Compaction of soils required for different types materials for embankment and subgrade are shown here based

on IS:2720 part-8. Following table shows the relative compaction for different soil types: Sl. No. 1 2 Relative compaction as percentage of maximum laboratory dry density Not more than 97 Not more than 95

Type of work / material Subgrade and earthen shoulders Embankment Expansive clays a) Subgrade and 500mm portion below subgrade b) Remaining portion of embankment

Not allowed Not more than 90

Selection of compaction rollers for different soil types: Suitability of compaction roller for different types of soils Types of compaction rollers Well graded granular and dry cohesive soils Suitable Suitable when load on each wheel is more than 2 tonnes

Cohesive soils

Uniformly graded materials Suitable only if the roller is towed by tractors and the load per cm width of the roller is less than 55kg. Suitable only if the roller is towed by tractors and load on each wheel is less than 1.5 tonnes Suitable but when the static load per cm width of the vibratory roller is more than 12 kg, the roller should be towed by tractors. Unsuitable Unsuitable

1. Smooth wheeled roller

Suitable

2. Pneumatic

Suitable Suitable only when the static load per cm width of the vibratory roller is more than 7kg. Suitable Suitable

3. Vibratory roller 4. Sheep foot roller 4. Power rammer

Suitable

Unsuitable Suitable

Note: For the purpose of this table, soils are grouped as follows:

1. Cohesive soils include clays upto 20% of gravel and having a moisture content not less than the value of the plastic limit minus 4. 2. Well graded granular and dry cohesive soils include clays containing more than 20% of gravel and / or having a moisture content less than the value of the plastic minus 4, well graded sands and gravels with a uniformity coefficient exceeding 1- and all shales and clinker ash. 3. Uniformly graded material includes sands and gravels with a uniformity coefficient of 10 or less and all silt and pulverized fuel ashes. Any soil containing 80$ or more of material in the particle size range 0.06 0.002 mm will be regarded as silt for this purpose.

Density requirement of embankments and subgrade material: This requirement of density of soil for embankment and subgrade is based on results obtained when tested as per IS 2720 (Part 8). S. No. 1. 2. 3. Maximum laboratory dry density (unit weight) Not less than 15.2 kN/m3 Not less than 16.0 kN/m3 Not less than 17.5 kN/m3

Type of work Embankments upto 3m height and not subjected to extensive flooding Embankments exceeding 3m height or embankments of any height subject to long period of inundation Subgrade and earthen shoulders / verges / backfill