for

Idea,s

Bright

SYLVANIA

BRIGHT IDEAS FOR RECESSED LIGHTING

By

Elizabeth

A.

Meehan

Residential Lighting Consultant

Recessed

lighting is one of the newer, more subtle and delightful ways of providing light for

seeing

and decoration

in

today's home.

Properly used and with suitable incandescent or fluorescent fixtures, recessed lighting can meet every

home lighting need.

It

can supply basic general illumination . . . the soft overall lighting for an entire room.

It

can furnish

the local lighting needed for specific tasks. And

it

can provide the decorative finishing touch

of ltccent

lighting, enhancing an unusual v'ali treatment, a picture or a piece of sculpture.

Recessed

lighting is built in. It is structurally rnstalled in special lixtures aboue the ceiling. Only its

decorative trim or diffusing element is visibie on

the ceiling surface. This unobtrusive lighting

treatment avoids the clutter of too many wall and

ceiling fixtures, floor and table lamps, found in

so many modern space-cramped homes.

At the

same time

it

can create a lighting environment of

unusual charm and distinction. This booklet is not intended as a complete guide.
Its purpose is to give an understanding of the
basic principies

of both incandescent and fluores-

cent recessed lighting, and how

as

it performs

well

as

to show you some examples of hoq,

attractively and effectively it can soive the

practical problems of general, local and accent

lighting in the home.

FIRST STEPS

IN PLANNING
it's important to know first the available depth

Since recessed fixtures are installed above the ceiling,

of installation space beru,een the ceiling and the floor above it. Recessed units are availabie in sizes from 4 to 12 inches deep, although modern home construction seldom allorvs for units deeper than

10

inches.

Second, the direction and location

of thc supporting ceiling joists or wooden members must be knoq'n

since recessed units are mounted bettL'eett ;orsts. Joists are usually 16 inches

on center, therefore

for most incandescent units and for smali fluorescent units. But if a fluorescent unit several feet iong is desired, it
there is 14 inches available betq,een joists for recessing equipment. This is adequate

must be installed parallel to the joists.

It's usualiy easier to design a recessed lighting plan in the blueprint stage of a

nevn' house because

this

information is readiiy available. In the carefully checked.

c'.rse

of an existing

home, these structural elements must be

To determine the placement of recessed fixtures for general, local or accent lighting, it's wise to make
a scale drawing

of the room, shou'ing the position of all furniture. Then indicate on the drawing the

exact location

of thc lixtures in relation to the furnishings.

At the same rime the color schcme and general surface finish of your room must be considered. Light colors reflect light, helping to increase illumination and spread it more uniformlv. Dark colors, on the
other hand, absorb and waste light. Matte or non-glossy surfaces are preferable to shiny surfaces such
as stainless steel

or glass desk tops which are

soLrrces

of reflected glare.

Light colors and matte finishes on large room surfaces, such as walls and floors, are recommended for the most comfortable seeing conditions. To avoid an annoying brightness difference between any lighting fixture and its surrounding area, the ceiling should be white or very light. Light should also be reflected on the ceiiing from the walls and floors. Light colored rugs and draperies help do this.

RECESSED FIXTURES

You'll find basic information on the various types of recessed fixtures in the table on This illustrates and gives definitions of fixture hor-rsings, reflectors and shielding devices
the general terms used in referring to recessed units throughout this booklet. You should

4, 5. as weil as lind it helpful

pages

for frequent reference.

\rHAT YOU SHOULD

HOUSINGS
INCANDESCENT
FLUORESCENT

KNO\X/

RECTANGUI.AR

re
/l:a
SGIUARE

ROUND

CAN

HOUSINGS are metal cans or boxes installed above the

bulb, are generally less than a square foot in area. FLUORESCENT recessed fixtures are commonly rectangular and use a double row of lamps. Four-foot trnits are generally recommended for home use. Squate units, 2 to 4-foot square with multiple rows of lamps,
are also r.rsed for special applications.

ceiling, which contain the incandescent or fluorescent

source. The light can escape in only one direction d,oun. Sizes of housing opening determines downward beam of light. Width and direction of beam can

light

be changed by shielding devices or

reflectors. one

INCANDESCENT housings usually take oniy

REFLECTORS

LAMPS

iAi

K=J
(IOO WArr BULB)
STANDAR.D

H
DEEP

t\

li

1\

n rt
/\ /\

L'
.J[,:lJ-

11
/\
(PAR 38)
PAR

REFTECIOR

REFLECTORS are concave metal plates around the bulb or lamp that redirect the light. Sballou reflectors, of painted or polished metal, usually spread light in a wide pattern. Deep reflectors, usually polished aluminum, concentrate the light for greatef intensity in a small area.

