmetric about the y-axis
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 663
663
1. 20.0855
2. 0.1353
3. 10.6974
(b) 530
4. 4.1133
(c) 223
5. (a) 716.02
(b) 716.64
(c) 716.67
(b) 289
6. (a) 2110.66
(c) 19
(b) 2112.99
(c) 2113.07
(b) 396.918
7. (a) 20,081.64
(c) 263.973
(b) 20,166.07
(c) 20,168.96
(b) $70,108.53
t
8. (a) 2,642.90
(b) 2,645.92
(c) 2,646.02
9. (a) 8041.95
(b) 8029.35
(b) 4.8615 lb
55. (a) 9.12673 lb
(c) 8028.92
(b) 8.07983 lb
(c) 4.01007 lb
(b) 1479.88
(c) 1479.84
(c) 736.17
(b) $3386.35
58. (a) 2
(b) 2
(b) 662.17
(c) 662.09
59. (a) 2x + 3
(b)
A B
13.
25 7 x
7 5
0.485427
(c) y = 5x
60. (a) 3x
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
664
14.
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 664
15.
20.
21.
16.
17.
22.
18.
23.
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 665
2. -3e-3x
3. -e-x
2
4. 2axeax
5. 2xe2x1x + 12
6. x3e-3x1 -3x + 42
7. xex1x + 22
8.
9.
10.
26.
11.
1x2 - 2x - 12ex - 2x
1x - 12
2ex
x
2
1e + 12
4
x
-x 2
1e + e 2
2
2x[12x2 + 12e2x - 1]
1x + 12
2
12. xex
13. axeax
2x - ex + 2y
x + 2y
2e
- 1
2
x11 + ex 2
y11 + e 2
2
3 2
17.
3 2
27.
3 2
2x y
4x ye
2y
+ 6e
+ 8y + 3
18. y = x + 1
19. y = -x + 1
20. y = 2x - 5
21. y = e-11-2x + 32
22. y = x
23. y = e316x - 52
24. (a) inc on x 6 1/3, dec on x 7 1/3
(b) CD on x 6 2/3, CU on x 7 2/3
(c) (1/3, 4e-1/3)
(d)
28.
665
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
666
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 666
25.
M(1/4, e-1/2)
I(, e-2)
26.
M(1, e-2)
I2
I1
30. 1/a
32.
2
A ae
1. log3 81 = 4
22
22
, .293b , I2 a1 +
, 1.707 b
2
2
2. log3 1/9 = -2
3. log2 16 = 4
4. log8 12 = -1/3
27.
-3
I3
I1(0, 0)
5. log6 1 = 0
6. log16 8 = 3/4
7. log1/3 1/9 = 2
8. log9/16 27/64 = 3/2
9. 23 = 8
10. 8-4/3 = 1/16
11. b0 = 1
12. 10-2 = 1/100
13. 102 = 100
14. 33 = 27
3 - 23
3 + 23
, 0.0717b , I3 a
, 0.1167b
Note: I2 a
2
2
28.
(e)
22. 5
23. 3
24. 3/2
25. 2
26. 1/16
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 667
40.
28. 8
29. 5
30. 1/8
31. (a) 11.5 base
(b) 3.6 acid
32. (a) 4.4 acid
(b) 5.1 acid
33. (a) 7.2 base, almost neutral
41.
42.
37.
43.
38.
44.
39.
45. 1/x
46. 1/x
47. 1/x
48. 3/x
49. 5/x
50. -3/x
667
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
668
6/20/07
10:25 AM
51. n/x
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
Page 668
6x
2
4 + 3x
5x4
5
x + 12
51ln x24
x
e-2x11 - 2x ln x2
x
e2x + x2 + 1 - 2x ln x1e2x + x2
2x
x1e
+ x + 12
1
x ln x
58. y = 2x - 2
3. log2 x + 2 log2 y
4. log x + 2 log y
5. 1 + 2 log x + 3 log y
6. 3 ln x + 4 ln y - 5 ln z
7. 3 ln x + 4 ln y + 5 ln z
8. 12 ln x + 2 ln y
9. 12 log x + 3/2 log y
10. 5 ln x + 3/4 ln y
11. 10 log4 x + 1/3 log4 y - 1/4 log4 z
12. 5 log6 x + 1/3 log6 y + 5 log6 z - 12 log6 w - 5 log6 v - 9 log6 r
m(1/e, -1/e)
13. 0.6020
14. 1
15. 1.3010
61.
