Dvostrukistwartreš

1002 ❙❙❙❙ CHAPTER 15 MULTIPLE INTEGRALS
|||| 15.3 Exercises

1–6 |||| Evaluate the iterated integral. 21. Under the surface z xy and above the triangle with vertices
1, 1, 4, 1, and 1, 2
1 x2 2 2
1. yy x 2y dy dx 2. yy xy dx dy 22. Enclosed by the paraboloid z x 2 3y 2 and the planes x 0,
0 0 1 y
1 ey 1 2x
y 1, y x, z 0
3. yy sx dx dy 4. yy x 2 y dy dx
0 y 0 x 23. Bounded by the planes x 0, y 0, z 0, and
2 cos
sin
1 v xyz1
5. y y e dr d 6. yy s1 v 2 du dv
0 0 0 0
24. Bounded by the planes z x, y x, x y 2, and z 0
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
25. Enclosed by the cylinders z x 2, y x 2 and the planes

7–18 |||| Evaluate the double integral. z 0, y 4
26. Bounded by the cylinder y 2 z 2 4 and the planes x 2y,
7. yy x y 3 2
dA,
D x, y 0 x 2, x y x
x 0, z 0 in the first octant
D
4y 27. Bounded by the cylinder x 2 y 2 1 and the planes y z,

8. yy
D
x 2
dA,
3
D x, y 1 x 2, 0 y 2x
x 0, z 0 in the first octant
2y 28. Bounded by the cylinders x 2 y 2 r 2 and y 2 z 2 r 2
9. yy x2 1
dA,
D {x, y 0 x 1, 0 y sx } ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
; 29. Use a graphing calculator or computer to estimate the

10. yy e y2
dA,
D x, y 0 y 1, 0 x y
x-coordinates of the points of intersection of the curves y x 4
D
and y 3x x 2. If D is the region bounded by these curves,
11. yy e x y
dA,
D x, y 1 y 2, y x y 3 estimate xxD x dA.
D
; 30. Find the approximate volume of the solid in the first octant
12. yy x sy 2 x 2 dA,
D x, y 0 y 1, 0 x y that is bounded by the planes y x, z 0, and z x and the
cylinder y cos x. (Use a graphing device to estimate the
D
points of intersection.)
13. yy x cos y dA, D is bounded by y 0, y x 2, x 1
D 31–32 |||| Find the volume of the solid by subtracting two volumes.
31. The solid enclosed by the parabolic cylinders y 1 x 2,
14. yy x y dA, D is bounded by y sx and y x 2
y x 2 1 and the planes x y z 2,
D
2x 2y z 10 0
3
15. yy y dA,
32. The solid enclosed by the parabolic cylinder y x 2 and the
D
planes z 3y, z 2 y
D is the triangular region with vertices (0, 2), (1, 1), and 3, 2
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
16. yy xy 2 dA, D is enclosed by x 0 and x s1 y 2

CAS 33–36 |||| Use a computer algebra system to find the exact volume
D
of the solid.
17. yy 2x y dA, 33. Under the surface z x 3 y 4 xy 2 and above the region
D
bounded by the curves y x 3 x and y x 2 x for x 0
D is bounded by the circle with center the origin and radius 2
34. Between the paraboloids z 2x 2 y 2 and z 8 x 2 2y 2
18. yy 2xy dA, D is the triangular region with vertices 0, 0, and inside the cylinder x 2 y 2 1
D
35. Enclosed by z 1 x 2 y 2 and z 0
1, 2, and 0, 3
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 36. Enclosed by z x 2 y 2 and z 2y
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
19–28 |||| Find the volume of the given solid.

19. Under the plane x 2y z 0 and above the region 37– 42 |||| Sketch the region of integration and change the order of
bounded by y x and y x 4 integration.

20. Under the surface z 2x y 2 and above the region bounded 4 sx 1 4
37. yy f x, y dy dx 38. yy f x, y dy dx
by x y 2 and x y 3 0 0 0 4x
SECTION 15.4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES ❙❙❙❙ 1003
39.
3 s9y 2
f x, y dx dy
3 s9y
f x, y dx dy 51–52 |||| Use Property 11 to estimate the value of the integral.
yy
0 s9y 2
40. yy
0 0
2 ln x 1 4
51. yy sx 3 y 3 dA, D 0, 1 0, 1
41. yy f x, y dy dx 42. yy f x, y dy dx D
1 0 0 arctan x
x 2y 2
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
52. yy e dA, D is the disk with center the origin and radius 12
43–48 |||| Evaluate the integral by reversing the order of D
integration. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
1 3 2 1 1
43. yy e x dx dy 44. yy sx 3 1 dx dy 53. Prove Property 11.
0 3y 0 sy
54. In evaluating a double integral over a region D, a sum of
3 9 1 1
45. y y y cosx 2 dx dy 46. yy x 3 sin y 3 dy dx iterated integrals was obtained as follows:
0 y2 0 x2
1 2y 3 3y
47. yy
1 2
cos x s1 cos 2 x dx dy yy f x, y dA y y 0 0
f x, y dx dy y
1
y
0
f x, y dx dy
0 arcsin y D
8 2 4
48. yy 3
e x dx dy Sketch the region D and express the double integral as an
0 sy
iterated integral with reversed order of integration.
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
55. Evaluate xxD x 2 tan x y 3 4 dA, where

49–50 |||| Express D as a union of regions of type I or type II and
evaluate the integral.
D x, y x 2 y 2 2.
[Hint: Exploit the fact that D is symmetric with respect to both
2 axes.]
49. yy x dA 50. yy xy dA
D D 56. Use symmetry to evaluate xxD 2 3x 4y dA, where D
y y
y=1+≈
is the region bounded by the square with vertices 5, 0
1
(1, 1) and 0, 5.
D x=1
57. Compute xxD s1 x 2 y 2 dA, where D is the disk
x 2 y 2 1, by first identifying the integral as the volume
_1 0 1 x
x=_1 D x=¥ of a solid.
_1 0 x CAS 58. Graph the solid bounded by the plane x y z 1 and

the paraboloid z 4 x 2 y 2 and find its exact volume.
(Use your CAS to do the graphing, to find the equations of the
y=_1 boundary curves of the region of integration, and to evaluate
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ the double integral.)
|||| 15.4 Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates

Suppose that we want to evaluate a double integral xxR f x, y dA, where R is one of the
regions shown in Figure 1. In either case the description of R in terms of rectangular coor-
dinates is rather complicated but R is easily described using polar coordinates.
y y
≈+¥=1 ≈+¥=4
R
R
0 x
0 x
≈+¥=1
FIGURE 1 (a) R=s(r, ¨) | 0¯r¯1, 0¯¨¯2πd (b) R=s(r, ¨) | 1¯r¯2, 0¯¨¯πd

y
Recall from Figure 2 that the polar coordinates r, of a point are related to the rect-
P (r, ¨ ) =P (x, y) angular coordinates x, y by the equations
r
y
r2 x2 y2 x r cos y r sin
¨ (See Section 10.3.)

