CHAPTER ONE: 1.

1B A C K G R O U N D

INTRODUCTION

The Constitution of Kenya 2010 and the Vision 2030 recognize the importance of Environmental Protection !ater and "ousing #EP!"$ sector as a foundation for sustaina%le socio economic development of the country& The 'ector (as constituted during the current )TE* period in cognizance of the strong inter+lin,ages %et(een the environment and sustaina%le human settlements& The country-s economic gro(th depends largely on e.ploitation of natural resources and environmental goods and services& )ost of the sectors including agriculture livestoc, (ildlife tourism health housing (ater resources and energy heavily depend on the sustaina%le management of the environment and prudent e.ploitation of the natural resources& /n the recent past climate change has emerged as a ma0or threat to sustaina%le development and this has had severe negative impacts on the poor and the vulnera%le groups& This poses a ma0or challenge particularly in poverty reduction and threatens to undo decades of development efforts& The centrality of (ater as a source of life and socio economic development of the country cannot %e gainsaid& !ater resources are a ,ey driver of the economy and therefore its availa%ility and relia%ility is a prere1uisite for sustaina%le and sustained economic gro(th including food security through e.pansion of irrigated land& /t is important to note that access to ade1uate and relia%le supply of (ater is not only a ,ey input to poverty reduction %ut also an important element for social sta%ility& The provision of safe (ater in ade1uate 1uantities ade1uate sanitation for all households and provision of ade1uate food have %een enshrined in the %ill of rights in the Constitution of Kenya 2010& Provision of ade1uate housing in sustaina%le human settlements is a ,ey target for the sector& This is critical to the realization of the national development goal of meeting the annual housing demand of a%out 120 000 housing units versus the average annual supply of a%out 32 000 units& This is made more urgent %y the %ill of rights in the Constitution of Kenya 2010 that provides for ade1uate housing as a right to all Kenyans& 3nderta,ing activities in this sector (ill reduce development and mushrooming of informal settlements and slums& Provision of ade1uate porta%le (ater and %asic sanitation to households is a hallmar, of sustaina%le human settlements& The Environmental Protection !ater and "ousing 'ector is e.pected to play a significant role in the attainment of the targeted economic gro(th through the supply of ,ey goods and services& /nitiatives to %e implemented %y the sector to(ards attainment of the Vision 2030 aspirations include4 catchment

conservation and management enforcement of policies and regulations to ensure a clean and safe environment collection and dissemination of data4 minerals4 and protection of %iodiversity resources provision of clean and safe (ater4 irrigation infrastructure4 and facilitate provision of ade1uate housing in sustaina%le human settlements& The implementation of these initiatives (ill %e %ac,ed %y strong research and use of appropriate technologies& This 'ector report revie(s the performance and achievements of the programmes and analyses trends in e.penditures in the last three financial years #2005607 + 2010611$& /t also presents priorities and the financial re1uirements to implement programmes geared to(ards delivering the )edium Term Plan e.ecuted through the flagship pro0ects and ongoing programmes& The report has %een prepared through a sector (ide consultation process involving all su%+sectors namely Environment and )ineral 8esources !ater and /rrigation and "ousing& /n addition sta,eholders- consultations and recommendations in all the forty seven counties have %een used to inform the sector priorities& "o(ever the sector faces a num%er of challenges that include4 environmental degradation (ater scarcity food insecurity impacts of climate change ha%itat and %iodiversity loss increasing human populations changes in land use inade1uate housing and unplanned settlements& /n addition the sector does not receive ade1uate funding to underta,e the planned programmes& The 'ector-s ,ey policy priorities to address the challenges and e.ploit opportunities in the medium term include4 e.pansion of (ater coverage and se(erage facilities4 scaling up (ater storage to improve (ater security4 scaling up irrigation to reduce dependence of rain fed agriculture4 protection conservation and management of catchment areas4 mitigation and adaptation measures on climate change4 enforcement of sector la(s and regulations4 restoration of 9airo%i 8ivers4 modernization of meteorological services4 mineral e.ploration and mining cadastre system4 enhancing housing development through various initiatives4 up+scaling slum upgrading and redevelopment4 and lo(ering the cost of %uilding material to increase access to housing& The 'ector (ill also address issues related to domestication and implementation of relevant %ilateral and multilateral agreements& 1.2 S E C TO R V I S I O N
AN D

MISSION

Sector Vision Sustainable access to adequate water and housing in a clean and secure environment

Sector Mission is to promote, conserve and protect the environment and improve access to water and housing for sustainable national development 1.3 S T RA T E G I C G OA LS /O B J E C T I VE S
OF THE

S EC T OR

The goal for the sector is to ensure that :Every person has access to decent and afforda%le housing (ith access to porta%le (ater in a clean and secure environmentThe strategic o%0ectives of the sector to ensure the progressive realization of the goal are; 1& <evelop and revie( policies and legislative frame(or,s in line (ith Constitution of Kenya 20104 2& Coordinate effective implementation of sector policies4 3& Enhance sustaina%le management and development of environment (ater and natural resources4 =& /ncrease access to (ater and se(erage services4 2& *acilitate production of ade1uate and afforda%le housing under various initiatives4 >& Capacity %uilding in environmental protection (ater resources management and housing development4 and ?& @enerate manage and disseminate timely efficient and accurate meteorological natural resources and housing data& 1.4 S U B - S E C TO R S AN D T H E I R M AN D A TE S The follo(ing are the su%sectors and their mandate;+ Water and Irrigation To conserve and manage (ater resources (ater storage provision of (ater and se(erage services development of irrigation and drainage reclamation of (astelands and capacity %uilding& Environment and Minera Reso!rces To protect conserve and manage the environment and natural resources for socio+economic development& Ho!sing To improve access to housing in sustaina%le settlements infrastructure development slum upgrading and redevelopment& 1.5 A U TO N O MO U S (SAGA S )
AN D

through A GE N C I E S

SEMI

A U T O NO M O U S

G O VE R N ME N T

The sector has a total of seventeen #1?$ 'A@As and three other institutions created %y the various Acts of Parliament& Their roles are as follo(s4

Water and Irrigation The su%+sector has fifteen #12$ 'A@As; a" Water A##ea $oard %WA$& (hich is mandated to deal (ith conflict resolution (ithin the su%+sector management under the !ater Act 2002& '" Water Services Reg! ator( $oard %WASRE$& (as esta%lished under the Act to regulate (ater and se(erage services provision including issuing of licenses setting service standards and guidelines for tariffs and prices& c" Water Reso!rces Management A!t)orit( %WRMA& (as esta%lished under the (ater Act 2002 to %e responsi%le for regulation of (ater resource issues such as (ater allocation source protection and conservation (ater 1uality management and pollution control as (ell as management of international (aters& d" Water Services Tr!st *!nd %WST*& is responsi%le for the mo%ilization of financial resources for development and reha%ilitation of (ater and se(erage services infrastructure especially to poor and under+served areas& e" Water Services $oards %WS$s&+ eight !'Bs (ere esta%lished under the !ater Act 2002 to manage (ater and se(erage service provision in their respective areas of 0urisdiction& These are; Tana Athi Tanathi Ca,e Victoria 'outh Ca,e Victoria 9orth 8ift Valley Coast and 9orthern !ater 'ervices Boards& Their role is to ensure efficient and economical provision of (ater and se(erage services contracting !ater 'ervices Providers #!'Ps$ developing (ater and se(erage facilities regulating (ater services and tariffs in their %oard areas and procuring and leasing (ater and se(erage facilities& ," T)e Nationa Water Conservation and Pi#e ine Cor#oration %NWCPC& esta%lished under the 'tate Corporations Act in 1755 is an autonomous agency reporting to the )inistry& /t is mandated under the !ater Act 2002 to contract sector& g" -en(a Water Instit!te %-EWI& (as transformed in to a semi+ autonomous institution in Duly 2002 under the Kenya !ater /nstitute Act 2001& KE!/ provides training research and consultancy services in the (ater and irrigation sector& )" Nationa Irrigation $oard %NI$& esta%lished in 17>> through an act of Parliament /rrigation Act is mandated to develop promote and improve irrigated agriculture through sustaina%le e.ploitation of availa%le irrigation and drainage potential in Kenya& /ts ,ey responsi%ility is development and management of the 9ational /rrigation 'chemes in Kenya& Environment and Minera Reso!rces

The su%+sector has one #1$ 'A@A and three other institutions; a& The Nationa Environment Management A!t)orit( %NEMA& The Authority (as esta%lished to e.ercise general supervision and coordination over all matters relating to the environment and to %e the principal instrument of @overnment in the implementation of policies regulations and standards relating to the environment& '& Ether E)CA institutions include Nationa Environment Tr!st *!nd %NET*UND&. *acilitates research intended to further the re1uirements of environmental management capacity %uilding environmental a(ards environmental pu%lications scholarships and grants Nationa Environment Tri'!na %NET& responsi%le for revie(ing administrative decisions made %y 9E)A relating to issues of revocation or denial of licenses provide legal opinions to 9E)A and carry out investigations& P!' ic Com# aints Committee %PCC& responsi%le for investigating any allegations in relation to the condition of the environment& Ho!sing This su%+sector has one #1$ 'A@A (hose role is highlighted %elo( a& Nationa Ho!sing Cor#oration %NHC& is a 'tate Corporation esta%lished %y the "ousing Act Cap 11?& The overall mandate of 9"C is to develop and facilitate development of decent and afforda%le housing for Kenyans& The corporation is guided %y the vision of FA decently housed 9ationG and a mission of Fplaying a leading role in the efficient provision of ade1uate and afforda%le housing and related servicesG& 1. R O LE
OF

S E C TO R S TA K E HO LD E R S

The sector has a (ide cross section of sta,eholders& The ma0or sta,eholders and their roles are as presented in Ta%le 1& T A$/E 0: S TA-EHO/DERS
IN THE SECTOR

Sta1e)o der Par iamentar( Committee on /ands and Nat!ra Reso!rces %PC/NR&

Ro e Provide support to the sector through lo%%ying and mo%ilization of parliamentary support to sector issues

Par iamentar( Committee on In,rastr!ct!re Ot)er 2overnment Agencies K/PP8A K9B' Provide technical support to sector policy development <evelopment and preparation of national economic data All have special pro0ects they are implementing in colla%oration (ith the government especially in 9atural 8esources )anagement

Deve o#ment Partners !orld Ban, Af<B @iH K*! *innish @overnment D/CA A*< <A9/<A /taly BA<EA 39 "AB/TAT 'helter Afri1ue /*A< 'ida /<A E<*6EEC 3'A/< 39EP 39<P 9EPA< '(itzerland

Instit!tions o, Hig)er /earning and S#ecia ist Instit!tes 3niversities /C8/ Doint )E3 in research relevant areas support capacity %uilding in related disciplines especially through short term trainings 8egional Center for )apping of 'upport to(ards capacity 8esources for <evelopment development for mapping and natural #8C)8<$ resources development Non.2overnmenta Community mo%ilization and Organi3ations+ Comm!nit( engagement to support $ased Organi3ations and *ait) implementation of government $ased Organi3ations policies and programmes Private Sector+ 8esource mo%ilization and 0oint -EPSA implementation of relevant pro0ects Wi d i,e C !'s o, -en(a %WC-& Provision of conservation education to the Kenya youth&

C"APTE8 T!E 4"5 Per,ormance and ac)ievement o, t)e sector d!ring t)e #eriod 4556758 9 4505700 This chapter presents the performance of the sector programmes and su%programmes& *urther it gives the %udgetary allocation and e.penditure trends for the period 2005607 I 2010611 2&1 Performance of programmes The planned outputs and the actual achievements are summarized in ta%le 2&1 %elo( T!"#$ 2.1 %$&'(&)!*+$ (' ,&(-&!))$.
Programme7 Intended O!t#!t O!t#!t Ac)ieved Remar1s S!'.Programme Environment and Minera Reso!rces S!'sector Programme 0: Environment Po ic( Deve o#ment and Coordination O!tcome: Im#roved environmenta governance 'P 1; Environment + /nstitutionalization of + 'ensitization to I Policy Climate Change )inistries6<epartments <evelopment and initiatives in other done Coordination )inistries and institutions + 9ational Action plan for + 9ational Climate Climate Change Change implementation 'trategy and action plan prepared + )aster Plan for + <raft prepared& Conservation of !ater To(ers prepared + Chemical and !aste + 9ational chemical Policy in place profile developed Programme 4: Environment Management and Protection O!tcome: S!staina' ( managed environment and nat!ra reso!rces 'P 2&1& 8esource 'patial maps and trend 'patial maps and trend 'urveying and statistics of (ildlife and statistics of (ildlife and 8emote 'ensing livestoc, population in livestoc, population in 9aro, @arissa Tur,ana 9aro, @arissa Baringo and Cai,ipia Tur,ana Baringo and Cai,ipia developed Atlas of (etlands of Atlas of (etlands of Kenya Kenya developed )ap of the 1uality of )ap of forest 1uality of A%erdares forest A%erdares produced Assessment reports and maps on status and distri%ution of dams in the former (hite highlands + Cand use map settlement patterns Assessment reports and maps on status and distri%ution of dams in the former (hite highlands developed + Cand use map and settlement patterns for Ka0iado and 9a,uru The <ams include @(a Kiongo Eloisho i%or and Celongo The maps (ill %e a ,ey input to the 9ational Cand

