b22cd205-0269-4f41-931f-2887373cdb75

1
AISC NIGHT SCHOOL: Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD

FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech
Session 5 Moment Connections Part I Copyright 2013
February 25, 2013 American Institute of Steel Construction
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3
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The American Institute of Steel Construction 2013
AISC Night School
Session 5: February 25, 2013 Moment Connections Part I
This live webinar covers wind and low seismic moment
connection design. Various moment connections will be
discussed including flange welded-web bolted connections,
flange plate welded-web bolted connections, flange plate
bolted-web bolted connections, and moment end-plate
connections. Column side limit states will be discussed
followed by the presentation of a design example.
Course Description
4
At the end of this program, participants will be able to:
Gain familiarity with wind and low seismic moment
connection design.
Gain familiarity with various types of moment connections.
Gain an understanding of column side limit states in moment
connections.
Gain an understanding of designing a moment connection
through the presentation of a design example.
Learning Objectives
8
Presented by
Thomas M. Murray, Ph.D., P.E.
Emeritus Professor
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
thmurray@vt.edu
Fundamentals of Connection Design
Session 5: Moment Connections Part I
February 25, 2013
5
January 14, 2013 Fundamental Concepts Part I
January 28, 2013 Fundamental Concepts Part II
February 4, 2013 Shear Connections Part I
February 11, 2013 Shear Connections Part II
February 25, 2013 Moment Connections Part I
March 4, 2013 Moment Connections Part II
March 11, 2013 Moment Connections Part III
March 18, 2013 Bracing Connections
SCHEDULE
9
10
MOMENT
CONNECTIONS
PART I
6
11
Moment Connections:
Flange Welded / Web Bolted
Flange Plate Welded / Web Bolted
Flange Plate Bolted / Web Bolted
Column Side Limit States
Design Example
TOPICS
12
MOMENT CONNECTIONS
FR Moment Connections
Rotation,
M
o
m
e
n
t
,

M

M = 0.9M
Typical Beam Line
PR Moment Connection
Simple Shear
Connection
F
M = 0.5M
F
M = 0.2M
F
M
F
S
7
13
FLANGE WELDED / WEB
BOLTED
14
Limit States
Girder Flange-to-Column Flange Weld
Complete Joint Penetration (CJP)
Partial Joint Penetration (PJP)
Fillet welds (Shop)
Note
Weld Access Holes Reqd
for Field Welds
8
15
Girder Flange-to-Column Flange Weld
PJP joint welds are not recommended.
Fillet welds should develop the flange in tension.
f
f u
d ' req
b 392 . 1 5 . 1
) t d ( M
D

