Wikipedia:List of "largest" articles

Wikipedia:List of "largest" articles
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of Wikipedia articles that discuss the largest things in a number of different categories, as well as articles that list things according to size.
Contents [hide]
1 Human Engineering 2 Demographics, Politics, and Institutions 3 Geography and Topography 4 Astronomy 5 Biology 6 Mathematics
Human Engineering[edit]
List of tallest buildings and structures in the world List of largest buildings in the world List of largest churches in the world List of the world's largest domes List of world's largest roadside attractions List of largest flags Largest photographs in the world List of largest suspension bridges List of bridges by length List of world's longest ships List of largest passenger vehicles in the United States Largest creative work Largest book Largest locomotive Largest drum Largest Texas flag List of the world's largest shopping malls List of the largest artificial non-nuclear explosions The world's largest cruise ship, the Oasis of the Seas The world's largest land vehicles, bucket-wheel excavators
The world's heaviest aircraft, and the largest aircraft to take off more than once, the Antonov An-225
The world's largest passenger aircraft, the Airbus A380 [ world largest ship]
Demographics, Politics, and Institutions[edit]

List of statistically superlative countries List of countries by area List of countries by population List of countries by GDP List of the largest country subdivisions by area List of metropolitan areas by population Largest village in England World's largest universities Largest religious groups List of the largest Protestant churches of the world List of largest gatherings in history List of largest empires List of largest airlines Largest software companies List of the largest fixed satellite operators Largest naval battle Largest sports contracts List of biggest opening weekends List of capitals and largest cities by country List of Canadian provinces' largest cities
Geography and Topography[edit]

List of world's largest lakes List of highest mountains List of drainage basins by area List of islands by area List of largest lakes of Western Europe
Astronomy[edit]
List of largest known stars List of largest optical refracting telescopes
Biology[edit]
Largest organisms Largest dinosaur Largest body part
Mathematics[edit]
Largest known prime Large numbers
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List of world's largest roadside attractions

[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.
This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2009) The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (May 2009) This article may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. (February 2009
Several countries have roadside attractions claiming to be the largest example of a certain item. This list was drawn partly from World's Largest Roadside Attractions.
Contents [hide]
1 Australia
o o o o
1.1 New South Wales 1.2 Northern Territory 1.3 Queensland 1.4 South Australia
2 Canada
o o o o o o o o
2.1 Alberta 2.2 British Columbia 2.3 Nova Scotia 2.4 Manitoba 2.5 Ontario 2.6 Quebec 2.7 Saskatchewan 2.8 New Brunswick
3 India 4 New Zealand
5 United States of America
o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
5.1 Alabama 5.2 Alaska 5.3 Arizona 5.4 Arkansas 5.5 California 5.6 Colorado 5.7 Florida 5.8 Georgia 5.9 Illinois 5.10 Indiana 5.11 Iowa 5.12 Kansas 5.13 Kentucky 5.14 Louisiana 5.15 Maine 5.16 Maryland 5.17 Massachusetts 5.18 Michigan 5.19 Minnesota 5.20 Missouri 5.21 Nebraska 5.22 New Mexico 5.23 New York 5.24 North Carolina 5.25 North Dakota 5.26 Ohio 5.27 Oklahoma 5.28 Oregon 5.29 Pennsylvania 5.30 Rhode Island 5.31 South Carolina 5.32 South Dakota 5.33 Texas 5.34 Virginia 5.35 Washington
o o
5.36 West Virginia 5.37 Wisconsin
6 Europe
o o o
6.1 France 6.2 Germany 6.3 Ireland
7 Notes
Australia[edit]
World's Largest Pineapple, Nambour
See also: Australia's Big Things
New South Wales[edit]

World's Largest Trout, Adaminaby World's Largest Prawn, Ballina World's Largest Tennis Racquet, Barellan World's Largest Fruit Bowl, Bilpin World's Largest Banana, Coffs Harbour World's Largest Eagle, Cowra World's Largest Sheep, Goulburn World's Largest Barrel, Griffith World's Largest Boomerang, Hawes World's Largest Chook, Kemps Creek
"Big Golden Guitar", located atTamworth, New South Wales, Australia
World's Largest Bowl, Lake Cathie World's Largest Guitar, Tamworth World's Largest Oyster, Taree World's Largest Blade of Grass, Vacy, New South Wales World's Largest Bicycle Chullora, New South Wales World's Largest Potato, Robertson Biggest sundial in the southern hemisphere Singleton, New South Wales
Northern Territory[edit]
Largest boxing crocodile at Humpty Doo, Northern Territory
Queensland[edit]
World's Largest Pineapple, Nambour
South Australia[edit]
World's Largest Orange, Berri, South Australia World's Largest Rocking Horse, Gumeracha, South Australia World's Largest Lobster, Kingston SE, South Australia World's larges geoglyph, "Marree Man" South Australia
[1]
Canada[edit]
Alberta[edit]
The Giants of the Prairies World's Largest mushrooms, Vilna (a metal sculpture) World's Largest Perogy (Ukrainian dumpling), Glendon World's Largest Piggy bank, Coleman World's Largest Kubasa (Ukrainian garlic sausage), Mundare World's Largest Pysanka (Ukrainian easter egg), Vegreville
World's Largest Pysanka, Vegreville, Alberta.
World's Largest UFO Landing Pad, St. Paul World's Largest Duck, Andrew World's Largest Dinosaur, Drumheller World's Largest Baseball Bat, Edmonton World's Largest Cowboy Boot, Edmonton World's Largest Badminton Racquet, St. Albert World's Largest Golf Club, Bow Island World's Largest Weathervane, Westlock World's Largest Starship Enterprise, Vulcan Worlds Largest Golf Tee, Trochu World's Largest Tepee, Medicine Hat, Alberta
British Columbia[edit]
Former World's Largest Truck, Sparwood World's Largest Cross-Country Skis 100 Mile House World's Tallest Totem Pole, Alert Bay World's Largest Hockey Stick, Duncan World's Largest Wind Chimes, Kaslo World's Largest Standing Cuckoo Clock,
[citation needed]
Kimberley
World's Largest Fly Fishing Rod, Houston, British Columbia World's Largest Rosary, Metchosin
World's Largest Tree Crusher Mackenzie
Nova Scotia[edit]
World's Largest Fiddle, Sydney Life-size replica of a Mastodon, Stewiacke
Manitoba[edit]
World's Largest Mosquito, Komarno World's Largest Moose, Riverton World's Largest Catfish, Selkirk
Ontario[edit]
Big Apple, Colborne Big Nickel, Sudbury, listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the world's largest coin Dragon skull 22 feet long by 11 feet high (Ontario), listed on worlds largest attractions
Quebec[edit]
Gibeau Orange Julep, Montreal, Quebec
Saskatchewan[edit]
World's Largest Bread and Salt welcoming, Canora World's Largest Lily, Parkside World's Largest tomahawk, Cut Knife World's Largest Bunnock, Macklin
World's largest axe
New Brunswick[edit]
World's Largest Axe, Nackawic
World's Largest Lobster, Shediac World's Largest Maple Leaf, Millville World's Largest Fiddleheads, Plaster Rock World's Longest Covered Bridge, Hartland World's largest Atlantic Salmon, Campbellton
India[edit]
Largest bull temple, Basavanagudi, Bangalore, India World's Largest Sundial, Jaipur, India
[2]
New Zealand[edit]
See also: New Zealand's big things World's Largest Bottle of L&P, Paeroa World's Largest Carrot, Ohakune World's Largest Crayfish, Kaikoura World's Largest Kiwifruit, Te Puke World's Largest Salmon, Rakaia World's Largest Sandfly, Greymouth World's Largest Trout, Gore
United States of America[edit]