Programme7 S!'.Programme

Intended O!t#!t

O!t#!t Ac)ieved developed

Remar1s )aster Plan&

'P 2&2; 9ational Environment )anagement

+ )ultilateral Environmental Agreements #)EAs$ Policy + Coastal and )arine resources conservation and %iological resources inventory + Baseline surveys report and reduced illegal discharges into (ater %odies + Environmental guidelines regulations and standards developed and operationalized

+ )EAs draft formulated + T(o prepared

Policy

/nventories

+ Baseline survey report prepared + >= illegal discharges identified out of (hich 13 (ere removed against a target of ? + Environmental guidelines regulations and standards developed and operationalized +

+ 9ational 9oise and Vi%ration Pollution standard 8egulations operationalized

+ 9ational /nventory on green houses gases #@"@$ + 'tate of Environment #'EE$ finalized and pu%lished + Capacity %uilt on 220 CBEs on sustaina%le land management and electronic (aste + Point 'ources pollution control and prevention component identified

+ 9ational inventory on green "ouse gases #@"@$ prepared + 'tate of Environment 8eport produced + 2 pu%lic Barazas K(ale and 9andi + 200 CBEs trained in

'P 2&3; Ca,e Victoria Environment )anagement #CVE)P//$

+ Procurement of a consultancy initiated to; assess classify and update data on point sources of pollution in !inam @ulf + Carry out feasi%ility study design and supervision of construction for "oma%ay and Bomet se(erage treatment facilities4 and + eco sanitary toilets 'pecifications for e.hausters (ere

Programme7 S!'.Programme

Intended O!t#!t + !atershed management enhanced +

O!t#!t Ac)ieved prepared + <raft (etlands management plans and constitution of (etlands )anagement committees developed + Protecting (eeding and mulching of 1=1&2 ha planted (ith indigenous trees in )au forest comple.4 + 20 000 seedlings planted& + Er%it 1uarry reha%ilitated + 8eha%ilitation (or,s at Ki0a%e area finalized& + 7> 000 tree seedlings planted along the riparian

Remar1s

'P 2&= ;9airo%i 8ivers 8eha%ilitation and 8estoration

Tree planting and maintenance of the restoration activities of 9airo%i 8iver Basin 8iver 'osiani 8eha%ilitated (ithin the Eldoret )unicipality 8eha%ilitate the (ater catchment in mau and la,e 9aivasha

'P 2&2;Catchment 8eha%ilitation and conservation

+2 million seedlings planted in the Ca,e 9aivasha Catchment + /)A8/'"A 9aivasha Board gazetted and operational + /nventory of !ater pans6dams (ithin the Ca,e 9aivasha Catchment done and estimates done for reha%ilitation + 51 ha of )au catchment reha%ilitated Programme :: Minera Reso!rces Management O!tcome: En)anced 2eo ogica and Minera in,ormation 'P 3&1; )ineral + )ining Ca( enacted and + <raft )ining Bill and 8esources 9e( )ining Policy )ining Policy prepared <evelopment developed 'P 3&2; @eological + 8evise geological map 4 + Total of 1 =00,m2 in 'urvey and + map geohazzard areas in Kimangau and Kiminini )ineral Kenya4 areas re+mapped and E.ploration + mapped 'i.teen #1>$ reports produced @eohazard areas +/nvestigated eight 12 100,m2@arissa #5$ mineral prospects4 area mapped and + /nventory 15 geological report produced sites + Conduct @eotechnical 'i.teen #1>$ geo investigations on thirteen hazard areas mapped

1 =00,m2 of Kimangau and Kiminini areas

Programme7 S!'.Programme

Intended O!t#!t #13$ sites for construction and e.pansion of la%oratory facilities

O!t#!t Ac)ieved 8apid @eohazard reporting and response mechanism esta%lished Eight #5$ mineral prospects investigated and preliminary reports on iron ore produced4 15 geological sites documented in parts of coast (estern and 8ift Valley regions Thirteen #13$ sites investigated and preliminary report prepared @eo+data%ase esta%lished updated and

Remar1s

Programme ;: Meteoro ogica Services O!tcome: Im#roved Meteoro ogica Services SP ;"0: + Automatic !eather )eteorological 'tations 9et(or, 'ystems Esta%lished modernization + Airport !eather E%serving 'ystems Esta%lished #DK/A )/A !ilson Kisumu Eldoret !a0ir$ + *our #=$ !eather and Climate /nfo Centre for vulnera%le rural communities + 8A9ET *) stations Esta%lished + !eather and climate information disseminated

+ Phase / and // completed (ith installation and operationalisation of 2= A!' + 12 A!' procured + Three #3$ A!E' installed at DK/A !ilson Airport and )oi /nternational Airport + T(o #2$ *) stations esta%lished at K(ale and Budalangi + Cicense ac1uired for Kano + 'patial resolutions of models increased from 25Km to 1= Km + vertical integration increased from =0 to >0 levels + *orecast period increased from 3 days to 2 days& + !eather forecasts and climate predictions including monitoring of Tsunami and 'eismic

+ *re1uency licenses (ere temporarily suspended %y the CCK

Programme7 S!'.Programme

Intended O!t#!t

O!t#!t Ac)ieved /nformation (ere produced and disseminated to all the climate+sensitive sectors including the pu%lic&& + Constructed 9gongE%servatory& + Construction of Em%u Ka,amega office %loc, still on + Construction of !a0ir and 9ganyi !C/C on+ going + /)/' e1uipment procured

Remar1s

+ 8egional6County (eather and climate information centres #!C/C$ esta%lished + K)< transformed into a !)E <ata Collection and Production Centre #!)E+ <CPC$

+ 9ational and 8egional /ntegrated "ydrometeorological /nformation and <ecision 'upport 'ystem #/"y)/<''$ esta%lished and operationalised + 9ational 'eismological 9et(or, esta%lished and operationalized

+ 'eventeen "ydromet installed integrated

#1?$ stations and

+ Process of ac1uisition for land suita%le for esta%lishing (eather o%servatories still a ma0or challenge + The last component of the <CPC is to ac1uire an e1uipment ,no(n as 8A<E)E + This pro0ect is to cover all ma0or (atershed6 catchment areas +

+ Ki%(ezi and Cod(ar site completed

+ Esta%lished stations for 3r%an climatology pollution monitoring and climate change detection and attri%ution + 9ational )eteorological 8esearch Centre esta%lished SP ;"4: Advertent !eather )odification Programme + Pre+feasi%ility Conducted and pro0ect proposal prepared

+ 'tation esta%lished at Chiromo Campus + E1uipment for DK/A ac1uired + )o%ile air+samplers ac1uired + Construction of the centre completed

+ Pro0ect proposal finalized and su%mitted to Treasury

+ The programme is a(aiting full funding

Water and Irrigation S!'.sector

Programme7 Intended O!t#!t O!t#!t Ac)ieved S!'.Programme Programme 0: Water Po ic( and Management O!tcome: Time ( de iver( o, <!a it( =ater services 'P1&1 !ater Policy and )anagement +<raft irrigation and drainage policy and %ill formulated +Hero draft (ater Policy and %ill formulated +<raft land reclamation Policy formulated PRO2RAMME 4: Water S!## ( and Se=erage Services O!tcome: Access to ade<!ate and re ia' e =ater s!## ( 'P2&1 3r%an (ater and se(erage +2> medium size to(ns ur%an (ater supplies infrastructure e.panded +=0 medium size to(ns ur%an (ater supplies infrastructure e.panded +8evie( (ater su%+ sector Policies in line (ith Constitution of Kenya 2010

Remar1s

+E.pansion in 2> medium size to(ns- ur%an (ater supplies infrastructure is )TP target&

'P2&2 8ural (ater supply

+150 ne( (ater and sanitation pro0ects constructed in rural areas +52ne( %oreholes drilled and 7 capped e.isting %oreholes e1uipped

+2=1 ne( (ater and sanitation pro0ects constructed in rural areas +70 ne( %oreholes drilled and 2= capped e.isting %oreholes e1uipped

'P2&3 !ater for informal settlements PRO2RAMME :: Water Reso!rces Management and Water Storage O!tcome: Per ca#ita nationa =ater storage ca#acit( increased 'P3&1 !ater 8esources )anagement +8eha%ilitation of 150 hydro+ meteorological stations +100 "ydro+ meteorological stations have %een reha%ilitated and are (or,ing

Programme7 S!'.Programme 'P3&2 !ater 'torage and *lood Control

Intended O!t#!t +Construction of 2 large dams +Construction of ?? small dams and (ater pans constructed6reha%ilitated

O!t#!t Ac)ieved +?? small dams and (ater pans constructed %y 9!CPC 2 large dams under construction

Remar1s The 2 large dams are )TP targets

PRO2RAMME ;: Provision o, Irrigation and Drainage In,rastr!ct!re O!tcome: Increased /and !ti i3ation t)ro!g) irrigation and and rec amation 'P=&1 <evelopment of /rrigation and <rainage infrastructure 'P=&2 Cand 8eclamation + > pu%lic irrigation schemes reha%ilitated +2 000 hectares put under irrigation +2 200 (ater conservation and rain (ater harvesting structures constructed in A'ACs +8eclaim 1 200 hectares of degraded6disused land in A'ACs areas + > pu%lic irrigation schemes have %een reha%ilitated& +> 220 hectares put under irrigation +2 =70 (ater conservation and rain (ater harvesting structures constructed& +3 012 hectares of degraded6disused land reclaimed 8evise the figure to reflect 3 yrs 'pecify areas

Ho!sing S!'sector

Programme 7 Intended O!t#!t Ac)ieved Remar1s7reas S!' O!t#!t ons ,or Programme variation Programme Name: Ho!sing Deve o#ment and H!man Sett ement Programme O!tcome: Decent and a,,orda' e )o!sing S!'. Construction of "ousing designs En Programme: housing units completed and course Ho!sing Contractor on site for Deve o#ment the construction of and H!man =00 housing units at Sett ement Ki%era 'o(eto East village Hone A 70J of (or,s done for En the construction of 22> housing units for Civil course 'ervants in 9gara Phase // commercial centre and nursery

Programme 7 S!' Programme

Intended O!t#!t

O!t#!t Ac)ieved school 55J of (or,s done for the construction of 130 housing units for sale to Civil 'ervants in 9gara Phase / Construction of =0 housing units for sale to Civil 'ervants in 9yeri 8oad complete Construction of 250 houses along Dogoo 8oad complete 77J of (or,s done for the construction of 22 housing units in )a,ueni 8oad+ Kilelesh(a 30J of (or,s done for the construction of 300 housing units in 9yeri )om%asa and Kisumu ?3J of the (or,s done for the Construct =00 housing units in )avo,o Athi 8iver

Remar1s7reas ons ,or variation Pro0ect delayed due to contractu al challenge s "ouses occupied

"ouses occupied 'light delays due contracto r-s failure to complete (or,s Topograp hical survey maps prepared The constructi on (or,s (ere slo(ed do(n due to contractu al challenge s Pro0ects include schools health centres

/nstallation of social and physical infrastructure in slums and other

53J of the (or,s completed in the development and reha%ilitation of 'ocial and Physical

Programme 7 S!' Programme

Intended O!t#!t ur%an areas

O!t#!t Ac)ieved /nfrastructure in main to(ns and ,ey ur%an centres

Construction of a& 2 Km of Trun, se(erage and (ater lines in Thi,a To(n %& ? Km of Trun, se(erage line and (ater lines in Athi 8iver To(n& c& > Km of Trun, se(erage line in Eldoret To(n

Remar1s7reas ons ,or variation soacia halls access roads in Ka,ameg a Kisumu 9a,uru )om%asa and 9yeri (hich are ongoing !or,s done

5?J of (or,s done 75J of (or,s done

8esource mo%ilization in slums

20 cooperatives formed and operationalized in various slum areas and Kshs 2&? million mo%ilized from them&

Promotion and dissemination of appropriate lo( cost %uilding technology

>1 appropriate lo( cost %uilding technology #ABT$ centres esta%lished

The o%0ective is to mo%ilise resources for housing development in slums and informal settlements (here upgrading initiatives are implemented& ABT centres are constituency %ased to promote utilisation of lo( cost %uilding materials and construction

Programme 7 S!' Programme

Intended O!t#!t

O!t#!t Ac)ieved

Remar1s7reas ons ,or variation technologies Coans are for either direct purchase or construction+ Being su%0ected to sta,eholder-s <raft Policy documen t (as presente d to 'ta,ehold ers This is a continuou s e.ercise <epends on num%er of complete d governm ent %uildings at any given time This is continuou sly done to prevent gra%%ing of governm ent houses and plots

Coans Kshs 2&=B dis%ursed dis%ursement to Civil 'ervants 8evie( of Building Ca(s and 8egulations Estates )anagement <raft document (as finalized <raft )aintenance Policy done 2 355 units refur%ished /nventory of government %uildings esta%lished

1 500 government residential houses secured %y fencing them in various estates across the country