=
(1) 392 . 1 5 . 1
) 1 ( t F 9 . 0
D
f yf
d ' req
=
or
Recommended
16
Web Plate Limit States:
Shear Yielding
Shear Rupture
Bearing and Tear Out
Block Shear
Weld Shear Rupture
V
u
9
17
Notes:
Web plate connection is developed for direct
shear (no eccentricity).
The couple is resisted by the flanges.
High seismic design requires special
considerations.
V
u
V
u
18
FLANGE PLATE WELDED /
WEB BOLTED
Top plate is narrower than beam flange.
Bottom plate is wider than beam flange.
10
19
Limit States
Flange Plates-to-Column Flange Welds
Weld Access Holes Required
Plate-to-Flange Weld
must be made first.
20
Tension Flange Plate Yielding
F
fu
= M
u
/ (d + t
p,avg
)
F
fu
< F
y
A
g
= 0.9
F
fu
11
21
Tension Flange Plate Rupture
Longitudinal Welds Only
F
fu
< F
u
A
e
= F
u
U A
g
= 0.75
Using AISCS Table D3.1, Case 4, p. 16.1-28
U = 1.0 for L > 2w
= 0.87 for 1.5w < L < 2w
= 0.75 for w < L < 1.5w
F
fu
L
w
22
12
23
Tension Flange Plate Weld
F
fu
= M
u
/ d < R
n
= 0.75
R
n
= R
wl
+ R
wt
max 0.85R
wl
+ 1.5R
wt
F
fu
R
wl
R
wt
24
Beam Tension Flange Block Shear
Longitudinal welds only.
Shear Area
Tension Area
F
fu
13
25
Compression Flange Plate Buckling
Local Buckling (Table B4.1a Axial Compression)
Unstiffened
Element
Stiffened
Element
Unstiffened
Element
tp
b
1
y p
2
y p
1
F
E
40 . 1
t
b
7 Case : Stiffened
F
E
0.56
t
b
2 Case : d Unstiffene
<
<
b
2
26
Compression
Flange Plate
Local Buckling
14
27
Compression Plate Buckling
Flexural (Column) Buckling (AISCS J4.4)
For KL/r < 25
P
n
= 0.9F
y
A
g
For KL/r > 25
P
n
= 0.9F
cr
A
g
and provisions of Chapter E apply with k = 0.65
Column
Flange
L
28
Compression Flange Plate Weld
F
fu
= M
u
/ d < (weld strengths)
F
fu
1.392 DL
w
15
29
Web Plate / Web Bolts
Same as for Flange Welded / Web Bolted
Connection (No Eccentricity)
V
u
30
FLANGE PLATE BOLTED /
WEB BOLTED
16
31
Flange Plates
Flange Plates usually welded in shop.
Top flange plate is located to above
theoretical beam depth to account for
tolerances.
Figure shims are used if
needed to fill gap when
bolting.
Finger Shim
32
Limit States
Flange Plates-to-Column Flange Welds
Fillet Welds
If welded in the field,
welding must be done
before bolting and weld
access holes may be reqd.
17
33
Limit States
Tension Flange Plate Limit States
(Same as for a Tension Member.)
F
fu
1
1
2,3
2,3
3,4
3,4
Tension
Yielding
Tension Rupture
Bearing and
Tear Out
Block Shear
34
T
n
= 0.9 F
y
A
g
Tension Yielding
F
fu
1
1
2,3
2,3
3,4
3,4
Tension
Yielding
18
35
T
n
= 0.75 F
u
A
e
with A
e
= min (0.85 A
g
, A
n
)
Tension Rupture
F
fu
1
1
2,3
2,3
3,4
3,4
Tension Rupture
36
Ffu
Ffu
b
b
a
a
Ffu
c
c
b
b
a, b
a, b
Flange Plate Block Shear
Block Shear Paths
19
37
Compression Plate Limit States
Bearing and Tear Out
Local and Flexural Buckling
Stiffened
Element
Unstiffened
Element
b
t
p
Unstiffened
Element
L
Flange
Column
Local Buckling Flexural Buckling
K = 0.65
38
Bolt Rupture
F
u
= M
u
/ d < r
v
Long connection rule (Table J3.2 Footnote [b])
For end loaded connections with a fastener
pattern length greater than 38 in., F
nv
shall be
reduced to 83.3% of the tabulated values.
(Equivalent to =0.75 instead of 0.9. )
20
39
Girder Limit States
Reduced Flexural Strength
Block Shear
Bearing Tear-Out
40
V
u
M
u
Reduced Flexural Strength (AISCS F13.1)
21
41
Reduced Flexural Strength (AISCS F13.1)
If F
u
A
fn
< Y
t
F
y
A
fg
If F
u
A
fn
> Y
t
F
y
A
fg
no reduction is needed.
where Y
t
= 1.0 for F
y
/F
u
< 0.8 (A992)
= 1.1 otherwise
A
fg
= flange gross area
A
fn
= flange net area
Note: Reduction is based on tensile rupture strength.
x
S
fg
A
fn
A
u
F
=
n
M
42
Beam Flange Block Shear
F
fu
b
F
fu
b
a
a
22
43
Web Plate / Web Bolts
Same as for Flange Welded / Web Bolted
Connection (No Eccentricity)
V
u
44
COLUMN SIDE LIMIT
STATES
Flange and Flange Plate Connections
Flange Local Bending (J10.1)
Web Local Yielding (J10.2)
Web Crippling (J10.3)
Web Compression Buckling (J10.5)
Web Panel Zone (J10.6)
23
45
Flange Local Bending (AISCS J10.1)
Stress
Concentration
T
u
`
T
u
< R
n
R
n
= 0.9 (6.25 t
fc
2
F
yc
)
If T
u
> R
n
, half depth column
web stiffeners required.
T
u
46
F
y
T
u
or C
u
2.5
1
l
b
= t
fb
or t
p
5
k
d
e
s
i
g
n
+