Alabama[edit]
Built in 1924, The Bottle, also known as the Nehi Inn, was one of the first "world's largest" roadside attractions. Despite the attraction itself being destroyed by fire in 1933, the community of The Bottle,Alabama still bears the name of its famous attraction.
World's Largest Office Chair, 625 Noble St, Anniston, Alabama 36201, USA
World's Largest Hog, Dothan, Alabama, USA
World's Largest Boll Weevil, Enterprise, Alabama, USA World's Largest Brick, Montgomery, Alabama, USA World's Largest Catfish, Troy, Alabama, USA World's Largest Soda Bottle (Destroyed), The Bottle, Alabama, USA
Alaska[edit]
World's Largest Santa Claus, North Pole, Alaska, USA World's Largest Chocolate Waterfall, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
Arizona[edit]
World's Largest Cow Skull, Amado, Arizona, USA World's Largest Kokopelli, Camp Verde, Arizona, USA World's Largest Kachina, Carefree, Arizona, USA World's Largest Map of Old Route 66, Meteor City, Arizona, USA
Arkansas[edit]
World's Largest Spinach Can, Alma, Arkansas, USA World's Largest King Kong, Beaver, Arkansas, USA World's Largest Razorback, Berryville, Arkansas, USA World's Largest Charcoal Grill, Magnolia, Arkansas, USA World's Largest Raven, Ravenden, Arkansas, USA World's Largest Tuned Musical Windchime, Eureka Springs, Arkansas, USA
California[edit]
World's Largest Thermometer, Baker, California, USA World's Largest Dinosaurs, Cabazon, California, USA World's Largest Artichoke, Castroville, California, USA World's Largest Yoyo, Chico, California, USA World's Largest Hammer Eureka, California, USA World's Largest Hamster Wheel, Point Loma, California, USA World's Largest Monk, Hillsborough, California, USA World's Largest Tortoise, Joshua Tree, California, USA World's Largest Raisin Box, Kingsburg, California, USA World's Largest Swedish Coffeepot, Kingsburg, California, USA
World's Largest Paul Bunyan & Babe Blue Ox, Klamath, California, USA
World's Largest Paper Cup, Riverside, California, USA World's Largest Blooming Vine, Sierra Madre, California, USA World's Largest Donut, Inglewood, California, USA
Colorado[edit]
World's Largest Fork, Creede, Colorado, USA
[3]
Florida[edit]
World's 2nd Largest McDonald's, Orlando, Florida, USA World's Largest's Bowling Pin, Tampa, Florida, USA World's Largest Cross, Orlando, Florida, USA - 199 ft
Georgia[edit]
World's Largest Chicken, Marietta, Georgia, USA World's Largest Peanut, Ashburn, Georgia, USA
Illinois[edit]
World's Largest Ketchup Bottle, Collinsville, Illinois, USA World's Largest Abraham Lincoln Statue, Charleston, Illinois, USA World's Largest Laundromat, Berwyn, Illinois, USA
Indiana[edit]
"Old Ben"
World's Largest Egg Mentone, Indiana USA World's Largest Ball of Paint Alexandria, Indiana USA World's Largest Sycamore Stump Kokomo, Indiana USA World's Largest Preserved Steer ("Old Ben") Kokomo, Indiana USA World's Largest Clock
[citation needed]
Clarksville, Indiana USA
World's Largest Fake Nose and Glasses Michigan City, Indiana USA
Iowa[edit]
Iowa's Largest Frying Pan, Brandon Worlds Largest popcorn ball, Sac City World's Largest Concrete Gnome, Reiman Gardens, Ames World's Largest Truck Stop, Walcott World's Largest Bullhead, Crystal Lake
Kansas[edit]
World's Largest Ball of Twine, Cawker City, Kansas, USA World's Largest Collection of World's Smallest Versions of World's Largest..., Lucas, Kansas World's Largest Easel, Goodland, Kansas World's Largest "Gas Kan" Water Tower, Gas, Kansas World's Largest Hairball, Garden City, Kansas World's Largest Hand Dug Well, Greensburg, Kansas World's Largest Spur, Abilene, Kansas World's Largest Prairie Dog Oakley, Kansas
Kentucky[edit]
World's Largest Baseball Bat, Louisville
Louisiana[edit]
World's Largest Cross, Louisiana, USA - 199 ft World's Largest Tourist in New Orleans, Pittsburg, Kansas, USA
Maine[edit]
World's Largest Revolving and Rotating Globe, USA
[4]
Falmouth, Maine,
Maryland[edit]
World's Largest Pencil, Glen Burnie, Maryland, USA
Massachusetts[edit]
World's Largest Clam Box, Ipswich, Massachusetts, USA
Michigan[edit]
World's Largest Tire, Allen Park, Michigan, USA World's Largest Cherry Pie,
[5]
Traverse City, Michigan, USA
[6]
Former World's Largest Cherry Pie, Charleviox, Michigan World's Largest Picnic Table, Olive, Michigan
[8][9]
[7]
World's Largest Musical Fountain, Grand Haven, Michigan
North Saint Paul, MN
Rockville, MN
World's Largest Working Rifle,Ishpeming, Michigan
[10] [11]
World's Largest Running Chain Saw, Ishpeming, Michigan World's Largest Weathervane, Montague, Michigan World's Largest Crucifix, Indian River, Michigan World's Largest Lugnut, Lansing, Michigan
[14] [15] [13] [12]
World's Largest Indian, Ironwood, Michigan
Minnesota[edit]
World's Largest Snowman, North St. Paul, Minnesota World's Largest Fish, Rockville, Minnesota World's Largest Prairie Chicken, Rothsay, Minnesota World's Largest Pelican, Pelican Rapids, Minnesota World's Largest Turkey, Frazee, Minnesota World's Largest Loon, Vergas, Minnesota World's Largest Tiger Muskie, Nevis, Minnesota World's Largest Walleye, Baudette
World's Largest Jolly Green Giant, Blue Earth, Minnesota World's Largest Boot, Red Wing, Minnesota World's Largest Ball of Twine (by one man), Darwin, Minnesota
Missouri[edit]
World's Largest Goose, Sumner, Missouri, USA World's Largest Pecan, Brunswick, Missouri, USA World's Largest Rocking Chair, Fanning, Missouri, USA World's Largest Underground Business Complex, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Nebraska[edit]
World's Largest Porch Swing, Hebron, Nebraska, USA World's Largest Railroad Yard Bailey Yard, North Platte, Nebraska, USA Nebraska's Largest Carrot, West Point, NE. USA 11.3 lbs 16in. long. Owner. Deb Miserez
New Mexico[edit]
World's Largest Pistachio, Alamogordo, New Mexico, USA
New York[edit]
World's Largest Kaleidoscope, Mount Tremper, New York, USA
North Carolina[edit]
World's Largest Bureaus, High Point, NC, USA World's Largest Duncan Phyfe Chair Thomasville, NC, USA World's Largest Ten Commandments, Murphy, NC, USA World's Largest Frying Pan, Rose Hill, NC, USA World's Largest Strawberry, near Rockingham, NC, USA [1]
North Dakota[edit]
World's Largest Holstein Cow, New Salem, ND, USA World's Largest Buffalo, Jamestown, ND, USA World's Largest Scrap Tin Sculptures, Enchanted Highway, Gladstone, ND, USA
World's largest basket, Newark, OH
Ohio[edit]
Longaberger headquarters (basket-shaped building), Newark, Ohio World's Largest Apple Basket, Frazeysburg, Ohio World's Largest Cheese Wheel, Berlin, Ohio
[disambiguation needed]
World's Largest Rubber Ink Stamp, Cleveland, Ohio World's Largest Pumpkin, Circleville, Ohio World's Largest Pumpkin Pie, New Bremen, Ohio World's Largest Radio, Columbus, Ohio World's Largest Corn Field, Dublin, Ohio World's Largest Crystal Ball, Westerville, Ohio World's Largest Loaf of Bread, Urbana, Ohio World's Largest Cuckoo Clock,
[citation needed]
Wilmot, Ohio
World's Largest Horseshoe Crab Blanchester, Ohio World's Largest Gavel, Columbus, Ohio
Oklahoma[edit]
World's Largest Driller Statue, Tulsa World's Largest McDonald's, Vinita
Oregon[edit]
World's Largest Caveman, Grants Pass
[16]
Pennsylvania[edit]
World's Largest Yogi Bear, Cook Forest, Pennsylvania, USA World's Largest Shoe, Hellam, Pennsylvania, USA World's Largest Clothespin, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA World's Largest Split Button, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
World's Largest Paint Can, Interstate 83 between Harrisburg and York, Pennsylvania, USA
Rhode Island[edit]
World's Largest Blue Bug (a termite), Providence, Rhode Island, USA
South Carolina[edit]
World's Largest Peach, Gaffney, South Carolina, USA
South Dakota[edit]
World's Largest Drug Store - Wall Drug, Wall
Texas[edit]
World's Largest Caterpillar, Italy World's Largest Fire Hydrant, Beaumont World's Largest Pecan, Seguin World's Largest Rattlesnake, Freer World's Largest Roadrunner, Fort Stockton World's Largest Watermelon, Luling World's Largest Patio Chair, Dallas
Virginia[edit]
World's Largest Office Building - The Pentagon, Arlington World's Largest Chair - Grove Park Mission, Bassett World's Largest Star, Roanoke World's Largest Ham, Smithfield World's Largest Gorilla, Virginia Beach World's Largest Sea Serpent, Virginia Beach World's Largest Rollerskate, Warrenton World's Largest Apple, Winchester
Washington[edit]
World's Largest Clam - Squirting, Long Beach World's Largest Lava Lamp (proposed), Soap Lake World's Largest Paper Airplane, Mukilteo World's Largest Cowboy Hat & Boots, Seattle World's Largest Milk Bottle (maybe), Spokane
World's Largest Wagon, Spokane World's Largest Egg, Winlock
West Virginia[edit]
World's Largest Teapot, Chester
Wisconsin[edit]
The World's Largest Musky, at the National Freshwater Fishing Hall of Fame; Hayward, WI.
World's Largest Musky, Hayward, Wisconsin, USA World's Largest Man on a Bike, Sparta, Wisconsin, USA World's Largest Penny, Woodruff, Wisconsin, USA World's Largest Soup Kettle, Laona, Wisconsin, USA
Europe[edit]
France[edit]
Woinic the World's Largest Boar, autoroute A34 near Saulces-auxTournelles, France. Coordinates:493539N 43010E
[17]
Germany[edit]
World's Largest Coffee Pot, Selb, Germany
Ireland[edit]
World's Largest Booty, A. Haydon, Blackrock, Co. Dublin
Notes[edit]
1. Jump up^ "Marree Man". Australian Big Things. Retrieved 27 June 2010. 2. Jump up^ "Worlds Largest Sundial Google Sightseeing". Googlesightseeing.com. 2009-04-23. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
3.
Jump up^ By KSiddel. "Giant Fork; Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-20.
4.
Jump up^ http://www.delorme.com/about/eartha.aspx. Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.
Jump up^ "Traverse City, MI - World's Largest Cherry Pie Pan". www.roadsideamerica.com. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
6.
Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "World's Largest Pie Pan | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-0813.
7.
Jump up^ "Former Worlds Largest Cherry Pie Pan | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
8.
Jump up^ "Holland, MI - Michigan's Largest Picnic Table". Roadsideamerica.com. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
9.
Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "World's Largest Picnic Table | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 201208-13.
10. Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "Big Ernie | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 11. Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "Big Gus | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 12. Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "World's Largest Weathervane | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 13. Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "Cross in the Woods | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 14. Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "Worlds Largest Lugnut | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 15. Jump up^ By Kristina_5 No real name given + Add Contact. "Worlds Tallest Indian | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 16. Jump up^ "Grants Pass Caveman, Grants Pass, Oregon". Roadsideamerica.com. Retrieved 2012-08-13. 17. Jump up^ "WOINIC.fr". Retrieved 27 August 2012.
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List of largest empires

