TATTVOPAPLAV ASIMHA

OF
-1
JAYARASI BHATTA
Edited with .an introduction and indices
by
PANDIT SUKHLALJI SANGHAVI
AND
PROF. RASIKLAL C. PARIKH, B. A. (Hons.)
BARODA
Oriental Institute
'lOAn
TATTVOP APLA V ASIMHA
OF
_,
JAYARASI BHATTA
. .
Edited with an introduction and indices .
by
PANDIT SUKHLALJI SANGHAVI
AND
PROF. RASIKLAL C. PARIKH, B. A. (Hons.)
BA.RODA.
Oriental Institute
1940
Printed at the Government Press, Baroda and published on
behalf of the Government of His Highness the Maharaja
Gaekwad of Baroda ~ Benoytosb Bhattacharyya
at the Oriental Institute, Baroda.
Price Rs. 4-0-0.
A
A.
PREFACE
The palm-leaf manuscript on which the present edition of
Tattvopaplavasimha is based was first discovered by Pandit
Sukhlalji and Pandit Bechardas Dosi in the year 1926 in a
MSS library at Patan known as Sanghavina Padano Bhand:ir,
when they were searching for the !\1SS of Sanmatitarka and
its commentary Tattvabodhavidhayini. A short note on this
work was published by Prof. Rasiklal C. Parikh the then editor
of the Puratattva Quarterly in Vol. IV Nos. 1-2 p. 155 and the
work was proposed for publication in the Puratattvamandir
Series. Owing to various adverse circumstances, however, TPS.
could not be undertaken for that St:Jries. It gives us, therefore,
great pleasure that after so many years it has become possible
to publish the same in the G. 0. S. for which our heartfelt
thanks are due to that great patron of learning H. H. the
Maharaja Gaekwar of Baroda and the learned editor of the
series Dr. B. Bhattacharyya.
Our thanks are also due to Dr. A. B. Dhruva for some
valuable suggestions, to Muni Punyavijayji through whom
we were able to procure the palm-leaf manuscript of
TPS, to Sri Jinavijayji who helped us in deciphering many
obscure letters in the ms, to Pandit Dalsukh Malvaniya and
Pandit Keshavram Sb.astri for helping in proof-reading, to
Pandit Mahendra Kumara Nyayacharya for helping in tracing
quotations and to Srimati Hirakumari in preparing indexes.
A.
INTRODUCTION
Importance of the TPS.
As far as our knowledge goes the Tattvopaplavasimha is a
unique work of its kind. The school of Charvaka otherwise
known as the Lokayata Darsana was long known to the students
of Indian Philosophy as a Purvlpak?a in almost all the systems,
and also from such works as the
of Haribhadra Suri (about 700-770 A. D.) and the Sarvadar-
sana Sangraha of Madhavacharya (about 14th century
A. D.) No work, however, belonging to the Lokayata school
itself was known. The TPS fills at least partially that gap
in our knowledge 1, As we shall see later on, the TPS goes
a step further and carries to its logical end the sceptical
tendency of the Charvaka school as it is known to us from
this work itself and other sources and ends in 'tattvopaplava'
or 'upsetting of all principles.'
Description of tlze Ms.
This palm-leaf ms, which as noted in the Preface, belongs
to the Sanghavina padano Bhanqar, is noticed in A Descriptive
Catalogue of MSS in the Jaina Bhandars at Pattan Vol. I. p.
165, G. 0. S. No. LXXVI, published in 1937. It . consists
of 176leaves. Its length is 14'' and breadth 1!". A few lines
in the beginning and a few in the body of the work are
illegible.
It becomes clear from the colophon that the ms was
copied in Samvat 1349 Marg. Vadi 11 Sanau (6th December
1292 A. D.) at Dholka by Maham Narapala. At the time Saranga-
deva (A. D. 1274-95) of the House of the Vaghehis was reigning.
Dholka had been a second capita! of Gujarat for more than
half a century from the time of Viradhavala (A. D. 1233-38)
and it appears from the colophons of a great number of mss
that it had developed into a centre of learning also.
The ms begins- ......... 5" ...... 1 ........
;roqr, ......... ru 1
ij m. I .. I .......... =if etc.
1 See further pp, xi-xii.
ii
It ends- I Pc!
ll & 11 'I 'I rwiT
1 n
The Presmt Editiou
The sine1le palm-leaf ms on which the present text is
based preserrts on the whole an accurate version of the work.
At some places, however, the writing is blurred and those
places are indicated in the footnotes as or at other
places the trend of the .meaning required emendations in
readings, these have been indicated in the footnotes as
or qR;o, \Vhen in the body of the text we have
supplied some readings \Ve have put the same in
brackets, e. g. on the first page [Q]'i:oft etc.
The paragraphs in the text are, of course, made by us.
\Vc have also supplied the headings of different sections in
rectangular brackets, e. g. p. 2 ['1
This, we hope, will greatly facilitate the study of the
work. The passages that seemed to be quotations have been
indicated by" a and wherever possible we have given the
names of original works in [ ], e. g. page 3. [ "1. '1. '-\ ].
The proper names have been underlined.
At the end of the text we have provided three or
appendices. The first gives the index of important philosophi
cal terms; the second that of the proper names and the third
that of quotations.
All this, it is hoped, will enable the scholars to utilize
this important work for further researches in the subject. .
Comparative u11jamiliarity of tlze TPS.
Before we attempt to discover the date of the TPS we
propose to consider its comparative unfamiliarity and the
type of thought it represents. Verses attributed to Charvaka
and the name of Brhaspati as the founder of the Lokayata
school more familiarly known as the Charvaka Darsana
are known to us from such works as the Sastravarta
Samuchchaya and the Saqdarsana Samuchchaya of Haribhadra
Stiri (700-70 A. D.), the Sarvada!Sana Sangraha of Madhava
charya (14cen. A. D.) and such other works as the Sarvamata
SaiJ.graha. As every student of Sari1skrta systems of philoso-
phy kno\Vs Charvaka or Lokayata is referred to in many of
the major works on the subject.a This scho?l of thought
2. See: Lokiyata by Mahamahopadhyaya H. P. S'astrt, Dacca Univer-
sity Bulletins, No. 1.
iii
supposed to be founded by Brhaspati who is also supposed
to be the founder of the Science of Polity3 seems to
h:we developed at least in two branches, as becomes clear
from the reference to ifs<:r in the Syadv.idalatika of
Yasovijaya4 (1608-8-J. A. D.)S a commentary on the SVS of
and the commentary of Sarikara on Khandanakha-
J}.qakhadya (about 14-50 A. D.)G are here
only with the reference of Sankara.
sd Haqa in the KKK refers to Charvakas, 1\Iadhya
mikas_ and Sarikani:charya as those who do not accept any
PramaJ}.as. He says:-
1
Slt!T;rlct +tlffirr
0I'lif<:f!iirf<r amfVr ;:r , +r:rmttn , <If
a5rg rrr+rrll{ 1 pp. 25-27 css No. 445.
Now all the different commentators who seem to be fami-
liar only with that branch of Charvakas which recognizes the
validity of and the existence of four elements are
at great pains to explain this passage by saying that because
Charvakas do not recognize the validity of Anuman:t and as
PramaJ}.ya can only be proved through Anumana only they are
said to recognize no PramaQ.a. But surely this explanation is
far-fetched. Only Sai)kara after giving the above explanation
gives the other explanation !fi '<lleff'fi: I
7
According to
him this particular division of Charvakas do not recognize any
PramaiJas. This, as far as we know, can apply either only to
TPS or a similar work, which does away with each and
every Prama:J;la known to Indian Schools of Philosophy.
It is also very likely that sd has also TP or a
similar work in mind when he refers to Charvaka not re-