4"4 Revie= o, 1e( indicators o, sector #er,ormance

Environment subsector <uring the period under revie( the programme focused on a num%er of issues pertaining to environment such as climate change (here a 9ational Climate Change 8esponse 'trategy #9CC8'$ (as formulated& This (as completed (ith a clear road map on ho( the country should tac,le climate change issues& A secretariat on climate Change coordination (as esta%lished and is currently functional& /n respect to )ultilateral Environmental Agreements #)EAs$ the )inistry has formulated a draft 9ational )EAs policy& /n addition the programme has domesticated a num%er of ratified )EAs (hich include 8otterdam Convention (here a country chemical profile and 'ituation Analysis and 9eeds Assessment #'A9A$ on environment and health has %een done4 'toc,holm Convention on Persistent Erganic Pollutants #PEPs$4 3nited 9ations *rame(or, Convention on Climate Change #39*CCC$ (here a strategy on climate change has %een developed4 3nited 9ations Convention on Biological <iversity #39CB<$4 3nited 9ations Convention to Com%at <esertification #39CC<$4 9airo%i Convention on Cand I%ased 'ources of Pollution and Coastal Hone of East Africa 8egion& En catchment protection the su%sector reha%ilitated some parts of the )au forest comple. through a tripartite colla%oration %et(een the )inistry of Environment and )ineral 8esources )inistry of *orestry and !ildlife and <epartment of <efense %y planting indigenous tree seedlings in Amara 6)arindas )au %loc,s& *urther the su%sector is also reha%ilitating and restoring river sosiani in Eldoret municipality using the 9airo%i river model&The Ever 3000 "a (ere reha%ilitated through planting of over t(o #2$ million indigenous tree seedlings in tree cover enrichment programmes& The development of @reen 'chools /nitiative in con0unction (ith the )inistry of Education aims at inculcating good environmental conservation practices to school going children (ho shall later %e champions of the same& A total of 120 schools %enefitted (ith a 10 000 liters (ater tan, (ith appropriate gutters and seed money for esta%lishment of a tree nursery& En (etland management management plans for la,e Dipe and Ca,eEl%ollasat management plans (ere finalized and launched as planned& *urther preparation of 2 management plans for (etlands in 9yando and Kericho (ere initiated& Ether initiatives include annual reporting 'tate of Environment for 20074 the development of the mandatory Environmental actions Plans4 land use guidelines together (ith Policy frame(or,s on (etlands4 and integrated coastal zones management coupled (ith a national action plan for implementation& *urther gazzetement of <istrict Environment Committees #<EC$ Provincial Environmental Committees #PECs$ and 9ational Environment Council #9EC$& 3nder resources surveys and remote sensing reforms and restructuring of <8'8' to refocus its operations (ere underta,en& Key among these processes includes formulation of a national natural resource data and information management policy&

The su%sector focused on increasing investment in mining4 regional geological mapping geohazard mapping mineral e.ploration inventorization of geotourism sites and inspection of mines and e.plosives& /n addition a num%er of sensitization (or,shops and seminars (ere held in field stations to promote small scale mining operations& The )eteorological services continued to simulate the atmospheric %ehaviour of the region %y use of several schemes to provide refined forecasts that supplemented those produced at the 9ational )eteorological Centre %y 'teady state6persistence or Trend forecasting and Empirical statistical methods& The /nstitute for )eteorological Training and 8esearch #/)T8$ recognizes the important advances in meteorology as an applied physical science resulting from an improved understanding of the coupled atmosphere+ocean+land system improved prediction techni1ues and the dynamics of information and communication technology #/CT$& /)T8 has em%ar,ed on a process to revie( training curricula for various courses in line (ith the !)E guidelines and ta,ing into account glo%al and national goals& Conse1uently /)T8 (ill %e revie(ing and adapt the t(o+tier system of training for meteorological personnel& The /)T8 also developed concept paper on :Enhancing adaptation to climate change through deepening the understanding of climate change in learning institutions in KenyaG

Water subsector <uring the period under revie( 2010611 the )inistry-s overall e.penditures stood at 15&7 J for 8ecurrent E.penditures and 51&1J for <evelopment E.penditures out of the Total E.penditure& The gro(th in development e.penditures is e.pected to continue as a result of the ongoing reforms in the (ater sector to(ards improved (ater and irrigation service delivery to the people of Kenya in line (ith the ne( Constitution& The )inistry-s investment programmes cover the Vision 2030 o%0ectives and milestones and the )TP flagship pro0ects& These programmes (ill have a strong focus on providing services to the poor (hile ensuring availa%ility of ade1uate (ater for the various competing demands& )ore resources (ere committed to <evelopment during the period under revie( at Khs 32&5 %illion in 2010611 (hich (as 31&?J from Kshs 2=&? %illion in 2007610& There (as also increased funding from development partners %y 1=3&? J from K'hs 5&2 %illion in 2007610 to K'hs 20&> %illion in 2010611& This trend is li,ely to continue (ith the increase of funding from @EK and development partners for the implementation of )TP flagship pro0ects especially construction of large and medium size dams and reha%ilitation and e.pansion of irrigation schemes& Housing subsector

'u%+sector performance as highlighted in section 2&1 a%ove has the follo(ing ,ey indicators4 9um%er of physical and social infrastructure installed in slums and informal settlements& 9um%er of Constituency Appropriate Building Technology Centres esta%lished& Amount of resources availa%le and dis%ursed to civil servants for home o(nership& 9um%ers of Acres opened up for housing development through housing infrastructure development& Amount of resources mo%ilised in informal settlements for housing development "ousing development initiatives& 9um%er of refur%ished and secured government houses& 9um%er of resolved rent tri%unal cases& 4": E>#endit!re ana (sis

F/- 1. S$+0(& $1,$*2/03&$ !*!#4./. *rom fig 1 the sector %udgetary allocation has %een increasing steadily over the three years under revie( (ith the approved %udget rising %y 22J from Kshs 31 2?= million in 2005607 to Kshs =? 37? million in 2010611& <espite the increased revised estimates the actual e.penditure only rose %y =0 J from Kshs 2> 0=? million to Kshs 3> =27 million over the same period& this could %e attri%uted to various reasons (hich include; lac, of donor dis%ursement of money (hich (as %udgetd& The donors also do not give their returns on A&/&A hence it is not factored in the sector accounts& By 30 th 'eptem%er every year the appropriation accounts are supposed to %e su%mitted to the auditor general& By this time the sector normally do not

have the returns from the districts to incorporate in the appropriation accounts hence inade1uate data& The allocation and e.penditure of the su%sectors is represented in fig 2&

F/- 2. S$+0(& $1,$*2/03&$ !*!#4./. "4 .3".$+0(& *rom fig 1 and 2 a%ove the approved %udget for the sector stood at Kshs& =? 37>&2 )illion during 2010611 an increase of 30&> J from Kshs& 3> 30=&0 )illion in 2007610 and 21&>J Kshs& 31 2?3&5 )illion in 2005607& The overall e.penditure for the sector (as Kshs& 3> =23&= )illion representing ?>&7J of the approved %udget of Kshs& =? 37>&2 )illion& This (as due to lo( dis%ursement levels of funds from development partners (hich (as 2?&1J at Kshs& 12 321&3 )illion out of Kshs& 21 >1>&0 )illion& <uring the same year e.penditure from @oK (as 7=&2J at Kshs& 21 225&? )illion of the approved %udget Kshs& 22 5==&5 )illion& T)e ,ig!re 0 'e o= s)o=s a genera trend on e>#endit!res in t)e Ministr(" *rom t)e ,ig!re it can 'e seen t)at t)ere is a stead( increase in ,!nding as =e as e>#endit!res" Ho=ever+ in 4556758 dis#arit( is )ig) and in 4505700 t)e a'sor#tion =as o=" 2enera ( t)e act!a e>#endit!re is c oser to t)e a##roved estimates t)an t)e #rinted estimates" Water The total %udget for the !ater 'u%sector rose from Kshs& 2=&0? %illion in 2005607 to Kshs& 35&>1 %illion in 2010611 an increase of 3?&>J4 (hile the actual e.penditures increased from Kshs& 17&2 %illion to Kshs& 25&> %illion a rise of 31&5J during the same period& This indicates that the actual e.penditures gre( more slo(ly than the approved %udget& The ratio %et(een the actual e.penditures and approved %udget stood at ?=&1J in 2010611 as compared to ?5&5J in 2007610& This (as due delays in due to procurement procedures applied %y development partners&

Housing Ever the period under revie( development allocation as (ell as e.penditure remained slightly higher than recurrent& <evelopment e.penditure averages 22J (hile recurrent ta,es a%out =2J of the total e.penditure& )a0or development e.penditure goes to slum upgrading initiatives housing infrastructure development activities as (ell as promotion of lo(+cost %uilding technologies& 3&1 Analysis of recurrent e.penditure #is it 3&1 chapter 3K$
PRINTED ESTIMATES 455675 455870 450570 8 5 0 )E)8 )!/ )o" Tota 2 112 = >?5 1 ??2 6+@A@ 2 0>2 = =?7 1 52? 6+;50 2 37? 2 >>7 7?5 8+5;; APPROVED ESTIMATES 455675 455 8 8705 2 22 2 1>= 1 = >?? = 23 > 1 ?1> 1 53 ? 6+@@B 6+@8 ; ACTUA/ E?PENDITURES 4556 45587 758 05 4505700 1 7?7 = 125 1 =3= B+@; 0 2 0>1 = 012 1 212 B+@66 2 =2= 2 =00 1 2>3 8+:6B

4505 700 2 =23 2 530 1 ?12 8+88 6

The sector recurrent %udget a%sorption rate has improved over the period from an average of 55J in 2005607 to the current rate of 73J in 2010611 *L& the under a%sorption is due to do(n time of /*)/' during the last month of the financial non release or late release of e.che1uer delay in processing of payment documents procurement inefficiencies and inade1uate reporting of district %ased e.penditures& There is also under e.penditure due to under collection of A&/&A&

4":"4 Ana (sis o, deve o#ment e>#endit!re Analysis of approved estimates and actual e.penditures under development vote sho(s that overall in 2010611 financial year the a%sorption rate (as lo( as the actual e.penditure (ere less compared to approved estimates %y >0? million #2=J$ lo(er from >22 million #25J$ in 2007610& /t may further %e o%served that most of the funds in development (ere allocated to use of goods and services and ac1uisition of nonIfinancial& "o(ever it (as an improvement from 2007610 financial year& Everall a comparison %et(een approved estimates and actual e.penditure from 2005607 to 2010611 sho(s under e.penditure %y 30J ?J and 13J respectively& <evelopment %udget rose %y =0&0J from Kshs 23&3 %illion in 2007610 to Kshs 32&5 %illion in 2010611& Actual e.penditure (as ?0&5J of the revised %udget for development e.penditures&
Printed Estimates 45567 455870 450570 58 5 0 1 22= 2 2>7 = =30 15 17? 2= >7> 32 230 2 330 40+B6 0 2 222 48+445 2 7>2 :8+844 Revised Estimates 45567 45587 45057 58 05 00 1 22= 2 333 2 22> 17 37 23 22 32 ?5 ? 3 3 2 0>> 2 12= 2 0>2 44+B0 4B+B0 :B+;5 B 5 0 Act!a E>#endit!re 45567 45587 4505700 58 05 1 157 1 >?7 1 7=> 12 =1? 1? ?3> 23 201 1 700 06+@5 A 2 0>3 40+;B 6 1 731 4B+5B6

)E)8 )!/ )" Tota

F/- 3 !*!#4./. (' &$+3&&$*0 $1,$*2/03&$ "4 .3".$+0(&

/n the development e.penditure the average a%sorption rate has progressively %een going do(n from 51J in 2005607 to ?2J in 2010611 *L& "o(ever the a%soption rate from "ousing su%sector have %een maintained a%ove 70J for the three years under revie( mainly due to their funds %eing @oK funds& The environment su%sectors a%sorption rate has too, a dive in 2007610 from 72J in 2005607 to ?2J in 2007610 %efore gaining to ?>J in

2010611& The drop in 2007610*L can %e attri%uted to non+release of donor funds amounting to Ksh 350 million for CVE)P///n the (ater su%sector the rate has progressively declined from a high of ?7J in 2005607 to ?1J in 2010611 *L& This is mainly due to non release of Ksh& 2%illion revenue for Tana Athi (hich (as incurred in reim%ursement %asis and %y the close of the *L the money had not %een availed slo( land compensation process for farmers (ho (ere affected to create areas for the construction of dams misallocation of funding to during revised to a non+implementing %oard and inade1uate and untimely reporting of e.penditures %y districts and development partners& 2&3&3 Analysis of e.ternally funded programmes Ta%le 2&7&2 presents sources of finances to government programmes for the period 2005607 to 2010611& *rom ta%le it can %e seen that the ma0or sources of funding has %een from government& Ether sources through (hich the programmes have %een funded are grants and loan&

Ta' e 4"8"4: So!rces o, *inances %-s)s" Mi ion&. s)o! d tota t)e : s!' sector a##roved '!dget. com'ine to come !# =it) a sector ta' e and e># ain <uring the period under revie( sector funding from development partners increased %y 2=&0J in the approved %udget from Kshs& 10 >1=&0 million to Kshs& 21 >1>&0 million& This is due to increased donor funding of development programs in environment and (ater M irrigation su%sectors& <uring 2010611 funding from development partners (as =5&2J of the total sector approved %udget of Kshs& 3> 30=&0 million& A##roved Estimates Act!a 455675 455870 450570 455675 8 5 0 8 15 =23& 21 25?& 22 5==& 1? ?32& ? 2 5 3 2 211&1 10 >1=& 0 = 222&2 2 3?5&2 1 5??&3 > 325&2 = >22&2 1 ?3>&0 0&0 :0+4B: "6 2 150&2 7 20=&2 ?>7&0 3?5&0 371&0 5 =32&2 1 23>&? ? 175&2 220&0 :A+:5; "5 3 023&? 21 >1>& 0 5 2=3&2 > >72&3 1 221&3 13 3?2& 2 5 02=&3 2 315&2 100&0 ;B+:8A "@ 1 ?30&? > 2 1 1 251&5 2?0&? 0>>&2 20=&2 E>#endit!res 455870 450570 5 0 21 5?5& 21 225& > ? 1 2=3&3 2 1=1&= >0?&0 251&0 32>&0 = =2?&2 2>?&2 3 5>0&3 10>&5 48+5A@ "4 2 2?3&= 12 321& 3 = 735&5 3 ?>=&3 1 1?=&> ? =12&2 = =03&= 3 007&0 0&0 :A+;@: ";