O x x The regions in Figure 1 are special cases of a polar rectangle
FIGURE 2
R r, a r b,
which is shown in Figure 3. In order to compute the double integral xxR f x, y dA, where
R is a polar rectangle, we divide the interval a, b into m subintervals ri1, ri of equal
width
r b a m and we divide the interval , into n subintervals j1, j of
equal width
n. Then the circles r ri and the rays j divide the polar
rectangle R into the small polar rectangles shown in Figure 4.
¨=¨ j
¨=¨ j _1
r=b R ij
(r i*, ¨ j*)
¨=∫
R
Î¨
r=a r=ri
¨=å
r=r i _1
∫
å
O O
FIGURE 3 Polar rectangle FIGURE 4 Dividing R into polar subrectangles
The “center” of the polar subrectangle

Rij r, ri1 r ri , j1 j
has polar coordinates
r i* 12 ri1 ri j* 12 j1 j
We compute the area of Rij using the fact that the area of a sector of a circle with radius r
and central angle is 2 r 2. Subtracting the areas of two such sectors, each of which has
1
central angle
j j1 , we find that the area of Rij is

Ai 12 r2i
212 r i1
12 r2i 2 r i1

12 ri ri1 ri ri1

r*i
r

Although we have defined the double integral xxR f x, y dA in terms of ordinary rect-
angles, it can be shown that, for continuous functions f , we always obtain the same
answer using polar rectangles. The rectangular coordinates of the center of Rij are
r*i cos j*, r i* sin j* , so a typical Riemann sum is
m n m n
1 f r* cos *, r* sin *
A
i1 j1
i j i j i f r* cos *, r* sin * r*
r

i1 j1
i j i j i
If we write tr, rf r cos , r sin , then the Riemann sum in Equation 1 can be writ-
ten as
m n
tr*, *
r

i1 j1
i j
which is a Riemann sum for the double integral
b
y y tr, dr d
a
Therefore, we have
m n
yy f x, y dA lim f r* cos *, r* sin *

A
m, n l i1 j1
i j i j i
R
m n

tr*, *
r
y y
b
lim i j tr, dr d
m, n l i1 j1 a
b
y y f r cos , r sin r dr d
a
2 Change to Polar Coordinates in a Double Integral If f is continuous on a polar rect-

angle R given by 0 a r b, , where 0 2, then
b
yy f x, y dA y y f r cos , r sin r dr d
a
R
The formula in (2) says that we convert from rectangular to polar coordinates in a
double integral by writing x r cos and y r sin , using the appropriate limits of
| integration for r and , and replacing dA by r dr d. Be careful not to forget the additional
factor r on the right side of Formula 2. A classical method for remembering this is shown
in Figure 5, where the “infinitesimal” polar rectangle can be thought of as an ordinary rect-
angle with dimensions r d and dr and therefore has “area” dA r dr d.
dA
d¨
dr
r d¨
r
O
FIGURE 5
EXAMPLE 1 Evaluate xxR 3x 4y 2 dA, where R is the region in the upper half-plane
bounded by the circles x 2 y 2 1 and x 2 y 2 4.
SOLUTION The region R can be described as

R x, y y 0, 1 x 2 y 2 4
It is the half-ring shown in Figure 1(b), and in polar coordinates it is given by 1 r 2,
0 . Therefore, by Formula 2,
2
yy 3x 4y 2
dA y y 3r cos 4r 2 sin 2 r dr d
0 1
R
2
y y 3r 2 cos 4r 3 sin 2 dr d
0 1
r2
y
0
[r 3 cos r 4 sin 2]r1 d y 7 cos 15 sin 2 d
0

|||| Here we use the trigonometric identity y
0
[7 cos 152 1 cos 2 ] d

sin2 12 1 cos 2
15 15 15
See Section 7.2 for advice on integrating 7 sin sin 2
trigonometric functions. 2 4 0
2
EXAMPLE 2 Find the volume of the solid bounded by the plane z 0 and the paraboloid
z 1 x 2 y 2.
z SOLUTION If we put z 0 in the equation of the paraboloid, we get x 2 y 2 1. This
(0, 0, 1)
means that the plane intersects the paraboloid in the circle x 2 y 2 1, so the solid lies
under the paraboloid and above the circular disk D given by x 2 y 2 1 [see Figures 6
and 1(a)]. In polar coordinates D is given by 0 r 1, 0 2. Since
1 x 2 y 2 1 r 2, the volume is
0
2 1
D V yy 1 x 2 y 2 dA y y 1 r 2 r dr d
x y 0 0

D
1
FIGURE 6 2 1 r2 r4
y d y r r dr 2
3

0 0 2 4 0
2
If we had used rectangular coordinates instead of polar coordinates, then we would have
obtained
1 s1x 2
V yy 1 x 2 y 2 dA y y 1 x 2 y 2 dy dx
1 s1x 2
D
which is not easy to evaluate because it involves finding the following integrals:
y s1 x 2 dx y x s1 x
2 2 dx y 1 x
2 3 2
dx
What we have done so far can be extended to the more complicated type of region
r=h™(¨) shown in Figure 7. It’s similar to the type II rectangular regions considered in Section 15.3.
¨=∫
In fact, by combining Formula 2 in this section with Formula 15.3.5, we obtain the fol-
lowing formula.
D
∫ ¨=å 3 If f is continuous on a polar region of the form

å
O r=h¡(¨)
D r, , h1 r h2
h 2
FIGURE 7 then yy f x, y dA y y f r cos , r sin r dr d
h1
D
D=s(r, ¨) | å¯¨¯∫, h¡(¨)¯r¯h™(¨)d
In particular, taking f x, y 1, h1 0, and h2 h in this formula, we see
that the area of the region D bounded by , , and r h is
h
AD yy 1 dA y y r dr d
0

D
h
r2 1
y d y 2 h 2 d
2 0
and this agrees with Formula 10.4.3.
EXAMPLE 3 Use a double integral to find the area enclosed by one loop of the four-leaved
π
¨= 4 rose r cos 2.
SOLUTION From the sketch of the curve in Figure 8 we see that a loop is given by the
region

D {r, 4 4, 0 r cos 2}
So the area is
π
¨=_ 4 4 cos 2
AD yy dA y y r dr d
4 0
D
FIGURE 8 4 2 4
y
4
[ 12 r 2]cos
0 d 12 y
4
cos 2 2 d
4 4
14 y 1 cos 4 d 14 [ 14 sin 4] 4
4 8
EXAMPLE 4 Find the volume of the solid that lies under the paraboloid z x 2 y 2,
y above the xy-plane, and inside the cylinder x 2 y 2 2x.
(x-1)@+¥=1
(or r=2 cos ¨) SOLUTION The solid lies above the disk D whose boundary circle has equation
x 2 y 2 2x or, after completing the square,
D x 12 y 2 1
0 1 2
x (see Figures 9 and 10). In polar coordinates we have x 2 y 2 r 2 and x r cos , so
the boundary circle becomes r 2 2r cos , or r 2 cos . Thus, the disk D is given by

D {r, 2 2, 0 r 2 cos }
FIGURE 9
and, by Formula 3, we have
z 2 2 cos
V yy x 2 y 2 dA y y r 2 r dr d
2 0

D
2 cos
2 r4 2
y d 4 y cos 4 d
2 4 2
2 2 1 cos 2 2
8y cos 4 d 8 y d
0 0 2
2
2y 1 2 cos 2 12 1 cos 4 d
x 0
FIGURE 10
y
2[ 32 sin 2 18 sin 4]0 2
2

3
2

2

3
2
|||| 15.4 Exercises

1– 6 |||| A region R is shown. Decide whether to use polar coordi- 12. xxR s4 x 2 y 2 dA,
nates or rectangular coordinates and write xxR f x, y dA as an iter-
ated integral, where f is an arbitrary continuous function on R.
where R x, y x 2 y 2 4, x 0
2 2