cognizing any PramiQ.a; for it is_ not possible that such an
accurate and learned Pandit as Sri would not distin-
guish between Charvakas who recognized and others
who did not. If this assumption is correct, as there is reason
to believe, we may say that tattvopaplava vada was familiar to
3. See: Scherbatsky: Buddhist Logic, p. 15 fn. 5
+. etsr ifO<:!CUful'lif: etc. p. 30. Seth Devacha.nd La.lbha.i Series,
S. H. I. L. p. 217
6. H. I. L. p. 458
7. See: p. 26
1
CSS. No, 445,
z
iv
Sri and looking to the of the argument of bot_h
the works may \\'C suggest that Jayara:h (or some one else of h1s
school of thought) might have inspired that grand dialectical
work, viz. KhaJ;J.qanakhaJ:.lqa-khadya, though recogp.izing
same time that their aims are altogether different ? Sri tnes
to show the of Brahma while Jayarasi shows invalidity
of Pramanas and the consequent invalidity of everything. The
difference" may be explained by the fact that Jayarasi does
not go beyond the plane of W!Tilfs-Reason-while Sri Harli!a -
the Advaita Vedantin that he is, accepts the possibility of know ..
ing Brahma - the ultimate reality - through means other than
Tarka. However that may be, we can safely say that the type
of thought represented by the TPS was not so unfamiliar to
the old satants as it at first sight may appear; and as will be seen
from what follows, Jain dialecticians both Digambara and
Svetambara quite familiar with the TPS.
Tlze Age of the work and its Author
Coming to the question of the age of the work we take
the date of tlie palm-leaf ms as our starting point. That date
is :ij'lq_ "1ft '1'1 6th December 1292 A.D. Now let
us make an attempt to find how far we can go into times
earlier than this.
Sflri in his commentary on Anyayogavyavach-
chheda Dvatrirpsika of Ijemachandra Siiri (1089-117 3 A. D.)
named Syadvadamafijari while commenting on verse 17 after
putting forth the view of Sunyavadins says
at<!cffi''l!i<ft;q+{.l "For a detailed refutation of Pramanas
Tattvopapla vasirpha should be consulted" s. In this reference \ve
are to note that the work is mentioned with its full title and for
the purpose of 3H!IIJf@IJ':g<f, The title agrees completely with the
one of the work under consideration and which starts
on page one of our text forms its main theme. This leaves no
doubt that Siiri our work in mind and no other.
SM was finished in the Saka year 12149- 11th October
1292. than two months before the date of our palm-
leaf ms. Thts also suggests that M. had a copy of this work
other than the one available to us.
in his chapter
16, mentions that the poet Dharma of the Kaula sect and a native
duel with the great Jain dialecti-
ctan santt Sun of Pattan and that he used the
8. P. 118, Sya.dviidamailjart ed. by Dr. A. B. Dhruva., BSS.
9. I
11 p, 179, BSS,
V
arguments taken from the TP for this purpose. 1o Ch. finish-
ed his Pra. in V. S. 133-t-A.D. 1277 !\larch 12,11 So the TP
was known fifteen years before our ms was copied. \ e
may, however, go further. As there is nothing which goes
against the historicity of the incident mentioned by Chandra-
prabha Suri we may say that the TP was a well knovm
work even in the 11th cent. A. D. and that it was used as a
powerful dialectical weapo11.12
Abhayadevasuri- the teacher of Santi Suri in PramaJ;la
commentary on Sanmatitarka called Tattvabodha-
vidhayini popularly known as Vadamahcirl).a\a has passages
which seem to be adapted from the T PS as shown by Pandit
Sukhlalji and Pt. Bechardas in their excellent edition of Sal;l-
matitarka, Vol. IV pp. 547-51 footnotes. Now Abhayadeva-
Suri being a teacher of S::inti Sitri who died in V. S. 1096
-A. D. 1040 falls in the first half of the 11th century A. D,13
Thus the evidence considered above enables us to say
that the TP was well known in Gujarat during the period of
11th to 13th centuries of the Christian Era. The Digambara
Jain works of the Southern India lead us still further.
Students of South Indian Jainism know very well that
the great Digambara Pontiff Akalarikadeva (A. D. 620-80)
wrote a number of authentic philosophical works and gave
great impetus to the development of Jain Nyaya.
1
4 In that
tradition Vidyanandin who such works as Tattyartha
slokavartika and is a great name. Anantavirya is
another important name. He wrote a commentary on the
Siddhivinischaya of Akalankadeva. This commentary, not yet
published in a printed form, exists in the MS. library of Kodai
10.
6 \$1) u '" u
io, 11
:err;;r 11 'i 11
pp, 221-22 N. S. P.
11. 1
ll 11
p, 349 ibid.
12. See: Intro. to KS pp. cxliv-cxlviii. pub. by M,J, V.
13. Preface to the Gujarati translation of SM, pp. 83-84
14. See: NKC P 110.
vi
in Cutch. \Ve possess a copy made of it. These two.
viz. Anantav!rya and Vidyanandin refer to TP 111 thetr
works.
15
Ananta,drya in his Siddhivinischayavrtti on folio 228. a
says: eJSr etc. and further on on the same foho
::sp.r{lfb: etc. These two pass-
ages leave no doubt that Jayanisi wrote TP and that he
and his work TP are referred to by Anantavtrya.
1
6
Similarly Vidyanandin in his work named A9tasahasri
which has been published by the N. S. P. says on p. 37
etc. and after devoting about five pages to
the refutation of says:
qr
(p. 42). The passage etc. may be
compared with the last few lines of our text wherein Jayarasi
says: 1
15. Compare the following from Prameyakama.lamarta1;1Q.a:--
ft en: 1 "lift tr orr 1
etc. (p. 13 a N. S. P. 1912) with the following from
TPs 'p. 19: Sir{!' o:r ,
ftli 1:1.ri qr 1 l:l;r1 tr orr 1 r;ufi:;r<!i:
to -<fiij 11 Compare also the following
from the PKM p.l84b: i!Til l
ef.r-.ai4ft\rrr:irf;ror orr, etc. with
1 aJ'itO!irf..:rffi err 1
etc. TPS p, 7.
This comparison inclines us to believe that the PKM might have
taken these p:.tssages -with a few verbal changes and in a slightly compress-
ed form from TPS. Prabha.chandra, the author of the work, is placed between
950-1020 A. D. by Pandit Mahendrakumii.ra, p. 123. Preface to NKC.
Dr. Satischaudra, however, puts him ab:>ut 825 A. D. pp, 193-19+, H.I.L.
16. As these passages are decisive as evidence they are quoted at
length below :- .
'''a. atsr
il' 1 1
fti \";r rr ]
rqrqfoi'f I rrft 'l;rTGIJF'a\lJf
1 f1fi \'rr ccr ;!fa) tareno:rrq:_
..... atmr,. I
vii
Vidyanandin refers b tattvopaplava vada in his other
work viz. Tattvarthslokavii.rtlka also. He s:tys (p. 80, G. N.
J. G.): 151'<!TqCi'!;lfilffft\<i: <!if';q;;r_ 1 and devotes about
a page to the discussion of ('l=t:ir:rr.3"-PEffO:::. Again on page 195 of the
same work he mentions Tattvopaplavav:idins with Si:mya\a-
dins and Brahmavadins as follows
<if P-6 if qjlil"ii>R::.r<:I: 1117
These passages confirm us in our view that Vidyanandin
also refers to our TP and no .other work. In addition to
this we may point out tlu.t Vidy.inandin first refutes the
views of the other section of Charvakas (pp. 35-37 AS.)
and then grapples with tattvopaplava vada, which me::tns
that in V's view these two are different sections requiring
separate treatment.
Thus we find that Anantavlrya mentions by
name and Vidyanandin devotes considerable space to refute
tattvopaplava vada separately and in addition to the refuta-
tion of other Charvakas wh0 accept one PramaQ.a and the
existence of four elements.
Now we find that Anantavhya is referred to by
Madhavacharya(14Cen. A. D.) in his Sarvadarsanasangraha.
rr;rr6fl;cr srr ffli =rJ \';; err
srfuit1:1t err wtra- 1 t:taa:'fr&-<-rcir-trt;rra:.
I "i.fg{6fi!fflcri'\";{ I tt6:i<ffi" I