16. 1.398
17. 1.204
18. 2.6020
19. log3 8
20. log6 45
21. log5 16
22. ln x3y2
23. ln
m(2, 2-2ln 2)
62.
x2
y4
1xy2
24. log 3
z
25. log
x = 0 is V.A.
26. ln
63.
M(1.7632, 0.0973)
I(2.552, .07299)
29. ln
y2 2
3 w2
1
4 x2
3 y2z3
w4 2
5 v2
27. log
28. ln
x4 1z
x5 1
3y
z 2
5 w2
17
2
4 1x + 323 2
4x + 1
2x + 5
x7
B 1x + 127
30. log3
x + 1
1x - 128
31. 3.58496
x = 0 is V.A.
y = 0 is H. A.
32. 1.77124
33. 1.729716
34. -1.63093
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 669
64.
36. 3
37. 2
38. 2
39. 3/4
40. -3/7
41. -1
42. 5
43. 211
65.
44. 2.26178
45. 3.15465
46. -0.231544
47. 1.04317
48. 0.74901
49. 3
50. 1
51. 0.635777
52. 15y 3m 22d
67. 1/x
53. 13y 3m 7d
68. 1/x
69. 6/x
70. 9/x
71. 6/x
(b) 6y 4m 20d
72. 5/x
(c) 6y 3m 29d
73.
(d) 6y 3m 19d
74.
(e) 6y 3m 19d
75.
76.
1
2x + 1
5
315x + 72
2
x ln 3
5
x ln 7
2x
77. 2 ln 313 2
78. 6x ln 2123x 2
2
59. 3.65%
79. x242x12x ln 4 + 32
60. 5.62%
80.
61. 6.10%
81.
62.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
63.
- 2x4-2x 121x2 + 12 ln 4 + 12
1x + 12
317x + 22
2x13x + 12
4111x22 + 452
5x12x + 92
1 + ln x
x ln x
- 112x2 + 252
2
x13x + 52
- 18x2 + 92
2
x ln 214x + 32
3
x
2x
x + x2 + 4 - 3x2 + 7
3
8
5x
x + 2x + 1 - 5x2 + 4
7
60x
2x
x + 3x2 + 8 + 2x2 + 5
89. A
8x
2
x + 5
90. A 3x 24-
+
+
5
215x + 72
2
4x - 1
2x
93. y =
15
4
x - 7
94. y = 1
8
95. y = - 53
x +
69
53
50x4
5
2x + 9
3x
2
213x + 12
-1
2x
2
x + 1
BA
x + 1
669
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
670
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 670
Chapter Review
1. (I) (a) 1 - 1
(b) - q 6 x 6 q ; - q 6 y 6 q
(d)
11. 79.45%
(b) - q 6 x 6 q ; - q 6 y 6 q
(d)
(e) f-11x2 = A x
- 4 1/3
2
(e)
1
2
2x + 2
2. (a) f1x2 7 0
(b) -1
(c) 1/8
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
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Page 671
3.
(b) 2341.61
4.
4. Call 2004t = 0,
5.
6.
(b) 8.95
7.
(c) 6.39
8. 2 1x + c
9.
6. $1057.94
10.
7. 5.21%
11.
8. y = -3e-21x + 22
12.
9.
M(1/3, 2e -1/3)
I(2/3, 4e -2/3)
17.
18.
y = 0 is H.A.
19.
20.
21.
22.
12.
23.
t8
4
+ c
+ c
15. 16.
c
c
4 7/4
+ c
7x
7 2/7
w
+ c
2
2 5/2
s
+
c
5
4 9/4
+ c
9x
1/3
13. 3x
14.
11.
c
c
5. f1x2 = 4.3546511.224742x
10.