13. xxD ex y dA, where D is the region bounded by the
1. y 2. y semicircle x s4 y 2 and the y-axis
2 2
14. xxR ye x dA,where R is the region in the first quadrant enclosed
by the circle x 2 y 2 25
R R
15. xxR arctan yx dA,
0 2 x 0 2 x

where R x, y 1 x 2 y 2 4, 0 y x
16. xxD x dA,where D is the region in the first quadrant that lies
between the circles x 2 y 2 4 and x 2 y 2 2x
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
17–20 |||| Use a double integral to find the area of the region.
3. y 4. y
17. One loop of the rose r cos 3
2 3
18. The region enclosed by the curve r 4 3 cos
R R
1 19. The region within both of the circles r cos and r sin
0 x 0 1 3 x 20. The region inside the circle r 4 sin and outside the
2
circle r 2
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
21–27 |||| Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given
solid.
5. y 6. y 21. Under the paraboloid z x 2 y 2 and above the

5 disk x 2 y 2 9
R
2 22. Inside the sphere x 2 y 2 z 2 16 and outside the
2
R cylinder x 2 y 2 4
2 5
0 x 0 x
23. A sphere of radius a
2
24. Bounded by the paraboloid z 10 3x 2 3y 2 and the
plane z 4
25. Above the cone z sx 2 y 2 and below the sphere
x 2 y 2 z2 1
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
26. Bounded by the paraboloids z 3x 2 3y 2 and

7– 8 Sketch the region whose area is given by the integral and
|||| z 4 x2 y2
evaluate the integral. 27. Inside both the cylinder x 2 y 2 4 and the ellipsoid
2 2 4 cos
7. y y
7
r dr d 8. y y r dr d 4x 2 4y 2 z 2 64
4 0 0 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
28. (a) A cylindrical drill with radius r 1 is used to bore a hole
through the center of a sphere of radius r 2 . Find the volume
9–16 Evaluate the given integral by changing to polar
||||
of the ring-shaped solid that remains.
coordinates.
(b) Express the volume in part (a) in terms of the height h of
9. xxD xy dA, the ring. Notice that the volume depends only on h, not on
where D is the disk with center the origin and radius 3 r 1 or r 2 .
10. xxR x y dA, where R is the region that lies to the left of 29–32 |||| Evaluate the iterated integral by converting to polar
the y-axis between the circles x 2 y 2 1 and x 2 y 2 4 coordinates.
11. xxR cosx 2 y 2 dA, where R is the region that lies above the 29.
1 s1x 2
ex
2
y 2 a sa 2y 2
x 2 y 2 32 dx dy
x-axis within the circle x 2 y 2 9
yy
0 0
dy dx 30. y y
a 0
SECTION 15.5 APPLICATIONS OF DOUBLE INTEGRALS ❙❙❙❙ 1009
2 s4y 2
x 2 y 2 dx dy
2 s2xx 2
sx 2 y 2 dy dx where Da is the disk with radius a and center the origin.
31. yy
0 s4y 2
32. yy
0 0 Show that

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
2
y 2
y y ex dA
33. A swimming pool is circular with a 40-ft diameter. The depth
is constant along east-west lines and increases linearly from

(b) An equivalent definition of the improper integral in part (a)
2 ft at the south end to 7 ft at the north end. Find the volume of
is
water in the pool.
x 2y 2 x 2y 2
34. An agricultural sprinkler distributes water in a circular pattern yy e dA lim yy e dA
al
of radius 100 ft. It supplies water to a depth of er feet per hour 2 Sa
at a distance of r feet from the sprinkler.

(a) What is the total amount of water supplied per hour to where Sa is the square with vertices a, a. Use this to
the region inside the circle of radius R centered at the show that
sprinkler? 2 2
(b) Determine an expression for the average amount of water y ex dx y ey dy

per hour per square foot supplied to the region inside the
circle of radius R. (c) Deduce that
2
35. Use polar coordinates to combine the sum y ex dx s

1 x s2 x 2 s4x 2
y y xy dy dx y y xy dy dx y y xy dy dx (d) By making the change of variable t s2 x, show that
1s2 s1x 2 1 0 s2 0
2
into one double integral. Then evaluate the double integral. y ex 2
dx s2

36. (a) We define the improper integral (over the entire plane 2
(This is a fundamental result for probability and statistics.)

2
y 2 2
y 2
I yy ex dA y y ex dy dx 37. Use the result of Exercise 36 part (c) to evaluate the following

2
integrals.
2
y 2
lim
al
yy ex dA
(a) y
2
x 2ex dx (b) y

sx ex dx
Da 0 0
|||| 15.5 Applications of Double Integrals

We have already seen one application of double integrals: computing volumes. Another
geometric application is finding areas of surfaces and this will be done in the next section.
In this section we explore physical applications such as computing mass, electric charge,
center of mass, and moment of inertia. We will see that these physical ideas are also impor-
tant when applied to probability density functions of two random variables.
Density and Mass
y
In Section 8.3 we were able to use single integrals to compute moments and the center of
mass of a thin plate or lamina with constant density. But now, equipped with the double
(x, y)
integral, we can consider a lamina with variable density. Suppose the lamina occupies a
region D of the xy-plane and its density (in units of mass per unit area) at a point x, y in
D
D is given by x, y, where is a continuous function on D. This means that

m
x, y lim

A
0 x
where
m and
A are the mass and area of a small rectangle that contains x, y and the
FIGURE 1 limit is taken as the dimensions of the rectangle approach 0. (See Figure 1.)
Stewart Calculus ET 5e 0534393217;15. Multiple Integrals; 15.3 Double Integrals over General Regions
1.
2
1x 1 2 1
2 y=x
(x+2y)dydx = dx=
2 22
xy+y
y=0
x(x )+(x ) 0 0 dx
0 0 0 0
1 1
1 4 1 5 9
= (x +x )dx=
3 4
x+ x =
0 4 5 0 20
2.
22 2 x=2 2 2
1 2 1 1
xydxdy = dy= y(4 y )dy= (4y y )dy
2 3
x y
1y 1 2 x=y 1 2 2 1
1 2 1 4 2 1 1 9
= 2y y = 8 4 2+ =
2 4 1 2 4 8
3.
y
1e 1 y 1 1
2 3/2 x=e 2 2 2 3y/2 2 5/2
x dxdy = dy= (e y )dy=
3y/2 3/2
3
x
x=y 30 3 3
e
5
y
0
0 y 0
2 2 3/2 2 2 0 4 3/2 32
= e e +0 = e
3 3 5 3 9 45
4.
1 2 x 1 y=2 x 1
1 2 1 1 2
(x y)dydx = dx=
2 2 2 2 2
x y y x (2 x) (2 x) x (x)+ x dx
0 x 0 2 y=x 0 2 2
1 1
1 4 2 3 2 5
= ( 2x +2x +2x 2)dx=
3 2
x + x +x 2x =
0 2 3 0 6
5.
/2 cos /2 /2
sin sin r=cos sin sin /2
e dr d = re
r=0
d = (cos )e d = e
0
0 0 0 0
sin ( /2) 0
=e e =e 1
6.
1
1v 1 u=v 1 1
1
1 v dudv = dv= v
2 2 2 2 3/2
u 1 v 1 v dv= (1 v )
00 0
u=0
0 3 0
1 1
= (0 1)=
3 3
7.
2x 2 2