I I
1 ft n sr+Iitir

EfT 3Rztey:ft p]
I if Clel-
r ilfu: m:nuT
1iliif+J:. I i:fa
iif"'TTO:. 1 ttsrr{ err !i{ui
1 ' ;n;r ' 1 61&JT 1 et
mrr6ii'Citr1 I
ifffl'fij ijar-:<1: I 15tr_ I
mi!H'f.. 1 1
1 1 <lirJ:TRtr.
etc. -
f6fur153fcl:: 11 t. t. a.
17. This may be compared with a similar bracketing of these three
by S' rl referred to above.
'viii
He is also mentioned by the great Digambaracharya Prabha ..
in his Nyayakumudachandra a on
Laghiyastraya of Akalankadeva. Pandtt _ Mahendrakumar
the learned editor of the NKg. puts Prabhachandra between
950-1020 A. D. and Anantavirya in the ninth century A.D.1
8

As to Vidyanandin find that he mentions Dharmottara,
Prajfiakara and Mm;tqanamisra and quotes Karikas from the
Vartika on Brhadaranyaka of Suresvara. The first two are put
in the eighth century of the Christian Era; Mal}.qanamisra is
later than Kumarila, and Suresvara being a desciple of
Sankaracharya later than s. Mr. P. V. Kane puts Suresvara in
between 800-8-lO. Pandit Mahendrakumar following this
order puts Vidyanandin also in the ninth century.
Dr. Satishchandra puts him about 800 A. D.
1
9 Pandit
Vam;;idhara the editor of puts Vidyanandin in
the middle of the ninth century of the Vikrama Era-that is
to say about 796 A. D.
FrJm the consideration of the dates of Anantavirya and
Vidyjnandin we are inclined to believe that TPS and its
author JayarMi are earlier than the ninth century of the
Christian Era.
In order to find out the earlier limit of the age of TPS
we have to rely upon the references to other works and their
authors as well as to other Darsanas in it. The main theme
of TPS is the examination of the Instruments of Valid
ledge and so with that aim it surveys the entire field of the
then known schools of Indian Philosophy. It mentions
Sankhyas (P. 79), Mimamsakas (23, 58, 82), Ktina-
das, i.e. (P. 117), Naiyayikas {pp. 6, 12, 14, etc.),
Bauddhas under various names (pp. 27, 35, 41, 42, 45, 56, 79,
81, 83 etc.) and the Digambaras of the Jain Sect. It also
refers to the (P. 81) which seems to be a
Vedanta view older than that of Sankaracharya and refers
also to the and Aitihya PramaQ.as, subsuming the
former Anumana and latter _under Agama (p. 113).
The last section of the work 1s devoted to
doctrine of the Vaiyakara.J;las especially that of Bhartrhari.
Thus it becomes clear that TPS is familiar with the
views of almost all important schools-Vedic,
18._ Dr. Satishcha.ndra Vidyabhushana in his His. of Indian Logic puts
Prabhachandra. about 825 A. D. (p. 193) while curiously enough puts
Ana.ntavtrya about 1039 A. D. (p. 198).
19. H. I. L. pp, 186-81
ix
Jain and Buddhist-as we find them developed in their res-
pective works by the ninth century of the Christian Era. \Ve
also find that the Mayavada and the Kevala Advaita\'ada as
developed by Sankaracharya are conspicuous by their absence.
All this, in itself, however carries us nowhere and it is curious
to note that the individual references to authors and works in
the TPS are only two. One is to Brhaspati the founder of the
Lokayata school and the other to probably a
work of Jayarasi himself or some one belonging to his school.
The other references, as said above, are general. So the only
course left open to us is to make an attempt to identify
the quotations given in the TPS with the original passages
and to try with the help of these identifications to settle the
earlier limit of the age of the work.
Of the numerous quotations we _have. been able to trace
only a few. These come from the Mimamsasutras of Jaimini,
the Siitras of Ka1;1ada, the Nyayasiitras of Gautama,
the of Sahara, the Slokavartika of Kumarila, and the
Pramal).avartika and the Nyayabindu of Dharmakirti. Of the
two verses noted in the foot-note2 we are able to trace the
latter to SV 2 v. 184 and the context requires that the former
also must be either from the SV or a similar work of Pur-
vamimamsa; but it is not found in the published editions of
the SV and strangely enough is found in the Tattvasangraha
of Santarak.;;ita (karika 2895, G. 0. S.). The context in _the
TS however shows that it must belong to some Purvamim-
amsa work-presumably the SV of Kumarila-as the Pafijika
on the verse in question gives in support a quotation from
Sa barabhal?ya.
Now if the quotations we have identified cannot be
traced to some earlier works, we may, from what we have
discussed above, come to the conclusion that the TPS and
its author cannot be placed b'bfore Kumarilabhatta
and Dharmakirti. Now Kumarila is assigned by different
scholars to somewhere between 600 A. D. to 700 A. D. He
is according to Keith earlier than 8 38 and 'wrote perhaps
ijf.ij Of I
11
I
11 TPS. p. 160
X
about 700'21, Similarly Dharmakirti is also placed behveen
600 and 700 A. D. According to Keith he falls in seventh
centurr .\.. D. \Yhile Satishchandra would place hm1 about
635-56 .\. D ' So a1so Schcrbatsky. Rti.hula S<ithlqtyayana
is of the opinion that '625 A C. shoul? be .the latest . date for
DK.' and l\bhc::ndrakum:ir would assign htm the penod 600
660-90 A. D.
These considerations drive us to the conclusion that the
TPS and Jayar<isi cannot be earlier than the seventh
tury of the Christian Era and as we saw above they cannot
be assigned to an age later than that of Vidyanandin and
Anantavirya: that is later than about 800 A. D. So we are
inclined to put TPS and its author in the eighth
century A. D.
The absence of a reference by itself may prove nothing
but in a particular context where a certain reference would
reasonably be expected its absence may be regarded as signi-
ficant. TPS while refuting the theory of Pramal)as and inci
dentally some Prameyas_b.kes cognizance, as we saw, of all the
principal schools viz. Mimamsa, Nyaya, Vaise,!?ilm, S<inkhya,
.Buddhist, Jain, etc., but there is no reference to the Mayavada of
Sm1karacharya as there is reference to the Samvrti of Mc:idhya
makas (pp. 98-100). The only reference to the Vedanta
doctrine that one finds, as we also saw, is to the
which comes after the refutation of Sankhya Kaivalya (p. 81).
This conspicuous absence of reference inclines us to the view
that Satikaracharya was not known to Jayarasi probably
because he was either prior to him or was his contemporary;
because considering the influential character of Sankar<'ichitrya's
\Vorks, if it existed in J's time, his not taking cognizance of it
such a polemical work as TPS would be a puzzle. Now
s. who according to Keith 'may have been born in 788, and
may have died or become a Sanyasin in 820, at any rate worked
c. A. D. 800.'
23
If D'oth J. and 8. were contemporaries or
J. prior to SL it would agree with the conclusion that we have
arrived at about the age of J. and may lead us to assign Jaya ..
rMi the :first half of the seventh century A. D.
21. His. of S.L. p, 474. See also Karmam1mamsa. p.ll.Satishchandra.
would put bim about 630 A. D. H, I. L. p, 35l, and p. 138 f. n. 12, Pt.
Mahendrakumii.r 600-660, Introduction to NKC p. 109, and Akalanka-
gra.nthatraya p. 32.
22. B. P. p, 308; H. I. L. p. 303; B. L. pp. 31-32; Intro. to Vada