l
b
Web Local Yielding (AISCSJ10.2)
T
u
or C
u
< R
n
= 1.0 F
yc
(5k
design
+ t
p
) t
wc
If T
u
or C
u
> R
n
, half depth stiffeners required
24
47
C
u
C
u
Web Local Crippling (AISCS J10.3)
Same design rules as for beam bearing
with l
b
= t
p
or t
fb
If C
u
> R
n
, half depth stiffeners required
48
Web Local Crippling (AISCS J10.3)
wc
fc yc
5 . 1
fc
wc
c
b 2
wc n
t
t EF
t
t
d
l
3 1 t 0.8 R
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
Web crippling @ >d/2
= 0.75
C
u
25
49
Web Compression Buckling (AISCS J10.5)
C
u
< R
n
h = clear distance between fillets
(get from tabulated h/t
w
value)
If max C
u
> R
n
, full depth stiffeners required
h
F E t 24
9 . 0 R
yc
3
wc
n
=
C
u
C
u
50
Transverse Stiffener Design
(AISCS J10.8 Requirements)
T
u
or C
u
t
s
t
wc
b
f
or b
p
bs
b
s
> d/2
t
f
or t
p
26
51
Transverse Stiffener Design
y
s
s
p f
s
p f
wc
s
E/F 56 . 0
t
b
2
t or t
t
3
b or b
2
t
b
+
Local Buckling
(Compression only)
52
Load Path Assumptions When Transverse
Stiffeners are Required
Assumptions:
Column resists R
n
Stiffeners resist difference
Stiffener Force = C
u,net
or T
u,net
= (C
u
or T
u
) min R
n
= R
u
min R
n
27
53
Required Net Stiffener Area

F .
R R
A
ys
n u
st
9 0

=
b
s
A
st
/ 2
Clip
3/4" Min.
Clip
3/4" Min.
54
Stiffener-to-Flange Weld
Recommend that weld develop the contact area
Or Complete Joint Penetration Weld (CJP)
(2) (1.392) 1.5
t F ) . (
(2) clip) b ( (1.392) 1.5
t clip) b ( F ) . (
D
s y
s
s s y
9 0 9 0
=
=
28
55
Stiffener-to-Web Weld
Tu, net Cu, net
V
u
/ 2
V
u
/ 2
V
u
= C
u,net
+ T
u,net
56
Stiffener Design When Required for Web
Compression Buckling (J10.5)
Design as a Compression
Member with Cruciform
Cross Section.
Provisions are in AISCS J10.8.
25 t
wc
t
wc
t
s
29
57
Compression Member Design
A = 25 t
w
2
+ (b
s
t
s
)
k = 0.75
h = d
c
2 t
fc
hL/r F
cr
P
n
P
n
> max C
u
25 t
wc
wc
t
s
b
s
b
s
58
Connections at Top of Columns
Column side strengths
are approximately one-
half of above, see
specification sections
J10.1, J10.2 and J10.3.
C
u
C
u
30
59
P
u
Panel Zones
Web Panel Zone Shear
(AISCS J10.6)
60
P
u
Panel
Zones
At Section A-A
0.9 R F
d 95 . 0 t d d
d 95 . 0 t d d
V
d
M
d
M
F
v u
2 2 f 2 2 m
1 1 f 1 1 m
u
2 m
2 u
1 m
1 u
u
= <
=
=
+ =
31
61
When effect of panel zone deformation
on frame stability is not considered
(Section AISCS J10.6):
For P
u
< 0.4 P
y
= 0.4 F
y
A
g
R
v
= (0.60 F
y
)(d
c
t
wc
) (shear yielding)
For P
u
> 0.4 P
y
= 0.4 F
y
A
g
R
v
= (0.60 F
y
)(d
c
t
wc
)[1.4 (P
u
/ P
y
)]
62
See J10.6(b) for strength when the effect of
panel zone deformation on frame stability
is considered.
32
63
Panel Zone Doubler Plate (AISCS J10.9)
If F
u
> R
v
,
a doubler plate is required.
V
u,dp
= F
u
R
v
Note: Use two plates if required
thickness is greater than 1 in.
P
u
Doubler
Plate
V
u,dp
64
Panel Zone Doubler Plate
Shear Yielding or Buckling
V
u
< V
n
= 1.0
V
n
= 1.0(0.6F
y
)(ht
p
) (Shear Yielding)
Otherwise,
V
n
from AISCS Section G2
h = d - 2t
fc
V
u,dp
t
p
y p
F
E
24 . 2
t
h
If
33
65
Panel Zone Doubler Plate
Buckling) (Inelastic
t / h
F / E k 10 . 1
C

