ATTACHMENT- 4.

2 FILL MATERIAL CRITERIA BY FUGRO

ABU DHABI POLYMERS COMPANY LIMITED (BOROUGE) OFFSHORE GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION BOROUGE 3 PROJECT, RUWAIS, ABU DHABI, U.A.E.

The soil present on site, which can be classified as SM, ML or CL type (marine, shelly sand, silt and clay) with relatively high content of salts, is considered to be moderately suitable for use as engineered fill. However, appropriate thickness of lifts, compaction equipment, compaction effort and preparation methods should be applied. The rock (siltstone and/or gypsum) that is obtained from dredgate is not suitable as engineered fill material. Engineered compacted fill must be

placed in accordance with a set of specifications prepared that take into consideration the type of material to be used and purpose of the fill. For the selection of fill material, the following are some guidelines on three (3) selecting categories of backfill based on destination and purpose. The material obtained from dredging could be used as engineering/structural fill as long as proper mixing with suitable engineering material is done and meet the specification presented below. 6.3.2.1 Type A Fill Material Type A material should be used under all foundations and should comply with the following specifications: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Type of soil Particle size Fines content Gradation Liquid Limit : : : : : Inorganic and free draining with no greater than trace amounts of organics, gypsum or salts. 50mm max. 10% max. Well graded 25 max.

Fill should be placed in loose layers not exceeding 225mm thickness and each layer should be compacted with suitable equipment to a minimum 95% of its Proctor maximum dry density. It is recommended that confirmation of compliance with compaction requirements be made by field density testing at a frequency of about one test per 500m2 per layer. 6.3.2.2 Type B Fill Material Type B fill material should be used as fill at the following locations: Roadway and paving sub-grades Embankments Grading of general area to be used by construction or plant operation

Properties of Type B fill should generally meet the following criteria: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Type of soil Particle size Fines content Gradation Liquid Limit : : : : : Granular or silty soil with no greater than trace amounts of organics, gypsum or salts. 75mm max. 30% max. Well graded 40 max.

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ABU DHABI POLYMERS COMPANY LIMITED (BOROUGE) OFFSHORE GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION BOROUGE 3 PROJECT, RUWAIS, ABU DHABI, U.A.E.

Fill should be placed in loose layers not exceeding 300mm thickness and should be compacted to a minimum of: Minimum of 95% of the proctor density for layers of depth from 0m to 2m Minimum of 90% of the proctor density for layers of depth greater than 2m It is recommended that confirmation of compliance with compaction requirements be made by field density testing at a frequency of about one test per 1000m2 per layer. Moreover, plate load tests are advisable to verify the stress-strain response of the compacted fill. 6.3.2.3 Type C Fill Material Type C fill material shall be used as fill only at locations where installation of structure or equipment is not planned and in open areas where only grading is required. Properties and characteristics of Type C fill should satisfy or exceed the following criteria: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Type of soil Particle size Fines content Gradation Liquid Limit : : : : : Inorganic granular or silty soil with low to negligible gypsum/salt content 100mm max. 50% max. Well graded 50 max.

Fill should be placed in loose layers not exceeding 600mm and may be compacted using bulldozers and/or other types of grading equipment. Because large amounts of water are expected to be required for the compaction process of the site, it is normal that groundwater will be utilized for this purposes. Although the groundwater quality is saline to hyper-saline (high salt content), there are specific limitations to its use in the compaction process, since the fill material will be basically sand to silty sand. It is actually anticipated (according to very few studies on this subject) that the use of high salt content water in compaction of cohesionless soil will enhance the physical properties of that soil. Salts in the water are expected to reduce the required Optimum Water Content while increasing the Maximum Dry Density, as they tend to fill in the pore spaces between the soil grains. The required degree of compaction, depending on the purpose of the fill, can be summarized as follows: Structural Fill (fill to support structures and foundations) have to be compacted to a minimum of 95% of the maximum dry density. Non-Structural Fill (fill used for landscaping, behind retaining walls, etc.) have to be compacted to a minimum of 90% of the maximum dry density.

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