nyaya p. vii; Introductions to NKC'. p 109 and Intro, to A T, p 32.
23, H. S. I.,. p. "1-76
Xl
Similarly, Haribhadrasiiri who is placed by Jinavijayaji
in the period 700-770 A. D.-a view accepted by Keith2-4-does
not mention the TPS or tattvopaplava wida either in his
or though he describes the Lokayata
darsana in the SDS and discusses it in the SVS. This also
agrees well with the age which we. assign to Jayarasi.
Native place of ]ayarasi
We have no means of ascertaining the birth place of
But from the fact that the earliest references to the
-:r:_Ps and Jayarasi are in the works of Vidyanandin andAnanta
virya .both of them Digambara Jain Acharyas of Southern India
and from the fact that the TPS refers only to the Digambara
Jain sect {P. 79) we arc inclined to guess that probably J.
also from the land which produced Bhatta Kumarila,
Dharmakirti, Akalanka, Vidyanandin, Ami.ntavirya and
Sankaracharya.
As to the caste of Bhatta as he calls himself
there cannot be much doubt. He must have been a Brahmin
like Bhatta Kumarila though the title Bhatta is sometimes
found with the names of some Digambara Jain ponti:ffsJ e. g.
Bhatta Akalankadeva. But Jayarnsi could not have been a
Jain or a Buddhist as he mercilessly attacks their views;
while his being a Brahmin would not prevent him from
attacking other Brahminical systems with which he could not
agree. In our view the Lokayata is one of the Brah-
minical Darsanas though not one of the Astika Darsanas be
cause Brhaspati is not outside the Brahminical fold. S'ri
as we saw above, refers to him as
Works of ]ayarasi
Whether J. wrote any other work besides TPS we do
not definitely know, but it is likely, as the following reference
shows that he may have written another work named
n,asara: :q (Mf But as we have
said above the possibility of being the work of some
other author of the same school is not altogether excluded.
TPS a work of tlze Lokayata Sclzool
We have said in the beginning that the TPS is a work of
the Lokay:ata or Charvaka school or to. be precjse.- of
a particular division of that school Our teason for this state-
ment is that J. in support of his quotes Brhaspati.
24. J . s, S. Vol. I p; 53, AHis. of s. L: preface p.XXI
3
xii
only and that with great regard e.
Wlilffi1:. 'l-: "rmitf;n.fism<Jrtr.. (p. 4:> ); and also on .p.88:
i{fer 1 He also refers !o htm as
Siitrakara and quotes a verse of his abuse th.e
Jainas (p. 79). The very first quotahon to (p.
in our text is given in the on the SDS of Han-
bhadra called Tarkarahasya Dipika thus; C1'ii!E1'fu:
etc.zs This also signifies that quotes from
Brhaspati. The word (p. 1) no doubt, also refers to
Brhaspati as the quotahon etc. suggests. . At
the end of his work Jayarasi tells us that arguments whtch
even could not occur to the Preceptor of Gods that is Brhas-
pati obtain in his work TPS.
That J. is developing the doctrine of the orthodox(!) Loka-
yata also becomes clear from the first paragraph of the text.
He has to explain as to why he talks of tattvopaplava when
Brhaspati says: 1 o=t.;rrf;r etc.
Jayarasi in effect says that B. is merely reflecting
in his statement the belief of the people; but that what B.
really means is that when one thinks one finds that
even that Tattvas like etc. do not stand - what to say
about others ? thus disposes off the orthodoxy and
starts, so to say, with the permission of his Guru, by removing
him out of the way, on his campaign of demolishing the doc-
trines of other schools.
The critical method of }ayarasi
The method which Jayarasi adopts is what.may be called
critical method using the :word in the Kantian sense. He
in effect says the system of knowables depends upon the sys-
tem of means of knowledge; while means of knowledge in
order to be valid have to conform to reality. So one has to
examine whether there.. are any valid. means of knowledge be-
fore one can say about reality. J. is of the opinion
that there are no vahd means of knowledge and in order to
prove his thesis he examines the different theories of the
Pram:i:Q.as or valid instruments of knowledge of the different
of Indian Philosophy. That is why we call J.'s method
cnhcal26,
25. P. 124. publis,hed by JainaAtmina.nda Sabha, Bhav-
nagar. .
26. taN arfif if I . ilTifr.t-
.
..
Xlll
1. altvopaplavasUnlta
Jayarasi starts with the examination of the of
Naiyayikas and tries to prove that it cannot stand (pp. 2-22).
Then he discusses Mimamsaka and Buddhist views of
Pramcii].a as such (22 to 32) and follmvs it up with the criti-
cism of their respective {32-58,58-61). Then comes
the turn of the Sankhya view of (61-64). Then again the
Naiyayikas have to withstand his attack on their theory of
(pp. 64-74). While discussing Jayarc:isi finds it
convenient to examine the various theories about atro:Jwt or soul.
In this connection he deals with the Naiyayika, Jaina, M1marh
4
saka, Satikhya and Vedanta theories of soul (p. 74-83). Having
finished this part of his argument he again turns to the theory
of stij+Jlif, this time of the Bauddhas including !heir
(pp. 82-109). Then the six types of at:!{{qfu of Mimarilsakas are
considered (109-1,9). Upamana of the and
Abhava of the Mimarhsakas are briefly dealt with (pp.
110-19) and a reference to Aitihya and Sambhava also
made by saying that they come under and stijllfif respec-
tively.
The last section is directed to the examination of
(113-25) and in that connection the theory of the gram
marians especially that of Bhartrhari is als:> examined
(120-23).27 After this detailed criticism comes to
the conclusion : \# 1
This summary account of the main contents of the work
clearly shows the viewpoint of Jayarasibhatta as critical. In
fact he has criticized all the varieties and theories of 3Hirur
known to Indian Philosophy of his time. Here a question
arises whether this method is merely fi!ra06r or an honest
effort to show that as there a.re no valid means of knowledge
nothing which can be said to conform to reality can be asserted.
Vita:Q.qa has been defined by Gautama as a 1
The Jalpa (the sort of discussion which uses all sorts of argu-
ments with a view to defeat the opponent) which has no
opposite view to establish, is Vita:Q.qa. Can we say that J. has
written this work merely for the fun of confounding different
dialecticians and that he has nothing to say as a result of all
this cogitation r We do not think so. N. careful reading of the
text leaves the impression that J. is as serious a thinker as any
21. The verse (p. 125 TPS) is found with a variation
in the first pada in the Vaiya.karaJ;!a.bhii,haJ;!asara of p. 202.
C. S. S. We are indebted for this reference to Pandit Sa.tyadeva
Mis'ra of the Brahrna.cba.ri Wadi Sa.mskrt College, Ahmeda.ba.d,
xiv
other, and that he wants to show the incapacity of human ins-
truments of knowledge to know anything really. This tendency
in Indian thought is not altogether new and can be traced from
the Vedas, down to But for the present
suffice it to say, that the TPS of Bhatta adds a
new chapter to the History of Indian Philosophy l