-1
2 + c
2x
2 3/2
+
3x
2 3/2
t
+
3
3 4/3
+
4x
4 5/4
t
+
5
1
2
4w
+ c
r4
3
2 + r + 4r + c
5 3
4 3/2
- 3x +
3x + 3x
27x4
+
c
4
4x3
2
3 + 2x + x + c
t5
2t3
5 + 3 + t + c
2 22 3/2
+ c
3 x
-4
7
1
+
3 4 + c
x
3x
2x
7
4
2t - 2t - 12
+ c
2
4t
24. 4 ln x + c
25. 2 ln x + c
26. 7ex + c
27. 2et + c
28. 5 ln x - 2ex + 7x + c
29. 2et 4
3t5
5
x
+ 7 ln t - 12t + c
30. x - 9e + 8 ln x - 5x + c
32. (a) 12 e2x + c
(b) -e-x + c
I
m(e - /2, e -1/8)
-3/2
I( e /2 ,-3e -3/8)
(c) - 14 e-4x + c
33. (a) ln x
(b) ln x
34.
13. 1.892789
14. ln 8 L 2.079442
15. A 3x 12-
16. -4x5
1
a + bx
x
2 - 21x2 + 92
-2x2
ln 5
17. 12 + ln x2
1x - 12
- 22
B A 13x
B
2
2
4x + 9
4
x3
3
- x2 + 9x + 2
x
3. 2e - 4x3/2 + 2x + 2
2
x
4. 3ex +
19. 4.89
5. 2x + 5 ln x + 1
6. 3x - 2 ln x +
+ x + 4 - 3e2
2. x4/4 + c
5
3
7. x + 2
8.
x3
6
19
6
+ 14
3 x
- x2 + 3x -
9. -2 ln x 1. 3x + c
x3
3
1
2
6x
10. 3e + x - 6x - 2
199
24
+ 2 ln 2
671
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
672
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 672
11.
1
3
x + c
4
24. y = 3
5 5x2 + c
25. y = 2
3
-5
5
9x + c
x
26. y2 = 8e + c
12.
30. M = 1, N Z -1 y = ce N + 1 ; M = 1, N = -1 y = c xa
M Z 1, N = -1 y1 - M = a11 - M2 ln x + c;
N+1
M Z 1, N Z 1, y1 - M = 11 -+ M
+ c
N ax
31. -x2 + 2xy + y2 = c
33. y = 43 x3/2 3
34. y = x 2
2
3
7 2
2x
2
+ 5x
35. 2y = -x + c2
36. (a) 2 -2gs102
13.
(b) v =
g11 - e-kt2
k
12x3 + 322
+ c
2
1
3/2
6 14x + 142
13x5 + 129
+ c
9
12x + 1210
+ c
10
2x2
5. e
+ c
+ c
6. ln 2x + 1 + c
14.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1
2
6
36 13x + 22 + c
13x6 - 2210
+ c
180
1
3/2
+ c
3 12x + 12
1
3
3/2
+ c
6 14x + 32
4
11. - 21 - x + c
12.
13.
14.
15. 96 ft/sec
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
(b) 143.53
22.
23.
(b) 62.76 ft
24.
1 -x3
3e
+ c
-1
3/2
4 + c
813x
+ 4x + 12
1
2
2 ln 3x + 4x + 1 +
1
5
3
2
2 ln 4x - 2x + 3x
1
2/3 2
4 12 + 3x 2 + c
1 4x3
+ c
12 e
2 3x5 + 7
+ c
3e
1 4x3 + 2x2 + 1
+ c
4e
1
2x 3/2
11
+
3e
2
+ c
9
1
2 ln1x2 + 12 + c
ln153x + 22
+ c
3 ln 5
- 2x 1 2 + c
41e + 12
1
2x
+ 12 + c
2 ln1e
c
+ 8x + 5 + c
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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10:25 AM
Page 673
1
2
2 ln1x
x2
2 - x +
1
a ln ax +
1 ax
+ c
ae
1ln x24
+ c
4
42x
+
c
2 ln 4
2
54x
+
c
4 ln 5
+ 12 + c
(c) 3.5
ln x + 1 + c
b + c
(b) 1.875
(c) 2
18. 19.773438
(b) 20.898438
(c) 20.332031
33. ln ln x + c
34.