An empire involves the extension of a state's sovereignty over external territories and a variety of different ethnic groups. The term "empire" does not have a precise definition, but is generally applied to political entities that are considered to be especially large by the standards of their time and that have acquired a significant part of their territory by conquest. For example, first the Spanish Empire and then the British Empire were called "the empires on which the sun never sets", because of their vast territories and possessions around the globe. This article provides a list of the largest empires in world history, but the list is not and cannot be definitive, since the decision about which entities to consider as "empires" is difficult and fraught with controversy. There are various notions of size that can be used to rank empires. For each of these notions, only estimates can be given in the case of most historical empires. Furthermore, there is usually no clear consensus among historians regarding the best estimate if only because there is often no unambiguous information about an empire's historical boundaries or population. Thus, the values given here should generally be interpreted as being only indicative and not as determining an accurate ranking.
Contents [hide]
1 Measurement 2 Debates regarding definition of imperial domains 3 European colonial empires 4 Largest empires by land area and population
o o
4.1 All empires at their greatest extent 4.2 Maps
4.2.1 Ancient empires 4.2.2 Medieval empires 4.2.3 Modern empires
5 Largest empires by economy
5.1 GDP size
6 See also 7 Notes and references 8 Bibliography 9 External links
Measurement[edit]
The calculation of the land area of a particular empire is controversial. In general, the list centers on the side of including any land area that was explored and explicitly claimed, even if the areas were populated very sparsely or not at all. For example, a large portion of Northern Siberia is included in
the size of the Russian Empire but not theMongol Empire. The Mongol Empire's northern border was somewhat ill-defined, but in most places it was simply the natural border between the steppe and the taiga. At the time the majority of the taiga and tundra were unexplored and uninhabited, and the Mongol Empire did not claim them as its own. This area was only very sparsely populated by the Russian Empire, but it had been explicitly claimed by the Russian Empire by the 17th century, and its extent had been entirely explored by the late 19th century. Similarly, the northernmost Canadian islands such as Ellesmere Island were explored and claimed by the British Empire by the mid-19th century (virtually the entire mainland was at least sparsely populated well before that). Due to the historical trend of increasing population and GDP, the most recent empires tend to score highest in these categories, so the list of largest empires by population or GDP is highly dependent on which recent political entities are defined as empires. The measures of population and GDP as a percentage of the world total can be used to compensate for this historical growth and ensure that each empire is judged by the standards of its own time. However, decent GDP data is only available for the last few centuries, and accurate data only for the last few decades.
Debates regarding definition of imperial domains[edit]