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xix
ABBREVIATIONS



(N. S. P.)
<filo

(G. 0. S.)


(B. I.)


(C. S. S.)
'Sl;:n'IJ!Cffo
!ililTIJ! <riM'i!i
(Appendix to J. B. 0. R. S.


Vol. XXIV)
(C. S. S.)


(N. S. P.)



fto

qft<{o
A. S.
A. T.
B. B.
B. I.
B. L.
B. P.
B. S. S.
c. s. s.
G. N.J.G.
G. 0. S:
H. I. L.
H. I. S.
H.S.L.
J.B.O.R.S.
J. s. s.
K. K. K.
K. M.
K. S.
M. J. G.
M. J. V.
N. K. C.
4
1$T<RTffi'flll. (B. I.)
ij<=iifua<fi:
(P. M. G.)

(


Sahasri (G. N. J. G.)
Akalankagranthatrayam. (S. J. G.)
Bibliotheca Buddhica
Bibliotheca lndica
Buddhist Logic. (B. B. XXVI)
Buddhist Philosophy (Oxford)
Bombay Sanskrit Series
Chaukhamba Sanskrit Series
Gandhi Natharanga Jaina Grantha Mala
Gaekwad's Oriental Series
History of Indian Logic (Calcutta University)
Heritage of India Series .
A History of Sanskrit Literature (Oxford)
Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research Society
J aina Sahitya Sa111sodhaka
Khadya (C. S. S.)
The Karmam1mamsa (H. I. S.)
(M. J. V.)
Manikyachandra Jaina Grantha Mala
Mahavira Jaina Vidyalaya
Nyayakumuda-Chandra (M. J. G.)
N. S. P.
P. M:. G.
S. D. L. J.
XX
Nirnaya Sagar Press
Puratattva Mandira Granthavali
r e ~ t h i Devchandra Lalbhai Jaina Pustako-
ddhara
S. D. s. Sarvadadana Satngraha
Sh. D. Sm. $aqdarsana Samuchchaya
S. J. G. Singhi Jaina Granthamala
S. V. s. Sastravarta Samuchchaya (S. D. L. I.)
TP. Tattvopaplava
TPS. , , Simha
T. S. V. Tattvartha Sloka Vartika (G. N. J. G.)
A
xxi
CORRECTIONS
Read SIR'CIT as p. 4 1. 24
fitflFI4T as 't<iiferiSI'liT p. 27 1. 14
as p. 33 1. 12
as p. 42 1. 18
'Pctln'l' as p. 55 1. 20
[ as ['ffi: p. 50 13
[ ] as [ Sii:] p. 87 3
Add [ \. '"'" ] line 18 p. 45
Omit ( ) after I line 8 p. 122
CONTENTS
Preface
lnlroductioJz
Importance of the TPS
Description of the l\IS
...
The Present Edition . .
Comparative Unfamiliarity of the TPS
The Age of the \Vork and its .\uthor
Native Place of J ayarasi
Works of Jayarasi ..
The Critical Method of Jayan1si
Tattvopaplavasimha ...
Contents in Sanskrit ..
Abbreviations
Corrections
..
...
,j
I-:.'\IV
I
I
II
JI
IV
XI
XI
XII
XIII
XV
XIX
XXI
1-125
The Text of Tattvopaplavasimha ...
(1) Cnticism of the theory of
... ...
2- 22
(2) Crjticism of the Pramai).a theory of the
Mimamsadarsana
(3) The same of the Buddhists ...
( 4) Criticism of their theory
(5) The same of the Mimamsadarsana
(6) The same of the S<iJ.11khyadarsana
22- 27
27- 32
... 32- 58
... 58- 61
61- 64
(7) Criticism of the Anumana theory of the
N ya yadarsana.
(8) Criticism of the Inference of Soul
(9) Criticism of the Buddhist Theory of
Anumana
64- 7-t-
7-t- 83
83-109
(10) Criticism of the Arthapatti-theory of
Mimamsadarsana .. 109-110
(11) Criticism of Upamana theory ... 110-112
(12) The same of Abhava ... .. 112-113
(13) The same of Sambhava and Aitihya 113
(14) Criticism of the Sabda theory ... 113-125
Conclusion of the Work ... . ... 125
Index of Philosophical Terms . .. 129-140
Index of Proper Names 141
Index of Quotations .. 143 .
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l
Gaekwad' s Oriental Series '
J'
trl
CATALOGUE OF BOOKS
1940
ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, BARODA
I
SELECT OPINIONS
Sylvain Levi: The Gaekwad's Series is standing
at the head of the many collections now pub-
lished in India.
Asiatic Review, London : It is one of the best
series issued in the East as regards the get up of
the individual volumes as well as the able
editorship of the series and separate works.
Presidential Address, Patna Session of the Oriental
Conference: Work of the same class is being
done in Mysore, Travancore, Kashmir, Benares,
and elsewhere, but the organisation at Baroda
appears to lead.
Indian Art and Letters, London: The scientific
publications known as the " Oriental Series "
of the Maharaja Gaekwar are known to and
highly valued by scholars in all parts of the
world.
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London :
Thanks to enlightened patronage and vigor-
ous management the "Gaekwad's Oriental
Series" is going from strength to strength.
Sir Jadunath Sarkar, Kt.: The valuable Indian
histories included in the '' Gaekwad's Ori-
ental Series'' will stand as an enduring
monument to the enlightened liberality of
the Ruler of Baroda and the wisdom of his
advisers.
The Times Literary Supplement, London : These
studies are a valuable addition to Western
learning and reflect great credit on the
editor and His Highness.
GAEKW AD'S ORIENTAL SERIES
-++--
Critical editions of uuprinted and original works of Oriental
Literature, edited by competent scholars, and published
at the Oriental Institute, Baroda
I. BOOKS PUBLISHED.
Rs . .a..
1. Kavyamima:rhsa ( a. work on poetics, b\
Rajaeiekha.ra (880-920 A.D.) : edited b, C. D. Daltil
and R. Ana.nta.k:rishna. Sa.stry, 1916. Reissued, 1924.
Third edition revised and enlarged Pandit K. S.
Ramaswami Shastri of the Oriental Institute, Baroda,
1934, pp. 52+314 . . . . . . 2-0
This book ha8 been Bet aB a text-book by several Univeraitie8 including
Benarea, Bombay, anti Patna.
2. Naranariyaq.ananda ( 11''(;1TUVQlT11'"C) : a poem on the
PaurAJ;J.io story of Arjuna. and rambles on Mount
Girnar, by Va.stupala., Minister of King ViradhavaJ.a
of Dholka, composed between Samvat 1277 and 1287,
i.e., A.D. 1221 and 1231 : edited by C. D. Dalal and
R. Ana.nta.krishna Sastry, 1916, pp. 11+92+12. Out of print.
3. Tarkasailgraha ( l'fli'VJ'f) : a work on Philosophy
(refutation of theory of atomic creation) by
Ana.J;!.da.j fiina or Ananda.giri, the famous commentator
on Satika.ri.oirya.'s who flourished th.e
latter half of the 13th century: edited byT. M. Tripath1,
1917, pp. 36+142+13 Out of print.
4. Parthaparakrama ( 'tff"flll'mft'fl' ) : a. drama. describing
Arjuna's recovery of the cows of King by
Prahlida.n.adeva., the founder of Pilanpur and the
younger brother of the Parami.ra king of Cha.ndrava.ti
(a. state in Marwar), a.nd a. feudatory of the kings of
Guzerat, who was a Yuvariija in Samvat 1220 or .
A.D.ll64: edited by C. D. Dalal, 1917, pp. 8+29. Out of print.
5. Riftrau4havamsa ( : an historical poem
(Mahikivya) describing the history of the Bigulas of
Ma.yU'ra.giri, from king of Kana.uj and the
originator of the dyna.sty, to Niriy&n&,c, Shlh of
Mayiiragiri, by Rudra Kavi, composed in oak& 1518
or A.D. 1596: edited by Pandit Emba.r Krishna.-
ma.charya. with Introduction by C. D. DaJal, 1917,
pp. 24+ 128+4 Out of prim.
Rs. A.
6. on Grammar, by Vamana.,
who lived between tlie last quarter of the 8th century
and the first quarter of the 9th century : edited
bY C. D. Da1al, 1918. pp. 9+2 Out of p'l'int.
7. Vas an taviHisa ( ) : an historical poem
(Mabiikavya) describing the life of Vastupala and
the history of Guzerat., by Balachandrasiiri (from
Modheraka or Modhera in Kadi Prant, Baroda State),
of Vastupala, composed after his death
for his son in Samvat 1296 (A.D. 1240) : edited by C. D.
Da.lal, 1917, pp. 16+ 114+6 . . Out of print.
8. Riipaka!ilatka : six dramas by Vatsaraja,
minister of Paramardideva of Kalinjara, who lived
between the 2nd half of the 12th and the lst quarter
of 13th centurv: edited bv C. D. Dalal, 1918,
