Code No: RR312106 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
AERO SPACE PROPULSION-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Air enters a compressor at a pressure of 0.12 Mpa and temperature of 268K. It

leaves the compressor at a pressure of 0.55 Mpa. The maximum temperature in
cycle is 950o C. Assume the compressor efficiency of 80% and turbine efficiency of
85%.a pressure drop of 0.15Kpa takes place in the combustion chamber. Determine
the compressor work, turbine work and cycle efficiency. [16]

2. A turbo-prop driven airplane is flying at 600 Km / h at an altitude where the ambi-

ent conditions are 0.455 bar and -10oC. The compressor pressure ratio is 9.5 :1 and
the turbine inlet temperature is 1250 K. The isentropic efficiencies of compressor
and turbine are 0.85 and 0.90 respectively. Assuming that no thrust is generated
by the jet exhaust from the engine; calculate the specific power input available to
the propeller. [16]

3. Consider Ear type air intakes for a subsonic airplane as that for Gnat / Ajit fighter
plane. Show the internal layout for the swallowed air to reach the engine. Explain
its aerodynamics and thermodynamics in details when the airplane climbs in its
flight at higher angles. [16]

4. Consider a conical spike type supersonic air inlet with fixed geometry for optimum
performance at one Mach number. Describe its aerodynamics and thermodynamics
at the design Mach number. What happens when the operating mach number is
higher than the design Mach number at a small angle of yaw β = 2o ? [16]

5. Enumerate the various factors affecting the performance of a combustion chamber.

How ‘combustion efficiency’ and ‘combustion intensity’ affect the performance?[16]

6. A gas is isentropically expanded from p = 10 bar and T = 5250 C in a nozzle to a

pressure of 7.6 bar. If the rate of flow of gas is 1.5kg/s, determine:

(a) pressure, temperature and velocity at nozzle throat and exit.

(b) Maximum possible velocity attainable by the gas.
(c) The type of the nozzle and its throat area. [16]

7. The following data refers to the eye of a single-sided impeller:

Inner radius = 6.5cm Mass flow = 8kg/s
Outer radius = 15cm Speed = 270rev/s
Ambient conditions = 1.0bar, 288K
Assuming no pre-whirl and no losses in the intake duct, calculate the blade inlet
angle at the root and tip of the eye and Mach number at the tip of the eye. [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 1
8. Explain the three-dimensional flow in axial flow compressor and derive the free
vortex condition. What does free vortex condition signify? [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
AERO SPACE PROPULSION-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Explain how the ideal gas turbine engine cycle differs from the thermodynamic cycle
of an actual gas turbine engine. Can you work out the efficiency of this engine?
Show the variation of pressure , temperature and axial velocity across the engine.
[16]

2. A turbo-prop driven airplane is flying at 650 Km / h at an altitude where the am-

bient conditions are 0.458 bar and -10o C. The compressor pressure ratio is 9:1 and
the turbine inlet temperature is 1200 K. The isentropic efficiencies of compressor
and turbine are 0.85 and 0.90 respectively. Assuming that no thrust is generated
by the jet exhaust from the engine; calculate the specific power input available to
the propeller. [16]

3. Consider a front air intake for a subsonic turbojet airplane as that for He-178 or
F-86 Saber jet. Show the internal layout for the air to be swallowed by the engine.
Explain its aerodynamics and thermodynamics in details when the airplane is in
its flight at a velocity lesser than cruising. [16]

4. Consider a conical spike type supersonic air inlet with fixed geometry for optimum
performance at one Mach number. Describe its aerodynamics and thermodynamics
at the design Mach number and at zero angle of attack. [16]

5. What are the basic requirements of a fuel injection system? Explain the working
of a typical fuel injection system of a turbine engine with the help of a sketch. [16]

6. Air flows through an isentropic nozzle with inlet conditions of Tt = 20000 R and Pt
= 100 psia. The throat area is 2 ft2 and the exit area is 10.32 ft2 . If the flow is
choked at the throat, find

(a) Mass flow rate through the nozzle.

(b) Mach number, static temperature and static pressure at exit without a shock.
(c) Mach number, static temperature and static pressure at exit with a shock in
the divergent section where the flow area is 4.06 ft2 . [16]

7. A single-sided centrifugal compressor has to be designed with the following given

data:
Power input factor = 1.04
Slip factor = 0.9
Rotational speed = 290rev/s
Overall diameter of impeller = 0.5m

1 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 2
Eye tip diameter = 0.3m
Eye root diameter = 0.15m
Inlet stagnation temperature = 295K
Inlet stagnation pressure = 1.1bar
Air mass flow = 9kg/s
Isentropic efficiency = 0.78

(a) Determine the pressure ratio of the compressor and the power required to
drive it assuming that the air at inlet is axial.
(b) Calculate the inlet angle of the impeller vane at the root and tip radii of the
eye assuming that the axial inlet velocity is constant across the eye annulus.
[16]

8. Explain the following with respect to axial flow compressors:

(a) Annulus drag

(b) Secondary losses
(c) Symmetrical blading
(d) Stalling of blades [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
AERO SPACE PROPULSION-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Air enters a compressor at a pressure of 0.1 Mpa and temperature of 248K. It leaves
the compressor at a pressure of 0.65 Mpa. The maximum temperature in cycle is
900oC. Assume the compressor efficiency of 80% and turbine efficiency of 85%.a
pressure drop of 0.15Kpa takes place in the combustion chamber. Determine the
compressor work, turbine work and cycle efficiency. [16]