2o8ecurrent A+/+ A Donor Reven!e Coan @rant A.in.A Coan @rant Ether (CBK) Tota

= 311&2 3 ?2>&? 25=&2 0&0 4A+5;; "6

A##roved Act!a E>#endit!res E>#endit!res 45567 45587 450 455675 45587 45057 58 05 5700 8 05 00 2O2 705 =1>&1 3 72 2 73= 2 5>2 3 >>2 > 2 Donor 30? ?3> 5>0 20> 3>1 23> Rec!rrent A.in.A 203 ?0&00 17= 2> 1= 127 Reven!e 7> =73 >>? 22 33? 33= /oan =7 3?5 =32 12 251 1?0 2rant =? 112 232 3? 2> 1>= AIA 211 2=3 173 12= 2= 202

/oan 2rant Ot)er. s#eci,( Tota

+ + + 211 2=3 173 + + + :+;06 ;+@@; @+55 A

+ + 12= 2= + + :+0AA :+B:8

+ 202 + ;+:A5

/nternally generated funds increased due to ne( regulations %eing operationalized and more people came into compliance due to enhanced inspection& @rants receipts from %oth e.che1uer and donors (ere %elo( e.pectations in 2005607 and 2007610& "o(ever the trend improved in 2010611 (ith Kshs >= )illion %eing received especially for 9atural 8esource )anagement Pro0ect #98)P$& Water and Irrigation <uring the period under revie( e.ternal financing development partners increased significantly %y more than 100J in the approved %udget from Kshs& 10 30?&0 )illion in 2005607 to Kshs& 20 >35&0)illion in 2010611& E.ternal financing constituted 23&2J of the total %udget of Kshs 35 >13&> million in 2010611& Coans (ere Kshs 1= =11&> million constituting ?0J of e.ternal financing in 2010611 (hile grants (ere Kshs > 32>&2 million& Actual e.penditure %y development partners (as Kshs 11 512&3 million (hich is 2?&3J of their approved %udget of Kshs 20 >35&0 million in the same period& A##roved Estimates Act!a E>#endit!res 455675 455870 450570 455675 455870 450570 8 5 0 8 5 0 2o04+A45" 0B+68A 0A+5@0" 04+0A4 0A+4B8 0@+0BB" 5 ": 85 "5 "@ 0 8ecurrent A+/+ 1 >0?&? A 1 1=?&1 1 1?=&2 1 723&? 1 00?&1 >5?&5 0 05+:5B" 6+;A6" 45+A:6" A+:B@" ;+B65" 00+60@" Donor 5 4 5 6 ; : Reven!e 4+406" ;+0@8"@ 4BA"5 B+;B6"@ B 4B5"5 ;+A5;"6 Coan 2 327&2 + > 22?&3 1 021&2 + 3 27=&3 @rant A.in.A Coan @rant Ether (CBK) Tota 1 530&3 A+0;B"@ = >22&2 1 222&0 + 4;+5B;" 2?>&0 6+084" 4 1 23>&? > 722&2 220&0 4B+B68 1 221&3 1 1>?&2 0:+0@8" ;+0@B" @ 4 5 02=&3 3 ?2>&? 21 02&2 =30&2 100&0 + :6+A0:" 08+@;; 2?0&0 ;+;5:" @ 2>?&2 3 53>&3 10>&5 40+B;B 1 010&> B+405"@ = =03&= 2 50?&0 + 46+A55"

0 Housing

"5

"8

"A

A##roved Estimates

Act!a E>#endit!res

2o8ecurrent A+ /+A Donor Reven!e Coan @rant A.in.A Coan @rant Ether Tota

45567 455870 450570 455675 455870 4505700 58 5 0 8 5 2 572& 2 7?2&0 2 5=0&7 2 >3>&3 2 ?3?&1 2 >5>&> ? 5>1&0 73>&0 73> >7?&> 5=1&2 50>&?
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

006 86
+

+ + + +

+ + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + + +

75 45
+

+ + +

20
+ + +

:+B60" B

:+8A0 :+BBA" 8

:+:::" 8

:+@B6" A

:+;8:":

2&= 8evie( of pending %ills The su% sector-s pending %ills during the financial year 2007610 amounted to Kshs 135&? million& These (ere mainly due to po(er outages6failures to(ards the closure of the financial year (hich lasted over at the )inistry "ead1uarters& A good portion of the pending %ills (ould have %een salvaged had the po(er supply %een normal& <uring the 8evised Estimates the )inistry-s recurrent %udget #200?605$ (as cut %y the Treasury through the austerity measures %ut commitments had already %een effected& !hile the e.che1uer (as ad0usted do(n(ards the commitments (hich had already %een made could not %e honored& The follo(ing ta%le sho(s the analyses of the pending %ills for Environment su%sector; Con,irm ta' e n!m'er: Ta' e 4"8";: S!mmar( o, Pending $i s 4";"0 Rec!rrent #ending 'i s %In mi ions&
T(#e7 nat!re D!e to ac1 o, /i<!idit( 4556758 4558705 4505700 D!e to ac1 o, Provision 4556758 4558705 4505700

MEMR Electricity !ater Ethers+ specify#unpai d supplies$ MWI Electricity Ethers I Purchase of motor cycles )" 'upplies and services

> 2 132

3>

12

3>&3= 3&71

+ + +

>&21

4";"4 Deve o#ment #ending 'i s%In mi ions&

T(#e7 nat!re MEMR 3tility telephone Electricity !ater Personal claims Ethers+ specify MWI Ethers + specify )" 8epair and )aintenan ce of residential and non+ residential "ouses 4556758 =1 12 ? 37&? 102 + + 227 D!e to ac1 o, /i<!idit( 4558705 4505700 4556758 D!e to ac1 o, ,!nds 4558705 4505700

1&2>

C"APTE8 T"8EE; )E</3) TE8) P8/E8/T/E' A9< */9A9C/AC PCA9 *E8 T"E )TE* PE8/E< 201162012+20136201= 3&1 P 8 /E 8 / T / H AT / E 9 E * P 8E @ 8 A )) E ' A 9 < ' 3 B + P 8E @8 A ) ) E' The sector has three su%+sectors (ith a total of nine ma0or programmes %eing implemented& This section loo,s at various programmes and su%+ programmes that (ill %e underta,en in the 201262013 financial year %y the sector (ith their o%0ectives e.pected outputs outcomes and ,ey performance indicators& T A$/E :"0: E NVIRONMENT P ROTECTION + W ATER P RO2RAMMES AND THEIR O $CECTIVES
No" Programme Name Programme O'Dective To protect conserve and sustaina%ly manage the environment
AND

H OUSIN2

SECTOR

Programme O!t#!t E'< formulated and curricula at all levels revie(ed to address E'< concerns Environmental education and a(areness 3nderta,en

1& Environment )anagement and Protection

+/nventory of illegal dumpsites in 9airo%i +8educed /llegal dumpsites in 9airo%i

Pollution inventory <eveloped a(areness on climate change Adaptation programmes and Clean development mechanism pro0ects at community level and at counties respectively Created

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets +Curricular revie(ed at all levels + 5 )onitoring reports on implementation of E'< +5 E.hi%itions in 9ational and 8egional agriculture sho(s +1 environmental e.po +5 )azingira runs + +A(areness material developed 1 inventory of dumpsites /llegal dumpsites in 9airo%i reduced %y 12J + )onitor /mplementation of (aste management systems in 9airo%i and 2 ma0or municipalities + 1 /nventory of pollution sources on selected rivers +2 climate change Adaptation programmes at community level funded + 2 clean development mechanisms pro0ects approved and registered

No"

Programme Name

Programme O'Dective

Programme O!t#!t

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets + +100 prosecutions #'uccessful prosecution of environmental cases&$ +1000 licenses issued on gazeted regulations +/ncreased level of compliance +*inalized chemical +management regulations +E/A6EA reports revie(ed +!ildlife corridors secured through development control + Participation in Conference of parties on relevant )EAs +155 Nuarterly meetings of County environmental committees =? operational county offices + +1 Ca%oratory 1 'ensitive ha%itat guidelines developed + 1 sustaina%le tourism guidelines developed + 2 )anagement plans for Lala s(amp and 'a%a,i river Estuary developed + 1 national and =? 'EE 8eports + 1 9ational and =? Environment Action plans + + 3 data%ases esta%lished !ith their corresponding maps and reports + 1 report on "uman6(ildlife conflict map satellite imagery

Cevels of enforcement of environmental la( enhanced

'trategies and plans for )anagement of coastal Hone <eveloped )anagement plans for Lala s(amp and 'a%a,i river Estuary <eveloped County state of environment 8eports County Environment Action plans

Cand use6cover data%ase esta%lished !ildlife6livestoc, data%ase esta%lished

No"

Programme Name

Programme O'Dective

Programme O!t#!t

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets 1no& ecological map 1harmonized policy and (ater and fisheries + 2 management plans done 73?&2 "a catchment reha%ilitated& 300 monitoring stations reha%ilitated 9o& of monitoring stations operationalized 2 large dams constructed 22 medium size dams constructed 100 small dams and (ater pans constructed

Vegetation data%ase esta%lished +"armonization of (ater and fisheries policies Catchment and (etland master plans Area of catchment reha%ilitated& (ater resource monitoring stations reha%ilitated and operationalized

15&!ater 8esources )anagement and !ater 'torage

To increase availa%ility of sustaina%le (ater resources through effective management and protection of (ater sources

large dams constructed

medium size dams constructed small dams and (ater pans constructed

22&"ousing <evelopment and "uman 'ettlement

To facilitate access to decent and afforda%le housing

Promotion and dissemination of appropriate lo( cost %uilding technology

9ational housing 'urvey report Construction of housing units

?2 constituency Appropriate Building Technologies #ABTs$ Centres esta%lished + 2 200 ne( trainees trained in use of ABTs Comprehensive national housing survey done + <evelop 5 =00 housing units under the civil servant scheme + Completion of 352 housing units under 9"C + Construction of 1=52 housing units

No"

Programme Name

Programme O'Dective

Programme O!t#!t

/nstallation of social and physical infrastructure in slums and informal settlements

<is%ursement of loans for civil servants- housing

Estates management

8evie( of Building Ca(s and 8egulations

27&)eteorological 'ervices

To provide accurate and timely (eather and climate

<ata o%servation systems and net(or,s

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets %y 9"C + 300 acres of land for housing development opened up + 12 720 housing units and social infrastructure facilities under slum upgrading programme developed + 10 "ousing co+ operatives formed in slum areas + Kshs& 20 million savings from slum housing co+ operatives mo%ilized + Kshs& 1&2 %illion loans granted to Civil 'ervants to purchase or develop houses + @rant Kshs& >00 million loans for rural6peri+ur%an housing development %y 9"C + 10 000 government residential housing units refur%ished + 12 200 plots6estates secured + 100J registration of @overnment %uildings as they get completed + Eperationalize the Building Ca( and 8egulations as + Eperationalize )aintenance Policy + Esta%lish 2 no& ne( o%servatories + Ac1uire 2 no& parcels of land for ne(

No"

Programme Name

Programme O'Dective information and services for the safety of life protection of property and conservation of the natural environment&

Programme O!t#!t

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets o%servatories + 8enovate 2 9o& of o%servatories + 8elocate 2 9o& airport o%servatories #Kisumu and Eldoret Airports$ + 8eha%ilitate 300 no& of 8ainfall 'tations + 8eha%ilitate 10 no & Temperature stations + Esta%lish 2 no& upper air o%servatories + Ac1uire 2= no& A!' + Ac1uire 2 no& A!E' + /nstall = no& %road%and seismic e1uipment + Ac1uire 2 no& hinged %uoys for Ca,e Victoria + /nstall 20 no& Automatic "ydromet stations + Ac1uire 100 no <igital %asic (eather and climate monitoring instruments + materials + Esta%lish 3 9o& 8A9ET *) stations Esta%lish 3 9o& of County !eather and Climate /nformation Centre #C!C/C$ Ac1uire 1 9o& TV !eather 'ystem 8ecruit 120 9o )eteorological personnel Train 220 9o& Personnel + "ost 2 9o& international (or,shops + Participate in 22 !)E /CAE and EAC technical committee meetings6(or,shops + 3nderta,e 3 no& research

/nformation 'ystems for effective dissemination of (eather and climate information M products to users

E.pertise and competence in meteorology

No"

Programme Name

Programme O'Dective To increase utilization of land through irrigation drainage and land reclamation

Programme O!t#!t Area developed for irrigation night storage pans constructed (ater conservation and rain (ater harvesting structures constructed in A'ACs Area of land reclaimed medium size to(ns ur%an (ater supplies infrastructure e.panded ne( (ater and sanitation pro0ects constructed ne( %oreholes drilled and e1uipped )ining la( enacted and ne( mining policy developed Area geologically mapped )ineral prospects investigated 9um%er of geological sites documented @eohazard areas mapped 9um%er of e.plorations and mining concessions inspected 9um%er of 1uarries and e.plosives magazines inspections + Education for 'ustaina%le <evelopment #E'<$

30&Provision of /rrigation /nfrastructure and Cand 8eclamation

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets 2000 "a developed 20 night storage pans constructed