pp. 12+191 Out of print.
9. Mohaparajaya ( ) : an allegorical drama de
scribing the overcoming of King Moha (Temptation), or
the conversion of KumarapiUa, the Chalukya King of
Guzerat, to Jainism, by Yasattpala, an officer of King
Ajayadeva, son of Kumarapala, who reigned from A.D.
1229 to 1232 : edited by Muni Chaturvijayaji with
Introduction and Appendices by C. D. Dalal, 1918,
pp. 32+ 135+ 20 Out of print.
10. Hammiramadamardana a drama glorify-
ing the two brothers, Vastupala and Tejatlpala, and their
King Vtradhavala of Dholka, by Jayasimhasiiri, pupil
of Virasiiri, and an Acii.rya of the temple of Munisuvrata.
at Broach, composed between Samvat 1276 and 1286
or A.D. 1220 and 1239: edited by C. D. Dalal, 1920,
pp. 15+98 2-0
11. Udayasundarikatha a romance (Campii,
in prose and poetry) by a contemporary of
and patronised by the three brothers, Chchittaraja.,
Nagarjun.a., and successive rulers of
Konkan, composed between A.D. 1026 and 1050 :
edited by C. D. Dalal and Pandit Embar Krishna-
macha.rya, 1920, pp. 10+158+7 2-4
12. Mahavidyavic;Jambana ( a work on
Nyaya. Philosophy, by BhaHa. Vadlndra who lived
a.bout A.D. 1210 to 1274: edited by M. R. Telang,
1920, pp. 44+189+7 2-8
13. Pricinagurjarakavysail.graha ( a.
collection of old Gujarati poems dating from 12th
to 15th centuries A.D. : edited by C. D. Dalal, 1920,
pp. 140+30 2-4
14. Kumarapalapratibodha : a bio-
graphical in Pralq-ta., by Somaprabhacharya,
composed m Sa.mvat 1241 or A.D. 1195 : edited by
Muni Jinavijaya.ji, 1920, pp. 72+478 7-8
3
Rs. A...
15. Gal).akarika ( if11llii!Tftlii!T) : a work on Philoso
1
Jhy
(Pasupata School), by Bha.sarvajfia who li,ed in the
Second half of the lOth century: edited by 0. D. Dalal,
1921, pp. 10+5i . . l-4
16. Saligitamakaranda ( ) : a work on
by Narada: edited by M. R. Telang, 19:20 Q,d of print.
17. Kavindracarya List list. of
Sanskrit works in the collection of Ka'\lndracana
a Benares Pandit (1656 A.D.) : edited bY R.
krishna Sastry, with a foreword by Dr: G-anganatha
Jha, 1921, pp. 20+34: . . . . . . 0-12
18. Varahagrhyasiitra ( : Yedic ritual
(domestic) of the Yajurveda: edited by Dr. R.
Shamasastry, 1920, pp. 5+24 . . . . . 0-10
19. Lekhapaddhati ( <ifqm) : a collection of models of
state and private documents, dating from 8th to 15th
centuries A.D.: edited by C. D. Daial and G. K.
Shrigondekar, 1925, pp. 11 + 130 . . 2--0
20. Bhavisayattakaha or Paiicamikaha ( : a
romance in Apabhramsa language, Dhana.piila (circa
12th century) : edited by C. D. Dala.l and Dr. P. D.
Gune, 1923, pp. 69+ 148+ 17 4: 6-1)
21. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Palm-leaf and Im-
portant Paper MSS. in the Bhandars at Jessal-
mere ( ), compiled by C. D.
Dalal and edited by Pandit L. B. Gandhi, 1923.
pp. 70+ 101 3-4
22. Parasuramakalpasiitra ( : a work OD
Tantra., with commentary by Ramesva.ra: edited by
A. Mabadeva Sastry, B.A., 1923, pp. 23+390. Out of print.
23. Nityotsava ( fcmfl'liVif) : a supplement to the Parasurama
kalpasiitra. by Umiina.nda.natha : edited by A. Mahadeva
Sastry, B.A., 1923. Second revised edition by Swami
Trivikrama Tirtha., 1930, pp. 22+252 5-0
24. Tantrarahasya ( ) : a work oD the PrA.bhakara
School of Piirvamimn:ri.lsa, by Ramanujacarya: edited
by Dr. R. Shamasastry, 1923, pp. 15+84:.- Out of print.
25, 32. ( : a work on architecture,
town-planning, and engineering, b;\' king Bhoja of Dhara
(11th century): edited by Mabama.hopadhyaya T.
Ganapati Shastri, Ph.D. Illustrated. 2 vols., 1924-
1925, vol. I, pp. 39+290 (out of 11rint) : vol. II,
pp. 16+324: 10-0
26 41. Sadhanamala ( : a Buddhist 'rantric
' text of rituals, dated 1165 A.D., consisting of 312
small works, composed by distinguished writers :
edited by Dr. B. Bhattacharyya.. Illustrated. 2 vols.,
1925-1928, vol. I, pp. 23+34:2; '\"Ol. II, pp. 183+295 14-Q
27. A Descriptive of MSS. in the Central
Library. Baroda ( : compiled
by G. K. Shrigondekar, M.A., and K. S. Ramaswami
Shastri, with a Preface by B. Bhattacharyya, Ph.D.,
in 12 vols., vol. I (Veda, and
Rs. A.
vol. I, 1925, pp. 28+264 6-Q
28, 84. ManasolHisa or ( 'fl'r-!VT-
ll!r;r ) : an work treating of one hundred
different topics connected with the Royal household
and the Royal court, by Somesvaradeva, a Chalukya
king of the 12th century: edited by G. K. Shrigondeka.r,
3 vols., vol. I, 1925, pp. 18+14:6; vol. II, 1939,
pp. 50+ 304: 7-12
29. Nalavilasa ( a drama by Riimachandrasiiri,
pupil of Hemachandrasfiri, describing the Paura:r;tika
story of NaJa and Damayantl: edited by G. K.
Shrigondekar, M.A., and L. B. Gandhi, 1926, pp. 40+91 2-4
30, 31. Tattvasail.graba ( l'l'mJ'f") : a philo-
sophical work of the 8th century, by a
Professor at Nitlanda with Paiijika (commentary) by his
disciple Kamalasila, also a Professor at Nalanda : edited
by Pandit Embar Krishnamacharya, with a Foreword
by Dr. B. Bhattacha.ryya, 2 vols., 1926, vol. I,
pp. 157+80+582; vol. II, pp. 4+353+102 24-0
33, 34. ( : by Ali Maham-
mad Khan, the last Moghul Dewan of Gujarat :
edited in the original Persian by Syed Nawab Ali,
M.A., Professor of Persian, Baroda College, 2 vols.,
illustrated, 1926-1928, vol. I, pp. 416; vol. II, pp. 632 19-8
35. ( a work on Vedio
ritual {domestic) of the Yajurveda with the
of Astavakra : edited with an introduction in Sanskrit
by Pandit Rfimakrishna Harsha.ji Sastri, with a Preface
by Prof. B. C. Lele, 1926, pp. 40+264 5-0
36, 68. Natyasastra { ltflilillll'i'!): of Bha.rata with the com-
mentary of Abhinava.gupta of Kashmir: edited by
M. Ra.ma.krishna Kavi, M . .A.., 4 vols., vol. I, illus-
trated, pp. 27 +397, 1926 (out of print); vol. II,
pp. 23+25+464, 1934 5-0
37. Apabhramsakavyatrayi : ( ) consisting of
three works, the Carcari, Upadesarasayana, and
Kalasvariipakulaka, by Jinada.tta Siiri (12th century)
with commentaries: edited with an elaborate introduc-
tion in Sanskrit by L. B. Gandhi, 1927, pp. 124+ 115 . 4-0
38. Nyayapravesa Part I (Sanskrit Text): on
Buddhist Logic of Diilniiga, with commentaries of
Ha.ribha.dra. Suri and Par8vadeva: edited by Principal
A. B. Dhruva., M.A., LL.B., Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Hindu
University, Benares, 1930, pp. 39+ 104 Out of print.
39.
( ), Part II {Tibetan Text):
Rs .A.
With. Introduction, notes, appendices. etc., b'
Bhattacharyya, Principai,
V1dyabhavana, VlSvabharati, 1927, pp. 2i+Gi 1-8
40.
Advayavajrasangraha ( ) : consisting of
twenty works o? Buddhist philosophy by
AdvayavaJra, a Buddhist savant belonging to the
11th century A.D., edited by 1\'Iahamahopadhava
Dr. Haraprasad Sastri, M.A., C.I.E., Hon. D Litt.,
1927, pp. 39+68 . . . . . . . . 2-0
42. 60. Kalpadrukosa ( : standard work on
Sanskrit Lexicography, 'by Kesava: edited with an
elaborate introduction by the late Pandit Ramavatara
Sharma, Sahityacharya, M.A., of Patna and index
by Pandit Shrikant Sharma, 2 vols., 1928-1932, vol. I
(text), pp. 64+485; vol. II (index), pp. 283, 14-0
43. Mirat-i-Ahmadi Supplement '!Jftm):
by All Muhammad Khan. Translated into English
from the original Persian by Mr. C. N. Seddon, I.C.S.
(retired), and Prof. Syed Nawab Ali, M.A. Illustrated.
Corrected reissue, 1928, pp. 15+222 6-8
