Comments

This worksheet does not represent official EPA guidance.

1. Enter the mole fractions from ASTM 1945 into the ASTM.1945 sheet.
2. Print the report. The report has values that are required by CFR Parts 86 and 600 guidance.
Send comments to courtois.william@epamail.epa.gov.

Page 1

NG Fuel Property Derivation

Intermediate Calculations

Processed: 12/14/13 19:30

THC Hydrogen
(Mole % HCi)(H atoms per HCi) =

4.0438
x - HC Hydrogen
THC Carbon
(Mole % HCi)(C atoms per HCi) =

1.0655
y - HC Carbon
THC H/C Ratio
H/C THC = THC Hydrogen / THC Carbon
3.795213515
D hc
D hc = 1.1771 X (12.011 + H/C thc X 1.008)
18.641 = 1.1771 X (12.011 + 3.795 X 1.008)
NMHC Hydrogen
(Mole % NMHCi)(H atoms per NMHCi) =

0.4838
All non-Methane Hydrocarbons
NMHC Carbon
(Mole % NMHCi)(C atoms per NMHCi) =

0.1755
All non-Methane Hydrocarbons
NMHC H/C Ratio
H/C NMHC = NMHC Hydrogen / NMHC Carbon = 2.756695157
D nmhc
D nmhc = 1.1771 X (12.011 + H/C nmhc X 1.008) =17.409 = 1.1771 X (12.011 + 2.757 X 1.008)
CWF nmhc
CWF nmhc = 12.011 / (12.011 + H/C nmhc X 1.008)
0.812
= = 12.011 X (12.011 + 2.757 X 1.008)
Grams C per gram mole of
(NG
Mole % Xi)(C atoms per Xi)(MW C) =
13.1580505 Total Carbon Weight
NG gram mole weight
(Mole % Xi)(MW Xi) =

18.4742809 Total Fuel Weight

CWF ng
g C/ g NG fuel =
0.712236139
HC gr of C per gr mole of NG
(Mole % HCi)(C atoms per HCi)(MW C) =

12.7977205 Total HC Carbon Weight

NG gram mole weight
(Mole % Xi)(MW Xi) =

18.4742809 Total Fuel Weight

CWF hc/ng
CWF hc/ng =
0.692731726
Grams CO2 per gr mole of NG
(Mole % CO2)(MW CO2)
1.32027
CO2 Weight
NG gram mole weight
(Mole % Xi)(MW Xi) =

18.4742809 Total Fuel Weight

WF co2
0.071465299
Specific Gravity
per ASTM D-3588
0.637866827
D ng grams / cu ft
D ng grams/cu ft = Sp Grav X 28.316847 X 1.204721.760 = 0.638 X 28.316847 X 1.2047
D ng lbs / 100 cu ft
D ng lbs/100 cu ft = 100 X D ng gr per cu ft / 453.64.798 = 100 X 21.760 /453.6
NHV B.t.u./cu ft
per ASTM D-3588
946.51965
@ 60F and 1 atm
NHV B.t.u./pound
NHV = 453.6 X Sp Grav / (NHV X 28.316847X1.2047)
19730.9892
@ 68F and 1 atm
NG Fuel Property Derivation Report
Part 1 - ASTM Fuel Analysis
Mole Fractions from ASTM D-1945 @ 60F & 1 atm
Natural Gas
Constituents

Chemical
Formula

Processed: 12/14/13 19:30

ASTM D-3588

Mole
Fraction

Specific
Gravity

Net Heat Val

B.t.u./cu. ft.

ASTM D-1945
Data Source

0.63786683

946.51965

name the source of data

Methane

CH4

0.8900000

Ethane
Propane
I-Butane
N-Butane
I-Pentane
N-Pentane
Hexanes
Heptanes
Octanes
Nonanes
Hydrogen
Helium
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide

C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
C4H10
C5H12
C5H12
C6H14
C7H16
C8H18
C9H20
H2
He2
N2
O2
CO2

0.0450000
0.0100000
0.0025000
0.0025000
0.0025000
0.0025000
0.0003500
0.0003500
0.0003500
0.0003500
0.0000000
0.0000000
0.0100000
0.0000000
0.0300000

Cylinder: description
description
description
description
86.113-94 (e) Natural gas fuel. (1) Natural gas fuel having the following specifications
will be used for exhaust testing of natural gas-fueled vehicles.
Methane
min, mole pct.
89.0
Pass
Ethane
max. mole pct.
4.5
Fail
C3, and higher
max. mole pct.
2.3
Pass
C6, and higher
max. mole pct.
0.2
Fail
Oxygen
max. mole pct.
0.6
Pass
Inert gases: Sum of CO2 and max.
N2. mole pct.
4.0
Fail
Odorant

Part 2 - NG Test Processor Input

Natural Gas
Properties

THC
NMHC
H/C Ratio
H/C Ratio
CWF ng
CWF hc/ng
3.795
2.757
0.712
0.693
* The above data are to be entered onto the NG Vehicle Test Analysis Input Data Sheet
** Net (Lower) Heating Value is at 68F and 760 mm Hg