3200 of (ater conservation and rain (ater harvesting structures constructed ?000 "a of land reclaimed 2> ur%an (ater supplies infrastructure e.panded 150 (ater and sanitation pro0ects constructed 1>0 %oreholes drilled and e1uipped 'ta,eholder-s (or,shops and retreats& Engagements Consultancy /ncrease geologic map coverage %y 3 000,m2 = minerals assessed 2 geological sites documented = geohazard sites mapped 120 inspections of e.ploration and mining concessions6operations >0 inspections of 1uarries 130 inspections of e.plosives magazines + E'< policy

32&!ater 'upply and 'e(erage

To increase access to ade1uate and relia%le (ater supply and se(erage services to the nation

33&)ineral 8esources )anagement

<evelopment of geological and mineral resources data%ases and formulation implementation and revie( of the e.isting mining policies and legislation

=0&Environment Policy <evelopment and

To provide policy and legal guidance for efficient and

No"

Programme Name Coordination

Programme O'Dective effective management for the environment and mineral resources su%+ sector

Programme O!t#!t finalized and implemented + Climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies implemented + Climate change /nformation Education and Communication #/EC$ materials developed + Policies formulation + 8efur%ishment of )a0i "ouse

-e( Per,ormance Indicators and Targets

+ 3 strategies implemented

+ = climate change /EC material developed

=3&!ater Policy and )anagement

To ensure the (ater sector is (ell managed and coordinated

Policies formulated )a0i "ouse #Phase //$ refur%ished

3&1&3 P 8 E @ 8A ) ) E '

BL

E 8< E 8

E*

8A9K/9@

The 'ector programmes (ere ran,ed according to issues emanating from Country-s <evelopment agenda %asic re1uirements in the 9e( Constitution and also from County consultation forum& The in order of ran,ing are4 i& ii& iii& iv& v& vi& vii& viii& i.& .& Environment )anagement and Protection4 !ater 8esources )anagement and !ater 'torage "ousing <evelopment and "uman 'ettlement )eteorological 'ervices Provision of /rrigation /nfrastructure and Cand 8eclamation !ater 'upply and 'e(erage )ineral 8esources )anagement Environment policy development and coordination !ater Policy and )anagement Administration and 'upport 'ervices
/9

3&1&= K E L ' T 8A T E @ / C / 9T E 8V E 9T / E 9 '

CE39T/E'

BL E 8< E 8 E * 8A 9 K / 9 @

The follo(ing ta%le gives an overvie( of priorities of ,ey issues and their proposed interventions as (ere given during the County Consultations on sector issues affecting the populations&
Ran 1 1& -e( iss!es Environmental <egradation and Protection of !etlands Interventions Encourage afforestation re+ afforestation and agroforestry4 Build ga%ions4 8eha%ilitate dy,es4 Enforce 10J tree+cover policy4 'u%sidize alternative sources of energy4 /ncreased forest patrols4 /dentification mapping and reha%ilitation of degraded sites Enhance enforcement and compliance of la(s4 Pu%lic sensitization of environmental conservation <emarcation of (ater catchment areas& Promotion of car%on trading Encourage contour ploughing4 8egulate river stones and sand harvesting Planting of depleted )angrove trees 8eha%ilitate e.pand and develop rural and ur%an (ater supplies Programmes Environmental Protection and )anagement

2&

/nade1uate access to clean and safe (ater

!ater 'upply and 'e(erage 'ervices&

Ran 1

-e( iss!es

Interventions E.ploit other via%le (ater sources e&g gravity system Hero rate on (ater e1uipments <evelop (ater storage infrastructure for multipurpose use Conservation restoration and protection of (ater springs Ensure all (ater supplies have conventional treatment plants 8emove restrictive regulations on drilling of %oreholes <esalination of (ater 'et up and operationalize County !ater 'ervices Company to carry out operation and maintenance of the e.isting (ater supplies and contract agents from community organizations Enhance enforcement and compliance of la(s )ainstream environmental audits "ave designated dumpsites A(areness creation Esta%lish a fund for (aste recycling enterprises %y community groups Provision of (aste receptacles Biodegradation and recycling of (aste matter 8egular collection of (astes Construction of modern solid and li1uid (aste sites "armonizing e.isting la(s %et(een line ministries Amend %y+la(s to mitigate on the current issues Ban the use of plastics 8ecycling plant Enhance enforcement and compliance of la(s /dentify and map out county (ater to(ers and upscale formation of (ater resource users associations 'et up community committees Provision of (ater harvesting technologies <evelop )E3 and initialize Payment of Environmental services Construct dams upstream4 Promotion of car%on trading Enhance enforcement and compliance

Programmes

3&

Pollution control and !aste )anagement

Environmental Protection and )anagement

=&

)anagement and Protection of (ater resources and sharing

!ater 8esources management and !ater storage&

Ran 1

-e( iss!es

Interventions of la(s4 Conversion of disused 1uarries into (ater dams 'ensitize the pu%lic on (ater resource management !ater resource sharing4 Protection of underground (ater sources <evelopment of lo( cost housing materials Encourage vertical e.pansion Encourage PPP investments Adopt ne( construction technologies 'lum upgrading and prevention Enhance physical planning Esta%lish housing data%ase Compliance to %uilding la(s regulations and standards Conservation of cultural houses Enhance housing development schemes Enforcement 6 development of physical planning regulations Enforce %uilding codes and regulations 'cale up on early (arning information on (eather Proper dissemination of (eather forecast information Enhance data collection and dissemination Esta%lish county (eather6climate information centres Esta%lish (ell e1uipped management centres Capacity %uilding #staff and e1uipment$ Creation of a(areness to the people e&g& poor mining practices /nstallation of lightening arresters in pu%lic %uildings and institutions <evelop reha%ilitate and e.pand irrigation infrastructure <rainage of (ater+logged agricultural land Proper farm and soil conservation methods A(areness creation on irrigation techni1ues !aste (ater disposal systems in ur%an centres

Programmes

2&

/nade1uate decent housing

"ousing <evelopment and "uman 'ettlement

>&

Availa%ility and dissemination of (eather6climat e information for early (arning systems and disaster preparedness

)eteorological 'ervices

?&

/nade1uate irrigation infrastructure

<evelopment of /rrigation and <rainage /nfrastructure

5&

Poor sanitation and se(erage

!ater 'upply and 'e(erage

Ran 1

-e( iss!es system

Interventions <evelop se(erage systems and storm (ater drainage Enhance solid (aste management Promote construction of Eco friendly toilets in rural and informal settlements Carry out detail @eophysical mapping of the counties E.ploitation and %enefit sharing in mineral resources 8estoration of 1uarry sites /ssuance of policy guidelines on 1uarrying Enhance capacity on value addition on mineral #training processing and mar,eting$

Programmes 'ervices&

7&

E.ploitation and e.ploration of minerals and associated impacts

)ineral 8esource )anagement

3&2 A 9 A CL ' / '

E*

8 E' E 3 8 C E 8 E N 3 / 8E ) E 9T

The follo(ing section sho(s analysis of resources as re1uired %y the sector for the )TE* period 2012613 I 201=61=& 3&2&1 A 9 A CL ' / ' E * 8 E' E 3 8 C E 8 E N 3 / 8E ) E 9T B L ' EC T E8 *or the 'ector to achieve its o%0ectives and a%ove detailed outputs it (ill re1uire Kshs&5?&2 %illion in the 2012613 *L& This is >0&1J increase from *L 2011612 %udget of Kshs& 2=&> %illion& The rise in recurrent is due to increased re1uirement %y 'A@As in the 'ector& /n terms of <evelopment construction of ne( large dam to %e underta,en in the ne.t financial year donor commitment is forecasted to increase for ma0or pro0ects and this (ill re1uire an increase in @oK counterpart funding& T A$/E :"4"0: A NA/ESIS O* R ESOURCE R EFUIREMENT $E S ECTOR Sector. Environmenta Protection+ Water and Ho!sing ProDected Estimates 450070 450;70 4 450470: 450:70; @ Rec!rrent Deve o#ment TOTA/ 3&2&1 A 9 A CL ' / '
E*

10 >53&1 0 =3 7=1&0 0 2= >2=&1 0

15 222&20 ?= 755&50 5? =?2&00

BL

30 55=&10 107 ?=0&3 0 1=0 703&= 0

32 150&2 0 123 7?1& 50 1>2 =71& 00

8 E' E 3 8 C E 8 E N 3 / 8E ) E 9T

' 3 B + ' EC T E8

Sector. Environmenta Protection+ Water and Ho!sing ProDected Estimates 450070 S!'.sector 4 450470: 450:70; 450;70@ Environment 8ecurrent <evelopment SU$.TOTA/ Water 8ecurrent > =02&1 ? 7>?&2 20 02=&1 23 222&2 2 >01 = 10?
A+B56"5 5

5 35= > >=0

0@+54;"5 5

5 522 ? 510
0A+AA@"5 5

7 250 ? ?52
0B+:A@"5 5

<evelopment SU$.TOTA/ Ho!sing

3? 212& 0 ;:+80B" 0 1 >50&0

>3 ?22&5 B0+A8:" 5 1 701&0 = >23&0 A+@4;"5 6B+;B@" 55

7? 022&3 00B+5B8 "; 1 7?2&0 = 702&0 A+665"5 0;5+85: ";5

111 1=>& 5 0:;+AB4 "5 2 0?2&0 2 0=0&0 B+00@"5 0A4+;80 "55

8ecurrent <evelopment SU$.TOTA/ TOTA/ 3&2&3 8 E 'E 3 8 C E 2 317&0 :+888"5 @;+@8@" 05

8 EN 3 / 8 E ) E9 T B L

P 8 E @8A ) ) E '
$E

A9 <

' 3 B + P 8E @8 A ) ) E'
AND

T A$/E : R ESOURCE REFUIREMENTS

PRO2RAMMES

P RO2RAMMES

S U$ .

/n the current financial year the development partners provides Ksh&20B to support the (ater su% sector& This (ill rise to Ksh&27B in the financial year 2012613&This e.tra funding (ill re1uire additional counterpart funding& P8EV/'/E9 E* /88/@AT/E9 A9< <8A/9A@E /9*83'T83CT38E This *6L 2011612 9ational /rrigation Board (as allocated Ksh&5&2 %illion over and a%ove their Ksh&1&5% under the e.panded /rrigation Programme #E/P$ for putting up 25 000 "a under /rrigation country (ide& These funds are currently not in the printed estimates for !ater su%+sector& /t (as agreed (ith treasury that (ith good utilization of the funds e.tra funds (ill %e availed in the su%se1uent *inancial Lear& /t is also important to underta,e e.pansion of smallholder irrigation schemes to %e in line (ith the parliamentary %ill to develop 2000"a of irrigation in every constituency in the country& This necessitates the increase in irrigation funding %y Ksh& 10&7 B for /rrigation <evelopment& !hen the funds are availed 20 000 "a (ill %e put under /rrigation and meet the =0 000"a target under the )TP& !ATE8 8E'E38CE )A9A@E)E9T A9< !ATE8 'TE8A@E 9!CPC re1uires Ksh 1&7 Billion for Chemususu <am to %e completed ne.t financial year Ksh& ?&2 Billion for ne( large dams to start namely 9zoia siyoi Bunyunyu Archers Post and 8are <ams in 201262013 *inancial Lear Ksh 5&2 Billion and Ksh 2&2 Billion for *inancial years 201361= 201=612 respectively& The Corporation also intends to strengthen *lood control (or,s in 9yando 9zoia 90oro Ku%(a Latta <aua and @arsen To(n at a total cost of 202

)illion in 2012613 *inancial Lear and Ksh ?00 )illion and 520 )illion respectively in the follo(ing su%se1uent *inancial Lears& The 'ector (ill also drill 1>0 9o& %oreholes at 7>0 )illion during 2012613*inancial Lear and 1&0 Billion each in su%se1uent *inancial Lears& Construction of 'mall pans and small dams (ill cost Ksh >>0 )illion during 2012613 and ?00 )illion in 201361= The additional funding in the (ater 8esources su% programme (ill %e re1uired to reha%ilitate 300 e.isting hydro meteorological stations and install additional 100 regional gauging stations to enhance (ater resources data collection and management& /n addition funding (ill %e used to reha%ilitate all (ater catchment to(ers to restore them& Water s!## ies and se=erage The re1uirement for this programme (ill %e used in rural (ater supplies reha%ilitation e.pansion and development of 150 rural and community (ater supplies schemes& it (ill also %e used in ur%an (ater supplies in 9airo%i )om%asa Kisumu 9zoia and 2> medium size to(ns in )TP programmes& Counterpart funding for the same increased due to the rise in donor commitments&