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
Two Vajrayiina Works ( : comprising
Prajfiopayaviniscayasiddhi of Anangavajra and
Jiianasiddhi of lndrabhiiti-two important works
belonging to the little known Tantra school of
Buddhism (8th century A.D.): edited by Dr. B. Bhatta-
charyya, 1929, pp. 21+118
Bhavaprakiisana ( 'ffii"STiiliT1(if) : of Sara.datanaya, a
comprehensive work on Dramaturgy and Rasa,
belonging to A.D. 1175-1250; edited by His Holiness
Yadugiri Yatira.ja Swami, Melkot, and K. S. Ramaswami
Sastri, Oriental Institute, Baroda., 1929, pp. 98+410
Riimacarita ( : of Abhinanda, Court poet
of Hiiravarsa probably the same as Deva.pala of the
Pala Dynasty of Bengal (ci1". 9th century A.D.): edited
by K. S. Ramaswami Sastri, 1929, pp. 29+467 ..
( ; by Nrsirilha-
kavi alias Abhina.va Kalidasa, a"'work on Sanskrit
Poetics and relates to the glorification of Nafijaraja.,
son of Virabhiipa of :Mysore: edited by Pandit E.
Krishnamacharya, 1930, pp. 47 +270
Niityadarpa:Qa ( ) : on dramaturgy, . by
Ra.macandra Siiri with his own commentary: ed1ted
by Pandit L. B. Gandhi and G. K. Shrigondekar,
M . .!\.., 2 vols., vol. I, 1929, pp. 23+228 . . .
Pre-Diimiiga Buddhist Texts on Logic from Chinese
Sources ( : containing the English
translation of Satasasf.'l'G of Aryadeva, Tibetan text and
7-0
7-8
5-0
Rs. A.
English translation of Yigraha-vyavartani of Nagarjuna
and the re-translation into Sanskrit from Chinese of
Upaya.hrdaya and Tarkasatstra: edited by Prof.
Giuseppe Tucci, 1930, pp. 30+:!:0+32+77+89+91 9-0
50. Mirat-i-Ahmadi Supplement 'Tftfm!) :
Persian text giving an account of Guzerat, by Ali
Muhammad Khan: edited Syed Nawab Ali, M.A.,
Principal, Bahauddin College, Junagadh, 1930, pp. 254 6-0
51,77.
of Hemacandra. translated into English with copious
notes bv Dr. Helen M. Johnson of Osceola, Missouri,
U.S . .A .. 4 vols., vol. I (Adisvaracaritra), pp. 19 +530,
illustrated, 1931; vol- II, pp. 22+396, 1937 26-0
52. Dat;t.4aviveka ( a comprehensive Penal Code
of the ancient Hindus bv Vardhamana of the 15th
century A.D. : edited by Kamala
1931, pp. 34+380 8-8
53. or Guhyasamaja ( :
the earliest and the most authoritative work of the
Tantra School of the Buddhists (3rd A.D.):
editedbyB.Bhattacharyya,Ph.D.,l93l, pp. 39+210.. 4-4
54. Jayakhyasarhhita ( an authoritative
Paficaratra work of the 5th century A.D., highly
respected by the South Indian edited
by Pandit E. Krishna.ma.charya of Vadtal, with one
illustration in mne colours and a Foreword hY B.
Bhattaaharyya, Ph.D., 1931, pp. 78+47+454 12-0
55. ( ; of
with the commentary, probably the same
as of Ra.janaka Tilaka (11th century
A.D.): edited by K. S. Rama.swami Sastri, 1931,
pp. 48+62 2-0
56. Parananda Siitra ( .... an ancient Tfintric
work of the Hindus in Siitra form details of
many practices and rites of a. new School of Tantra. :
edited bY Swami Trivikrama Tirtha with a Foreword
by B. Bhattacharyya, Ph.D., 1931, pp. 30+ 106 3-0
57,69. Ahsan-ut-Tawarikh ( : histor;\-
of the Safa wi Period of Persian 15th and 16th
centuries, by Hasa.ni-Rumlu: edited by C. N. Seddon,
I.C.S. (retired). Reader in Persian and Marathi,
University of Oxford, 2 vols. (Persian text and
translation in English), 1932-34, vol. I, pp. 36+510:
vol. n, pp. 15+301 . . . . . 19-8
58. Padmananda Mahakavya ( ) : giving the
life history of the first Tirthai1kara of
the Jainas, by Amarachandra Kavi of the 13th
century: edited by H. R. Kapadia, M.A., 1932,
pp. 99+ 667 14-0
59.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66,
67.
71.
72.
7
Rs. A.
Sabdaratnasamanvaya ( ) : an inhrestina
lexicon of the Nanartha class in Sanskrit compiled
by the Maratha King Sahaji of Ta.njore : edited b,-
Pandit ViHhala Sastri, Sanskrit PiUhasala, Barocia.
with a Foreword by B. Ph.D ..
pp. 31+605 ' .
Saktisarigama Tantra ( wf'ftiQlifPR) : a
compendium of the Hindu '!'antra comprising four
books on Kali, Tara, Sundari, and Chhinnamasta :
edited by B. Bhattacharyya, :M.A .. Ph.D .. 4: >ols ..
vol. I, KalikhaJ.l9-a, 1932, pp. 13+ 1 i!1 . .
Prajiiaparamitas ( 'SllrTtm:fin): commentaries on the
Prajfiaparamita, a Buddhist philosophical work:
edited by Giuseppe Tucci, Member, Italian Academy,
2 vols., vol. I, pp. 35+.58H
Tarikh-i-Mubarakhshahi ( an
authentic and contemporary account of the kings of
the Saiyyid Dynasty of Delhi: translated into English
from original Persian by Kamal K.rishna Basu,
Professor, T.N.J. College, Bhagalpur, with a Foreword
by Sir Jadunath Sarkar, Kt., 1932, pp.
Siddhantabindu ( ftfilii : on Yedanta philosophy,
by Madhusiidana. Sarasvatl with commentary of
edited by P. C. Divanji, ..
1933, pp. 142+93+3013
lllltasiddhi ( ) : on Vedanta philosophy, by
VimukJ;atma, disciple of Avya.yatma, with the authors
own commentar-y: edited bv M. Hirha.nna, l\l.A.,
Retired of Sanskrit, l\Iaharaja's College,
Mysore, 1933, pp. 36+697
70, 73. ( ) : on the l\limarilsa
Siitras of Jaimini: Translated into English hy
Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. Gangana.th Jha, M.A., D.Litt.,
etc., Vice-Chancellor, University of Allahabad, in 3
vols., 1933-1936, vol. I, pp. 15+705: vol. II, pp. 21.1+
708; vol. Ill, pp. 28+1012
Sanskrit Texts from Bali ( ) : comprising
a large number of Hindu and Buddhist ritualistic,
religious and other texts recovered from the islands of
Java and Ball with comparisons: edited by Professor
Sylvain Levi, 1933, pp. 35+ 112
Nariiyaq.a Sataka ( a devotional poem
of high literary merit by ':idyakara the _com-
mentary of Pitambara : edited by Pa.ndtt Shrika.nt
Sharma, 1935, pp. 16+91
Riijadharma-Kaustubha { ) : an elabor_ate
Smrti work on Rajadharma, Rajaniti and the reqmre-
ments of kings, by Anantadeva: ':dited by th:e_ late
Mahamahopadhyaya Kamala Knshna Smrt1t1rtha,
1935, pp. 30+506 ..
ll-0
2-8
12-0
7-8
11-0
14-0
4:8-0
3-8
2-0
1()-()
Rs . .A.
74. Portuguese Vocables in Asiatic Languages (
) : translated into English from Portuguese
b, Prof. A. X. Soares, LL.B., Baroda College,
B'aroda, 1936, pp. 125+520 . . 12-0
75. Nayakaratna ( ) : a commentary on the
Nyayaratnamala of Parthasarathi Misra by Ramii.nuja of
the Prabbakara School: edited by K. S. Ramaswami
Sastri of the Oriental Institute, Baroda, 1937, pp. 69+
346 4-8
76. A Descriptive Catalogue of MSS. in the Jain Bhan-
dars at Pattan ( llilQtiN\ ) : edited from
the notes of the late Mr. C. D. Dalal. M.A., by L. B.
Gandhi, 2 vols., vol. I, 1937, pp. 72+498.. 8-0
78. Gal}itatilaka ( ) : of Sripati with the com-
mentary of Sizphatilaka, a non-Jain work on
Arithmetic with a Jain commentary: edited by H. R.
Kapadia, l\I.A., 1937, pp. 81+116 4-0
79. The Foreign Vocabulary of the Quran (
showing the extent of borrowed words in the sacred
text: compiled by PJ:ofessor Arthur Jeffery of the
School of Oriental Studies, Cairo, 1938, pp. 15+311 . . 12-0
80, 83. Tattvasa:ilgraha : of with
the commentary of Kamala.sila : tra.nslated into English
by Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. Ganganath Jha, 2 vols.,
1937-39: vol. I, pp. 8+739; vol. II, pp. 12+854 37-0
81. Harilsa-vilasa ( : of Hamsa Mitthu : forms
an elaborate defence of the various mystic practices