This article is written like a personal reflection or opinion essay rather than an encyclopedic description of the subject. Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style. (June 2011) This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2013)
Compilations of history's largest empires (in both geographical size and population) often vary due to differing definitions of imperial borders throughout history and across distinct historical traditions. Imperial domains have been variously defined in terms of direct administrative rule from a common ruling authority, military presence, colonization and settlement, collection of tribute, economic dependence, or even incorporation into a common trading or ideological network. Many imperial domains have therefore enjoyed varying degrees of autonomy, self-rule, or even outright independence (though sometimes with a dependent or protectorate relationship to a stronger power). Some regions claimed by an imperial authority have been large, yet arid and very sparsely populated lands without much administrative control whatsoever. Therefore, empires can vary in size according to these designations, often quite significantly. For example in India, which experienced varying levels of European contact and imperial forays since Vasco da Gama's expeditions in 1497-1498, French, Dutch, Portuguese and especially British authorities claimed authority over increasing portions of the Indian Subcontinent. This process culminated in the period of the British Raj (and its smaller French and Portuguese counterparts) after 1857. Nevertheless, even then approximately half of Indian territory consisted of Princely States under de facto and de jure rule of local rajas and maharajas. While the Indian princes often sought protection and mediation from the European maritime powers, they minted their own coins,
issued their own edicts, and otherwise ruled of their own accord; furthermore, the Indian independence Act, which ended the British presence by 1948, did not apply to the Princely States, which required separate negotiations with the new Indian nation as independent states in themselves. Thus, although many European maps showed nearly the whole of India as a predominantly British colony in the late 19th century, close to 50% was functionally independent. Another issue is that many of history's empires have ruled over vast and mostly uninhabited territorial expanses, sparsely populated by largely autonomous tribes, and with little in the way of direct administration or settlement by an imperial power. For example, various Mongol khanates from the 13th century established dominion over arid steppesin Central Asia and Siberia that were difficult to control from a central authority, as was the case with the expansionist Tsardom of Russia empires from the 17th century, which established control in the same regions. In both cases, administrative structures and settlements were gradually introduced into the regions with Russian settlers, for example, initiating forts and frontier cities in the 19th century in particular and so the size of each empire in any given decade would depend on how strict one's criteria are in regard to the presence of true settlement and administration. Likewise, in more recent history, almost half the land expanse that is often regarded as part of the British Empire consisted of essentially barren and uninhabitable terrain in Canada and the interior of Australia, which was often difficult to even map, let alone settle and administer. Even today, the population of those regions (particularly in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories of Canada) consists largely of sparse settlements of self-governing indigenous peoples, with little in the way of submission to a central ruling authority. During the Muslim conquests of the 7th and early 8th centuries, Rashidun armies established the Caliphate, or Islamic Empire, one of the largest empires ever. The 7th century saw the introduction of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula, where Muhammad established a new unified political polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequentRashidun and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Arab power well beyond the Arabian peninsula in the form of a vast Muslim Arab Empire with an area of influence that stretched from northwest India, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, southern Italy, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. However, internal feuding among ruling figures in the empire led it to fragment into several states under separate administrations, such as the Umayyads (whose rule continued in Spain after it collapsed elsewhere), Abbasids, Ayyubids, Mamluks and many others. These were in addition to a variety of other Muslim states in Sudan, Indonesia and elsewhere that later arose outside of the main Islamic Empires, through trade and other contacts. Thus, the size of these empires vary depending on how "membership" in the empire is definedas being under a single administration, accepting a particular ruler or following the dictates of the Caliph (which technically, Sunni Muslims in general were expected to do). Similarly, the Mongol Empire lost its unity upon the death of the Great Khan Mngke during fighting in China in 1259, with the Golden Horde's Berke Khan and the Ilkhanate'sHulagu Khan even taking up
arms against each other and supporting rival factions for selection of the Great Khan. However, upon the death of Berkea Muslimthe religious impetus for conflict among the khanates subsided, with the Mongols again supposedly loyal to the new Great Khan Kublai before fragmenting yet again later. If the khanates are considered to have been a unified Mongol Empire under Kublaistretching from Korea and China in the east through Siberia and Central Asia and into Persia and Eastern Europe in the westit would easily be the world's largest in terms of both land area and population (as a percentage of the world total). A related question arises with the granting of dominion and commonwealth statuses among former imperial domains, in which the domains acquire a high degree of self-rule, equivalent to independence in some estimations. For example, the Australian colonies, which federated in 1901, attained dominion status in 1907, which may or may not have indicated a departure from the British Empire, depending on interpretation of the status. Finally, many of history's empires have had unusual arrangements among multiple powers, such as joint rule by several authorities, layers of rule (with different powers assuming different levels of administrative authority), territorial division with blurred boundaries or other forms of empire without a single obvious central authority. For example, the Manchus, who established the Qing Dynasty in 17th-century China, also conquered nomadic lands to the north, including Mongolia. The Manchus increasingly merged with the Chinese population over the centuries, so that the administration took on both Manchu and Chinese features with no clear division among them. The Mongol chieftains ofOuter Mongolia in particular, pledged loyalty to the Manchus but retained substantial autonomy, and when the Qing Dynasty collapsed in the early 20th century, the status of Outer Mongolia relative to the new Chinese state became unclear. Lastly, there is the opposite case of a nation being nominally independent but under de facto control of another power. Britain had a very complicated arrangement with Egypt and Sudan. Egyptian forces battled the British in the Alexandria Expedition in 1807, but in the wake of this, British officials exerted varying degrees of sway in Egypt especially by the late 19th century, with the French also assuming a role in the Suez Canal territory. Sudan, in turn, was technically a colony of the Egyptians, but the British exerted de facto sway on Sudan indirectly via Egypt. Thus, accounts vary on the imperial status (or lack thereof) of both Egypt and Sudan. In the wake of the Bolshevik Revolution, many nations took on a Communist character and attached themselves to the global Communist center of the Soviet Union. Mongolia, North Korea, and China following Communist victory in the Chinese civil war, all took guidance from the Soviet Union especially in the years just after their Communist transformations. The Soviet Union also exercised varying control over Eastern Europe via the Warsaw Pact even though the Pact countries were formally independent, while Communist nations in Africa and Latin America also sought Soviet guidance. Therefore, the lists of largest empires below represent merely a sample of possible rankings depending on the specific criteria used to define an empire.
European colonial empires[edit]
The first global empires were a product of the European Age of Exploration that began with a race of exploration between the then most advanced maritime powers, Portugal and Spain, in the 15th century. The initial impulse behind these maritime empires and those that followed was trade, driven by the new ideas and the capitalism that grew out of the European Renaissance. Agreements were also reached to divide the world up between them in 1479, 1493, and 1494. Portugal began establishing the first global trade network and empire under the leadership of Henry the Navigator. Portugal would eventually establish colonial domains fromBrazil, in South America, to several colonies in Africa (namely Portuguese Guinea, Portuguese Cape Verde, Portuguese So Tom and Prncipe, Portuguese Angola andPortuguese Mozambique), in Portuguese India (most importantly Bombay and Goa), in China (Macau), and Oceania (most importantly Timor, namely Portuguese Timor), amongst many other smaller or short-lived possessions (see Evolution of the Portuguese Empire). During its peak, the Spanish Empire had possession of the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Italy, parts of Germany, parts of France, and many colonies in the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania. With the conquest of inland Mexico, Peru, and the Philippines in the 16th century, Spain established overseas dominions on a scale and world distribution that had never been approached by its predecessors (the Mongol Empire had been larger but was restricted to Eurasia). Possessions in Europe, Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, the Americas, the Pacific Ocean, and the Far East qualified the Spanish Empire as attaining a global presence in this sense. In 1580, Philip II of Spain inherited the vacant Portuguese throne and became Philip I of Portugal. The Spanish Empire was at it greatest extent at that time, including most of the Americas, Italy, The Seventeen Provinces, and smaller regions of Europe, Asia and Africa. The Portuguese Empire, also significant, included Brazil and the Portuguese colonies in Africa and Asia. Even though the empires continued to be administered separately, this so-called "union of crowns" resulted in one of the largest empires of all time, and the saying "the sun never sets..." was used for the first time. The Iberian Union lasted until 1640 when Portugal restored a Portuguese king to the throne. Subsequent global empires included the French, Dutch, and British empires. The latter, consolidated during the period of British maritime hegemony in the 19th century, became the largest of all empires by virtue of the improved transportation technologies of the time. At its height, the British Empire covered a quarter of the Earth's land area and comprised one fifth of its population. Germany and Italy were unified later than the other major European countries and so they joined other European powers in establishing colonies overseas only during the "Scramble for Africa" in the 19th century. By the 1860s, the Russian Empire continued as the Soviet Union became the largest contiguous state in the world. Present-day Russia continues this distinction, despite having lost its Soviet periphery (Russia today includes slightly over half the world's longitudes).
Anachronous map of thePortuguese Empire
Anachronous map of theSpanish Empire
Anachronous map of theDutch Empire
Anachronous map of theBritish Empire
Anachronous map of theFrench Empire
Map of the German Empirein 1914
Map of the Italian Colonial Empire in 1939
A map of the Russian Empire
Territories which have been, at some point of time, a colony of a European entity (dark blue) or under European sphere of influence (light blue).
Largest empires by land area and population[edit]

For context, note that the total land area of the Earth is 148,940,000 km (57,500,000 sq mi).
2 [1]
All empires at their greatest extent[edit]