Environment Management

<epartment of 8esource 'urveys 8emote 'ensing #<8'8'$ increased their re1uirement from Ksh&=?2 ) to Ksh& 27= is for funds to cater for ac1uisition of a modern state of the art digital large format camera for remote sensing and installation of solar panel as an alternative source of energy for A)E'< satellite systems& Meteoro ogica Services /n )eteorological services there are plans to improve the provision of meteorological information and services through the follo(ing; improve <ata E%servation 'ystems and 9et(or,s %y esta%lishing ne( o%servatories and ac1uiring automatic (eather and climate monitoring stations and e1uipment4 improve <ata Telecommunication 'ystem and 9et(or,s %y installation of ne( telecommunication e1uipment4 improve <ata Processing Analysis and *orecasting 'ystems %y ac1uiring and installing ne( state+of+ the+art systems and soft(are4 Esta%lish /nformation 'ystems for effective dissemination of (eather and climate information and products to users4 and enhance "uman 8esource Capital& The <epartment is also see,ing to underta,e initial studies in Advertent !eather )odification programme for the suppression of hailstone over the 9andi "ills I Kericho areas enhancement of rainfall in the arid and semi+arid regions fog suppression on the high grounds of central and 9airo%i and sno(pac, augmentation on )t& Kenya& As a !)E regional 'pecialized )eteorological Centre #8')C$ for monsoonal flo( along the coast and forecast of tropical cyclones in the south(estern

part of the /ndian Ecean Kenya has %een designated %y !)E to host the 'evere !eather *orecasting <emonstration Pro0ect #'!*<P$ for the seven countries in /@A<& The '!*<P (ill forecast high+impact (eather events li,e hailstorms thunderstorms gusty (inds tropical cyclone heat (aves etc and issue forecasts& Kenya and morocco are also test+%eds for the ne( concept of the (orld meteorological organization #!)E$ titled Othe !)E /ntegrated @lo%al E%serving 'ystem #!/@E'$ and !)E information system #!/'$O& !hereas )orocco has applied to %e upgraded to a @lo%al /nformation 'ystem Centre #@/'C$ Palong (ith 3'A *rance 3K Dapan China and 8ussiaQ Kenya has not applied for upgrade to a <ata Collection and Production Centre #<CPC$ %ecause of lac, of and& The <epartment is currently installing an /ntegrated )eteorological /nformation 'ystem #/)/'$ and re1uire Climate <ata Base )anagement 'ystem #'<B)'$ and 8A<E)E to integrate the Automatic !eather o%serving net(or, systems %eing installed around the country& This (ill cost Kshs& =00 )illion& The <epartment is also in need of funds to set up Centre for 9ational *rame(or, of Climate 'ervices #9*C'$ an outcome of the !)E @lo%al *rame(or, of Climate 'ervices #@*C'$ included under the /ntegrated 'trategy for )eteorology advocated %y the African )inisterial Conference on )eteorology #A)CE)ET$& This venture is to cost Kshs& 2>?&0 million and the 1st phase (ill cost a%out Kshs& 320&0 million& Ene of the *lagship programme Advertent !eather )odification is yet to ta,e shape as no funds has %een availed to underta,e the Phase / of the programme (hich entail the initial feasi%ility study appro.imated to cost Kshs& >00 )illion& /n terms of recurrent K)< esta%lished 8egional )eteorological Efficers and posted officers to the provincial head1uarters headed %y Provincial <irectors of )eteorology& These offices lac, office space and %asic office furniture and e1uipment& The <epartment re1uires furniture for the additional floor at the "ead1uarters the ne(ly esta%lished 9ational 8esearch Centre the remodeled hostel rooms the /)T8 classes the Provincial <irectors Effices the ne(ly %uilt o%servatories #9gong Ka,amega Em%u and 'u%a$ the outstations and the esta%lished 8A9ET offices& The <epartment services heavily depend on field (or,4 data o%servation instrument installation and inspection& Currently it is faced (ith an acute shortage of transport vehicles due to the @overnment policy on transport& The <epartment (as made to surrender many vehicles (ith no replacement and no %udgetary provision to %uy ne( ones for its operations in the /nternational Airports and Air%ase as part of net(or, of 3? stations spread throughout the country that (or, 2= hours ? days a (ee, including (ee,ends and pu%lic holidays in o%serving (eather transmission of data analysis and issuance of (eather information and forecasts& K)< last year

esta%lished 5 Provincial )eteorological offices in order devolve services closer to the people& There is therefore an urgent need to provide ade1uate funds to purchase at least =2 ro%ust vehicles that can (or, in tough and remote terrain& K)< currently has a fleet of only 15 old vehicles #a num%er of (hich are unservicea%le$& The department is li,ely to face succession management challenges as it is estimated that in the ne.t 10 years close to 20J and (ithin ne.t 2 years 17J of the total (or,force (ill have retired& The optimal staffing level is 1 200 (hile the current level is 231 and more than& "o(ever during the financial year 201062011 the <epartment received Kshs&30 million to employ ne( staff& The <epartment (as a%le to employ forty #=7$ )eteorologists and Engineers& The <epartment still needs to employ at least 2=0 meteorological technicians to man its o%servatories on a 2= hour %asis and another num%er (ill %e re1uired to cater for devolved services& Ho!sing Deve o#ment and H!man Sett ement The Kshs 2B allocation re1uested for as a transfer to 9"C is meant to implement the )inistry-s "ousing policy %y providing housing to the lo(+ income groups through lo(+cost housing programmes& This is to %e used for granting loans for rural6peri+ur%an housing development& This is premised on the fact that housing is no( a right for every Kenyan& Minera Reso!rces and Management /n mineral resources management there (ill %e enhancement of geological surveys and to come up (ith detailed mineral e.ploration and regulation of mining sector& /n order to operationalize the functions at national regional and county levels there is need to increase the num%er of technical staff and infrastructure among other resource re1uirements to facilitate field operations& Coupled (ith this (ill %e a corresponding increase in operational costs such as utilities and purchase repair maintenance and reha%ilitation of data%ases plant e1uipment and machinery& Sector. Environmenta Protection+ Water and Ho!sing ProDected Estimates Programme 4500704 450470: 450:70; 450;70@

Programme 0: Environment Po ic( Deve o#ment and Coordination 'P; 1&1 Administration and ==0&0 220&0 >00&0 >20&0 coordination Tota e>#endit!re ;;5"5 @@5"5 A55"5 A@5"5 #rogramme 0

Sector. Environmenta Protection+ Water and Ho!sing ProDected Estimates Programme 'P 2&18esource survey and 8emote sensing& 'P 2&2;Environmental )anagement 'P 2&3;Ca,e Victoria Environmental management 'P 2&=; 9airo%i 8ivers 8eha%ilitation and E.ploration Tota e>#endit!re #rogramme 4 'P 3&1 )ines and @eology <evelopment 'P 3&2 )ineral surveys and E.ploration& Tota e>#endit!re Programme : 'P =&1; )eteorological systems )odernization 'P =&2; !eather )odification Tota E>#endit!re Programme ; 4500704 =?2&0 3 02>&0 ==1&0 30?&0 ;+4BA"5 450470: 27=&0 5 230&0 >00&0 =20&0 05+0B;"5 450:70; >20&0 5 7?0&0 ?00&0 220&0 05+6B5" 5 300&0 372&0 A8@" 450;70@ 200&0 7 2>0&0 + ?00&0 05+BA5"5

Programme 4: Environment Management and Protection

Programme :: Minera Reso!rces Management 152&0 277&0 ;60"5 220&0 =00&0 A@5"5 332&0 =20&0 BB@"5

Programme ;: Meteoro ogica Services and C imate C)ange 1 211&0 0 1 211&0 2 700&0 ?20&0 3 >20&0 3 300&0 1 200&0 = 200&0 3 520&0 1 320&0 2 200&0

Programme 0: Water Po ic( and Management 'P 1&1; !ater Policy 515&20 712&?0 <irection and )anagement 606"45 804"B5 S!'.Tota

1 =0=&?0 0+;5;"B 5

= 2?1&>0 ;+4B0"A5

Programme 4: Water S!## ( and Se=erage Services 'P 2&1; 3r%an (ater and 2= 251&20 2? 000 =3 371&0 se(erage 0

23 231&?0

Sector. Environmenta Protection+ Water and Ho!sing ProDected Estimates Programme 'P 2&2; 8ural (ater supply 'P 2&3; !ater for informal settlements S!'.Tota 4500704 ? >3=&30 312&50 :4+4:0": 5 450470: 5 =>=& 3?7&00 :@+6;: 450:70; 7 310&>0 =2=&50 @:+0@A" ;5 450;70@ 10 2=1&?0 2=2&?0 A;+508"0 5

Programme :: Water Reso!rces Management and 'P 3&1; !ater 8esources 1 722&50 3 571&0 )anagement 'P 3&2; !ater 'torage and 2 =10&00 1> 200 *lood Control B+:A4"65 45+:80 S!'.Tota

Water Storage 12 0=5&5 12 2>?&>0 0 23 >00&0 2> 010&00 0 :6+A;6" ;0+4BB"A 65 5

Programme ;: Provision o, Irrigation and Drainage In,rastr!ct!re 'P =&1; <evelopment of 3 322&=0 1= 27= 23 221&3 2= ??=&70 /rrigation and <rainage 0 infrastructure 122&=0 222 315&20 325&50 'P =&2; Cand 8eclamation :+@5;"65 0;+@;A"55 4:+6A8" 4@+05:"B S!'.Tota @5 5 Ho!sing Programme 0:Administration and s!##ort services 'P 2&1; Administration and 172 232 2>= 250 support services 'P 2&2; Policy 8esearch and + =0 >> ?0 <evelopment 084 4B@ ::5 :@5 S!'.Tota Programme 4:Ho!sing Deve o#ment and H!man Sett ement 2 323 2 ?2? 2 ?50 'P1&1 "ousing <evelopment 1 =2= 1 222 1 2?0 'P1&2 Estates )anagement 'P 1&3 9ational "ousing + 2 000 2 200 Corporation #@rants$ :+65B A+4;8 A+@@5 S!'.Tota 2 700 1 >>2 2 200 A+BA@

Sector. Environmenta Protection+ Water and Ho!sing ProDected Estimates Programme Tota :"4";
TA$/E .

4500704 450470: 450:70; 450;70@ :+888 A+@4; A+665 B+00@

TO S TRATE2IC I NTERVENTIONS IN C OUNTIES SHOWIN2 THE -EE ISSUES + A//OCATIONS + INTERVENTIONS

A //OCATIONS

-e( iss!es 0"5 Environmental <egradation and Protection of !etlands /nade1uate access to clean and safe (ater Pollution control and !aste )anagement )anagement and Protection of (ater resources and sharing /nade1uate decent housing Availa%ility and dissemination of (eather6climate information for early (arning systems and disaster preparedness /nade1uate irrigation infrastructure Poor sanitation and se(erage system E.ploitation and e.ploration of minerals and associated impacts

Programmes Environmental Protection and )anagement !ater 'upply and 'e(erage 'ervices& Environmental Protection and )anagement !ater 8esources management and !ater storage& "ousing <evelopment and "uman 'ettlement )eteorological 'ervices

A ocation %450470:&

4" :"

;" @" A"

B" 6" 8"

<evelopment of /rrigation and <rainage /nfrastructure !ater 'upply and 'e(erage 'ervices& )ineral 8esource )anagement

:"4"@ S EMI A UTONOMOUS 2 OVERNMENT A 2ENCIES The 'A@As in the Environmental Protection !ater and "ousing 'ector are the implementing Agencies for development pro0ects thus the high %udgetary re1uirements& 8ecurrent e.penditure transfers re1uirements (ill remain at the current levels& The ta%le sho(s resource re1uired %y the different semi autonomous government agencies

Nationa Environment Management A!t)orit( 9ema needs Kshs 150 ) to recruit ne( staff& The current staff complement of 320 employees is (ell short of the targeted 1000 employees to underta,e the (ide environmental mandate& 9E)A intends to operationalise counties and (ill re1uire an additional Kshs 151m in recruiting county staff and transferring current staff& County offices (ill increase the scope and reach of 9E)A-s operations and as a conse1uence the use of goods and services is e.pected to proportionately increase& The authority has %een facing %rain drain due to staff leaving to other institutions in search of %etter pay& The authority intends to enhance staff salaries and (ill re1uire Kshs 200m& To enhance institutional capacity and infrastructure the Authority intends to Purchase to the follo(ing non+financial assets& /n the current allocations no development funds (ere allocated %y treasury to(ards capital e.penditure& The motor vehicles #1?2m$ )otor %oats #?m$ computers #12m$ Effice furniture M e1uipment #1=m$ Compliance e1uipment #12m$ construction of offices #>?0m$ construction of traning center #200m$ construction and e1uipping #=20m$ improvement of infrastructure and county infrastructure #20?m$& T A$/E :":"A: A NA/ESIS O* RESOURCE R EFUIREMENT S EMI A UTONOMOUS 2 OVERNMENT A 2ENCIES . *I2URE 450070 4 !ater Appeal Board !ater 'ervices 8egulatory Board !ater 8esources )anagement Authority !ater 'ervices Trust *und Athi !ater 'ervices Board Tana !ater 'ervices Board Tanathi !ater 'ervices Board 8ift Valley !ater 'ervices Board Ca,e Victoria 9orth !ater 'ervices Board Ca,e Victoria 'outh !ater 'ervices Board 9orthern !ater 'ervices Board 12&0 20&0 100&0 2 152 = 322&0 3 273 3 ??0&0 =25&0 2 775&0 2 721&0 1 =31&0 1 2 3 3
VERSUS A //OCATION IN MI//IONS

Re<!irements 450470: 20&0 131&0 715&0 2?>&0 22=&0 273&0

A ocatio n 450470:

Variance

> 35?&0 2 200&0 3 005&0 2 731&0 2 0>0&0

Coast !ater 'ervices Board 9ational !ater Conservation and Pipeline Corporation 9ational /rrigation Board Kenya !ater /nstitute S!'.Tota Water and Irrigation 9ational Environment )anagement Authority 9ational Environment Trust *und Pu%lic Complaints Committee 9ational Environment Tri%unal S!'.Tota Environment and Minera Reso!rces 9ational "ousing Corporation S!'.Tota Ho!sing Tota 2rand ,or t)e Sector