and worship : edited by Swami Trivikra.ma Tirtha
and :.\Iahamahopadhyaya Hathibhai Shastri, 1937,
pp. 13+331 5-8
82. Siiktimuktavali ( : a well-known Sanskrit
work on Anthology, of J alhat:Ja, a contemporary of
King of the Northern Yadava Dynasty (A.D.
1247): edited by Pandit E. Krishnamacharya, Sanskrit
Patha.Sala, Vadtal, 1938, pp. 66+4:63+85.. 11-0
85. Brhaspati Smrti ( '111'EI'lfi1(1Jffr ), being a reconstructed
text of the now lost work of Brhaspati: edited by
Rao Bahadur K. V. Rangaswami Aiyangar, Director,
Tirupati Oriental Institute, Tirupati, 1940. Shortly . .
86. Parama-Samhita ( : an authoritative work
on the Pii.iicha.ratra system: edited by Dewan Bahadur
S. Krishnaswa.mi Aiyangar, of Madras, 1940. Shortly.
87. Tattvopaplava ( ) : a masterly criticism of the
opinions of the prevailing Philosophical Schools by
Jayarasi: edited by Pandit Sukhala.lji of the Benares
Hindu University with an introduction by Mr. R. C.
Parikh of Abmedabad, 1940. Shortly.
!J
Bs. A.
88. Anekantajayapataka ( : of Haribha.dra
Siiri (c. ll20 A.D.) with his own commentary and
':fippanaka by Munichandra, the Guru of
Siiri: edited by H. R. Kapadia, 1\I.A., in 2 vols., vol. I,
1940. Sh()t'fly.
II. BOOKS IN THE PRESS.
1. Natyasastra ( edited bv M. Ramakrishna
Kavi, 4 vols., vol. Ill.
2. Alarhkaramahodadhi ( "lV'IITRil""'li(fl:f ) : a famous work
on Sanskrit Poetics composed by Narendraprabha
Suri at .the request of Minister Vastupala in 1226
A.D.: ed1ted by Lalchandra B. Gandhi of the Oriental
Institute, Baroda.
3. Dvadasaranayacakra ( : an ancient
polemical treatise giving a resume o the different
philosophical systems with a refutation of the same
from the Jain standpoint by )lallavadi Suri with
a commentary by Sim.hasuri Gani : edited by Muni
Caturvijayaji.
4. Krtyakalpataru ( ) : of Lakll!midhara, minister
of King Govindachandra of Kanauj : edited by
Principal K. V. Rangaswami Aiyangar, Hindu Uni-
versity, Benares, vols. I-IV.
5. A Descriptive Catalogue of MSS. in the Oriental
Institute, Baroda ( : compiled
by K. S. Ramaswami Sastri. Srauta ,Pandit, Oriental
Institute, Baroda, 12 vols., vol. II (Srauta, Dharma,
and Grhya Sutras).
6. Madhavanala-Kamakandala ( 1iN<rTII\ililil*'ii41W<'iT): a
romance in old Western Rajastbani by Ga1;1apati,
a Kayastha from Amod : edited by M. R. Majumdar,
M.A., LL.B.
7. Anekantajayapataka ( of Haribhadra
Siiri (c. ll20 A.D.) with his own commentary and
l'ippanaka by Munichandra, the Guru of Vadideva
Siiri: edited by H. R. Kapadia, M. A., in 2 vols., vol. II.
8. Sekoddesat:ika ( : a Buddhist ritualistic
work of Naropa describing the Abhiseka or the initiation
of the disciple to the mystic fold: edited by Dr. Mario
Carelli.
9. Sa:rilrat Siddhanta ( : the well-known
work on Astronomy of J agannatha Pandit : critically
edited with numerous diagrams by Pandit Kedar Nath,
Ra.jjyotisi, Jaipur.
10. Vimalaprabha ( : the famous commentary
on the Kalaoakra Tantra and the most important
work of the Kilacakra School of the Buddhists :
edited with comparisons of the Tibetan and Chinese
versions by Giuseppe Tucci of the Italian Academy.
10
11. Aparajitaprccha ( a voluminous work
on architecture and fine-arts: edited by 1\'Ir. P. A.
Mankad, L.C.E.
12. Tantra ( comprising four
books on Kali, Tara, Sundari, and Chhinnamasta:
edited by B. Bhattacharyya., Ph.D., 4 vols., vol. II.
13. Parasudima Kalpa Siitra ( ) : a work on
Hindu Tantra, with commentary by Rii.mes-.;ara: secoud
revised edition by Pandit Sakarlal Shastri.
H. Sastradipika ( : a well-known l!lfimamsa
work: translated into English by D. Venkataramaiah of
:Mysore.
15. An Alphabetical List of MSS. in the Oriental Insti-
tute, Baroda ( ) : compiled from the
existing card catalogue by Mr. Raghavan
Siromani, Catalogue Assistant.
Ill. BOOKS UNDER PREPARATION.
Rs. A.
1. Prajfi.aparamitas ( "Sf'iJT'q'T'U'fiC'I'l ) : commentaries on the
Praji'Hi.paramita, a Buddhist philosophical work: edited
by Prof. Giuseppe Tucci, 2 vols., vol. II.
2. Tantra ( ) : comprising four
books on Kali, Tara, Sundarl, and Chhinnamasta :
edited B. Bhattacharyya, Ph.D., 4 vols., vols.
III-1\.
3. Natyadarpat}a ( ) : introduction in Sanskrit
giving an account of the antiquity and usefulness of
the Indian drama, the different theories on Rasa, and
an examination of the problems raised by the text, by
L. B. Gandhi, 2 vols., vol. II.
4. Gurjararasavali ( ) : a collection of several
old Gujarati Rasas: edited by Messrs. B. K. Thakore,
M. D. Desai, and 1\'I. C. Modi.
5. ( ri'I'T1IT): a work on Buddhist. Logic, by
Mok$ii.kara. Gupta of the Jagaddala monastery: edited
with a Sanskrit commentan bv Pandit Embar Krishna-
macharya of Vadtal. ' w
6. A Descriptive of MSS. in the Oriental
Institute, Baroda ( : compiled
by the Library Staff, 12 vols., vol. III (Smrti MSS.).
7. Manasollasa ( tiTIPi'IWN ) : or
edited by G. K. Shrigondekar, M.A., 3 vols . vol. III.
8. Nitikalpataru ( the famous Niti work of
edited by Sard.ar K. M. Panikkar, M.A., of
Patiala.
11
Rs. A.
9. Chhakkammuvaeso ( : an Apabhramsa work
of .the Jains containing ... didactic religious teachinas:
edited by L. B. Gandhi, Jain Pandit. c
10. Tantra ( de.
scr1bmg a large number of or magic circles
and numerous deities: edited by B. Bhattacharyya.
l l. Basatin-i-Salatin ( : a contem-
porary account of the Sulta.ns of Bijapur: translated
into English by M. A. Kazi of the Baroda College and
B. Bhattacharyya.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Madana Mahar1;1ava ( : a Smrti work
principally dealing with the doctrine of Karmavipaka.
composed during the reign of :Mandbatii. son of
Ma.danapala: edited by Em bar Krishnamacharya.
( of
Hemacandra: translated into English by Dr. Helen
Johnson, 4 vols., vols. III-IV.
Vivada Cintama1;1i ( of Yii.chaspatiMisra:
an authoritative Sxp.rti work on the Hindu Law of
Inheritance: translated into English by !IJahamaho-
padhyaya Dr. Ganganath Jha.
Brhaspatitattva ( ): a Saiva treatise belonging
to an early stratum of the Agamic literature written in
old Javanese with Sanskrit slokas interspersed in the
text : edited by Dr. A. Zeiseniss of Leiden.
AQ.u ( a standard work of the
Suddhadvaita School: translated into English by Prof.
G. H. Bhatt, M.A., of the Baroda College.
Hetubindu ( ) : the famous work of Dharmakirti on
Buddhist logic: "edited from a single MS. discovered at
Pattan, by Pandit Sukhalalji of the Benares Hindu
University.
A Descriptive of MSS. in the Jain Bhan-
dars at Pattan ( ) : edited from
the notes of the late :Mr. C. D. Dalal, M.A., by L. B.
Gandhi, 2 vols., vol. II.
For further particulars please communicate
with-
THE D!BEOTOR,
Oriental Institute, Baroda.
12
THE GAEKWAD'S STUDIES IN RELIGION AND
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Rs. A.
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religion. IV, Jesus and modern culture. V, the
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religion and beauty. XII, religion and history.
XIII, principles of reform in religion]: by Alban G.
Widgery, M.A., 1919. (Cloth Rs. 3) 2-0
4. Confutation of Atheism: a translation of the Hadis-i-
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