3 2 1 3 3 y=x 1
x y dA = x y dydx=
3 2
x y dx= 2x dx
6
D 0 x 0 3 y= x 30
2 1 7 2 2 7 256
= x = 2 0 =
3 7 0 21 21
8.
2 2x 2 2 y=2x 2 2
4y
3
dA =
4y
dydx=
2y
dx=
8x
dx
D x +2 3 3 3
1 0 x +2 1 x +2 y=0 1 x +2
8 3 2 8 8 10
= ln x +2 = (ln 10 ln 3)= ln
3 1 3 3 3
9.
1 x 1 2 y= x 1
2y y x
2
dydx = 2
dx= 2
dx
0 0 x +1 0 x +1 y=0 0 x +1
1 2 1 1 1
= ln x +1 = (ln 2 ln 1)= ln 2
2 0 2 2
1y 2 1 2 x=y 1 2 2 1
1 y 1
10. e dxdy= dy= ye dy=
y y y
xe e = (e 1)
00 0
x=0
0 2 0 2
3
2 y 2 2 2
11. e
x/y
dxdy= ye
x/y x= y
x= y
3
dy= ( ye ey) dy=

y
2
2
e
2
1 y 1 2
2
ey
1
=
1 4
2
(e 4e)
1 y 1 1
1y 1 x=y 1 1
1 2 2 3/2 1 3 1 1 4 1
12. y x dxdy= dy= y dy=
2 2
x (y x ) y =
00 0 3 x=0 30 3 4 0 12
2
2
1 x 1 2 1 1
1 1
13. xcos ydydx= dx= xsin x dx=
y= x 2 2
xsin y cos x = (1 cos 1)
0 0 0
y=0
0 2 0 2
14.
1 x 1
1 2 y= x
(x+y)dydx = xy+ y dx
0 2 0 2 y=x
2
x
1
1 3 1 4
=
3/2
x + x x x dx
0 2 2
2 5/2 1 2 1 4 1 5 1 3
= x + x x x =
5 4 4 10 0 10
15.
2 2y 1 2
3 x=2y 1
y dxdy =
3
xy dy
x=2 y
1 2 y 1
2
= (2y 1) (2 y) y dy
3
1
2 2
3 5 3 4
= (3y 3y )dy=
4 3
y y
1 5 4 1
96 3 3 147
= 12 + =
5 5 4 20
16.
3
2
1 y

2 1
xy dA
=
2
D xy dxdy
1 0
1 2 1
1 2 x= 1 y 1
= y
2 2 2
x dy= y (1 y )dy
1 2 x=0 2 1
1 1
1 1 1 3 1 5

2 4
= (y y )dy= y y
2 2 3 5 1
1
1 1 1 1 1 2
= + =
2 3 5 3 5 15
17.
2
2 4 x
(2x y)dydx
2 2
4 x
2 2
1 2 y= 4 x
= 2xy y dx
2 2 2
y= 4 x
2
1 1
= 2x 4 x
2
2
2
(
4 x +2x ) 2
4 x +
2
4 x
2
( ) dx
2
2 2
4
= 4x
2
4 x dx=
3
4 x
2
( ) 3/2 2
=0
2
2
(Or, note that 4x 4 x is an odd function, so
4
2

2
4x 4 x dx=0 .)
2
18.
1 3 x 1
xydA = 2xydydx=
2 y=3 x
xy dx
D y=2x
0 2x 0
1
= x[(3 x) (2x) ]dx
2 2
0
1
= ( 3x 6x +9x)dx
3 2
3 4 3 9 2 1 3 9 7
= x 2x + x = 2+ =
4 2 0 4 2 4
19.
1x
V = (x+2y)dydx
0 4
x
1 1
2 y=x
= dx= (2x x x )dx
2 5 8
xy+y 4
0 y=x 0
2 3 1 6 1 9 1 2 1 1 7
= x x x = =
3 6 9 0 3 6 9 18
5
20.
2
1y
V =
2
(2x+y )dxdy
0 3
y
1 2 1
= dy= (2y y y )dy
2 2 x=y 4 6 5
x +xy 3
0 x=y 0
2 5 1 7 1 6 1 19
= y y y =
5 7 6 0 210
21.
2 7 3y 2 x=7 3y
1 2
V = xydxdy= x y dy
1 1 1 2 x=1
2
1
= (48y 42y +9y )dy
2 3
2 1
1 2 3 9 4 2 31
= 24y 14y + y =
2 4 1 8
22.
6
11
V =
2 2
(x +3y )dydx
0x
1 1
3 y=1
= dx= (x +1 2x )dx
2 2 3
x y+y
y=x
0 0
1 3 1 4 1 5
= x +x x =
3 2 0 6
23.
1 1 x
V = ( 1 x y ) dydx
0 0
1 2 y=1 x
y
= y xy dx
0 2 y=0
1
1
=
2 2
(1 x) (1 x) dx
0 2
1 1
1 1 1
=
2 3
(1 x) dx= (1 x) =
0 2 6 0 6
24.
7
1 2 x
V = xdydx
0 x
1 1
= x y dx= (2x 2x )dx
y=2 x 2
y=x
0 0
2 2 3 1 1
= x x =
3 0 3
25.
2 4
V =
2
x dydx
2 2
x
2 2
= x y dx= (4x x )dx
2 y=4 2 4
2
2 y=x 2
4 3 1 5 2 32 32 32 32 128
= x x = + =
3 5 2 3 5 3 5 15
26.
8
2 2y
V =
2
4 y dxdy
0 0
2 x=2y 2
= dy= 2y
2 2
x 4 y 4 y dy
x=0
0 0
2 2 16 16
=
3
4 y
2
( ) 3/2 0
=0+
3
=
3
27.
2
1 1 x 1 2 2
y y= 1 x
V = ydydx= dx
0 0 0 2 y=0
1 2 1
1 x 1 1 3 1
= dx= x x =
0 2 2 3 0 3
28.
By symmetry, the desired volume V is 8 times the volume V in the first octant. Now
1
2 2
r r y
V =

2 2
1 r y dxdy
0 0
r 2 2
x= r y

2 2
= x r y dy
x=0
0
9
r r
1 3 2 3

2 2 2
= (r y )dy= r y y = r
0 3 0 3
16 3
Thus V = r .
3
29.
From the graph, it appears that the two curves intersect at x=0 and at x 1.213 . Thus the desired
integral is
2
1.213 3x x 1.213

2
D
xdA xdydx= xy
y=3x x
4
dx
0 4 0 y= x
x
1.213 1.213
1 4 1 6

2 3 5 3
= (3x x x )dx= x x x
0 4 6 0
0.713
30.
The desired solid is shown in the first graph. From the second graph, we estimate that y=cos x
intersects y=x at x 0.7391 . Therefore the volume of the solid is
0.7391 cos x 0.7391 cos x
V zdydx= xdydx
0 x 0 x
10
0.7391 0.7391

y=cos x 2
= xy dx= (xcos x x )dx
y= x
0 0
1 3 0.7391
= 0.1024
cos x+xsin x
x
3 0
Note: There is a different solid which can also be construed to satisfy the conditions stated in the
exercise. This is the solid bounded by all of the given surfaces, as well as the plane y=0 . In case you
calculated the volume of this solid and want to check your work, its volume is
0.7391 x /2 cos x
V xdydx+ xdydx 0.4684 .
0 0 0.7391 0
2 2 2 2
31. The two bounding curves y=1 x and y=x 1 intersect at ( 1,0 ) with 1 x x 1 on 1,1 .
Within this region, the plane z=2x+2y+10 is above the plane z=2 x y , so
2 2
1 1 x 1 1 x
V = (2x+2y+10)dydx (2 x y)dydx
1 2 1 2
x 1 x 1
2 2
1 1 x 1 1 x
= (2x+2y+10 (2 x y))dydx= (3x+3y+8)dydx
1 2 1 2
x 1 x 1
1 2
3 2 y=1 x
= 3xy+ y +8y
2 2
dx
1 y=x 1
1
3 3 2 2