This list contains at least one incomplete section; you can help by expanding it.
Max. land area (million km2) Max. land area (million mi2) % of world land area
Empire
Era
Max. population (million)
% of world population
British Empire
33.7
[2]
13.01
22.63%
1922
[2]
458.0 (in 1938)[3]
20.00% (458 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)[3]
Mongol Empire
33.0
[4][5][6]
12.74
22.15%
1279
[4]
110.0 (in the 13th century)[7]
25.60% (110.0 million out of 429 million[8] in the 13th century)
Empire
Max. land area (million km2)
Max. land area (million mi2)
% of world land area
Era
Russian Empire
22.8
[9][10]
8.80
15.31%
1866
176.4 in 1913
9.80% (176.4 million out of 1.791 billion[11] in 1913)
Spanish Empire
19.4
[9][10][12]
7.50
13.04%
1740 1790(approx.)[13]
68.2
[14]
12.30% (68.2 million out of 556 million[11] in the 17th century)
Umayyad Caliphate
15.0
[15]
5.79
10.07%
661750
28.80% (62.0 62.0 (in the 7th million out of century) 208 million in the 7th century)
Qing Dynasty
14.7
5.68
9.87%
1759
[4][16]
432.2 in 1851.[17]
36.60% (381.0 million out of 1.041 billion in 1820)[11]
Yuan Dynasty
14.0
5.41
9.40%
1310
[16]
59.8 in 1291.[18][19]
17.10% (59.8 million out of 350 million in 1290)
French Colonial Empire
13.0
5.02
8.73%
1938
[13]
112.9 in 1938
5.10% (112.9 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)
Abbasid Caliphate 11.1
4.29
7.45%
7501258
[16]
44.0 (in 850)
20.00% (50.0 million out of 250 million in 850)[11]
Portuguese Empire
10.4
4.02
6.98%
1815[13]
Rashidun
9.0
3.48
6.04%
654[16][20]
40.3
19.10% (40.3 million out of
Empire
Era
Caliphate
210 million in 7th century)
Empire of Brazil
8.5
3.28
5.71%
1880
9.9 (in 1872)[21]
Achaemenid Empire(Persia)
8.0
3.08
5.36%
500 BC
[22]
50.0 (in 480 BC)[23]
44.48% (50 million out of 112.4 million in 480 BC)[24]
Japanese Empire
7.4
2.86
4.97%
1942
[13]
134.8 in 1938
5.90% (134.8 million out of 2.295 billion[11] in 1938)
Sassanid Empire(Persia)
6.6
2.55
4.44%
621[4]
38.00% (80.0 million out of 80.0 (in the 7th 210 million[25] in century AD) the 7th century AD)
Ming Dynasty
6.5
2.51
4.36%
1450
[4][16]
110.0 in 1600.[26][27]
28.80% (160.0 million out of 556.2 million in 1600)[11]
Roman Empire
6.5
2.51
4.36%
117
[28]
21.00% (40 65.0 to 88.0 (in million out of 2nd century 190 million in [29][30][31] AD) A.D. 200[22]
Han Dynasty
6.5
2.51
4.36%
100
[32]
74.0 in 2
[18][33]
26.00% (59.6 million out of 230 million[11] in 2 AD)
Nazi Germany
6.4
2.47
4.30%
1942
75.4 million in 1938
3.29% (75.4 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938[citation needed])
Empire
Era
Gktrk Khaganate
6.0
2.32
4.03%
557[4][32]
Mauryan Empire
6.0
4.03%
250 BC[4]
68.0 in the 2nd century BC
43.30% (68.0 million out of 150 million in the 2nd century BC[34])
Golden Horde Khanate
6.0
2.32
4.03%
1310[4][16]
Tang Dynasty
5.2
2.01
3.49%
715[4][16]
38.09% (80.0 million out of 80.0 (in the 8th 210 million in the century) 8th century AD)[22]
Macedonian Empire
5.2
2.01
3.49%
323 BC[4][35]
Ottoman Empire
5.2
2.01
3.49%
1683
[4][16]
39.0 (in the 17th century)
7.10% (39.0 million out of 556 million[11]in the 17th century)
Mughal Empire
5.0
1.93
2.69%
1690
[4][16]
175.0 in 1700
29.20% (175.0 million out of 600 million[36] in 1700)
Northern Yuan Dynasty, Mongolia
5.0
1.93
3.36%
1550[16]
First Mexican Empire
4.9
1.89
3.29%
1822[citation needed]
Empire
Era
Xin Dynasty
4.70
1.82
3.16%
10[32]
Tibetan Empire
4.6
1.78
3.09%
800[16][37]
25.0
8.333%
Pala Empire
4.6
1.78
3.09%
850
Timurid Empire
4.4
1.70
2.95%
1405[4][16]
Fatimid Caliphate 4.1
1.58
2.75%
969[4][16]
Xiongnu Empire
4.03
1.56
2.71%
176 BC[38]
Hunnic Empire
4.0
1.54
2.69%
441[32]
Hephthalite Empire
4.0
1.54
2.69%
490[32]
Eastern Turks Khanate
4.0
1.54
2.69%
624[32]
Western Turks Khanate
4.0
1.54
2.69%
630[32]
Rouran Khaganate Juanjuan
4.0
1.54
2.69%
405[4][32]
Great Seljuq Empire
3.9
1.51
2.62%
1080[4][16]
Empire
Era
Italian Empire
3.8
1.47
2.55%
1940
[citation needed]
51.9 in 1938
Kushan Empire
3.8
1.47
2.55%
200
[32]
Ilkhanate
3.75
1.45
2.52%
1310[4][16]
Dutch Empire
3.7
1.43
2.48%
1940
[citation needed]
60.0 in 1940.
Chola Empire
3.6
1.39
2.42%
1050[39][40]
Khwarazmian Empire
3.6
1.39
2.42%
1218[16]
Chagatai Khanate 3.5
1.35
2.35%
1310 or 1350[4][16]
Gupta Empire
3.5
1.05
3.9%
400
[4]
26.36% (58.0 million out of 220 million in 400 AD)[3]
Safavid Dynasty(Persia)
3.5
1.35
2.35%
German Colonial Empire
3.5
1.35
2.35%
1914
[citation needed]
64.9 in 1914
Empire
Era
Western Jin Dynasty
3.5
1.35
2.35%
300[32]
48.0 in 1195.[18][41]
Shaybanid Uzbek 3.5 Dynasty
1.35
2.35%
1510[16]
Byzantine Empire 3.5
1.35
2.35%
555[32]
Northern Song Dynasty
3.5
1.35
2.35%
1100
[4][16]
123.0 in 1103[18][42]
Ghaznavid Empire(Persia)
3.4
1.31
2.28%
1029[4][16]
Almoravid 3.3 dynasty,Morocco
1.27
2.22%
1147[16]
Tughlaq Dynasty
3.2
1.24
2.15%
1320
[16]
Ghurids Sultanate 3.2
1.24
2.15%
1200[16]
Parthian Empire(Persia)
3.1
1.08
1.88%
1[4][35]
Median Empire (Persia)
3.1
1.08
1.88%
585 BC[4][35]
Sui Dynasty
3.1
1.20
2.08%
610[16]
53.0 in 606[18][43]
Empire
Era
Uyghur Khaganate
3.1
1.20
2.08%
800[4][16]
Seleucid Empire
3.0
1.51
2.62%
301 BC[4][35]
Armenian Empire 3.0
1.51
2.62%
301 BC[4][35]
Khazar Khanate
3.0
1.16
2.01%
850[4]
Kalmar Union
3.0
1.16
2.01%
Afsharid Dynasty 3.0
1.16
2.01%
Kara-Khanid Khanate
3.0
1.16
2.01%
1025[16]
Qajar Dynasty
3.0
1.16
2.01%
Danish colonial empire
3.0
1.16
2.01%
Grand Duchy of Moscow
3.0
1.16
2.01%
Samanid Dynasty 2.85
1.10
1.91%
928[4][16]
Maratha Empire
2.8
0.97
1.68%
1760[4]
Qin Dynasty
2.8
1.08
1.88%
206 BC[32]
Eastern Jin
2.8
1.08
1.88%
347[32]
Empire
Era
Dynasty
Liu Song Dynasty 2.8
1.08
1.88%
420[32]
Khilji Dynasty
2.7
1.04
1.81%
1312 or 1320[4][16]
Majapahit Empire 2.7
1.04
1.81%
1389[32]
Liao Dynasty
2.6
1.00
1.75%
947[4][16]
Indo-Greek 2.5 Yavana Kingdom
0.97
1.68%
150 BC[32]
Bactrian Empire
2.5
0.97
1.68%
184[32]
Later Zhao Dynasty
2.5
0.97
1.68%
329[32]
Belgian Empire
2.5
0.97
1.68%
Kara-Khitan Khanate Western Liao
2.5
0.97
1.68%
1210[4]
Hotaki Empire
2.5
0.97
1.68%
Jurchen Jn Dynasty
2.3
0.89
1.54%
1126[4][16]
Southern Qi Dynasty
2.3
0.89
1.54%
502[32]
Empire
Era
Southern Song Dynasty
2.1
0.81
1.41%
1127[16]
73.0 in 1193.[18][44]
Bahriyya Mamluks
2.1
0.81
1.41%
1300[16]
Burjiyya Mamluks
2.1
0.81
1.41%
1400[4]
First French Empire
2.1
0.81
1.41%
1813[16]
Kievan Rus'
2.1
0.81
1.41%
1000[4][16]
Ayyubid Caliphate
2.0
1.04
0.77%
1190[4]
Durrani Empire
2.0
0.77
1.34%
1757[45]
Wei Dynasty
2.0
0.77
1.34%
263[32]
Earlier Zhao Dynasty
2.0
0.77
1.34%
316[32]
64 in 156[18][46]
Former Qin Dynasty
2.0
0.77
1.34%
376[32]
Western Roman Empire
2.0
0.77
1.34%
395[32]
Northern Wei Dynasty
2.0
0.77
1.34%
450[32]
Empire
Era
Saffarid dynasty
2.0
0.77
1.34%
Almohad 2.0 dynasty,Morocco
0.77
1.34%
1200[4]
Satavahana Empire
2.0
0.77
1.34%
90[32]
Inca Empire
2.0
0.77
1.34%
1527[4][16]
Second Mexican Empire
2.0
0.77
1.34%
1864
Gurjara Pratihara
1.8
0.69
1.21%
860[16]
Sibir Khanate
1.8
0.69
1.21%
1520[16]
Rashtrakuta Dynasty
1.7
0.66
1.41%
Buyid Sultanate
1.6
0.62
1.07%
980[4][16]
Mamluk Sultanate 1.6
0.62
1.07%
1228[16]
Indo-Parthian Kingdom
1.5
0.58
1.01%
50[32]
Wu Dynasty
1.5
0.58
1.01%
221[32]
Northern Zhou Dynasty
1.5
0.58
1.01%
577[32]
Empire
Era
Nanda Dynasty
1.5
0.58
1.01%
350 BC or321[32][47]
Indo-Scythian Kingdom
1.5
0.58
1.01%
100 BC[35]
Tulunids Emirate 1.5
0.58
1.01%
900[32]
Idrisid dynasty, Morocco
1.5
0.58
1.01%
828[4]
Sur Empire
1.5
0.58
1.01%
1545[4][16]
Neo-Assyrian Empire
1.4
0.54
0.940%
670 BC[4][35]
Songhai Empire
1.4
0.54
0.940%
1500[48]
Empire of Harsha 1.35
0.52
0.906%
625 or 648[4][16]
Liang Dynasty
1.3
0.50
0.873%
502 or 549[4][32]
Western Wei Dynasty
1.3
0.50
0.873%
557[32]
Later Liang Dynasty
1.3
0.50
0.873%
923[16]
Later Tang Dynasty
1.3
0.50
0.873%
923[16]
Mali Empire
1.29
0.50
0.866%
1312[49]
10.00% (45.0 million out of 450 million[50] in the mid-15th
Empire
Era
century)
Siam Empire
1.29
0.50
0.866%
Shang Dynasty
1.25
0.48
0.839%
1122 BC[4][35]
Western Zhou Dynasty
1.25
0.48
0.839%
1122 BC[35]
Aksumite Empire 1.25
0.48
0.839%
350[4]
Khmer Empire
1.2
0.46
0.806%
1150[4][16]
4.0 in 1150
1.333%
Carolingian Dynasty, Francia
1.2
0.46
0.806%
814[4][16]
Srivijaya Empire
1.2
0.46
0.806%
1200[4]
Sunga Empire
1.2
0.46
0.806%
150 BC[4]
Kingdom of Kush 1.2
0.46
0.806%
700 BC[4]
Chalukya Dynasty 1.1
0.42
0.739%
Swedish Empire
1.1
0.42
0.739%
Lodhi Dynasty
1.1
0.42
0.739%
Polish-Lithuanian 1.0[51] Empire
0.39
0.671%
1619[52]
ca. 12.0 (in 1619)
2.07% to 02.41% (avg. 02.2%)[53]
Empire
Era
Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt
1.0
0.39
0.671%
1450 BC[35]
New Kingdom
1.0
0.39
0.671%
1300 BC[4][35]
Ptolemaic Dynasty
1.0
0.39
0.671%
301 BC[35]
Eastern Wei Dynasty
1.0
0.39
0.671%
550[32]
Northern Qi Dynasty
1.0
0.39
0.671%
550[32]
Tahirid dynasty
1.0
0.39
0.671%
800[16]
Kalachuri Dynasty
1.0
0.39
0.671%
1050[4][16]
Holy Roman Empire
1.0
0.39
0.671%
1050[16]
Western Xia Dynasty
1.0
0.39
0.671%
1100[4]
Western Chalukya 1.0 Empire
0.39
0.671%
Avars Empire
1.0
0.39
0.671%
600[32]
Kanem Empire
1.0
0.39
0.671%
1200[16]
Empire
Era
Bruneian Empire
0.95
0.37
0.653%
1524[4][35]
MahaMeghavahana Dynasty
0.9
0.35
0.604%
10 BC[35]
Konbaung Dynasty, Burma
0.9
0.35
0.604%
Volga Bulgars Khanate
0.9
0.35
0.604%
1100[4][16]
Akkadian Empire 0.8
0.31
0.537%
2250 BC[35]
Later Jin Dynasty 0.8
0.31
0.537%
936[16]
Ghana Empire
0.8
0.31
0.537%
1067[32]
Pagan Kingdom
0.8
0.31
0.537%
1200[16]
Western Satraps Dynasty
0.8
0.31
0.537%
100[32]
Himyarite Kingdom
0.8
0.31
0.537%
400[35]
Balhae Kingdom
0.8
0.31
0.537%
830[4]
Khanate of Kazan 0.7
0.27
0.470%
1540[16]
Merovingian Dynasty, Francia
0.7
0.27
0.470%
558[16]
Empire
Era
Bulgarian Empire 0.7
0.27
0.470%
Shu Dynasty
0.7
0.27
0.470%
221[32]
Yadava Gauli Kingdom
0.7
0.27
0.470%
1250[16]
Paramara Dynasty 0.7
0.27
0.470%
1050[32]
Kingdom of Dali
0.7
0.27
0.470%
Vijayanagara Empire
0.7
0.27
0.470%
1529
[citation needed]
5.00% (25.0 million out of 500 million[11]in the 16th century)
Kingdom of Nanzhao
0.7
0.27
0.470%
830[16]
Austro-Hungarian 0.676615 Empire
0.26
0.454%
18671918
52.8 in 1914
Fifteenth dynasty 0.65 of Egypt
0.25
0.436%
1650 BC[35]
26th Dynasty of Egypt
0.65
0.25
0.436%
550 BC[35]
Vakataka Kingdom
0.65
0.25
0.436%
450[35]
Visigothic
0.6
0.23
0.403%
580[32]
Empire
Era
Kingdom
Caliphate of Crdoba
0.6
0.23
0.403%
1000[16]
Rai Dynasty
0.6
0.23
0.403%
675[32]
Maukhari 0.6 Kannauj Dynasty
0.23
0.403%
600[16]
Bahmani Sultanate
0.6
0.23
0.403%
1470[16]
Nizams Dynasty
0.6
0.23
0.403%
Sikh Empire
0.5609
0.22
0.377%
Middle Kingdom of Egypt
0.5
0.19
0.336%
1850 BC[35]
Lydian Empire
0.5
0.19
0.336%
585 BC[35]
Neo-Babylonian Empire
0.5
0.19
0.336%
562 BC[35]
Kosala Dynasty
0.5
0.19
0.336%
543 BC[32]
Shishunaga dynasty
0.5
0.19
0.336%
510 BC[32]
Chu Dynasty
0.5
0.19
0.336%
350 BC[32]
Empire
Era
Pandyan Dynasty, Tamizhan 0.5 kingdom
0.19
0.336%
Later Han Dynasty
0.5
0.19
0.336%
947[16]
Kangju Empire
0.5
0.19
0.336%
100 BC[32]
Ostrogothic Kingdom
0.5
0.19
0.336%
510[16]
Goguryeo Kingdom
0.45
0.17
0.302%
476[35]
Xia Dynasty
0.45
0.17
0.302%
1800 BC[35]
Polish Piast State 0.4
0.15
0.269%
1003[52][54]
ca. 2 (in 1003)[51][55]
0.58% to 0.79% (avg. 0.7%)[53]
Crimean Khanate 0.4
0.15
0.269%
1500[16]
Armenian Kingdom
0.4
0.15
0.269%
189 BC[32]
Old Kingdom of Egypt
0.4
0.15
0.269%
2400 BC[35]
Middle Kingdom of Assyria
0.4
0.15
0.269%
1080 BC[35]
Latin Empire
0.35
0.14
0.235%
1204[32]
Empire
Era
Mitanni Empire
0.3
0.12
0.201%
1450 BC[35]
Carthaginian Empire
0.3
0.12
0.201%
220 BC[35]
1st Dynasty, Babylon
0.25
0.10
0.168%
1690 BC[35]
Serbian Empire
0.25
0.10
0.168%
Aztec Empire
0.22
0.08
0.148%
1520[16]
Middle Elamite
0.2
0.08
0.134%
1160 BC[35]
2nd Dynasty, Isin 0.2
0.08
0.134%
1130 BC[35]
Urartu, or Kingdom of Ararat or Van
0.2
0.08
0.134%
800 BC[35]
Amorian Dynasty, 0.2 Byzantium
0.08
0.134%
750 BC[35]
Old Kingdom, Assyria
0.15
0.06
0.101%
1730 BC[35]
Eastern Zhou Dynasty
0.15
0.06
0.101%
770 BC[35]
David's Israelite Empire
c. 00.3 [56]
c. 00.12
c. 00.2%
970 BC
Maps[edit]
Ancient empires[edit]
Achaemenid Empire(Persian Empire) in 480 BC at its greatest extent.
Macedonian Empire at its greatest extent.
The Roman Empire at its peak in 117 AD
The Armenian Empire of Tigranes the Great in 83-69 AD
Maurya Empire at its greatest extent.
Medieval empires[edit]
Mongol Empire at its greatest extent.
The expansion of theCaliphate.
Expansion underMuhammad, 622-632
Expansion during theRashidun Caliphate, 632-661
Expansion during theUmayyad Caliphate, 661-750
Tang Dynasty greatest extent.
Sassanid Empire at its greatest extent.
Modern empires[edit]
British Empire at its greatest extent.
Russian Empire at its greatest extent.
Spanish Empire at its greatest extent.
Anachronous map of theDutch Empire
Map of the Italian Colonial Empire in 1939
All territories and spheres of influence ever held by theFrench Empire.
Map of the German Empirein 1914
Anachronous map of thePortuguese Empire.
Japanese empire at its greatest extent.
Ottoman Empire at its largest extent.
Largest empires by economy[edit]

