FORM TP 21229

EXAMINATION ADVANCEDPROFICIENCY
PHYSICS UNIT 02 - Paper02 2 hours15minutes

MAY/JUNE 2OOI

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

READ THE FOLLOWING

INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

l. Z.

of NINE questions. This paperconsists must attemptALL Candidates of THREE questions. A consists Section be written in this must section this for Answers in this section. questions answerbooklet. must attemptTHREE SectionB consistsof SIX questions. Candidates questionsin this section,ONE questionfrom EACH Module. Answers for this section must be written in the answerbooklet provided. All working MUST be clearly shown.

3.

4.

council Examinations copyright @ 2001caribbean All rightsreserved.

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LIST OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

c Ito eo e h u
me

Speedof light in free space Permeabiliry of free space Permittiviry of free space Elementary charge The Planck constant Unified atomic mass constant Rest mass of electron Rest mass of proton Acceleration of free fall I Atmosphere Avogadro's number

3.00x108Tr-t 4n x l0-7Hm-t 8 . 8 5x l 0 - r 2 F m - r 1.60 x 10-re C 6.63x10-3aJs 1.66 x 10-27 kg 9.ll x 10-3rkg | .67x l0-27kg 9 . 8 1m s - 2 1.00x105Nm-z per mole 6.02x 1023

mP I Atm N1

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SECTIONA Attempt ALL questions. You MUST write in this answerbooklet.Youmust NOT spendmore than 30 minuteson this section.

1.

(a)

You are askedto do an experimentto investigatehow the resistance, R, of a thermistor varies with the temperature0. (i) OutlineTWO precautions thatyou would taketo improvethe accuracy of your results.

[2 marks]
(ii)

Construct a suitable circuitthatcouldbe usedfor this investigation.

[2 marks]

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I
i

I i

(b)

for a thermistor' Table 1 shows a typical set of results

+ - 1o*3/I(-r

Table 1 o't where R1 and Ro are the resistancesat Rr = Ro" The thermistor obeys the relationship the graPh is a constantdependenton the tnut"tiul. Use T K and ZiiKresiectively, and A on page 5 to calculate values for (i) the constantA

[ 3 marksJ (ii)
Ro using a value for T of 333 K'

[ 3 marks] Total L0 marks

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-5-

Graph of ln R1 vs

r- rr

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lo'3

-6the An operationalamplifier has a very large open loop gain Ao. The graph below shows how gain varies with frequencY.

2.
Gain

I t,
I I

ft

I !.' fi n

L ['

10 (a)

102

103

104

los

106

107

f tHz.

Draw a circuit diagram to show how the amplifier could be used over a wider range of at a reducedgain. frequencies

[3 marks] -.---* .;,*. GO ON TO TIIE NEXT PAGE

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- 7(b)

What feature allowsthegainto be reduced?

[1 mark ]
(c)

what adjustment canyou maketo your circuitto

lowerthe gain?

[2 marks]
(d) what effect(s)wourd rhis haveon rhe amprifier?

[2 marks]
(e)

G i v e n t h a t r h e c l o s e d l o o p g a i n i s related to the open loop gain by the equation AO AwherePisanegativ e fraction of output fed back ro the input, calculate I + FAo .

a value of p when 4

= lOsandA - 102.

[2 marks] Total 10 marks

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-8that you can perform in the laboratory to show the Describean experiment of P-Particles. existence

3.

(a)

(i)

[3 marks] (i i)
of a p-particle? How can you determinethe sign of the charge

[1 mark J

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- 9(b)

(i)

X-raysareproduced by accelerating electrons througha potentialdifference of 40 000 V beforethey strikea target. Thereis a minilnu- cut-off wavelength l,o, produced.Calculate the valueof l,o.

[5 marksJ (ii) What change occurs in )'o if the accelerating potential difference is doubled?

[1 mark Total 10 marks

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SECTION B You must attempt THREE questionsfrom this section. ChooseONE question EACH from Module 1, 2 and 3. You MUST rvrite your answersin the answerbookletprovided. MODULE 1 Answer EITHER Question4 OR Question 5. 4.
(a)

(i)

Definethe volt. Usethis definitionto derivetherelationship P = IV

(ii)

Theelement of an electricheater is madeof a highresistance wire, of resistance 7.90ohms.A potential difference of I 15V is applied to theelement.Determine thecurrentin the wire andthepowerbeingused by the heater. What happens to power the if the potentialdifference is halved?What assumptions, if any,have you made? [10 marks]

(b)

(i)

StateKirchhoff's laws.

(ii)
L2 A Lamp

IB

g{]lg

0.10 s2

r4.0 v

Figure 1. Abatteryof e.m.f 12.0V andinternal resistance 0.011ohmspowersa lamp of resistance 1.20ohms,while at the sametime it is beingcharged by a charger of internalresistance 0.10 ohms,seeFigure l. The charger can be considered to act as a batteryof e.m.f 14.0V. Calculatethe currents Ib Is and /5, passing throughthe lamp, batteryand chargerrespectively. [10 marksl

**t::.:".u'
I

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5.