35.
1ln x2N + 1
N + 1 + c when N
(a) 43 x3 + 6x2 + 9x
(b) 16 12x + 323 + C
Z -1
19. 10.6875
+ c
625 17
17 x
250 14
7 x
150 11
11 x
37. If n = m - 1 and am Z 0
38. (a) -ln11 + e-x2 + c1
x
(b) x - ln1e + 12 + c2
(c) they differ by a constant
5 8
2x
x5
5
+ c
5. 5.75
6. 7.75
(b) 6.4531596
7. 6.625
(c) 6.3889496
8. 8
9. 10
10. 11
28. 10
(b) 3.875
29. 3.5
(c) 3.5
30. 2
31. 20.34375
Exercise 5.5
(c) 2
13. (a) 19.21875
(b) 21.46875
(c) 20.328125
14. (a) 13.953125
(b) 18.703125
(c) 16.210938
15. 10.75
20
1
1. a
i=1 i
23
2. a 12i + 12
i=2
19
1
3. a
2i
i=1
5
4. a 15i - 42
i=1
673
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
674
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 674
6
5
i - 1
i
5. a
or a
i = 2 2i + 1
i = 1 2i + 3
6. a 2i - 1
41. lim a ln A 1 + ni B n1
n: q
7. a ari - 1
44. (a) a
12
i=1
n
i=1
n
i=1
xi
8. a
i=1 i
(b)
9. 105
(c)
10. 32
n1n + 12
2
n1n + 1216n3 + 9n2 + n - 12
30
n21n + 12212n2 + 2n - 12
12
12. 8
47. Consider the interval [0, 1], with the partition 50, 1/10, 1/10 + 9/110n2,
1/10 + 2 # 9/110n2, 1/10 + 3 # 9/110n2, , 16
13. 240
11. 3457/840
14. 228
i=1
15. 8270
16. 850,745
17. 791,910
i=1
18. 292,320
19. (a) 62
(b) 2,097,150
(c) 2n + 1 - 2
20. an + 1 - a1
3. k1b - a2
21. an + 1 - a1 + an - a0
4. (a) 15/2
22. (a) 50
(b) 500
(c)
n + 1
2
23. 81,159,640
24. -358,192,305,872
25. -19,961,022
26. 1
27. 1
28. 20/3
29. 75/4
30. Region bounded by y = 3x2, y = 0, x = 0 and x = 1
31. Region bounded by y = 4x3, y = 0, x = 0 and x = 1
32. Region bounded by y = 6 + 2x2, y = 0, x = 0 and x = 1
33. Region bounded by y = 5x3, y = 0, x = 1 and x = 2
34. 8
(b) -15/2
5. (a) 6
(b) -6
6. -2
7. 38/3
8. 195/4
9. 18
10. 11/2
11. 8/3
12. 1793/12
13. 3
14. 11/5
15. 14/3
16. 7/9
17. (a) ln 2
35. 2/3
(b) ln 2
36. 1/4
37. (a) 11/2
(c) ln 2
18. (a) ln b/a
(b) 5/6
(c) 10/3
38. 14/3
39. (a) 15/4
(b) 1/4
(c) 12
(d) 17/4
(b) ln b/a
19. 121ln 5 - ln 22
20. e - 1
21.
e-2 - e-4
2
2
22. 21e - e2
23. 13/2
24. 13/3
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 675
25. (a)
3
1
(b) 7
14x + 12 dx
26. (a)
1x2 + 12 dx
(b) 22/3
2
27. (a)
14 - x22 dx
-2
(b) 32/2
2
28. (a)
3x
1/2
dx
38.
(b) 8 A 22 - 1 B
1
29. (a)
4
x dx
(b) 4 ln 3
2
30. (a)
e-x dx
39.
32.
x dx = 7/3
1
3
33.
ex dx = e3 - e2
2
5
34.
35.
y=5
40.
x=1
x=3
36.
41.
x=4
x=9
675
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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6/20/07
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Page 676
42.
9.
10.
1ln 222
2
1
2
2 ln1e
+ 12
11. 0
12. 0
13. 6
14. 0
15. 0
16. 9
43.