2 22 2 2 2
= 3x(1 x )+ (1 x ) +8(1 x ) 3x(x 1) (x 1) 8(x 1) dx
1 2 2
1 1
3 4 16 3 2
( 6x 16x +6x+16)dx= 2 x 3 x +3x +16x
3 2
=
1
1
3 16 3 16 64
= +3+16+ 3+16=
2 3 2 3 3
32. The two planes intersect in the line y=1 , z=3 , so the region of integration is the plane region
2
enclosed by the parabola y=x and the line y=1 . We have 2+y 3y for 0 y 1 , so the solid region is
bounded above by z=2+y and bounded below by z=3y .
11
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
V = (2+y)dydx (3y)dydx= (2+y 3y)dydx= (2 2y)dydx
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
x x x x
1 1 1
2 y=1 2 3 1 5 16

2 4
= 2y y dx= (1 2x +x )dx= x x+ x =
2 3 5 1 15
1 y=x 1
3 2 2 3
33. The two bounding curves y=x x and y=x +x intersect at the origin and at x=2 , with x +x>x x
on ( 0,2 ) . Using a CAS, we find that the volume is
2 2
2 x +x 2 x +x
13,984,735,616
V = zdydx=
3 4 2
(x y +xy )dydx=
0 3 0 3 14,549,535
x x x x
2 2 2 2
34. For x 1 and y 1 , 2x +y <8 x 2y . Also, the cylinder is described by the inequalities
2 2
1 x 1 , 1 x y 1 x . So the volume is given by
2
1 1 x
13
V =
2 2 2 2
(8 x 2y ) (2x +y ) dydx=
1 2
2
1 x
[using a CAS]
2 2
35. The two surfaces intersect in the circle x +y =1 , z=0 and the region of integration is the disk D :
2
1 1 x

x +y 1 . Using a CAS, the volume is (1 x y )dA=
2 2 2 2 2 2
(1 x y )dydx= .
D 1 2
2
1 x
2 2
36. The projection onto the xy plane of the intersection of the two surfaces is the circle x +y =2y
2 2 2 2
x +y 2y=0
x +(y 1) =1 , so the region of integration is given by 1 x 1 ,
12
2 2 2 2
1 1 x y 1+ 1 x . In this region, 2y x +y so, using a CAS, the volume is
2
1 1+ 1 x

V =
2 2
[2y (x +y )]dydx= .
1 2
2
1 1 x
37.
Because the region of integration is

D ={(x,y)|0 y x ,0 x 4}
{
= (x,y)| y x 4,0 y 2
2
}
we have
4 x 24
f (x,y)dydx= f (x,y)dA= f (x,y)dxdy .
0 0 D 0 2
y
38.

D = { ( x,y ) |4x y 4,0 x 1}
{
= ( x,y ) |0 x
y
4
,0 y 4 }
we have
14
f (x,y)dydx = f (x,y)dA
D
0 4x
13
4 y/4
= f (x,y)dxdy
0 0
39.
{
D = (x,y)| 9 y x
2 2
9 y ,0 y 3 }
= { (x,y)|0 }
2
y 9 x , 3 x 3
we have
2 2
3 9 y 3 9 x
f(x,y)dxdy= f(x,y)dA= f(x,y)dydx
0 2 D 3 0
9 y
40.
To reverse the order, we must break the region into two separate type I regions. Because the region of
integration is
D ={(x,y)|0 x 9 y,0 y 3}
={(x,y)|0 y 3,0 x 6} { ( x,y) |0 2
}
y 9 x , 6 x 3
we have
3 9 y
= f (x,y)dA
f (x,y)dxdy D
0 0
14
2
6 3 3 9 x
= f (x,y)dydx+ f (x,y)dydx
0 0 6 0
41.

D = { (x,y)|0 y ln x,1 x 2}
= { (x,y)|ey x 2,0 y ln 2 }
we have
2 ln x
D
1 0
ln 2 2
= f (x,y)dxdy
0 y
e
42.

{
D = (x,y)|arctan x y
4
,0 x 1 }

{
= (x,y)|0 x tan y,0 y
4 }
we have
1 /4
D
0 arctanx
/4 tan y
= f (x,y)dxdy
0 0
15
43.
1 3 2 3 x/3 2
e dxdy =
x x
e dydx
0 3y 0 0
3 2 y=x/3 3 2
x
= dx=
x x
e y e dx
0
y=0
0 3
2 3 9
1 x e 1
= e =
6 0 6
44.
1 1 2
1x

3

3
x +1 dxdy = x +1 dydx
0 y 0 0
1 2 1
y=x
dx= x
3 2 3
= x +1 y x +1 dx
y=0
0 0
2 3 3/2 1 2 3/2
=
9
(x +1)
0
=
9
(2 1 )
45.
3 9 9 x

2
ycos x dxdy = ycos x dydx
2
0 2
y 0 0
16
9 2 y= x 9
y 1
= cos x dx=
2 2
xcos x dx
0 2 y=0 0 2
1 2 9 1
= sin x = sin 81
4 0 4
46.
1 1 1 y

3 3

x sin (y )dydx = 3 3
x sin (y )dxdy
0 2
x 0 0
1 4 x= y
x

3
= sin (y ) dy
0 4 x=0
1
1 2

3
= y sin (y )dy
0 4
1 3 1 1
= cos (y ) = (1 cos 1)
12 0 12
47.
1 /2

2
cos x 1+cos x dxdy
0 arcsiny
/2 sin x

2
= cos x 1+cos x dydx
0 0
/2

2 y=sin x
= cos x 1+cos x y dx
y=0
0
17
/2

2
= cos x 1+cos x sin xdx
0
Let u=cos x,du= sin xdx,dx=du/( sin x)
0 0
1
= u 1+u du=
3
1+u
2 2
( ) 3/2 1
1
1 1
= ( 8 1) = ( 2 2 1)
3 3
48.
8 2 4 3
2 x 4

x
e dxdy =
x
e dydx
0 3
y 0 0
2 4 3 2 4
= e dx= x e dx
x y=x 3 x
y
y=0
0 0
4 2
1 x 1 16
= e = (e 1)
4 0 4
49.
D = { (x,y)|0 x 1, x+1 y 1} { (x,y)| 1 x 0,x+1 y 1}
{ (x,y)|0 x 1, 1 y x 1} { (x,y)| 1 x 0, 1 y x 1} ,
all type I.
1 1 0 1 1 x 1 0 x 1

