BYZANTINE EMPIRE

Survived for next 1000 years

In Fact

There was no Byzantine at the time

The

city Byzantine was called Constantinople People called themselves Romans

City Constantinople

Modern day Istanbul, biggest city of Turkey Location:

Strait control water trade with two sea, Black Sea and Aegean Sea. Trade allow Byzantine to be rich (Silk Road, fur from Russia, etc.)
Bosporus

Defense

Moat surrounded three thick wall, three side of water, etc. Easier defense than Rome Strong wall Heavy chain in harbor Greek Fire
Chemical

mixed, still available in water!

High Point

Justinian
Goal:

retrieve the land that Rome had owned Failed, but got some lands back

Justinian - 1

Son of peasant farmer

Uncle

rebels, succeed, become emperor Justinian was the successor

Married with daughter of low class, Theodora

Justinian - 2

Worked for 30 years Empire was biggest then

Wars

caused economic problems Next 500 years, gradually, lost lands

Invasion

German started taking land Slavic entered Arab Muslim invade Syria, Egypt, North Africa Turk took many part of Turkey Byzantine still kept Constantinople & greece At last, Byzantine like city state

Failing Defense

Crusaders from west Last attack, Turkish Ottoman

Break

wall with cannons 1453, Byzantine vanished

Eastern Orthodox

Byzantine believed in Eastern Orthodox

A

branch of Christianity Emperor was the highest

Architecture & Literature

Hagia Sophia
Model

of many buildings Orthodox Church Mosque Museum (today) Librarians & Monks copied book Homers Iliad & Odyssey was saved!

Justinians Code

Roman laws were stuffed!

Justinian

used the ones that were good Unified laws

Published: A.D. 529 If not Justinian, Roman laws would have been unknown Non-Christians were treated badly Emperor had all power

Cyrillic Alphabet

Cyril a Methodius brothers Made language for Russian and Bulgarian Missionaries of Eastern Orthodox

Early Russia I

Large group that become Russia 7 Ukraine Kievan Rus

People

of Kiev based on it, Rus (Vikings) found

it Join Slavs Converts to Eastern Orthodox

Trade brings contact

Early Russia II

Cultural Diffusion
Eastern

Orthodox Onion domes, icons

Russian Empire rise after Byzantine Empires fall

They,
Took

themselves, consider as third Rome

part of the culture and legacy of Byzantine and Rome