From where Henri Fayol got the idea of 14

principles of Management?
Henri Fayol (1841-1925 was the managing director of large
coal mining firm! He "ecame famo#s "y writing 14 principle of
management! He descri"ed the practice of management as something
distinct from acco#nting$ finance$ prod#ction$ distri"#tion$ and other typical
"#siness f#nctions! His "elief that management was an acti%ity common to
all h#man "eings in "#siness$ go%ernment$ and e%en in the home led him to
de%elop 14 principles of management! &hese are 'nown as the f#ndamental
r#les of management that co#ld "e ta#ght in schools and applied in all
organi(ational sit#ations!
&hese principles are considered as most comprehensi%e
principles of management! &he reason "ehind this is that these principles are
act#ally deri%ed from teachings of )slam! )f yo# compare these principles
with *yaat and *hadees yo# will find most of these principles there! )t
means that )slam has already gi%en the principles of management 14++ years
ago! )t shows that the "est "oo' a"o#t management is ,#ran and one can
"ecome good manager "y #nderstanding &he Holy ,#ran and following the
-#nnah of .rophet Mohammed (.!/!0!H!
1ow let2s loo' at these principles and compare it with rele%ant
ayaat and ahadess3
14 .rinciples of Management3
1. Division of work: Specialization increases output by
making employees more efficient.
&his principle is gi%en ,#ran in these words3
No soul shall have a burden laid on it greater than it can
bear
[2:33]
&his ayat is emphasi(ing on the fact that physical$ emotional$ and
intellect#al capacity of an indi%id#al is limited and e%ery person has his own
talents and temperament$ it is important not to "#rden someone with a tas'
that is "eyond his or her a"ility!
2. Authority: Managers must be able to give orders and
authority gives them this right.
3. Discipline: Employees must obey and respect the
rules that govern the organization.
&hese principles are gi%en "y &he Holy ,#ran in these words3
Obey Allah and His Messenger and those in position of authority
among you.
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)n this ayat *lmighty *66*H himself is saying that yo# sho#ld follow those
who are in a#thority among yo#! Means one sho#ld gi%e respect to his
s#periors and follow his directions! 7#st li'e a M#slim in Mos8#e do when
he offer his prayer /a-9ammat! He follows the directions and commands
gi%en to him "y )mam! )n this way when e%ery one respect and o"ey the
directions of those who are in command organi(ation can wor' properly
witho#t any hindrance!
4. Unity of command : Every employee should orders from
only one superior.
5. Unity of direction: The organization should have a single
plan of action to guide managers and workers.
&his principle can "e fo#nd in &he Holy ,#ran in these words3
If there ere in the heavens and the earth! other gods! "esides
A##AH ! there ould have been collision in both.
&ho#gh this ayat is a"o#t the e:istence of only one ;od "#t this also shows
the importance and necessity of #nity of command and #nity of direction!
*nd in Holy ,#ran &he *lmighty *66*H emphasi(es repeatedly the
e:istence of only one ;od! /eca#se if we ponder o%er the system of this
#ni%erse$ we will get to 'now that e%erything is %ery systematic! <hanging
of weather changing of day and night shows that this system is r#n and
managed "y only one manager and that is *66*H! )f some organi(ation
wants to r#n its system smoothly then it sho#ld follow this principle of )slam
that is gi%en in Surah Anbia , Ayat no. 22 ! &his principle will 'eep them
away from many conf#sions$ complications and conflicts!
6. Subordinates of individual interests to the general
interests: The interest of any employee or group of
employees should not take precedence over the interest of
the organization as a whole.
Followers of the religion )slam is called =M#slim>! *nd the word M#slim
means the person who s#"ordinates his will! )t means a person who
s#"ordinates his will to *lmighty *66*H! &his principle can "e fo#nd in
Hadees -hareef where .rophet M#hammad (.!/!0!H said3
I sear by the One ho ons my life ! nobody can be honest
unless and until he li$e the things for his brother %other Muslims&
that he li$es for himself.
(ukhari Shareef!
7. emuneration: "orkers must be paid a fair wage for
their services.
&his principle is one of the most emphasi(ed principles in Hadees! /eca#se
the .rophet M#hammad (.!/!0!H said that =.ay rem#neration to la"or
"efore drying his sweat> &his is a "ea#tif#l principle to 'eep yo#r wor'ers
and employees happy! )f they get reasona"le and fair wages and
rem#nerations and also within time then they will "e m#ch pleased and do
the wor' assigned "y yo# with moti%ation and in this way yo# can get
ma:im#m o#tp#t from yo#r employees!