F
E k
37 . 1
t
h

F
E k
1.10 For
Yielding) (Shear 1.0 C then
F
E k
10 . 1
t
h
For
C ) ht )( F 6 . 0 ( 0 . 1 V
w
y v
v
y
v
p y
v
v
y
v
p
v p y n
=
< <
=
=
66
A36 Plate Steel
3/4 in. A325-N Bolts
E70XX
V
u
= 75 k
M
u
W24x103
A992
M
u
= 1050 k-ft
P
u2
= 1335 k
Pu1= 1200 k
W
1
4
x
1
5
9

A
9
9
2

W24x103
A992
Vu Story= 90 k
Vu = 60 k
Example: Design Flange Welded/Web
Bolted Moment Connection
= 1050 k-ft
34
67
W24x103 W14x159
M
n
1,050 k-ft
d 24.5 in. 15.00 in.
t
w
0.550 in. 0.745 in.
b
f
9.000 in. 15.6 in.
t
f
0.980 in. 1.19 in.
k 1 .79/2- in.
h/t
w
15.3
A 46.7 in
2
T 10 in.
Ex. Flange Welded/Web Bolted M-Connection
68
W24x103 Flange-to-Column Flange Weld
Girder Flange-to-Column Flange
Use Complete Penetration Welds (CJP)
with Backing Bars.
Girder Web-to-Column Flange
Single Plate
No eccentricity considered.
35
69
4 @ 3"
1
1
4
"
1
1
4
" 1
1
2
"
2"
13/16 in. holes
5/16
Try PL 5/16 x 3 x 1-2 A36 with
W24x103 Web-to-Column Flange Connection
5 - 3/4 in. A325-N Bolts
70
V
u
= 75 kips
Limit State Strengths
Shear Yielding: V
n
= 97.9 k OK
Shear Rupture: V
n
= 82.6 k OK
Block Shear: V
n
= 81.5 k OK
Bearing / Tear Out: V
n
= 111.7 k OK
Bolt Shear: V
n
= 89.5 k OK
Weld Rupture: V
n
= 201.8 k OK
W24x103 Web-to-Column Flange Connection
36
71
W24x103
M
u
= 1,050 ft-kips d
c
= 24.5 in. t
fc
= 0.980 in.
T
u
= C
u
= (1050 x 12) / (24.5 0.980)
= 536 k
Column Side Design
72
V = 90 k
u
2
3
23.52 in.
C
u
= 536 k
4
T
u
= 536 k
1
23.52 in.
C
u
= 536 k
T
u
= 536 k
Flange Forces
37
73
R
n
= 0.9( 6.25 t
fc
2
F
y
)
= 0.9 (6.25 x 1.19
2
x 50)
= 398 k < T
u
= 536 k
For This Loading, Half-Depth Stiffeners
Required at 1 and 3.
Column Flange Local Bending (J10.1)
74
R
n
= 1.0 (5 k
design
+ t
fb
) F
y
t
wc
= 1.0 (5 x 1.79 + 0.980) (50) (0.745)
= 370 k < T
u
and C
u
= 535 k
Half-Depth Stiffeners Required at all locations.
Use Full Depth Stiffeners Top and Bottom.
Column Web Local Yielding (J10.2)
38
75
W24x103 l
b
= t
fb
= 0.980 in.
R
n
= 556 k > C
u
= 536 k OK
Column Web Local Crippling J10.3
wc
fc yw
5 . 1
fc
wc
c
b 2
wc n
t
t F E
t
t
d
l
3 1 t (0.80) 0.75 R
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
76
V
u
= 166 + 166
= 332 k
k 166 370 - 536
Yielding Local eb W 370
Bending Local Flange 398
min 536 T
1
= =
=
Transverse Stiffener 1-2 Design
1 2
39
77
Tension Side:
A
st,reqd
= 166 / (0.9 x 36) = 5.12 in
2
Compression Side:
A
st,reqd
= 166 / (0.9 x 36) = 5.12 in
2
Try PL 5/8 x 6
Clip: k
detailing
t
f
= 2.50-1.19=1.31 Use 1-
A
st
= 2 (6 1.5) (0.625) = 5.63 in
2
> A
st,reqd
OK
78
OK 9 . 15
36
29000
56 . 0
F
E
64 . 0 6 . 9
625 . 0
6
t
b
y s
s
= = < = =
Minimum Thickness:
t
s
= 0.625 in. > t
fb
/ 2 = 0.980 / 2 = 0.490 in. OK
Minimum Width:
b
s
= 6 in. > (9.0 / 3) (0.745 / 2) = 2.62 in. OK
Local Buckling:
Use 2 PL 5/8 x 6 Top and Bottom
40
79
Stiffener-to-Column Flange Welds:
Minimum Weld Size = 1/4 in.
Use 5/16 in. fillet welds B.S.
1/16ths 8 . 4
2 392 . 1 5 . 1
36 625 . 0 9 . 0
D =