17. 0
18. 9/2
19. 956/15
20. 26/5
21. 16/3
22. 1 - e-1
23. ln 10
24. ln 5
25. 12 ln 17
44. 63/2
26. (a) 0
45. 9
(b) 0
46. 18
27. (a)
47. 9
(b)
48. 2 ln 3
49. 2 ln 3
(b)
50. 3 ln 2 + 4
29. (a)
51. 31e2 - 12
30. (a)
53. 8
1 - e-4
4
31. $6082.69
p 23
18
32. $1107.01
33. x2
L 0.254353
ln 2
6 A 6 1
22
(b) 0.56226116
34. 21 - x2
35. x4 2
3 1 - x2
36.
60. ;0.466221
61. -0.517999
3 5
2x
x
(c) ln A A 25 + 2 B A 22 - 1 B B L 0.562262
a 11 + x 224 - x - 2x
2
39. ;0.674537
11 + x222
24 - t2 dt b
3x5
6
x + 1
2e4x
+ 1
4x
5. -2 ln 3
2. 32
6. 12 ln 5/2
3. 32/3
7. 0
4. 9
e2 - e-2
6
37.
4. 0
8.
5/2
54. 28/3
58. (a)
1
13
1
2 ln
(b) 1.52846
(c)
m1a + b2 + 2d
2
1
21a + b2
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 677
5. 9
6. 1331/750
40.
7. 8
8. 32
9. 37/6
xe
S1x2 dx
10. 1
11. 6
12. 9/2
1.
13. 9
2
15 1x
+ 123/213x - 22 + c
2. 2 2x - 11x + 42 + c
14. 27/2
3. 1209/14
15. 25.1771
4.
7.
(b) 180
8.
9.
(b) 7
10.
- 123/2115x2 + 6x + 22
5. -40224/1105
6.
1
105 12x
3
2x
+ c
4 12x - 12e
211 - 4e-32
9
- 14 12x2 + 2x + 12e-2x
1
3
2
128 132x - 24x + 12x
1
- 4 12x4 + 4x3 + 6x2 +
+ c
- 32e4x + c
6x + 32e-2x + c
11. 2 ln 2 - 3/4
(b) 6.59
12.
13.
(b) 21.02
21. (a) $63,138.58
(b) $77,892.69
22. (a) $93,174.11
14.
(b) $23,613.00
24. (a) $152,996.22
e - 5e
4
ln12x + 32 - x + c
- x ln x + 12 B + c
1ln x22
2
A x-
xn + 1
n + 1 ln
2
-2
16.
+ c
1
n + 1
e - 5e
4
if n = -1
B + c if n Z -1
17. 2 ln 2 - 3/4
18.
(b) $278,777.29
(b) 0.424367
25. $688,338.79
26. (b) 12
15. e
(b) $309,348.92
23. (a) $12,969.09
1
2 12x + 32
x2
2
2 1ln x2
2
-2
(c) 0.575633
19.
(b) 0.353093
(c) 11/32
(c) 0.381282
(d) 11/16
20. 1.11537
21. 16/7
Chapter Review
(c) 0.268941
(d) 0.731059
1.
2. (a) 13/2
(b) 19/32
30. 1.17157
(b)
12x3 + 4x2 + 7x - 12 dx
31. 0
3. 416 - 4
32. 0.28311
4. (a) 204
33. 0
37. A = T C e r D
rt - 1
e1j - r2t - 1
38. T0 c
d
j - r
(b) 452
(c) 310
5. (a) 311.0592
(b) 320.9792
(c) 315.9904 exact area is 316
677
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
678
6/20/07
(c)
7. (a) 196 ft
13.
14.
15.
(b) 10
2
(c) 10ex
9. y = ;
12.
31 - ln11 + x 2
1
11
+
4t223/216t2 - 12
40
3
3 9 - 16
4 92
1
4 - 2e-5u + c
ln
10
1
3
3 1ln 22
1ln 322 - 1ln 222
21ln 32 1ln 22
45 - 327e-2
8
- y2 - 2yk - k2
11. (a) 0
x + h
y
10. (a) 10
11.