2
x dydx+ x dydx+ x dydx+
x dA = 2 2 2 2
x dydx
D 0 1 x 1 x+1 0 1 1 1
1 1
= 4
2 2
x dydx[ by symmetry of the regions and because f (x,y)=x 0]
0 1 x
1 1
1 4
= 4 x dx=4
3
x =1
0 4 0
18
50.
{
D = (x,y)| 1 x 0, 1 y 1+x2 } { (x,y)|0 x 1, x y 1+x
2
}
{(x,y)|0 x 1, 1 y x} ,
all type I.
2 2
0 1+ x 1 1+ x 1 x
xydA =
xydydx+ xydydx+ xydydx
D
1 1 0 x 0 1
0 2 1 2 1
1 2 y=1+ x 1 2 y=1+ x 1 2 y= x
= 2
xy
y= 1
dx+
2
xy dx+
2
xy
y= 1
dx
1 0 y= x 0
0 1 1
1 5 1 5 1 2
x + x dx+ (x +2x x +x)dx+
3 3 2
= (x x)dx
1 2 0 2 0 2
1 4 1 6 0 1 1 6 1 4 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 2 1
= x+ x + x+ x x+ x + x x
4 12 1 2 6 2 3 2 0 2 3 2 0
1 5 1
= + =0
3 12 12

3 3 3 3
51. For D= 0,1 0,1 , 0 x +y 2 and A(D)=1 , so 0 x +y dA 2 .
D
2 2 2 2

52. Since D= { 2
(x,y)| x +y
2 1
4 } , 1=e e
0 x +y
e
1/4
and A(D)=
4
, so
4

D
e
x +y 1/4
dA (e )
4
.
53. Since m f (x,y) M , mdA f (x,y)dA M dA by (8)
D D D
m 1dA f (x,y)dA M 1dA by (7)
mA(D) f (x,y)dA MA(D) by (10).
D D D D
54.
19
1 2y 3 3 y
f (x,y)dA = f (x,y)dxdy+ f (x,y)dxdy
D
0 0 1 0
2 3 x
= f (x,y)dydx
0 x/2
55. (x tan x+y +4) dA= x tan xdA+ y dA+

2 3 2 3 2
4dA . But x tan x is an odd function of x and D is
D D D D
symmetric with respect to the y axis, so

2 3
x tan xdA=0 . Similarly, y is an odd function of y and D
D
is symmetric with respect to the x axis, so

3
y dA=0 . Thus
D
(x tan x+y +4)dA=4

2 3 2
dA=4(area of D)=4 ( 2 ) =8
D D
56. First, 0in0.19in ] The region D , shown in the figure, is symmetric with respect to the y axis and
3x is an odd function of x , so 3xdA=0 . Similarly, 4y is an odd function of y and D is symmetric
D
with respect to the x axis, so 4ydA=0 . Then
D
( 2 3x+4y ) dA = 2dA=2 dA
D D D
= 2(area of D)=2(50)
= 100
1 x y 0 , we can interpret
2 2 2 2
57. Since 1 x y dA as the volume of the solid that lies below
D
20
2 2 2 2
the graph of z= 1 x y and above the region D in the xy plane. z= 1 x y is equivalent to
2 2 2 2 2
x +y +z =1 , z 0 which meets the xy plane in the circle x +y =1 , the boundary of D . Thus, the
1 4 3 2
solid is an upper hemisphere of radius 1 which has volume (1) = .
2 3 3
58. To find the equations of the boundary curves, we require that the z values of the two surfaces be
the same. In Maple, we use the command solve(4 x^2 y^2=1 x y,y);
and in Mathematica, we use Solve[4 x^2 y^ 2==1 x y,y] . We find that the curves have equations
2
1 13+4x 4x
y= .
2
2
To find the two points of intersection of these curves, we use the CAS to solve 13+4x 4x =0 , finding
1 14
that x= . So, using the CAS to evaluate the integral, the volume of intersection is
2
( 1+ 14 ) /2 ( 1+ 13+4x 4x
2
) /2 49

2 2
V= [(4 x y ) (1 x y)]dydx= .
8
( 1 14 ) /2
( 1 13+4x 4x
2
) /2
21
Stewart Calculus ET 5e 0534393217;15. Multiple Integrals; 15.4 Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates
1. The region R is more easily described by polar coordinates: R= { (r, )|0 r 2,0 2 } . Thus
2 2
f (x,y)dA= f (rcos ,rsin )r dr d .
R 0 0
2. The region R is more easily described by rectangular coordinates: R= { (x,y)|0 x 2,0 y 2 x} .

2 2 x
Thus f (x,y)dA= f (x,y)dydx .
R 0 0
3. The region R is more easily described by rectangular coordinates: R= { (x,y)| 2 x 2,x y 2} .

22
Thus f (x,y)dA= f (x,y)dydx .
R 2x

4. The region R is more easily described by polar coordinates: R=
/2 3
{ (r, )|1 r 3,0
2 } .
Thus f (x,y)dA= f (rcos ,rsin )r dr d .

R 0 1
5. The region R is more easily described by polar coordinates: R= { (r, )|2 r 5,0 2 } . Thus
2 5
f (x,y)dA= f (rcos ,rsin )r dr d .
R 0 2
6. The region R is more easily described by polar coordinates:

5 /4 2 2

R= { (r, )|0 r 2 2 ,
4

5
4 } . Thus
R
f (x,y)dA=
/4

0
f (rcos ,rsin )r dr d .
2 7
7. The integral r dr d represents the area of the region R= { (r, )|4 r 7, 2 } , the lower
4
half of a ring.
2 7 2 7
r dr d = d r dr
4 4
2 1 2 7 1 33
= r = ( 49 16 ) =
2 4 2 2
1
/2 4cos
8. The integral r dr d represents the area of the region R= { (r, )|0 r 4cos ,0 /2} .
0 0
2 2 2 2 2
Since r=4cos r =4rcos x +y =4x (x 2) +y =4 , R is the portion in the first quadrant of a
circle of radius 2 with center ( 2,0 ) .
/2 4cos /2 r=4cos /2
1 2

2
r dr d = r d = 8cos d
0 0 0 2 r=0 0
/2 /2
1
= 4(1+cos 2 )d =4 + sin 2
2 0
=2
0
9. The disk D can be described in polar coordinates as D= { (r, )|0 r 3,0 2 } . Then
2 3 2 3
xydA = (rcos )(rsin )r dr d = sin cos d
3
r dr
D
0 0 0 0
1 2 2 1 4 3
= sin r =0
2 0 4 0
10.
3 /2 2 3 /2 2
(x+y)dA = (rcos +rsin )r dr d =
2
r (cos +sin dr d
R
/2 1 /2 1
3 /2 2 2
1 3

2 3 /2
= (cos +sin d r dr = sin cos r
/2 3 1
/2 1
8 1 14
=( 1 0 1+0) =
3 3 3
2
11.
3 3

2 2
cos (x +y )dA = cos (r )r dr d =
2
d rcos (r )dr
2
R 00 0 0
1 2 3 1
= sin (r ) = (sin 9 sin 0)= sin 9
0 2 0 2 2
12.
/2 2 /2 2

2 2

2 2
4 x y dA = 4 r r dr d = d r 4 r dr
R /2 0 /2 0
/2 1 2 2 3/2 2 1 3/2 8
= (4 r ) = + (0 4 ) =
/2 2 3 0 2 2 3 3
13.
2 2 /2 2 2 /2 2 2
x y r r
e dA = e r dr d = d re dr
D /2 0 /2 0
2 2
/2 1 r 1 4 0 4
= e = (e e )= (1 e )
/2 2 0 2 2
/2 5 5 /2
rcos rcos
14. r dr d =
x 2
ye dA= (rsin )e r sin e d dr . First we integrate
R 0 0 0 0
/2
rcos