=
80
Stiffener-to-Column Web Welds:
T = 11.25 in. > d
c
-2xt
fc
2xclip = 15.0-2x1.19-1x1.5
= 9.62 Use 9-
D = (166) / (9.5 x 2 x 1.392) = 6.27 1/16s
Minimum weld 5/16 in. Use 7/16 Welds B.S.
166 / 2 = 83.0 k
166 / 2 = 83.0 k
332 / 2 = 166 k
41
81
Strength of Column Web at Welds:
V
n
= 10.75(0.6F
u
)(t
wc
L
w
)
= 0.75(0.6x65)(0.745x9.5)
= 207 k > 166 k OK
166 / 2 = 83.0 k
166 / 2 = 83.0 k
332 / 2 = 166 k
82
M
2 PL 5/8 x 6
u = 1050 k-ft
Typ at
Flanges
W24x103
A992
7/16
P
u2
= 1335 k
M
u
= 1050 k-ft
2 PL 5/8 x 6
W14x159
A992
5/16
V
u Story
= 90 k
P
u1
= 1200 k
Typ at
flanges
W24x103
A992
V
u
= 75 k
Vu = 60 k
Typ at
web
7/16
5/16
Partial Design
42
83
Panel Zone Strength
C
u
= 536 k
P
u2
= 1335 k
12.6 in.
Tu = 536 k
V
u Story
= 90 k
23.55 in.
P
u1
= 1200 k
Tu = 536 k
C
u
= 536 k
23.55 in.
12.6 in.
P
u2
= 1335 k
P
u1
= 1200 k
84
V
u
= 536+ 536 90.0
= 982 k
P
u
= (1200 + 1335) / 2
= 1268 k
0.4 P
y
= 0.4 F
y
A
g
=0.4 (50 x 46.7)
= 0.4 (2335)
= 934 k < 1268 k
23.55 in.
12.6 in.
P
u2
= 1335 k
P
u1
= 1200 k
Panel Zone Strength
43
85
Shear Strength of Column Web
Since P
u
> 0.4 P
y
= 934 k
V
n
= 0.9 (0.6 F
y
) (d
c
x t
wc
) (1.4 P
u
/ P
y
)
= 0.9(0.6 x 50)(15.0 x 0.745)
(1.4 1268 / 2335)
= 259 k < V
u
= 980.0 k Doubler Plate(s)
Required
in. 47 . 2
) 0 . 15 )( 36 6 . 0 ( 9 . 0
259 980
d ' req , dp
t =
=
Panel Zone Strength
86
Try (2) 1 1/4 in. Web Doubler Plates
h = d 2 t
fc
= 15.0 2 (1.190)
= 12.6 in.
Doubler Plate Slenderness:
Shear yielding controls as assumed.
Use 2 1 A36 Doubler Plates
6 . 63
36
29000
24 . 2 0 . 10
25 . 1
6 . 12
t
h
p
= < = =
Panel Zone Strength
44
87
Long Side
M = 0
D = 675 / (1.392 x 23.55) = 20.6 1/16s
Use Complete Joint Penetration Weld (CJP)
12.6 in.
23.55 in.
V
u
V
u
(
2
3
.
5
5