Page 678
6. 15
10.
10:25 AM
+ c
(b) 0
(c) 25 ln 2x2
12. (a) 100 213
(b) 100 243
13. 247,028
14. (a) 2y - 6xy3
(b) 2x - 9x2y2
(c) 2y - 12y3
(d) 2x - 9x2
15. (a) 2x - 9x2y
(b) -2y - 3x3
(c) 4 - 36y
(d) -6 - 3x3
20.
(b)
7 214 - 22
48
(c) 0.836667
(d) 0.163333
(c) -4y3z + 2z
(b) -77
3. (a) 800
(b) 5400
4. (a) 150
(b) 900
5. (a) 400
(b) 2400
6. (a) 4
(b) -2
7. (a) 432
(b) 800
8. (a) 143
(b) -4
9. (a) 3/2
(b) 2/3
4xy2
1x + y 2
2
2 2
- 4x2y
1x + y 2
2
2 2
5. (a)
- 4xy
1x - y 2
2
2 2
(b)
4x y
1x - y 2
2 2
2
2 2
8. (a) 16xe-2y
(b) -32x2ye-2y
9. (a) 2ye3xy13xy + 12
(b) 2xe3xy13xy + 12
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 679
31.
13. (a)
(b)
14. (a)
(b)
3 5
4x
2
2
2x + 3y
6y
2
2x + 3y
3x2
3
2
21x + 2y 2
2y
3
x + 2y
+ ln1x2 + y22 B
x2
2
2
x + y
(b) 2x2y2 A
2y2
2
x + y
16. (a) 8x + 3
+ 3 ln1x2 + y22 B
32.
(b) 6y2 - 2
(c) 25z4 + 11
17. (a) 8x3 + 16x - 4xy3z4
(b) -15y4 + 6y2 - 6x2y2z4
(c) 60z3 - 8x2y3z3 + 5
18. (a)
(b)
(c)
19. (a)
(b)
(c)
4x
2
2
2
2x + 3y + 4z
6y
2
2x + 3y + 4z
8z
2
2
2
2x + 3y + 4z
2x
2
2
2
x + y + z
2y
2
33.
x + y + z
2z
2
2
2
x + y + z
3 4 2x2y3z4
2 3 4
(b) 18x2y2z4e2x y z
2 3 4
(c) 24x2y3z3e2x y z
4 2 2
(b) 112x y z + 8x y z 2e
6 5 5
2 3 3
3x4y2z2
34.
4 2 2
35.
679
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
680
36.
37.
38.
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 680
41.
(b) 6 + 48x3y2
(c) 48x2y3
47. (a) 36x2 - 14y5 + 16
(b) -12y - 140x2y3
39.
(c) -70xy4
48. (a) 18x - 48x2 + 30xy5
(b) 100x3y3 + 18
(c) -75x2y4
49. (a)
- 4y213x2 - y22
1x + y 2
2
2 3
(b)
4x213y2 - x22
(c)
- 8xy1y2 - x22
1x + y 2
2
2 3
1x + y 2
3
2
2
2 3
(c) -64xye-2y
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
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Page 681
- 412x2 - 3y22
12x + 3y 2
2
2 2
612x2 - 3y22
12x + 3y 2
2
2 2
- 24xy
12x + 3y 2
2
2 2
3 4
31. x = y = z = 2
32. (6, 11)
33. $1912 at (4, 6)
3 4, 2
3 4, 52 2
3 4B
34. A 2
35. (36, 18, 18)
1. rm 1-5/2, 3, -107/22
6. -4 22
8. 8
7. -24
4. TF (0, 0, 0)
9. 2.4
5. rm 13, 3, -532
10. 48
7. sp (3, 2, 0)
12. 72
8. rm (2, 2, 12)
13. 243/10
9. rm (1, 2, 6)
14.
11. 12
8 26
9
15. 48
16. 108
18. 6912
15. TF (0, 0, 0), sp (18, 0, 0), sp (0, 12, 0), sp 16, 4, -2802
17.
16. sp (0, 0, 0), sp ((12, 0, 0), sp (0, 16, 0), rM (4, 16/3, 1024/3)
23
324
125
2p yd.