2
r sin e d : Let u=rcos du= rsin d , and
0
/2 u=0
rcos

2 u 0 r r
r sin e d = r e du= r[e e ]=re r . Then
0 u=r
5 /2 5 5
rcos 1 2 23
d dr= (re r)dr= re e
2 r r r 5
r sin e r =4e , where we integrated by parts in the
0 0 0 2 0 2
first term.
15. R is the region shown in the figure, and can be described by R= { (r, )|0 /4,1 r 2} .
/4 2
Thus arctan(y/x)dA= arctan(tan )r dr d
R 0 1
since y/x=tan . Also, arctan (tan )= for 0 /4 ,
so the integral becomes
3
/4 2 /4 2 /4 2
1 1 2 2 3 3

2 2
r dr d = d r dr= r =
= .
0 1 0 1 2 0 2 1 32 2 64
16.
= xdA xdA
xdA 2 2 2 2
D x +y 4 ( x 1 ) +y 1
x 0,y 0 y 0
/2 2 /2 2cos

2 2
= r cos dr d r cos dr d
0 0 0 0
/2 /2
1 1

4
= (8cos )d (8cos )d
0 3 0 3
8 8 3 3 /2
= cos sin + ( +sin cos )
3 12 2 0
8 2 3 16 3
= 0+ =
3 3 2 2 6
17. One loop is given by the region

D= { (r, ) /6 /6,0 r 3 } , so the area is
/6 cos 3 /6
dA = r dr d =
1 2
r
r=cos 3
d
D
/6 0 /6 2 r=0
/6 /6
1 1 1+cos 6

2
= cos 3 d =2 d
/6 2 0 2 2
4
1 1 /6
= + sin 6 =
2 6 0 12
18. D= { (r, )|0 2 ,0 r 4+3cos } , so

2 4+3cos 2 r=4+3cos 2
1 2 1
A(D) = dA= r dr d =
2
r d = (4+3cos ) d
D 0 0 0 2 r=0 2 0
2 2
1 1 1+cos 2
(16+24cos +9cos )d = 2
2
= 16+24cos +9 d
2 0 0 2
1 9 9 2 41
= 16 +24sin + + sin 2 =
2 2 4 0 2
19. By symmetry,
/4 sin /4 r=sin
1 2
A =2 r dr d =2 2
r
r=0
d
0 0 0
/4 /4
1

2
= sin d = (1 cos 2 )d
0 0 2
1 1 /4
= sin 2
2 2 0
1 1 1 1
= sin 0+ sin 0 = ( 2 )
2 4 2 2 2 8
5
5
20. 2=4sin implies that = or , so
6 6
5 /6 4sin 5 /6 r=4sin 5 /6
1 2

2
A= r dr d = r d = (8sin 2)d
/6 2 /6 2 r=2 /6
5 /6
4

5 /6
= [4(1 cos 2 ) 2]d = 2 2sin 2 = +2 3 .
/6 3
/6
2 3 2 3 3
1 4 81 81
(x +y )dA= (r )r dr d = d
2 2 2 3 2
21. V = r dr= r =2 =
2 2 0 0 0 0
0 4 0 4 2
x +y 9
2 2 2 2 2
22. The sphere x +y +z =16 intersects the xy plane in the circle x +y =16 , so

2 2
V =2 16 x y dA [by symmetry]
2 2
4 x +y 16
2 4 2 4
= 2 16 r r dr d =2 d
2 2 1/2
r(16 r ) dr
0 2 0 2
2 1 2 3/2 4 2 3/2 4
=2
0

3
(16 r ) =
2 3
(2 )(0 12 )=
3
( 12 12 ) =32 3
23. By symmetry,
2 a 2 a
a x y dA=2 a r r dr d =2 d
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
V =2 r a r dr
2 2 2 0 0 0 0
x +y a
2 1 2 2 3/2 a 1 3 4 3
=2 (a r ) =2(2 ) 0+ a = a
0 3 0 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
24. The paraboloid z=10 3x 3y intersects the plane z=4 when 4=10 3x 3y or x +y =2 . So
6
2 2
(10 3x 3y ) 4 dA=
2 2 2
V = (6 3r )r dr d
2 2 0 0
x +y 2
2 2
3 4 2

3 2 2
= d (6r 3r )dr= 3r r =6
0 0
0 4 0
2
intersects the sphere x +y +z =1 when x +y + ( ) =1 or x +y = 12 .
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
25. The cone z= x +y x +y
So
2 1/ 2
V =
2

2
( 1 x y
2 2
x +y
2 2
) dA= ( 2
)
1 r r r dr d
0 0
x +y 1/2
2 1/ 2
= d (r 1 r r
2 2
) dr= 2
0

1
3
2 3/2 1 3
(1 r )
3
r
1/ 2
0
0 0
1 1
= 2 1 = ( 2 2 )
3 2 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
26. The two paraboloids intersect when 3x +3y =4 x y or x +y =1 . So
2 1
[(4 x y ) 3(x +y )]dA=
2 2 2 2 2
V = 4(1 r )r dr d
2 2 0 0
x +y 1
2 1
4 1

3 2 2
= d (4r 4r )dr= 2r r =2
0 0
0 0
2 2 2 2
27. The given solid is the region inside the cylinder x +y =4 between the surfaces z= 64 4x 4y
2 2
and z= 64 4x 4y . So
V =
2

2
64 4x 4y
2 2
( 64 4x 4y
2 2
) dA
x +y 4
2 2
64 4x 4y dA=4
2 2 2
= 2 16 r r dr d
2 2 0 0
x +y 4
7
2 2 2
1
= 4 d
2 2 2 3/2
r 16 r dr=4 (16 r )
0 0
0 3 0
1 3/2 2/3 8
= 8
3
(12 16 )=
3
( 64 24 3 )
2 2 2 2
28. (a) Here the region in the xy plane is the annular region r x +y r and the desired volume is
1 2
twice that above the xy plane. Hence
2 r
2
r x y dA=2
2 2 2 2 2
V =2 r r r dr d
2 2 2 2
2 2
0 r
r x +y r 1
1 2
2 r
2
4 2 3/2 r 2 4
= 2 d
2 2 2 2 2 3/2
r r r dr= (r r ) = (r r )
0
2 3 2 r 3 2 1
r 1
1
2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2
(b) A cross sectional cut is shown in the figure. So r = h +r or h =r r .
2 2 1 4 2 1
4 1 2 3/2 3
Thus the volume in terms of h is V = h = h .
3 4 6
29.
1 1 x
2 /2 1 2
2 2

r

x +y
e dydx = e r dr d
0 0 0 0
8
/2 1 2

r
= d re dr
0 0
2 1
/2 1 r 1
= e = (e 1)
0 2 0 4
30.
/2 a /2 a

2 3/2 4
(r ) r dr d = d r dr
/2 0 /2 0
/2 1 5 a
= r
/2 5 0
1 5
= a
5
31.
2 2
= (sin cos ) d
2 2 2 5
(rcos ) (rsin ) r dr d r dr
00 0 0
2 2
1
=
5
sin 2 d r dr
0 2 0
1 1 1 1 6 2
= sin 4 r
4 2 8 0 6 0
1 64 4
= =
4 2 6 3
32.
9
/2 2cos /2 r=2cos
1 3

