DRUG ORDER (Generic name, brand name, classification, dosage, route, frequency)

CONTRAINDICATIONS MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THE DRUGS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES/ PRECAUTIONS

Generic name: castor oil Brand name: laxatives Classification: Therapeutic: Pharmacologic: Route: Dosage: 60ml Frequency: q 60ml

Stimulate smooth muscle of bowel, increasing intestinal contractions; increase stool bulk by causing water retention and inhibiting digestion in stomach. Also soften hard feces, promoting their passage through lower intestine.

Treatment of constipation, prevention of constipation in patients who should not strain during defecation (for example, after anorectal surgery or myocardial infarction), colonic evacuation for rectal and bowel examination

Contraindicated in hypersensitivity to drug or its components, intestinal obstruction, undiagnosed abdominal pain, suspected appendicitis, and fecal impaction Use cautiously in severe cardiovascular disease, anal or rectal fissures, enteritis, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, pregnant or breastfeeding patients,

GI: nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; esophageal, gastric, small-intestine, or rectal obstruction (with dry form of drug); abdominal cramps in severe constipation; anorexia GU: reddish-pink discoloration of alkaline urine, yellow-brown discoloration of acidic urine Metabolic: alkalosis, fluid and electrolyte imbalances Musculoskeletal: tetany Other: laxative dependence (with excessive long-term use)

Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance.

Generic Name Sodium Phosphate s

Brand Name Phospho -Soda solution

Dosage

Classification

Indication

Contraindications

Adverse Effects Transient hyperphospha temia.

Side Effects Diarrhea; gas; nausea; stomach cramps or bloating; vomiting.

Nursing Responsibilities * People with eating disorders (such as anorexia or bulimia) should not use this medication without the advice of a doctor.

45ml with bottle sprite

Laxatives, Purgatives

Relief of occasional constipation . For bowel cleansing prior to medical procedures like surgery, x-ray or endoscopic exam.

allergic to any ingredient in Fleet Phospho-Soda Solution You have a blockage of the bowel or other severe bowel problems, congestive heart failure, kidney failure, or too much phosphate in the blood Known or suspected GI obstruction or ileus, edema, CHF, Hirschprung's disease, bowel obstruction & ascites. Nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain, Na-restricted diet.

Name of Drug (Generic & Brand Names) Metronidazole (Brand Name: Anerobizol)

Classifications

Mechanism of Action Undergoes intracellular chemical reduction during anaerobic metabolism. After metronidazole is reduced, it damages DNAs helical structure and breaks its strands, which inhibits bacterial nucleic acid synthesis and causes cell death,

Contraindications Breast-feeding, hypersensitivity to metronidazole or its components, trichomoniasis during first trimester of pregnancy

Indications, Route, & Dosage >To treat systemic anaerobic infections caused by Bacteroides fragilis, Clostidium difficile, Clostridium perfingens, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, and Veillonella sp. Capsules, Tablets Children. 7.5 mg/kg q 6hr or 10 mg/kg q 8 hr >To treat amebiasis (Entamoeba histolytica) Capsules, Tablets Children. 11.6 to 16/7 mg/kg t.i.d. for 10 days

Side & Adverse Effects CNS: Ataxia, dizziness, encephalopathy, fever, headache, lightheadedness, peripheral neuropathy, seizures (high doses) EENT: Dry mouth, lacrimation (topical form), metallic taste, pharyngitis GI: Abdominal cramps or pain, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, pancreatitis, vomiting GU: Darkened urine, vaginal candidiasis (oral, parenteral, and topical forms); burning or irritation of sexual parteners penis, candidal cervicitis or vaginitis, dysuria, urinary frequency, vulvitis (vaginal form) HEME: Leukopenia MS: Back pain SKIN: burning sensation, stinging sensation, dry skin (topical form); erythema, pruritus, rash, urticaria (oral and parenteral forms) OTHER: injection site edema, pain, or, tenderness.

Nursing Responsibilities If pt has adverse CNS reactions, such as seizures or peripheral neuropathy, tell prescriber and stop drug immediately. Monitor pt with severe liver disease because slowed metronidazole metabolism may cause drug to accumulate in the body and increase the risk of adverse effects. If skin irritation occurs, apply topical gel less frequently or discontinue it, as ordered. Monitor CBC and culture and sensitivity test if therapy lasts longer than 10 days or if second course of treatment is needed Give IV drug by slow infusion over 1 hr; dont give by direct IN injection

Antibiotic Amebicide Antiprotozoal