3 7=?&0 2 255&0 > =02&0 120&0 :B+4AB "5 ?27&0 20&0 23&0 33&0 6:@"5 + . :6+054 "55

= 000&0 1> 7>7&0 12 27=&0 130&0 A0+@@0"5 2 ?02 &0 ?0&0 35&0 =5&0 @+6A0"5 2 000&0 4+555"5 A8+;04"55

T A$/E :"4"@: A NA/ESIS O* R ESOURCE R EFUIREMENT $E E CONOMIC C /ASSI*ICATION " Environment and Minera reso!rces s!'.sector Estimat Estima ProDected es tes Estimates 450070 450470 450:7 450;745 4 E>#endit!re C assi,ication : 0; 0@ 0" C!rrent E>#endit!re 4+A50 6+:6; 6+6@@ 8+@65 Compensation to Employees 72? 1 1=0 1 302 1 200 3se of goods and services >?= 1 010 1 200 1 210 Current Transfers @ovt& Agencies 550 2 7=0 2 750 > 052 Ether 8ecurrent 70 27= 3?0 =52 4" Ca#ita E>#endit!re ;+05B A+A;5 B+605 B+B6@ Ac1uisition of 9on+*inancial Assets 2 370 = 270 2 =10 2 152 Capital Transfers to @ovt& 100 120 200 300 Agencies Ether <evelopment 1 >1? 1 700 2 200 2 300 Tota E>#endit!re 0A+AA A+B56 0@+54; 0B+:A@ @

Water and irrigation s!'.sector E>#endit!re C assi,ication

Estima Estima tes tes 450070 450470 4 : A+;54"0 B+8AB"4 1 ?20&1 1 7?1&7 2 102&> 2 =1?&1 2 217&2 3 211&7 2?&2 >>&3 :B+@0@" A:+B4@" 5 65 23 >20& 3> 202& 5 2 12 >22& 20 231&3 0 0 1 207&2 > >72&3 ;:+80B" 0 B0+A8:

C!rrent E>#endit!re Compensation of employees 3se of goods and services Transfers to @ov-t Agencies& Ether 8ecurrent Ca#ita E>#endit!re Ac1uisition of non+financial assets Capital Transfers to @ov-t Agencies Ether development TETAC ERPE9</T38E VETE 20 Ho!sing s!'.sector

ProDected Estimates 450:70 450;70 ; @ 45+5@;" 4:+@4@" 0 4 2 031&1 2 072&1 3 157&5 3 >2?&5 1= ?=0& 1> 520& 2 ? 73&0 72=&> 8B+54@" 000+0; : A"6 3? 77>& =2 331& 3 1 22 3>3& >1 >22& 7 3 > >>2&1 ? 173&= 00B+5B 0:;+AB 8"; 4"5

C!rrent E>#endit!re Compensation to employees 3se of goods and services Current transfers of @ovt& Agencies Ether recurrent Ca#ita E>#endit!re Ac1uisition of 9on +*inancial Assets Capital Transfers to @ovt Agencies Ether <evelopment Total Expenditure of ote!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

450070 4 450470: 0A65 0850 32? 325 >13 500 ?00 ?20 10 23 4+:08 ;+A4: 1 2=7 1 ?57 + 2 000 ??0 53= :+888 A+@4;

ProDected Estimates 450:70 450;70 ; @ 08B@ 45B@ 3?0 =00 520 700 ?22 ?30 30 =2 ;+85@ @+5;5 1 502 1 570 2 200 2 200 700 720 A+665 B+00@

3.3 A N A L5 S I S O F R E SO U R C E R E 6 U I RE M E NT V ER S U S A LLO C A T I ON The 'ector re1uires a total of Kshs& 102&? Billion in the *L 2012613 against availa%le allocation of Kshs& =7&2 Billion #Kshs& 22&7 Billion from @oK and

Kshs& 23&> Billion from <onors$& This sho(s that 'ector programmes pro0ects and activities are half funded& <etails are given in the follo(ing ta%les& T A$/E :":"0: S UMMARE O* R ESOURCE A //OCATIONS $E SU$ . SECTOR Environment and Minera Reso!rces s!'.sector Reso!rce A ocation E>#endit!re C assi,ication 450470: 201361= 201=612 0" Rec!rrent E>#endit!re @ross A+in+A 9et 4" Deve o#ment E>#endit!re @ross @oK Coans @rants Cocal A+in+A Total Expenditure Water S!'.sector E>#endit!re C assi,ication 0" Rec!rrent E>#endit!re 2ross A+in+A Net 4" Deve o#ment E>#endit!re 2ross @oK Coans @rants Cocal A+in+A Total Expenditure Ho!sing s!'.sector Reso!rce A ocation 450470: 450;70 450:70; @ Reso!rce A ocation 450470: 201361= 201=612

E>#endit!re C assi,ication 0" Rec!rrent E>#endit!re @ross A+in+A 9et 4" Deve o#ment E>#endit!re @ross @oK

Coans @rants Cocal A+in+A Total Expenditure T A$/E :":"4: A NA/ESIS O* RESOURCE R EFUIREMENT $E S U$ .S ECTOR Re<!ireme A ocation S!' Sector nt Dono 450470: 2or Environment and )ineral 8esources 12 02=&0 !ater and /rrigation ?1 >73&0 "ousing > 22=&0 TOTA/ 6B+;B@"55 T A$/E :":":: A NA/ESIS O* RESOURCE R EFUIREMENT R ECURRENT E ?PENDITURE Re<!ireme A ocation S!' Sector nt Dono 450470: 2or Environment and 5 35=&0 )ineral 8esources ? 7>?&2 !ater and /rrigation 1 701&0 "ousing 06+4@4"4 TOTA/ T A$/E :":";: A NA/ESIS O* RESOURCE R EFUIREMENT D EVE/OPMENT E ?PENDITURE Re<!ireme A ocation S!' Sector nt Dono 450470: 2or Environment and )ineral 8esources > >=0&o !ater and /rrigation >3 ?22&5 "ousing = >23&0 TOTA/ B;+866"6 3&3&3; < EV E CV E<
CE V E C' +C E 3 9 T / E ' 6< / ' T8 / C T ' VERSUS

A //OCATION Variance

Tota

VERSUS

A //OCATION 9 Variance

Tota

VERSUS

A //OCATION 9

Tota

Variance

The sector (ill re1uire Kshs&35&2 %illion for the county& The ta%le %elo( sho(s the su% sector re1uirements at county level& T A$/E :":"@: A NA/ESIS O* RESOURCE R EFUIREMENT VERSUS A //OCATION $E D EVO/VED /EVE/S .C OUNTIES 7D ISTRICTS Re<!irem ent A ocati Variance S!' Sector 4500704 450470: on !ater and /rrigation Environment and )ineral 8esources *orestry TOTA/

3&3&2 A 9A CL ' / ' T A$/E :":"B: % A &

E * 8E ' E 3 8 CE 8 EN 3 / 8 E )E 9 T VE 8 ' 3 ' A CCE C A T / E 9 BL P 8E @ 8 A )) E ' A 9 < ' 3 B + P8 E @8 A )) E ' E CONOMIC C /ASSI*ICATION $E PRO2RAMME

S!'.Programmes 'P; 1&1 Administration and coordination Tota e>#endit!re #rogramme 0 Programme 4: Environment Management and Protection 'P 2&18esource survey and 8emote sensing& 'P 2&2;Environmental )anagement 'P 2&3;Ca,e Victoria Environmental management 'P 2&=; 9airo%i 8ivers 8eha%ilitation and E.ploration Tota e>#endit!re #rogramme 4 Programme :: Minera Reso!rces Management 'P 3&1 )ines and @eology <evelopment 'P 3&2 )ineral surveys and E.ploration&

Re<!iremen ts A ocation 450470: 450470: 220&0 @@5"5

Varianc e

27=&0 5 230&0 >00&0 =20&0 05+0B;"5

220&0 =00&0

Tota e>#endit!re #rogramme : S!'.Programmes Programme ;: Meteoro ogica Services and C imate C)ange 'P =&1; )eteorological systems )odernization 'P =&2; !eather )odification Tota E>#endit!re Programme ; Programme 0: Water Po ic( and Management 'P 1&1; !ater Policy <irection and )anagement S!'.Tota Programme 4: Water S!## ( and Se=erage Services 'P 2&1; 3r%an (ater and se(erage 'P 2&2; 8ural (ater supply 'P 2&3; !ater for informal settlements S!'.Tota Programme :: Water Reso!rces Management and Water Storage 'P 3&1; !ater 8esources )anagement 'P 3&2; !ater 'torage and *lood Control S!'.Tota Programme ;: Provision o, Irrigation and Drainage In,rastr!ct!re 'P =&1; <evelopment of /rrigation and <rainage infrastructure 'P =&2; Cand 8eclamation S!'.Tota Programme 0:Administration and s!##ort services 'P 2&1; Administration and support services 'P 2&2; Policy 8esearch and <evelopment S!'.Tota Programme 4:Ho!sing Deve o#ment and H!man

Re<!iremen ts A ocation A@5"5

Varianc e

2 700&0 ?20&0 :+A@5"5

712&?0 804"B5

2? 000 5 =>=& 3?7&00 :@+6;:

3 571&0 1> 200 45+:80

1= 27= 222 0;+@;A"55

232 =0 4B@

Re<!iremen ts A ocation Sett S!'.Programmes ement 'P1&1 "ousing <evelopment 'P1&2 Estates )anagement 'P 1&3 9ational "ousing Corporation #@rants$ S!'.Tota Tota 2rand Tota 2 ?2? 1 222 2 000 A+4;8"5 A+@4;"5 6B+;B@"5

Varianc e

3&3&> E CE 9 E ) / C C CA ' ' / * / C A T / E 9 Ta%le %elo( sho(s the resource re1uirement according to economic classification& T A$/E :":"6: R ESOURCE R EFUIREMENT $E E CONOMIC C /ASSI*ICATION . S U$ .S ECTOR Water and Irrigation s!'.sector Reso!rce A ocation E>#endit!re C assi,ication Re<!ireme nts Variance 450470: 450470: RECURRENT E?PENDITURE C!rrent E>#endit!re Compensation of employees 3se of goods and services Transfers to @ov-t Agencies& Ether 8ecurrent Ca#ita E>#endit!re Ac1uisition of non+financial assets Capital Transfers to @ov-t Agencies Ether development Total E.penditure SSSSS&& CHAPTER ; CROSS SECTOR /IN-A2ES+ EMER2IN2 ISSUES AND CHA//EN2ES

;"0

Ana (sis o, Ot)er Sector /in1ages to t)e Sector

Environmental protection (ater and housing 'ector forms a foundation for rapid and sustaina%le economic gro(th and development& There are strong lin,ages %oth #for(ard and %ac,(ard$ (ith virtually all the other sectors& Effective implementation of the sector programmes impacts positively on energy production tourism agricultural and industrial development health and sanitation security employment creation and poverty reduction& 'imilarly the sector depends on other sectors to support implementation of its programmes and pro0ects in order to meet its development goals and o%0ectives& /t is therefore important that all the others sectors recognize the importance of protecting and conserving the environment and mainstream environmental impact assessments in their pro0ects their programmes and pro0ects& Conflicts due to inade1uate access to (ater and lac, of land tenure security call for effective and efficient 0ustice and land administration systems& *or effective delivery of aspirations of the sector research and development innovations and use of appropriate technologies are critical& The ta%le %elo( illustrates the lin,ages %et(een the Environmental Protection !ater and "ousing 'ector and the other )TE* sectors&
Sector Energy and /CT /nfrastructure /in1ages Contri%uting to ensuring the protection and conservation of (ater catchment areas so that there may %e sufficient (ater for generation of hydro electricity Emphasis on Clean energy production to minimize pollution the environment Providing )odern e1uipment management information systems and appropriate communication infrastructure to the sector& Providing ade1uate (ater and se(erage services to )alili /CT par, in )a,ueni Providing guidelines for good environmental practices to ensure sustaina%ility of the pro0ects The sector policies6programmes for protection and conservation of (ater resources and environment (ill inform land use policies Agriculture and 8ural <evelopment land reforms are essential in ensuring availa%ility of land for housing development !ater harvesting and storage technologies (ill e.pand potential for increased agricultural production and livestoc, development /rrigation and land reclamation (ill increase agricultural production particularly in A'ACs /ncrease environmental a(areness to the sector to ensure sustaina%le utilization and productivity of the resources and at the same time safeguarding the environment from degradation The other sector is an /mplementer of some environmental conservation activities