2. A turbo-prop driven airplane is flying at 650 Km / h at an altitude where the ambi-

ent conditions are 0.458 bar and -15oC. The compressor pressure ratio is 9.5 :1 and
the turbine inlet temperature is 1250 K. The isentropic efficiencies of compressor
and turbine are 0.85 and 0.90 respectively. Assuming that no thrust is generated
by the jet exhaust from the engine; calculate the specific power input available to
the propeller. [16]

3. Consider a front air intake for a subsonic turbojet airplane as that for He-178 or
F-86 Saber jet. Show the internal layout for the air to be swallowed by the engine.
Explain its aerodynamics and thermodynamics in details when the airplane is in
its cruising flight. [16]

4. Illustrate with sketches and diagrams, various types of supersonic air inlets em-
ployed by aircraft industry. Explain salient features and aerodynamic performance
of each of these. [16]

5. Explain the importance of following terms in deciding the performance of a com-

bustion chamber:

(a) Combustion Efficiency

(b) Pressure Loss
(c) Combustion Intensity
(d) Stability Limits [16]

6. The pressure velocity and temperature of air (γ = 1.4, Cp = 1.0kJ/kg.K) at the

entry of a nozzle are 2 bar, 145 m/s and 330K respectively. The exit pressure is
1.5 bar.

(a) What is shape of the nozzle

(b) Determine for isentropic flow:
i. Mach number at entry and exit.
ii. The flow rate and maximum possible flow rate. [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 3
7. A 0.4m diameter rotor of a centrifugal compressor for air is needed to produce
a pressure ratio of 3.8. Assuming a polytropic efficiency of 0.85, determine the
angular speed, total temperature rise and adiabatic efficiency. Also determine the
input power for a mass flow rate of 2kg/s at 1atm and 288.2K. Assume a slip factor
of 0.9. [16]

8. Write notes on the following with respect to axial flow compressors:

(a) Three-dimensional blade losses

(b) Compressor stall and surge. [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
AERO SPACE PROPULSION-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Air enters a compressor at a pressure of 0.1 Mpa and temperature of 248K. It leaves
the compressor at a pressure of 0.5 Mpa. The maximum temperature in cycle is
900oC. Assume the compressor efficiency of 80% and turbine efficiency of 85% .a
pressure drop of 0.15Kpa takes place in the combustion chamber. Determine the
compressor work, turbine work and cycle efficiency. [16]

2. A turbo-prop driven airplane is flying at 635 Km / h at an altitude where the

ambient conditions are 0.5 bar and -8oC. The compressor pressure ratio is 9.5 :1 and
the turbine inlet temperature is 1250 K. The isentropic efficiencies of compressor
and turbine are 0.85 and 0.90 respectively. Assuming that no thrust is generated
by the jet exhaust from the engine; calculate the specific power input available to
the propeller. [16]

3. Consider Ear type air intakes for a subsonic airplane as that for Gnat / Ajit fighter
plane. Show the internal layout for the swallowed air to reach the engine. Explain
its aerodynamics and thermodynamics in details when the airplane takes a turn of
about 5 in its yaw plane. [16]

4. How does a supersonic air intake differ from a subsonic air intake in its appear-
ance and performance? Explain with sketches / diagrams their aerodynamics and
thermodynamics. [16]

5. The overall pressure loss factor of a combustion chamber may be assumed to vary
with the temperature ratio according to the law
∆p0
m2 /2ρ1 A2
= K1 + K2 [(T02 /T01 ) − 1]
m

For a particular chamber having an inlet area of 0.0389m2 and a maximum cross-
sectional area Am of 0.0975m2, cold loss tests show that K1 has the value of 19.
When tested under design conditions, the following readings were obtained:
Air mass flow, m = 9.0kg/s
Inlet stagnation temperature, T01 = 475K
Outlet stagnation temperature, T02 = 1023K
Inlet static pressure, p1 = 4.47 bar
Stagnation pressure loss = 0.27 bar
Estimate the pressure loss at a part load condition for which m is 7.4kg/s, T01 is
439K, T02 is 900K and p1 is 3.52 bar.
Also for these two operating conditions, compare the values of the velocity at inlet
to the chamber and comment on the result. [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR312106 Set No. 4
6. A Froen-turbine has to use a maximum flow rate of 5kg/s of froen employing a ring
of convergent nozzle of total exit area of cross-section of 100cm2 . The pressure in
the nozzle entry is 2x105 N/m2 . Take Cp = 0.845kJ/kg.K and γ =1.2. Stating the
assumptions made, calculate:

(a) stagnation temperature.

(b) Static temperature and pressure at the nozzle exit.
(c) Mach number at the nozzle exit. [16]

7. A single-sided straight vaned centrifugal compressor is required to deliver 10kg/s of

air with a total pressure ratio of 4:1 when operating at a speed of 16500rpm. The
air inlet pressure and temperature are 1.013bar and 300K respectively. Calculate:

(a) Tip speed of the impeller.

(b) Actual rise in stagnation temperature.
(c) Tip diameter.
(d) Inlet eye annulus area.
(e) Theoretical power required to drive the compressor. The air enters the eye
axially with a velocity of 150m/s. [16]

8. An axial flow compressor takes in 1000 m3 /min of free air at 0.7kgf/cm2 and
50 C.The blades are of airfoil type having chord area and blade length of 19.25cm2
and 6.75cm respectively. Blade ring mean diameter is 60cm and rotational speed
is 6000rpm. On each blade ring there are 50 blades and the blades occupy 10 % of
the axial area of the flow. The values of CL and CD are 0.6 and 0.05 respectively
at zero angle of incidence. Assuming isentropic compression, calculate the pressure
rise per blade ring and the theoretical horsepower per stage. Assume axial inlet.
[16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2