WF
CO2
0.071

Net HV
B.t.u./lb
19731

D nmhc
gr/cu ft
17.409

CWF nmhc
0.812

ASTM D-3588
Spec Grav
0.638

Part 3 - NG Test Processor Calculations

Natural Gas
Properties

Natural Gas
Properties

THC
H/C Ratio
3.795

D hc
grams/cu ft
18.641

NMHC
H/C Ratio
2.757

Specific
D ng
D ng
Net HV
CWF ng
CWF hc/ng
WF co2
Gravity
grams/cu ft
lbs/100 cuft
B.t.u./lb
0.712
0.693
0.071
0.638
21.764
4.798
19731
Send comments to courtois.william@epamail.epa.gov
Derivation
of NaturalGuidance.
Gas Fuel Properties
from ASTM D-1945 Input
Send comments to courtois.william@epamail.epa.gov
This is not official
EPA Certification
US-EPA-OAR-OMS-TSD-WMC

195801807.xls.ms_office
ASTM D-3588 Example of calculation of gas Properties for Dry Gas and Dry Air at 60F and 14.696 psia
CompoIdeal Gross
Ideal Net Ideal
Ideal GrossIdeal Net Ideal
sition
Heating Heating Relative Ideal SummHeating Heating Relative
Mole HydrogenValue HidValue hidDensityDensity ation
Value
Value Density
Compound
Fraction Atoms
v
v
did
pid Factor
Fraction Fraction Fraction
xi
b
Btu/cu ft Btu/cu ft did lb/cu ftsqrt(beta) xi X b xi X Hid v xi X hid v xi X didi
Methane
89.0000%
4
1010
909.4 0.554 0.04 0.012 3.56
898.9 809.366 0.49299
Ethane
4.5000%
8
1769.7 1618.7 1.038 0.08 0.024 0.36 79.6365 72.8415 0.04672
Propane
1.0000%
8
2516.1 2314.9 1.523 0.12 0.034 0.08
25.161 23.149 0.01523
Isobutane
0.2500%
10
3251.9 3000.4 2.007 0.15 0.046 0.025 8.12975 7.501 0.00502
Butane
0.2500%
10
3262.3 3010.8 2.007 0.15 0.048 0.025 8.15575 7.527 0.00502
iso-Pentane
0.2500%
12
4000.9 3699 2.491 0.19 0.058 0.03 10.0023 9.2475 0.00623
Pentane
0.2500%
12
4008.9 3703.9 2.491 0.19 0.063 0.03 10.0223 9.25975 0.00623
Hexane
0.0350%
14
4755.9 4403.9 2.976 0.23 0.08 0.005 1.66457 1.54137 0.00104
Heptane
0.0350%
16
5502.5 5100.3 3.46 0.26 0.094 0.006 1.92588 1.78511 0.00121
Octane
0.0350%
18
6248.9 5796.2 3.944 0.3 0.114 0.006 2.18712 2.02867 0.00138
Nonane
0.0350%
20
6996.5 6493.6 4.428 0.34 0.133 0.007 2.44878 2.27276 0.00155
Hydrogen
0.0000% 2.016 324.49 274.14 0.016 0.03
0
0
0
0
0
Helium
0.0000%
0
0
0
0.138 0.01
0
0
0
0
0
Nitrogen
1.0000%
0
0
0
0.967 0.07 0.004
0
0
0
0.00967
Oxygen
0.0000%
Carbon Dioxide
3.0000%
0
0
0
1.52 0.12 0.02
0
0
0
0.04559
99.6400%

4.134 1048.23

946.52

Ideal
Density
Fraction
xi X pi
0.03762
0.00357
0.00116
0.00038
0.00038
0.00048
0.00048
7.9E-05
9.2E-05
0.00011
0.00012
0
0
0.00074

Summation
Fator
xi X sqrt(beta)
0.010324
0.0010755
0.000344
0.0001145
0.0001195
0.00014525
0.00015775
0.00002807
0.00003304
3.9795E-05
4.6585E-05
0
0
0.000044

0.00348

0.000591

0.63787 0.04868 0.01306299

1050.87 948.899 0.63924

Ideal relative density, did = 0.6379
Ideal gas density, pid = 0.0487
0.63787 Ideal Realative Density
Compressibility factor, Z = 1 - (0.01306)^2 X (14.696) = 0.9975
0.63924 Real Realative Density
Compressibility factor, air = 1 - (0.0050)^2 X (14.696) = 0.9996
Real gas density, p = 0.0487 / 0.9975 = 0.0488 lb/cu ft
Real relative density, d = 0.6379 X 0.9996 / 0.9975 = 0.6392
Ideal gross heating value, Hid v = 1048.2 Btu/(ideal) cu ft
Ideal net heating value, hid v = 946.5 Btu/(ideal) cu ft
Hid v / z = 1050.9 Btu/(real) cu ft @60F & 1atm
hid v / z = 948.9 Btu/(real) cu ft @60F & 1atm
Hid v / z = 1034.4 Btu/(real) cu ft @68F & 1atm
hid v / z = 934.1 Btu/(real) cu ft @68F & 1atm
Ideal heating value per cubic foot of the mixture as a real gas at 14.696 psia and 60F. Division of Hid v and hid v does not produce a real gas
heating value but only allows the calculation of the ideal energy released as heat of cumbustion using the real gas volumetric flow rate.
The heating value is accurate only to 1 in 1000. The extra digit is carried to alleviate round off error.

Attachment D - Natural Gas Fuel Properties Determination