25. (4, 4, 4)
26. (S/3, S/3, S/3)
27. (2, 2, 5/2)
28. (36, 18, 18)
29. 1-3, 4, 4252, (3, 4, 425), 1-4, 3, -2002, 14, -3, -2002
30. (400, 500)
28. (4, 4, 4)
29. (s/3, s/3, s/3)
1. Comp
2. Sub
3. Sub
681
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
682
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 682
4. Neither
22. Same as 21
5. Comp
6. Comp
24. Same as 23
7. Comp
9. (5, 2)
26. Same as 25
27. Bounded by y = 2x2, y = 8 and x = 0, see Fig. Ex. 16
28. Same as 27
(b) $1728
30. Same as 29
(b) $1,000
31. 64
32.
(b) 25,000,000
14. (200, 600)
0p1
0p1
0p2
0p2
7 0 then sub, if 0y 6 0 and
6 0 then comp,
17. (a) if 0y 7 0 and
0x
0x
0p1 0p2
if 0y # 0x 6 0 then neither
1.
2.
34. 9/7
35. 224/3
36.
1
2 ln 5
e4 - e - 3
2
38. 36
33. 216
37.
(b) neither
1
30240
39. 1
+ 3y + c1x2
40. 4/3
+ 3x + c1y2
41. 96
42. 7/6
+ 5y + c1x2
43. pa2h
5.
+ c1x2
6.
(b) 15/64
+ c1y2
7. 22/3
(b) 323/60279552
8. 22/3
46. 1/4
9. 528
10.
13897
168
47. 1/4
48. 1/128
11. (a) 8
50. 18
(b) 512/3
51. 3
12. (a) 36
(b)
14148
5
52. 4
53. 256/3
13. (a) 9
54.
(b) 9
188
35
55. (a, d)
(b, d)
(b) 37/21
15. (a) 4
(b) 16
(a, c)
56. 64
2048
21
58.
59.
1504
105
60. -19/2
e4 - 1
2
1
2 ln 2
61. 6
3016
15
62. 1/144
Chapter Review
20. 2 x 3 and -1 y 2
2
1. (a) 21
(b) 4
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 683
18. -8002/105
(b) -64
19. 18
2
- y2
- 3y12x3 - y32
3 2
5. 24xy2z +
6.
20. 32/3
21.
21x + y 2
3
22.
16xyz
1x + y + z 2
2
2 3
1 - e-64
8
(a) 12
(b) 1/16
23. 10/3
7.
1
2
(d) 3 * 4
2. (a) 4 * 5
(b) 58
43
5.31
(c)
35
54
3
3. (a) -6
27
8.
-6
-420
(b)
0
-2
3
2
(c)
105
0
1
2
135
1.5
243
-9
0
3
3
2
22
-0.62
-74
-22
-94
-18
- 12
-10
47
2
9
2
1
8
5
2
9
24
-108
-10
4
-86
- 11
2
27
21
2
0.155
5
2
37
2
11
2
-1
43
2
9
2
57
2
-42
-24
-18
-114
4. (a) 15.2, 2.7, 3.4, -0.5, 2.1, 0.82, 13.1, 1.9, 0.9, 1.2, -1.67, -0.22
(b) (8.3, 4.6, 4.3, 0.7, 0.43, 0.6)
9. y = 4x - 7
11. saddle point (0, 0, 0), rel min 16, -9, -1082
12. (a) rel max (7/3, 5/3, 17)
13. Substitutes
14. (a) (20, 640)
(b) $3200
15. (4, 8)
16. (216, 108, 24)
17. (2, 12, 16, 416)
10
3
12
105
(b) T = 70
125
4,200
(c) Jc = 2,400
2,700
35
F = 30
80
7
8.5
9
17
11.5
21
600
180
720
2,100
Fc = 1,800
4,800
7. x = 1, y = -7/3, z = 0, w = -14
420
510
540
683
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
684
7
10
13
16
- 13
b
- 13
1
1
1 12
17 a
B = a
(b) a
4. (a) a
(b) a
9
15
z
-5
49
-1
b
-5
2
4
10
b
14
-1
14
-9
-11
1
20
5.