GDP estimates in the following list are mostly given for empires in modern times, from the 18th to 20th centuries. All dollar amounts are in 1990 USD.
GDP size[edit]
This section's factual accuracy is disputed. (November 2009)
1. British Empire - $918.7 billion (in 1938)
[3] [3]
2. Nazi German Empire - $375.6 billion (in 1938) 3. Japanese Empire - $260.7 billion (in 1938) 4. Russian Empire - $257.7 billion (in 1917)
[3]
[11]
5. Qing Empire - $241.3 billion (GDP decline to 1912, immediately before its downfall)
[11] [3]
6. French Empire - $234.1 billion (in 1938)
7. Italian Empire - $143.4 billion (in 1938)
[3] [11]
8. Indian Empire (British Raj) - $134.9 billion (in 1870) 9. Afsharid Persian Empire - $119.85 billion (in 1740) 10. Austro-Hungarian Empire - $100.5 billion (in 1918)
[11]
[57] [11]
11. Mughal Empire - $90.8 billion (GDP decline in 1700) 12. Dutch Empire - $60 billion (in 1900) 13. Ottoman Empire - $26.4 billion (in 1923) 14. Empire of Brazil - $13.6 billion (in 1889)
[58]
[57] [57]
15. Portuguese Empire - $12.6 billion (in 1913)
See also[edit]
List of empires Historical powers List of historical countries and empires spanning more than one continent List of countries by area List of countries by GDP List of countries by population List of extinct states List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area European empires African empires The World Economy: Historical Statistics
[show]
V T E
A history of empires
Notes and references[edit]