2
r dr d = r d
0 0 0 3 r=0
/2
8

3
= cos d
0 3
8 1 3 /2 16
= sin sin =
3 3 0 9
33. The surface of the water in the pool is a circular disk D with radius 20 ft. If we place D on
coordinate axes with the origin at the center of D and define f (x,y) to be the depth of the water at
( x,y ) , then the volume of water in the pool is the volume of the solid that lies above
{ 2 2
}
D= (x,y)| x +y 400 and below the graph of f (x,y) . We can associate north with the positive y
direction, so we are given that the depth is constant in the x direction and the depth increases linearly
in the y direction from f (0, 20)=2 to f (0,20)=7 . The trace in the yz plane is a line segment from
7 2 1
(0, 20,2) to (0,20,7) . The slope of this line is = , so an equation of the line is
20 ( 20 ) 8
1 1 9 1 9
z 7= (y 20) z= y+ . Since f (x,y) is independent of x , f (x,y)= y+ . Thus the volume is
8 8 2 8 2
given by f (x,y)dA , which is most conveniently evaluated using polar coordinates. Then
D
D= { (r, )|0 r 20,0 2 } and substituting x=rcos , y=rsin the integral becomes
2 20 2 r =20 2
1 9 1 3 9 2 1000
8
rsin +
2
r dr d = 24
r sin + r
4 r =0
d =
3
sin +900 d
0 0 0 0
1000 2
= cos +900 =1800
3 0
3
Thus the pool contains 1800
5655 ft of water.
34. (a) The total amount of water supplied each hour to the region within R feet of the sprinkler is
2 R 2 R
r r r r R
e r dr d = d
2
V = re dr= re e
0 0
0 0 0 0
= 2 [ Re R e R+0+1]=2 (1 Re R e R)ft3

10
(b) The average amount of water per hour per square foot supplied to the region within R feet of the
R R
sprinkler is
V
=
V
=
2 1 Re e 3
ft (per hour per square foot). See the definition
( )
areaofregion 2 2
R R
of the average value of a function on page 1022 [ET 986].
2
1 x 2 x 2 4 x
35. xydydx+ xydydx+ xydydx
1/ 2 2 1 0 2 0
1 x
/4 2 /4 4 r =2
r

3
= r cos sin dr d = cos sin d
0 1 0 4 r =1
/4 2 /4
15 15 sin 15
=
4
sin cos d =
4 2 0
=
16
0
2 a a
36. (a) e
(x +y )
2 2
dA= re
r
2
dr d =2
1
2
e
r
2
=
0
( 1 e ) for each a . Then
a
2
D 0 0
a

lim

( 1 e ) = a
2
since e
a
2
0 as a . Hence e
(x +y )
2 2
dA= .
a
2 2 a a 2 2 a 2 a 2
(x +y ) x y x y
(b) e dA= e e dxdy= e dx e dy for each a .
S a a a a
a
Then, from (a), =

2 2
(x +y )dA , so
2
R
2 2 a 2 a 2 2 2
(x +y ) x y x y
=lim e dA=lim e dx e dy = e dx e dy .
a S a a a
a
a 2 a 2
x y
To evaluate lim e dx e dy , we are using the fact that these integrals are bounded.
a a a
11
2 2 2
x x x x x
This is true since on 1,1 , 0<e 1 while on ( , 1 ) , 0<e e and on ( 1, ) , 0<e <e .
2 1 1
x x 1
e dx+ dx+ e dx=2(e +1) .
x
Hence 0 e dx
1 1
2 2 2 2
x y x
(c) Since e dx e dy = and y can be replaced by x , e dx = implies that

2 2 2
x x x
e dx= . But e 0 for all x , so e dx= .

(d) Letting t= 2 x , e
x
2
dx=
1
2
(e ) 2
t /2
dt , so that =
1
2
e
2
t /2
dt or e
2
t /2
dt= 2 .

2 2
x 1 x
37. (a) We integrate by parts with u=x and dv=xe dx . Then du=dx and v= e , so
2
2 t 2 2 t t 2
2 x 2 x 1 1
+
x x
xe dx = lim xe dx=lim xe e dx
0 t 0 t 2 0 0 2
2 2 2
1 1 x 1 x

t
= lim te + e dx=0+ e dx [by l’Hospital’s Rule]
t 2 2 0 2 0
2 2
1 x

x
= e dx [since e is an even function]
4
1
= [by Exercise 36(c)]
4
2
(b) Let u= x . Then u =x dx=2udu
t t 2 2
x x u 2 u
x e dx = lim x e dx=lim ue 2udu=2 u e du
0 t 0 t 0 0
1 1
= 2 [by part(a)]=
4 2
12

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1002 ❙❙❙❙ CHAPTER 15 MULTIPLE INTEGRALS

|||| 15.3 Exercises

25. Enclosed by the cylinders z x 2, y x 2 and the planes

4y 27. Bounded by the cylinder x 2 y 2 1 and the planes y z,

; 29. Use a graphing calculator or computer to estimate the

16. yy xy 2 dA, D is enclosed by x 0 and x s1 y 2

19–28 |||| Find the volume of the given solid.

bounded by y x and y x 4 integration.

55. Evaluate xxD x 2 tan x y 3 4 dA, where

_1 0 x CAS 58. Graph the solid bounded by the plane x y z 1 and

|||| 15.4 Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates

FIGURE 1 (a) R=s(r, ¨) | 0¯r¯1, 0¯¨¯2πd (b) R=s(r, ¨) | 1¯r¯2, 0¯¨¯πd

¨ (See Section 10.3.)

FIGURE 3 Polar rectangle FIGURE 4 Dividing R into polar subrectangles

The “center” of the polar subrectangle

12 ri ri1 ri ri1

which is a Riemann sum for the double integral

yy f x, y dA lim   f r* cos  *, r* sin  *

2 Change to Polar Coordinates in a Double Integral If f is continuous on a polar rect-

∫ ¨=å 3 If f is continuous on a polar region of the form

and this agrees with Formula 10.4.3.

|||| 15.4 Exercises

5. y 6. y 21. Under the paraboloid z x 2 y 2 and above the

26. Bounded by the paraboloids z 3x 2 3y 2 and

is constant along east-west lines and increases linearly from

at a distance of r feet from the sprinkler.

(This is a fundamental result for probability and statistics.)

|||| 15.5 Applications of Double Integrals

Density and Mass

dy= ( ye ey) dy=

Because the region of integration is

Because the region of integration is

Because the region of integration is

Because the region of integration is

Because the region of integration is

53. Since m f (x,y) M , mdA f (x,y)dA M dA by (8)

55. (x tan x+y +4) dA= x tan xdA+ y dA+

symmetric with respect to the y axis, so

is symmetric with respect to the x axis, so

(x tan x+y +4)dA=4

2. The region R is more easily described by rectangular coordinates: R= { (x,y)|0 x 2,0 y 2 x} .

3. The region R is more easily described by rectangular coordinates: R= { (x,y)| 2 x 2,x y 2} .

Thus f (x,y)dA= f (rcos ,rsin )r dr d .

6. The region R is more easily described by polar coordinates:

17. One loop is given by the region

18. D= { (r, )|0 2 ,0 r 4+3cos } , so

= 2 [ Re R e R+0+1]=2 (1 Re R e R)ft3

Then, from (a), =

S-ar putea să vă placă și

yy f x, y dA lim f r* cos , r sin *

2. The region R is more easily described by rectangular coordinates: R= { (x,y)|0 x 2,0 y 2 x} .

3. The region R is more easily described by rectangular coordinates: R= { (x,y)| 2 x 2,x y 2} .

= 2 [ Re R e R+0+1]=2 (1 Re R e R)ft3