GREY FABRIC MANUFACTURING (OM GROUP)

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Polyester Yarn

Winding Machine TFO MACHINE

Boiler (For steam)

BOBBIN MACHINE
POWER LOOMS

Morphing Machine
GREY FABRIC CALLED AS RANIAL

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF GREY FABRIC:

Step 1: Firstly, A polyester yarn named as 80/72 seminal rotto of 0 base is placed in cop. Step 2: After that, that coils are placed in a winding machine. Winding is the process of transferring yarn or thread from one type of package to another to facilitate subsequent processing. The re-handling of yarn is an integral part of the fiber and textile industries. Not only must the package and the yarn itself be suitable for processing on the next machine in the production process, winding successive cop of yarn are laid close together in a parallel or near parallel manner. By this process it is possible to produce very dense package with maximum amount of yarn stored in a given volume. Step 3: The cop are then placed in TFO (two for one twister) Machine. Speedy setting of spindle revolution rate and number of twisters is its feature. Warp is the base of the fabric, which is first made by tuning the desired count of reed and then spinning the thread. Because the warp is held under high tension during the entire process of weaving therefore warp yarn must be strong. The filling yarns (weft) experience less strain during the weaving process. Their preparation includes spinning them to the required size and giving them just the right amount of twist desired for the kind of fabric they will be used. The

process of twisting is an indispensable means of improving certain yarn properties and satisfying textile requirements that cannot be fulfilled by the single yarns. The method of twisting two or more single yarns is called doubling or folding. Here twists are given for approx 1700 to 1800 times. Step 4: After the yarn is twisted in TFO machine, it is kept in a boiler for approx 1 hr so that it can be easily be used in other machines. Step 5:After the yarn is taken out from the boiler, half of yarn is send in bobbin machine and half in morphing machine and half in the morphing machine. The yarn is twisted through the spinning of the bobbin as the carriage moves out, and is rolled onto a cop as the carriage returns. With the help of power looms, for approx 40 minutes rolling in machines grey is manufactured. The grey cloth manufactured by the firm is 80% used for sarees and 20% for suits.

TYPE OF PRODUCTION SYSTEMTextile business is a continuous-type production system. Here entire plant / factory works as one integrated machines. Different processes can be

done on cloth and then final finished goods are sent to the market. Here, the inputs and outputs are standardized along with the production process and sequence.

List of materials used in production:

1) Polyester yarn or thread. 2) Boiler 3) Cop. APPLICATION OF MATERIALS: 1) Polyester yarn or thread:- Polyester yarn is the most vital material for grey fabric. Without polyester yarn, it is not possible to manufacture grey fabric. As the manufacturing process is impossible to carry without yarn, it falls under vital category of material. 2) Boiler:- After twisting the yarn for 1700 to 1800 times in TFO ( two for one twister )machine, it is kept

in boiler for 1 hr so that further use of yarn on bobbin machine becomes easy. 3)cop:- A conical or cylindrical roll of thread wound onto a spindle is called cop. they are also one of the material required for grey fabric manufacturing. Location of the firm:- udhna magdalla road. Sales office:12/A Upper Ground, New Crow Plaza Nr. Kohinoor Market, Pipardisheri, Salabatpura, SURAT.

Various factors affecting decisions of plant size location selection1) Proximity to market 2) Political factor

3) Proximity to raw material source. 4) Cost of land and real estate 5) Mind set of local society 6) Sociological factors 7) Infrastructure 8) Technological factors

How these factors affecting the location decision and evaluation of current business location

1) Proximity to marketNearness to the market is very important factor affecting the plant size location. This firm is near in Surat. It is in udhna, so transportation is easy and fast. This factor is in favour of the location and so the decision is quite good. Currently this mill is regularly delivering the cloth to the market with ease. 2) Political factorUneven political conditions, deteriorating law and order situation and instability in gas and electricity prices are adversely affecting the textile sector. In this situation , this

mill is trying to cope up with political factor. The export is mostly in Surat. 3) Proximity to raw material sourceSurat is a strong base for synthetic fibres and provides a big market. Raw material is easily available in plenty.So there is a ease of raw material availability. 4) Cost of land and real estateHigh real estate costs making business unavailable .so this location is best as not in city area so the cost of this area is pretty less compared to Surat. 5) Mind set of societySocietys ability to adapt to changes and latest trends in these areas is in favour to the textile sectors. So the location is profitable for the owner. 6) Sociological factorsA lot of noise pollution is caused due to technologies or machines used for manufacturing grey. In that context the location is ideal, as it is far from city area. 7) InfrastructureAssistance is provided for infrastructural development for the development of textile industries. Transportation is easily possible in this area. Electricity is also not issue

here. Currently the firm is getting all possible facilities required in optimum quantity. 8) Technological factors The technology has been improved and updated in the textile industry of India and some of the companies in textile industry area acquiring these technologies. By using new technology not only they improve their quality and efficiency but also improve their production as well as reducing the cost of production. Currently as the electric supply and transportation facilities are good enough so usage of these new machines is possible in this location.