9
55
7
25
5
37
-2
b
-4
1
-1
4
b
22
-31
-15
40
-176
6. Undefined
-12
10
10.
35
-47
6
-28
-29
35
-6
-25
11.
-5
-36
20
70
14
104
-28
-49
12.
15
-169
0
1
19
b, B =
-43
35
3. (a) a
Page 684
1
32
13.
15
49
-1
0
1
2
5
8
9. R =
11
14
11. A =
10:25 AM
0
1
8. R =
2
3
10. A = a
6/20/07
43
45
-36
212
- 23
4b
3
1
17 a
9
-12
10
b
-11
-27
-35
20
-152
14. a
5
-25
28
b
66
15. a
93
263
94
b
76
16. a
-1
-2
-5
12
17. a
1
-7
10
b
23
18. a
-34
76
0
11
-1
b
-13
12
b
-44
-1
HG = -3
-5
19. GH = 25,
-3
-2
20. GH = 15, HG =
-1
-5
2
6
10
9
6
3
15
4
12
20
21
14
7
35
3
2
1
5
21. x = 3 or 9
1
25. (a) 1
3
2
x
3
3 y = 5
2
z
0
-1
-2
-1
2
5
-10
-2
x
3
1 y = -2
9
z
12
.32
b
.36
.68
.64
(b) a
.6672
.6656
(c) a
.66666752
.66666496
2
(d) a 32
3
.3328
b
.3344
.33333248
b
.33333504
1
3
1b
3
2. 196/31, -85/312
3. 1-1, 3, 22
4. 1-2, 7, 42
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 685
-55
36. (a) 23
-5
3
b
-1
23. a
92
1
37. - 16
98
138
-30
131
23
38. X = a
-17
b
-12
1
0
1 -11
9a
26.
1
4 -4
4
b
-1
2
0
-1
-2
4
-1
6
3
-9
29
2
9
20
(b) 14 -20
-16
0
4
4
-8
10
7
20
-12
-10
1
15 -8
3
-1
-8
2
-7
1
-2
5
21
-28
8
5
-9
12
-47
51
1
30. 66
14
25
-12
6
12
12
-14
18
14
-8
43
-27
-10
1
-11
b
-9
5
5
1 -9
10 a
-5
(c) 15 a
35. (a)
2
-5
-6
(c) there will be a unique solution as long as the lines are not parallel.
44. Show T - I is singular.
20
-25
-35
30
16
3
6
7
6
43. (a) ad - bc Z 0
-16
15
1
29. 50
43
-24
34. a
-2
Y = 14 -5
2
4
1
28. 19
5
2
(b)
-8
4
8
4
b
-4
41. A-1B
27. None
31. (a) a
-7
10
11
8
6
40. (a)
24. None
25.
Y = a
1
-7
-2
-2
39. X = 14 2
8
4
1
b
0
0
1
-12
5
-1
x
-1
(b) y = 2
z
4
22.
-2
1
0
2
b,
1
-4
3
6
b
4
7
1
2
26
-5
-2
(b) X = 13 2
-1
-1
0
-1
4
2
-1
-2
1
0
-3
-2
1
11
b
5
-3
1
2. Inconsistent
1 4
2a
-16
14
4
x
1
(b) y = 1
z
-1
3
b
1
3. (1/2, 3/2)
4. Inconsistent
17
-10
-1
7. (13/10, 21/10)
8. 12, 1, -12
9. 12, 1, -12
10. Inconsistent
685
7360639_ANS_603-686.qxd
686
6/20/07
10:25 AM
Page 686
Chapter Review
1. A =
1 23
a
17 -9
2. a
6
2
1
6
3. a
22
-15
2
23
15
b
22
B =
1 -4
a
17
6
-7
13
7
b
-8
-15
b
29
4. (a) AB = I
5. 12, -3, 32
7. A-1 =
-2
1 2
5
A - A + 2I = 1
4
4
-3
8. No solution
9. a -
20
6
26
1
z, +
z, zb
11
11
11
11
6
-1
6
6
-2
7
7
b
-10