/

1
2
.
6
)
k 675
6 . 12
55 . 23
2
259 980
V
uw
=
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
Panel Zone Welds
88
Short Side
Use minimum weld;
5/16 in. Fillet
or Fill Valley
Doubler Plate
Fill Valley
Stiffener
Panel Zone Welds
45
89
2 PL 5/8 x 6
Mu = 1050 k-ft
Typ at
Flanges
W24x103
A992
7/16
P
u2
= 1335 k
(2) 1 1/4 in Plates
M
u
= 1050 k-ft
2 PL 5/8 x 6
W14x159
A992
5/16
V
u Story
= 90 k
P
u1
= 1200 k
Typ at
flanges
W24x103
A992
V
u
= 75 k
Vu = 60 k
Typ.
Typ at
web
7/16
5/16
Final Design
End of Session 5
Thank You for
Attending
Next Up
90
46
February 25, 2013 Moment Connections Part I
March 4, 2013 Moment Connections Part II
March 11, 2013 Moment Connections Part III
March 18, 2013 Bracing Connections
Topics
Tee Stub Moment Connections
End-Plate Moment Connections
Next Session
91
Individual Webinar Registrants
Within 2 business days
You will receive an email on how to report attendance from:
ceu@aisc.org.
Be on the lookout: Check your spam filter! Check your junk folder!
Completely fill out online form. Dont forget to check the boxes next to
each attendees name!
OR
CEU/PDH Certificates
47
Individual Webinar Registrants
Within 2 business days
Go to: http://www.wynjade.com/aiscspring13/webinarCEU.
Username: Your Web ID(found on your registration receipt)
+ session number
Password: Your Last Name
Example Joe Steel; Web ID 123456; session 5
Login: 1234564
Password: Steel
Questions? Please email us at nightschool@aisc.org.
CEU/PDH Certificates
Access to the quiz: Information for accessing the quiz will be emailed
to you by Wednesday, February 27. It will contain a link to access the quiz.
EMAIL COMES FROM NIGHTSCHOOL@AISC.ORG.
Reasons for quiz:
EEU must take all quizzes and final to receive EEU
CEUs/PDHS If you watch a recorded session you must take
quiz for CEUs/PDHs.
REINFORCEMENT Reinforce what you learned tonight. Get
more out of the course.
NOTE: If you attend the live presentation, you do not have to
take the quizzes to receive CEUs/PDHs.
8-Session Registrants
48
Quiz Results: www.aisc.org/nightschool
-Choose Current Course Details
Quiz Results: www.aisc.org/nightschool
-Choose Current Course Details, scroll down
-Session 4 quiz re-takes due by March 1.
49
Access to the recording: Information for accessing the recording
will be emailed to you by Wednesday, February 13. The recording will be
available until February 24. For 8-session registrants only. EMAIL
COMES FROM NIGHTSCHOOL@AISC.ORG.
CEUs/PDHS If you watch a recorded session you must take
AND PASS the quiz for CEUs/PDHs.

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AISC NIGHT SCHOOL: Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD

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