1. 2. Jump up^ CIA - The World Factbook ^ Jump up to:
a b
Ferguson, Niall (2004). Empire, The rise and
demise of the British world order and the lessons for global power. Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-02328-2. 3. ^ Jump up to:
a b c d e f g h
Harrison (1998, pp. 3,7).
4.
^ Jump up to:
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al
aman ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be
Jonathan M. Adams,
Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires" (PDF).Journal of World-Systems Research (University of Connecticut). 12 (no. 2): 219229. 5. 6. Jump up^ Finlay. Pilgrim Art. p.151. Jump up^ Mongolia se encomienda a Gengis Jan (Spanish). El Pas 18.08.2007 (2007). Consultado el 19/06/2008. 7. Jump up^ The combined population of China and Korea in the 13th century was 83 in Biraben (2003
[page needed]
). The combined
population of Eastern Europe, Russia, Central Asia,Iran, Iraq and Turkey was about 27 in Maddison (2006 8.
[page needed]
).
Jump up^ Biraben, Jean-Noel; Biraben, Jean-Noel (197901). "Essai sur l'evolution du nombre des hommes". Population (French Edition) (Institut National d'&#201) 34 (1): 13 25.doi:10.2307/1531855.
9.
^ Jump up to:
a b
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/empires.htm
10. ^ Jump up to:

a b
http://www.johndclare.net/Empire/images/The%20British%2
0Empire.ppt 11. ^ Jump up to:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r
Maddison, op cit. For
alternate estimates, see the Economic History Services' USA/UK GDP search tool. 12. Jump up^ http://my.raex.com/~obsidian/earthrul.html 13. ^ Jump up to:
a b c d
Gordon (2005)
14. Jump up^ The combined population of Spain, Portugal, Italy, Netherlands, United States and the Philippines was 29.2 in Maddison (2006
[page needed]
). The population of Latin America was ), minus Brazil and its 4 people with
39 in Biraben (2003
[page needed]
was a part of the Portuguese empire. 15. Jump up^ Blankinship, Khalid Yahya (1994), The End of the Jihad State, the Reign of Hisham Ibn 'Abd-al Malik and the collapse of the Umayyads, State University of New York Press, p. 37, ISBN 0-7914-1827-8
16. ^ Jump up to:

aman ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk
Rein
Taagepera(September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly 41 (3): 475504. doi:10.1111/00208833.00053. 17. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons in 1851 is 432,164,047 according to Draft History of Qing. 18. ^ Jump up to:
a b c d e f g
(a) John D. Durand, 1960, "The
Population Statistics of China, A.D. 21953", Population Studies Vol. 13 (No. 3), 209256. (b) John D. Durand, 1974, "Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation", University of Pennsylvania, Population Center, Analytical and Technical Reports, Number 10. 19. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in 1290 are 58,834,711 and 13,196,206, respectively (History of Yuan), while recorded peak number of persons and households are 59,848,964 and 13,430,322 in 1291, respectively ( History of Yuan). 20. Jump up^ Rashidun Caliphate 21. Jump up^ IBGE Dados Histricos dos Censos 22. ^ Jump up to:
a b c
McEvedy and Jones (1978).
23. Jump up^ While estimates for the Achaemenid Empire range from 1080+ million, most prefer 40-50 million. Prevas (2009, p. 14) estimates 10 [1]. Langer (2001, p. 40) estimates around 16 2. McEvedy and Jones (2001, p. 50) estimates 17 3. Strauss (2004, p. 37) estimates about 20 4. Ward (2009, p. 16) estimates at 20 5. Aperghis (2007, p. 311) estimates 32 6. Scheidel (2009, p. 99) estimates 35 7. Zeinert (1996, p. 32) estimates 40 8. Rawlinson and Schauffler (1898, p. 270) estimates possibly 509. Astor (1899, p. 56) estimates almost 50 10. Lissner (1961, p. 111) estimates probably 50 11. Milns (1968, p. 51) estimates some 50 12. Hershlag (1980, p. 140) estimates nearly 50 13. Daniel (2001, p. 41) estimates at 50 15. Meyer and Andreades (2004, p. 58) estimates to 50 16. Pollack (2004, p. 7) estimates about 5017. Jones (2004, p. 8) estimates over 50 18. Safire (2007, p. 627) estimates in 5019. Dougherty (2009, p. 6)
estimates about 70 20. Richard (2008, p. 34) estimates nearly 70 21. Mitchell (2004, p. 16) estimates over 70 22. Hanson (2001, p. 32) estimates almost 75 23. West (1913, p. 85) estimates about 75 24. Zenos (1889, p. 2) estimates exactly 75 25. Cowley (1999 and 2001, p. 17) estimates possibly 8026. Cook (1904, p. 277) estimates exactly 80 27. 24. Jump up^ Yarshater (1996, p. 47) 25. Jump up^ Morris, Ian. 2009. The dynamics of ancient Empires: State Power from Assyria to Byzantium 26. Jump up^ Jean-Nol Biraben, "The History of the Human Population From the First Beginnings to the Present" in Demography: Analysis and Synthesis: A Treatise in Population (Eds: Graziella Caselli, Jacques Vallin, Guillaume J. Wunsch), Vol. III, Chapter 66, pp 5-18, Academic Press:San Diego (2005). 27. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in 1393 are 60,545,812 and 10,652,870, respectively (Ming Hui Dian), while recorded peak number of persons and households are 66,598,337 and 11,415,829 in 1403, respectively ( Book of Ming). 28. Jump up^ Steele, Christy, "Rome", p. 36 (2001). 29. Jump up^ Mclynn Frank "Marcus Aurelius" p. 4. Published by The Bodley Head 2009 30. Jump up^ There are several different estimates for the Roman Empire. Scheidel (2006, p. 2) estimates 60. Goldsmith (1984, p. 263) estimates 55. Beloch (1886, p. 507) estimates 54. Maddison (2006, p. 51, 120) estimates 48. Roman Empire Population estimates 65 (while mentioning several other estimates between 55 and 120 ). 31. Jump up^ Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History (Duke University Press) 3 (3/4): 125.doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959. 32. ^ Jump up to:
aman ao ap aq ar as at au
Rein Taagepera "Size and Duration of
Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.", Social Science History Vol. 3, 115-138 (1979).
33. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in AD 2 are 59,594,978 and 12,233,062, respectively (Book of Han). 34. Jump up^ Colin McEvedy and Richard Jones (1978), "Atlas of World Population History", Facts on File (p. 342-351). New York. 35. ^ Jump up to:
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai
Rein
Taagepera "Size and Duration of Empires Growth-Decline Curves, 3000 to 600 B.C.",Social Science Research Vol. 7, 180196 (1978). 36. Jump up^ Thomlinson (1975, Table 1). 37. Jump up^ Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of world-systems research 12 (2): 219 229. ISSN 1076-156X. Retrieved August 12, 2010. 38. Jump up^ Claudio Cioffi-Revilla, J. Daniel Rogers, Steven P. Wilcox, & Jai Alterman, "Computing the Steppes: Data Analysis for Agent-Based Modeling of Polities in Inner Asia", Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the Amer. Pol. Sci. Assoc., Boston, Massachusetts, p. 8 August 2831, (2008). 39. Jump up^ [2] 40. Jump up^ "The Cholas"" University of Madras"K. A. Nilakanta Sastri 41. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in 1195 are 48,490,400 and 7,223,400, respectively (History of Jin). 42. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in 1103 are 45,981,845 and 20,524,065, respectively (Song Huiyao), while recorded peak number of persons and households are 46,734,784 and 20,882,438 in 1109, respectively (Song Huiyao). 43. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households are 46,019,956 and 8,907,546, respectively, in 606 (Tongdian) or 609 (Book of Sui). 44. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in 1193 are 27,845,085 and 12,302,873, respectively (Wenxian Tongkao), while recorded peak number of persons and households are 28,320,085 and 12,670.801 in 1223, respectively (Wenxian Tongkao).
45. Jump up^ International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest, ed. Immanuel Ness, Blackwell Publishing, 2009, p. 1029. Link. 46. Jump up^ Recorded number of persons and households in 156 are 56,486,856 and 10,677,960 respectively (Book of the Later Han). 47. Jump up^ Rein Taagepera "Size and Duration of Empires: Systematics of Size", Social Science Research Vol. 7, 108-127 (1978). 48. Jump up^ John O. Hunwick: Timbuktu and the Songahy Empire: Al-Sadi's Tarikh Al-sudan Down to 1613 and other Contemporary Documents (Brill, 2003),p. xlix. 49. Jump up^ Hempstone, page 312 50. Jump up^ Walker, Sheila S., African roots/American cultures: Africa in the creation of the Americas, Published by Rowman & Littlefield, p. 127. (2001) 51. ^ Jump up to: PPWK, 1985 52. ^ Jump up to: 53. ^ Jump up to:
a b a b a b
Collective work. "Atlas Historyczny Polski".
Maps of border changes"[3]" Historical Estimates of World Population U.S.
Census Bureau. 54. Jump up^ State of Boleslaw Chrobry"History of Poland during the Piast dynasty" 55. Jump up^ Population of Poland"pl:Ludno Polski" 56. Jump up^ [4] 57. ^ Jump up to:
a b c
Broadberry and Harrison (2005).