Agriculture and 8ural <evelopment

@overnance Dustice Ca( and Erder#@DCEs$

@eneral Economic Commercial and la%our affairs

Education

"ealth

'ocial Protection Culture and 8ecreation

Private 'ector organizations and professional %odies

<evelopment Partners and /nternational Erganizations 9on+'tate Agencies

8educe (ater related conflicts and enhance security mainly in A'AC areas %y availing !ater for longer periods (ater harvesting storage and fair distri%ution& "ousing su%+sector leases office accommodation for pu%lic institutions and residential accommodation for constitutional office holders& The su%+sector also maintains government houses& Ire(or, @overnance Dustice Ca( and Erder #@DCEs$ ensure improved governance and provision of services in the sector Clean environment (ith minimal or no Pollution from industries The sector ensures a healthy environment as a source of goods and services for sustaina%le production and gro(th and a clean (or,ing and living environment for the la%our force Provision of ade1uate (ater and sanitation services is necessary to ,eep educational institutions running and promote hygiene in learning institution&+E'< Promotion of government policy on Education for 'ustaina%le <evelopment %y integrating environmental issues in education system and creating a(areness and putting up demonstration centres for good environmental practices Availa%ility of (ater is crucial to reduction of diseases in the health 'lum upgrading impacts positively on the health of the people A clean environment reduces incidences of diseases related to poor environmental conditions and this reduces pressure on the health sector %udget /mplementation of interventions on (aste management and sanitation as re1uired %y the environment and (ater Acts /ncreased availa%ility and access to (ater in rural areas (ill ma,e easier for girl child to attend schools and focus on learning (omen to engage in other economic activities and (ater accessi%ility to vulnera%le groups& A clean environment provides 1uality natural recreation areas (hich are at times protected under the sector Acts /ncreased colla%oration %et(een the sectors enhances conservation and preservation of cultural sites The sector colla%orates (ith the private sector in identifying needs as (ell as providing recommendations on the policy direction to enhance private pu%lic partnerships #PPPs$& Promotion of good environmental practices and innovations /nvestment in sector programmes and pro0ects The 'ector also colla%orates (ith development partners in the implementation of its programmes to supplement @overnment initiatives& They are involved in community mo%ilization planning implementation4 and monitoring and evaluation of the su%+sector programmes and activities&

Emerging iss!es and c)a enges

The ,ey emerging issues in the sector are4 Constit!tion o, -en(a 4505G after the promulgation of the constitution of Kenya 2010 it has %ecame necessary to revie( all the sector policies and legislative frame(or,s to conform to the ne( dispensation& Articles =2 and =3 of the Constitution provide that clean environment ade1uate and safe (ater and housing are social rights to the citizenry& Increased environmenta degradation4 Population increase in the country over the past have put pressure on the natural resource %ase (hich has necessitated the encroachment of forest land A'ACs areas and other fragile eco+ systems for food production and human settlement& C imate c)angeG effect of climate change and its associated e.treme (eather events threaten sustaina%le development and impacts negatively on the sector programmes and pro0ects& This calls for mainstreaming of climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies as an important planning tool for all developmental programmes& Perennia dro!g)ts and , oodingG the country e.periences cyclic flooding and droughts more than (as e.perienced in the earlier years& This has a negative effect in food production (ater supply housing livestoc, production and general livelihoods of the people& A fund to mitigate this has not %een ade1uately factored in the national %udget& /ac1 o, and ,or #!' ic =or1s deve o#mentG pu%lic (or,s li,e housing (ater infrastructure and catchments conservation is constrained inade1uate pu%lic land set aside for these developments& This is mainly due to fraudulent ac1uisition encroachment and lac, of documentation %y communities of land that can %e used for pu%lic (or,s4 this has the impact of delaying the development of these (or,s or increasing the costs of their development& 2 o'a economic t)reatsG the glo%al economic and financial crisis e.perienced since 2005 has had a ma0or negative impact on the general economic performance of the country& This is further (orsening %y recent uprising in the Ara% countries causing increased fuel prices& Emerging tec)no ogies4 the ne( technologies that have emerged can %e used in the sector management to solve challenges in (ater supply %uilding of houses and environmental conservation& C)a enges Inade<!ate #o ic( and egis ative ,rame=or1 The sector lac,s ade1uate and comprehensive policies and legislative frame(or,s for effective conservation management protection and development of the natural resources as (ell as for housing development& Policies and legislative frame(or,s that the sector re1uires %ut are lac,ing

include4 irrigation and drainage policy and la( land reclamation environment policy implementation policy of )EAs Climate change Policy Trans Boundaries 8esources )anagement policies leasing and estates management policies& Environmenta and nat!ra reso!rces 'ene,it s)aring 3tilisation of environmental and natural resources most of the times %enefit communities that are not responsi%le for their conservation and protection& This has created negative sentiments and strategies to address resource %enefit sharing need to %e developed and implemented& Sta,,ing The sector is e.periencing 'hortage of technical staff in the ,ey departments& These include mining engineers natural resource scientists and registered engineers among others& This is attri%uted to issues pertaining to non recruitment poor (or,ing environment and lac, of attractive pac,age to retain6entice 1ualified technical staff& De. in1ing o, sta,, to SA2AsG 8eforms that (ere underta,en in the (ater su% sector necessitated the transfer of implementation functions and staff to (ater %oards& These %oards (ere re1uired to a%sor% and remunerate the staff according to their terms of engagement& The separation of staff from the ministry-s payroll has not %een finalised and is affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the %oards& O d and di a#idated in,rastr!ct!re )ost of the (ater irrigation and se(erage infrastructure and government housing units are old and dilapidated due to lo( funding for maintenance& 'ome of these facilities have already outlived their lifespan redevelopment& The e.isting systems do not match the demand and their operational costs are not economical and sustaina%le& The current sectoral %udget allocations are not ade1uate for e.pansion and development of modern systems and housing units& Inade<!ate data The sector faces a serious lac, of data to guide planning and management& The cost of data collection management and dissemination re1uires large amounts of resources (hich have not %een availa%le& This has affected research planning and informed decision ma,ing resulting lo( development and adoption of appropriate technologies that can enhance early (arning systems and development of lo( and afforda%le cost housing& Un# anned sett ements and ra#id !r'anisation This strains demand on the e.isting infrastructure especially housing (ater and se(erage supplies and (aste management as (ell as leading to mash+ rooming of informal settlements (ithout %asic infrastructure compounded %y inade1uate physical planning&

CHAPTER *IVE: CONC/USION Po ic( and egis ative *rame=or1 The sector plays a critical role to(ards achievement of the country-s economic gro(th employment creation and poverty reduction& "o(ever progress in service delivery and realization of ,ey o%0ectives continue to %e undermined %y lac, of appropriate policies and legislation and unclear institutional structures and mandates& !ith the promulgation of the constitution of Kenya 2010 it has %ecome necessary to revie( and align sector policies and legislative frame(or,s (ith the ne( dispensation& 'pecifically Articles =2 and =3 of the Constitution provide that clean environment ade1uate and safe (ater and housing are social rights to the citizenry under the Bill of 8ights& 'pecifically the follo(ing pieces of legislations should %e fast trac,ed4 Building Ca(s and "ousing Bill4 Tenant and Candlord Bill4 /rrigation policy4 Cand reclamation policy and the 9ational Cand Policy& Instit!tiona Re,orms !hile appreciating continued reforms across government the pace and momentum should %e accelerated in light of emerging structural challenges that are li,ely to confront the implementation of the ne( constitutional order especially in the devolved county governments& 'pecifically some ,ey government departments such as the )eteorological <epartment should %e de+lin,ed from the mainstream civil service to a 'emi+Autonomous @overnment Agency #'A@A$ to ena%le it source for funds and enter into 0oint ventures (ith other institutions& This move (ill strengthen its resource %ase and also conform to current practice (ithin the East African community countries& /n the (ater su% sector the reforms initiatives underta,en since the enactment of the !ater Act 2002 have seen a num%er development partners 0oining the (ater sector and pledging support in the management and development of the (ater sector& This has in the past five years ena%led more Kenyans to gain access to safe drin,ing (ater apart from increasing the area under irrigation country(ide& Sector $!dgets and Processes E.penditure analysis reveals an increase in funding across the sector in the three years under revie(& *or e.ample gross a%solute e.penditure rose %y 22J mostly attri%uted to reforms and infrastructure e.pansion in the (ater su%+sector& "o(ever this report notes that certain challenges have emerged that (ill re1uire concerted focus and additional resources in order to %e tac,led effectively in the short to medium+terms& These challenges include increased environmental degradation rapid population gro(th and ur%anization aging (ater and housing infrastructure and proliferations of slums and informal settlements& )ore specifically special attention must %e

directed to(ards determination and delivery of ,ey social services li,e housing and (ater as re1uired under the %ill of rights in the constitution& The sector ta,es cognizance of the crucial role the private sector 9@Es and other sta,eholders play in supporting government efforts& "o(ever resources emanating from these sources have not %een (ell captured and 1uantified& /t is important therefore that the %udgetary process attempts to 1uantify the resources in a manner that provides a holistic analysis of total resources that are directed to(ards service delivery& The sector appreciates financial reforms that have %een initiated so far as a (ay of improving service delivery and minimize (astage and corruption& "o(ever it is no( generally agreed that the /*)/' in its current structure is not fully serving that purpose and could %e serving as a tool to deter pu%lic spending and accounta%ility& /t is therefore important that the system is re+ engineered in a manner that adds value and promotes %etter financial management and practices in the pu%lic sector& Data+ Monitoring and Eva !ation /n order to provide efficient monitoring and evaluation and ensure optimal utilization of resources the )ME frame(or, (ill re1uire urgent re+ engineering in order to inform policy responses in a timely and effective manner& /n this regard this report notes this dilemma (hich cuts across the sector and therefore advocates for urgent reforms and resources in each su%+sector to support policy research data collection and dissemination& Sta,,ing /eve s The sector is facing shortage of staff particularly in the technical departments& Part of this pro%lem is attri%uted to a freeze on recruitment (hile the other part is due to %rain drain of technical staff due to poor remuneration& *or e.ample the K)< mines and geology and irrigation departments are facing an acute shortage of technical staff& Cross sector in1ages The sector plays a ,ey role for rapid and sustaina%le economic gro(th and development& There are strong lin,ages %oth #for(ard and %ac,(ard$ (ith virtually all the other sectors& Effective implementation of the sector programmes impacts positively on all other sectors to ensure sustaina%le economic gro(th employment creation and poverty reduction& )ore specifically the sector has strong lin,ages (ith the education health+ sanitation and land su%+sectors (hose complimentary roles guarantee an informed and healthy populace and ensures delivery and facilitation of afforda%le and decent housing& Access to (ater and land remain potential areas of insecurity and social conflicts in Kenya& /t is therefore imperative that challenges facing theses t(o su%+sectors are urgently addressed through appropriate policies and legislations supported %y a fair and efficient 0ustice and land administration systems that also ensures sustaina%le land+ use and a clean environment&

#To %e finalized after full draft sector report is availed$

CHAPTER SI? A"5 Recommendations Environmental protection (ater and housing 'ector forms a foundation for rapid and sustaina%le economic gro(th and development poverty reduction and employment creation& "o(ever challenges and emerging issues affecting the performance of the sector need to %e addressed& /n vie( of this the follo(ing recommendations are proposed to improve access to good and services produced %y the sector as (ell as ensure that delivery of services is efficient and effective& 1$ All e.isting sector policies and legislative frame(or,s need to %e aligned to conform to the Constitution of Kenya 2010& 2$ The sector also lac,s ,ey policies and that are necessary for the actualization of the Bills of 8ights and for effective administration of the sector& There is therefore need to put in place ade1uate and comprehensive policies and legislative frame(or,s for effective conservation management protection and development of the natural resources as (ell as for housing development& These are irrigation and drainage policy and la( land reclamation environment policy implementation policy of )EAs Climate change Policy Ceasing and estates management policies and Trans Boundaries 8esources )anagement policies to guide in sharing of cross %order resources and %enefits since it is an area of potential conflict& 3$ There is need for increased funding for maintenance reha%ilitation replacement and e.pansion of sector infrastructure (hich is %eing over(helmed %y rapid population gro(th ur%anization and rising cost of materials& =$ There is need for enactment and enforcement of la(s regarding protection of pu%lic property including land for pu%lic (or,s development to avoid fraudulent ac1uisition and encroachment& 2$ The sector lac,s ade1uate capacity to ensure compliance and enforce the set policies la(s and regulations needed for the effective and efficient management of the sector& There is need to enhance human financial and institutional capacities through recruitment of more technical staff and additional funding for operations& >$ There is need for all sta,eholders to mainstream climate change responsive activities in their programmes and pro0ects to effectively deal (ith the threats posed %y climate change and glo%al (arming (hose effects are li,ely to %e more severe in the future& This could slo( do(n Kenya-s pro0ected economic gro(th due to dependence on

climate+sensitive sectors in terms of food security and (ater supply among others& ?$ 'ensitization colla%oration and consultation efforts on the conservation management protection and development of the environment and natural resources together (ith housing need to %e scaled+up to ensure sustaina%ility&

5$ Efforts should %e made to support mainstream and adopt the use of ne( and appropriate technologies that are emerging to solve challenges in (ater and se(erage supply %uilding of afforda%le houses and environmental conservation& 7$ There is need to strengthen the research and development capa%ilities (ithin and (ithout the sector to inform and improve service delivery and enhance access to (ater and housing& This calls for institutional capacity %uilding programs to support and strengthen the country-s research and academic institutions to ena%le them underta,e research& 10$ There is urgent need for the @overnment to improve the remuneration and (or,ing environment to ensure retention and recruitment of 1ualified technical staff in areas e.periencing shortages& 11$ There is need for other sector-s policies and legislative frame(or,s to %e revie(ed and harmonised (ith this sector-s policies& These include the Pu%lic Procurement and <isposal Act 2002 Cands Acts Cocal @overnment Act and Agriculture Act& 12$ @overnment should put in place mechanism and strategies to deal (ith e.ternal threats li,e the financial and economic crisis that have caused sharp price increases that affect the provision of afforda%le goods and services produced %y this sector& The ever rising input costs #electricity fuel steel etc$ used %y the sector to produce the goods and services cannot %e passed on to the consumers due to the e.isting regulations& 13$ *rom analysis the su% sectors report underutilization of their allocated %udgetary resources& This can partly %e e.plained %y non+ reporting of district e.penditures and development partners e.penditure returns %udgeted under appropriations+in+aid& There is therefore need for all spending units to timely prepare and su%mit e.penditure returns&