. !entrali"ation: This term refers to the degree to which
subordinates are involved in decision making.
&his principle is mentioned in &he Holy ,#ran in -#rah *al-e-)mran
in *yat 1o! 159!
'ass over %their faults&! and as$ for %(od)s& forgiveness
for them* and consult them in affairs %of moment&. +hen!
hen you have ta$en a decision put your trust in (od! for
(od loves those ho put their trust %in Him&.
)n this ayat *lmighty *66*H says to &he .rophet to "e 'ind to yo#r
followers and *lso cons#lt with them in yo#r affairs! &his shows the
importance of cons#ltation in affairs! &he .rophet M#hammad (.!/!0!H is
ordered "y *66*H to cons#lt! *nd also .rophet himself ad%ised his
followers to cons#lt with yo#r fellows in different affairs "eca#se that can
lead to yo# to right direction!
!. Scalar chain: The line of authority from top
management to lowest ranks is the scalar chain.
#$.%rder: #eople and the material should be in right place
at the right time.
##.&'uity: Managers should kind and fair to their
subordinates.
&his .rinciple is ;i%en in one of the /oo' of Hadees &he &irm(i$ &he
Holy .rophet said3
Allah does not ta$e pity on the one ho have not it for
others.
(M#slim-&irm(i
&his Hadees shows the importance of 'indness not only with
s#"ordinates "#t also with s#periors! &he .rophet emphasi(ed a lot on the
?indness! )f a person deals employees with co#rtesy and 'indness he can
get ma:im#m o#tp#t from them! &hat2s why it is said that$
= ?indness is the no"lest weapon to con8#er with> !
-o in the light of a"o%e mentioned Hadees a manager sho#ld try to
"eha%e 'indly and fairly so that employees can "e moti%ated and in this
way manager can get wor' done easily from them!

#(. Stability of tenure of personnel: Management
should provide personnel planning and ensure that
replacements are available to fill vacancies.
&his principle can "e fo#nd in this ayat3
And the ,irmament has He raised high! and He has set
up the "alance %of -ustice&!In order that ye may not
transgress %due& balance. .o establish eight ith
/ustice and fall not short in the balance.
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&his ayat states that no one sho#ld "e #nder load or o%er load and wor'
sho#ld "e di%ided among e%ery one e8#ally! ?eeping this thing in %iew
an organi(ation sho#ld try not to waste any time "#t fill %acancy and
made replacements ready so that no one get o%er or #nder load!
#).*ntiative: Employees who are allowed to originate and
carry out plans will e$ert high levels of effort.
&his point shows the importance of tr#sting on employees gi%ing them
right thing to do and allowing them to do in their style can moti%ate them
a lot and they will p#t e:tra "it of effort if we enco#rage them to initiate!
Ane sho#ld ha%e eno#gh confidence and tr#st on his employees to allow
them wor' with new styles and inno%ation! )slam also emphasi(es a lot
on tr#st ! )f some one tr#st the other then he sho#ld not "rea' that tr#st!
#4. &sprit de !ops: #romoting team spirit will build
harmony and unity within the organization.
Bsprit de cops means to enco#rage yo#r s#"ordinates and treat them in
s#ch a way that they de%elop team spirit$ "elongingness and #nity within
the organi(ation! &he Holy ,#ran ga%e this principle in following words3
%+elling the 'rophet& if you had been stern and fierce of
heart they %the companions and folloers& ould have
disappeared from around you. .o pardon them and as$
forgiveness for them and consult them in the conduct of
affairs
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)n this ayat *lmighty *66*H is saying to His "elo%ed .rophet to treat his
companions and followers with co#rtesy! -imilarly if a manager wants to
'eep his employees moti%ated so he has to treat them with co#rtesy in this
way he can promote the team spirit and #nity and harmony within an
organi(ation!
<oncl#sion3
B:cept 9
th
and the 1+
th
point each and e%ery principle of
Henri Fayol has any ayat or hadees in it! &his shows that how m#ch
importance )slam has gi%en to the s#"9ect of management! *nd 9th and 1+
th
co#ldn2t pro%e not "eca#se the )slam hasn2t gi%en these things "#t "eca#se
of my limited 'nowledge! )f ) wo#ld ha%e more 'nowledge a"o#t )slam
.erhaps ) wo#ld "e a"le to pro%e these two points as well! &he whole
modern management re%ol%es aro#nd these 14 principles and )slam ga%e it
14++years "ac'! /#t #nfort#nately M#slims neglected them