[page needed]
58. Jump up^ Pamuk (2005
).
Bibliography[edit]
Hempstone, Smith (2007). Africa, Angry Young Giant. Whitefish: Kessinger Publishing, LLC. pp. 664 pages. ISBN 0548-44300-9. Jonathan M. Adams, Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2004). East-West Orientation of Historical Empires. University of Connecticut. J. Beloch (1886), Die Bevlkerung der griechischrmischen Welt, Duncker and Humblot, Leipzig.
Jean-Nol Biraben (2003). "The rising numbers of humankind", Populations & Societies 394.
Roger Boesche (2003). "Kautilya's Arthashastra on War and Diplomacy in Ancient India", The Journal of Military History 67 (p. 938).
Stephen Broadberry and Mark Harrison (2005). The Economics of World War I. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-52185212-9.
Christopher Chase-Dunn, Alexis lvarez, and Daniel Pasciuti (2002). Power and Size: Urbanization and Empire Formation in World-Systems Since the Bronze Age.University of California, Riverside.
Ferguson, Niall (2004). Colossus: The Price of America's Empire. Penguin. ISBN 1-59420-013-0.
Raymond W. Goldsmith (1984), "An estimate of the size and structure of the national product of the Early Roman Empire", Journal of the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth 30
Bruce R. Gordon (2005). To Rule the Earth... (See Bibliography for sources used.)
Mark Harrison (1998). The Economics of World War II: Six Great Powers in International Comparison.
Angus Maddison (2001). The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective. OECD, Paris.
Angus Maddison (2006). The Contours of the World Economy 1-2030 AD. Oxford University Press.
Colin McEvedy and Richard Jones (1978), "Atlas of World Population History", Facts on File (p. 342-351). New York.
Sevket Pamuk (2005), "The Ottoman Empire in World War I". In Stephen Broadberry and Mark Harrison (2005), The Economics of World War I, p. 112-136. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85212-9.
Donald Quataert (2005). The Ottoman Empire, 1700-1922. Walter Scheidel (2005). The monetary systems of the Han and Roman empires. Stanford University.
Walter Scheidel (2006). Imperial state formation in Rome and China. Stanford University.
Carla M. Sinopoli (2003). The Political Economy of Craft Production: Crafting Empire in South India, C. 1350-1650.
Ralph Thomlinson (1975), Demographic Problems, Controversy Over Population Control, Second Edition.
Frances Wood (2006). China: The Three Emperors. Royal Academy.
H. Yoon (1985). "An early Chinese idea of a dynamic environmental cycle", GeoJournal 10 (2), p. 211-212.
K. A. Nilakanta Sastri.(1935)"The Cholas"" University of Madras.
External links[edit]
Flash animation: Imperial History of the Middle East
[show]
V T E
Lists of countries by political rankings
Categories: Economics lists Economics lists by country Empires Former empires Lists by area Lists by economic indicators Lists of countries Lists of superlatives
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Demographics, Politics, and Institutions[edit]

Geography and Topography[edit]

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List of world's largest roadside attractions

3 India 4 New Zealand

5 United States of America

5.36 West Virginia 5.37 Wisconsin

6.1 France 6.2 Germany 6.3 Ireland

World's Largest Pineapple, Nambour

See also: Australia's Big Things

New South Wales[edit]

"Big Golden Guitar", located atTamworth, New South Wales, Australia

World's Largest Pysanka, Vegreville, Alberta.

World's Largest Tree Crusher Mackenzie

World's largest axe

United States of America[edit]

World's Largest Hog, Dothan, Alabama, USA

Clarksville, Indiana USA

Traverse City, Michigan, USA

World's Largest Musical Fountain, Grand Haven, Michigan

North Saint Paul, MN

World's Largest Working Rifle,Ishpeming, Michigan

World's Largest Indian, Ironwood, Michigan

World's largest basket, Newark, OH

World's Largest Wagon, Spokane World's Largest Egg, Winlock

Jump up^ http://www.delorme.com/about/eartha.aspx. Missing or empty |title= (help)

Categories: Roadside attractions Lists of superlatives

Read Edit View history

List of largest empires

4.1 All empires at their greatest extent 4.2 Maps

4.2.1 Ancient empires 4.2.2 Medieval empires 4.2.3 Modern empires

5 Largest empires by economy

5.1 GDP size

6 See also 7 Notes and references 8 Bibliography 9 External links

Debates regarding definition of imperial domains[edit]

European colonial empires[edit]

Anachronous map of thePortuguese Empire

Anachronous map of theSpanish Empire

Anachronous map of theDutch Empire

Anachronous map of theBritish Empire

Anachronous map of theFrench Empire

Map of the German Empirein 1914

Map of the Italian Colonial Empire in 1939

A map of the Russian Empire

Largest empires by land area and population[edit]

All empires at their greatest extent[edit]

Max. population (million)

458.0 (in 1938)[3]

20.00% (458 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)[3]

110.0 (in the 13th century)[7]

25.60% (110.0 million out of 429 million[8] in the 13th century)

Max. land area (million km2)

Max. land area (million mi2)

% of world land area

Max. population (million)

9.80% (176.4 million out of 1.791 billion[11] in 1913)

12.30% (68.2 million out of 556 million[11] in the 17th century)

36.60% (381.0 million out of 1.041 billion in 1820)[11]

17.10% (59.8 million out of 350 million in 1290)

French Colonial Empire

5.10% (112.9 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)