Vibration Diagnostic Guide

Selecting Orientations - Sensor #1 is in line

1-2-3 1-2-3 with captive screw
RAT : VAH - Sensor #2 is in line
ART : AVH with alignment pin
TRA : HVA - Sensor #3 is in the
remaining plane

Selecting Test Locations

1. Transmission Path
2. Frequency Response
3. Repeatability
Sensor attachment pad

Horizontal shaft and Vertical shaft Orientations Maintenance Types:

Reactive – Run to Failure
Preventive – Calendar based
Predictive – Condition based
Proactive – Root Cause
Analysis

ICP Accelerometer
Keys to a Successful
Program:
- Complete & repeatable data
- Get Answers, not just Data
- First rate support & training
- Distribute information to
planners and managers

Frequency Response

Sensor Location Numbering Maintenance Planning Analyze Data

Start numbering from driver free end.
Number bearings with flow of energy.
Extreme Faults – Shutdown machine for 1.
immediate repairs to avoid catastrophic failure 2.
Serious Faults – Schedule normal repairs for 3.
planned outage or maintenance period
Moderate Faults – Increase frequency of 4.
collection / Review parts availability 5.
Slight Faults – Monitor machine 6.
Retest following maintenance – Verify 7.
maintenance performed correctly
Find 1X peak and harmonics
Identify forcing frequencies
Identify machine faults – Imbalance,
Misalignment, Bearings, Looseness
Compare data between axis / ranges
Compare data to baseline
Compare data to other like machines
Compare data to previous data

Vibration Severity Considerations

Harmonics – fault getting worse; looseness
Side-bands – modulation by another signal
Elevated noise floor – increase in background
Multiple symptoms – confirming evidence

Sidebands in machine data

Roller bearing – 1X sidebands
Gear wear – 1X sidebands
Motor Bars – 120 Hz sidebands

1-A-L

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Vibration Diagnostic Guide
VdB to IPS Amplitude levels – Frequency Analysis –
Each graph shows the same data CPM vs. Orders
Each graph shows the same data

Lin

Log 1X
PV
Log to Linear 6.7X?

Order Normalized data is easier to quickly

identify shaft vibration and components
VdB associated with shaft

Log data allows viewing small peaks and

Analyze data with all of the tools available. Get large peaks on the same graph without
familiar with both linear and log amplitude rescaling of data. VdB scaling eliminates
scales to optimize analysis. Use both CPM and decimals.
Order Normalized frequency analysis

Fine-tune Program There is one average record per

MID, regardless of number of
machines in the MID.

1. Reset speed (Normalize data) 2. Find Forcing Frequencies 3. Select good data for Averages

More Averages in Basline increases diagnostic accuracy

500+ Alarms (Ave+1Sigma)

1 Alarm = 107 VdB

No Averages – Mil Std 167-1 5-24 Averages of healthy machine data Diagnostic Report

Each MID file contains the 108 Ave + 1 Ave = 100 VdB, 6 Healthy sets of data,
‘average + 1 sigma’ data for sigma 1 Sigma = 8 dB 1X spectral peak =
each position, axis and range 100 Ave + 1 Sigma = 108 VdB 1-104 VdB 4-100 VdB
Ave 2-102 VdB 5-98 VdB
3-100 VdB 6-96 VdB
1-A-L 1-A-H

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