(a )

Give a detailed explanationof the origin of the Hall effect and say what is the Hall potential difference. Include a diagram showing clearly any relevani vector quantities, for a specimenin which electronconductionpredominates. I g marks]

(b)

(i)

A rectangularslice of semi-conductingmaterial of thickness2.5 mm carries a culrent of 150 mA as shown in Figure 2. When a magnetic field of flux densiry0.5 T is directed into the material parallel to the side of length 2.5 mm, a p.d of 8.75mV acrossits edgesis produceddue to the Hall effect. Calculate the number of chargecarriers per-unit volume, given that the magnitude of the chargeof each carrieris 1.6 x 10-lec. Explain your calculation.

2.s mm$

Figure 2 ( ii ) Deducewhat type of materialis bestsuitedfor a largeHall potentialdifference. How do the magnitudeof the magnetic field and the thicknessof the material affect the Hall potentialdifference? [12 marks]

Total 20 marks

-.-<*al.r-

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-12Module 2 7' AnsrverEITHER Question6 or Question to obtain a sum' They are of logic gatesthat combinebinary digits Adders arecombinations to theiraUitityto combinethosedigits' classifiedaccording [1 mark ] (Ex-oR) gate write downrherrurhtablefor rheExcrusive-oR (a)
of four NAND gateswith the inputs A and The circuit in Figure 3 shows a combination B, and outPutY.

6.

(b)

Figure 3 (i) the truthtablefor the circuit' Construct [5 marks]

(ii),Describeinwordsthelogicfunctionofthecircuit.

(c)

(i)

of a half addershowing clearly the inputs using the EX-OR gate,draw a circuit A and B and the outputs of the circuit'
rerr Ee-- circuit Yvthe Lrrv full-adder Hence show how circuits.

(ii)

can be implemented from two half-adder

t5 marksl

(d)

for the addition of the two binary -r the ---- operation show the block diagram and explain [9 marks] numbers 110 and 101 using adders'

Total 20 marks

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- 1 37.
(a)

o
[3 marks]

Give THREE properties of an idealoperational amplifier.

(b)

For the non-inverting amplifiershownin Figure4, showthat the closedloop voltage gain,A, is givenby R" A = I *;"
I\i

-15v
Figure 4

[5 marks]
(c)

RI= 100 k S) and Ri = 20k f). (i) (ii)

Determine the closed loop gain. When this circuit is usedit saturates at + l3V. If it is to be avoided,what is the maximum input voltagethatcan be used? Determinethe output voltagefor a sinusoidal signal of peak input voltage 3 V. Sketchthe resultingoutputsignal. [7 marks]

(iii) (iv)

(d)

It is desiredto combine three signalsv vz and v3 to producean output t, Vo = -Vt - 4Vz 12V3. The input resistance at the inputs must not be less than l0 k el and all resistor values must be less than 200 kCl. Design a circuit to achievethis objective.

[5 marks] Total 20 marks

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-14' Module 3 9' Answer EITHER Question8 OR Question Ez - E' = hf equation by the mathematical described process thephysical Discuss whatEACH termrepresents' andstate what energy by the term'work function'? State What do you understand anelectron causing on a surface, whenlight is incident prace takes ransformation quantities' the relevant to be emitted,andgive an equatiJnrelating [8 marks]

8.

(a)

(i)

(ii)

G)

an efficiency of 2'5Vo' Assumtng light bulb rated at 60 w operateswith An incandescent thatthelightemittedisofwavelength550nm,determinethe (i) (ii) energy of each Photon emitted number of photonsemitted per second' [7 marks]

(c)

will electronsbe a surfaceof work function 2.05 e-V If the emitted light is incidenr on energy? what wiil their maximum kinetic emitted from th! surface and if so

( l e . V = 1 . 6x 1 0 ' t e J ;

[5 marks] Total 20 marks

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-15following statements?

9.

(a)

by the What do you understand (i) (ii) (iii)

t[C ttusa half-life of 55 secs' tfc ttut a decaY-constant of 1 . 2 5 x 1 0 ' 2s - t . of decaY The radioactive tfC is a random and spontaneousprocess'
not affect radioactive decay' [ 7 marks]

(b)

that does Name oNE external condition

I lmark J

(c)

g of pure 3.5 x 10-6 contains sample A radioactive with time' t' A of the samPle acdviry,

the tjc. rn" table below correlates

A/decaY s-t 1.05 x 1014

+

I.40 x l0r3 1 . 8 3x l 0 r r I 2.40 x 10r 3 . 1 0x 1 0 r o

Determinethe (i). (ii) (iii) (iv) number of nuclei presentinitially constant decaY half life activitY after 8 hours

(v)numberofradioactivenucleiremainingafterShours.

lt 2 marksl Total 20 marks

END OF TEST

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