REFLECTOR or PAR LAMPS are used with

recc'ssed

downligl"rts that do not have e built-in rellector. These

fixmres use 71R30, 1t0R40, or 150PAR 38 lamps according to manufacturer's instructions. Recessed
squares, rounds, and downlights

with a reflector,

com-

monly call for 60N7, 100\7, or 150N7 standard bulbs.

ABOUT RECESSED FIXTURES

SHIELDING
BA FFTES

TOUVERS

IENSES
i: .
.

6.') \SZl
Concentric

,-

': . .: t::t.

B
Lrsed as

Pinpoint

Prismotic

Ploslic or Glsss

DIFfUSERS

3 Ring

@ w
Egg

@
crdte Fresnel

@
Dropped

SHIELDING DEVICES are needed in modern houses because most ceiling construction does not permit locating the bulb deep enough ro prevenr its being seen from nolltai viewing angles. Shielding prevenrs direct viewing of the bLrlb thereby prevenring uncornfortable glare. BAFFLES are llat mc.tal plates designed to shield
tl're

LENSES are a type of molded glass or plastic shielding that enclose the fixture. They are designed to soften and redirect the light beam by refraction. Pri.rmatic lenses usualiy produce a very lorl, surface brightness. Fre.rnel lenses efficiently spread the light bearn in a

wide pattern.

bulb from sight at the normal viewing angie of 4)o. A baflle may be a single horizontal piece of metal
a faceplate. Better yet is a series of 3 horizontal bafiles mounted one above the other. Balfles provide a rvall.

sharply defined conical pattern when mounred close

of glass or plastic and also enclose the 6xture. They do not control the direction of the bearn, br,rt scatter it to give a slightly softer light. A dropped dilluser extends an inch or so below the surface, allowing some light to flow on the surrounding
DIFFUSERS are cciling, but it is generally uncomfortably bright unless equippecl u,itl'r a good rellector.

to a

LOUVERS arc a fonn of open vertical shielding across the botton-r of a lixture. Ustrally of painted black metal one-half to one inch deep. Available in concenrric rings, parallel bars, or patterns of hexagons, circles or squares. Open construction makes them easier to clean. They do not give as sharp a pattern on a wall as a baffle downlight.

TRIM of a rccessed fixture is usually a metal fl.ange or collar. It can be flush with the ceiling or may overlap the plaster. Flanges may have a metal or painted surface to harmonize with the ceiling. Dropped flanges of perforated metal or decorated glass can be used for
aclded decorative effect.

ffirru BB
A,N
OPEN REFTECTOR DOWNLIGHT
BAFFTE

TYPICAL RECESSED FIXTURES

ffirut

l'ry

B
SPOT

PINPOINT

IOUVERED

DOWNTIGHT

m,ffi
EYEBATL

HI-HAT

cor.ricirl

patern of light distribution. HI-HAT a rrcani' with a 3 to 6 inch aperture, designecl for use q.'ith an incandescent lamp with built-in reflector. In homes it should always have a louver.

- as baffles or louvers. A downlight open sl.riclding slrch rvhen mounted close to a wall produces an oval or

Any recessed "can" with or without

a given surface. These elirninate the spill" light of

oval clistribr:tion.

A semi-recessed sphere, partially - ceiiing, which can be rotated and exposed beneath the angled to direct light where it is wanted. It can be
EYEBALL UNIT
directed 35o
rotationREGRESSED LENS

to 41o from the verticai and has 358"

PINPOINT SPOT a can with a 1 to 2Vz inch - produce a narrow beam of light aperrure designed ro
unobtrusive manner. The narrow aperture reduces the efficiency of these units considerably. Adjustable shutter types have movable plares or shutters in combination with lenses to confine the light exactly to

in an

above the ceiling faceplate, fixture itself.

SEMI-RECESSED FIXTURE

one that is set about an inch

up inside the recessed

one dropped

below the ceiling.

RECESSED

LIGHTING I:OR GENEITAL ILLUN'fINATION

o
of light

Generd/ i//uttt.irt,ttictu is thc soit overall basic lightrng that crcatcs a fccling of sp'.rcior-rsncss and enhanccs

room appcarance.

It

proviclcs casier secing rrncl grcatcr c1'c comfort, making a room morc livablc.
trncl acccnt ligl-rting arc usccl, they crcatc visually clisturbing pools
c'.rLrsc

In rooms q'here only local

and shadou'. Sucl-r severe brightness contr2lsts

cvc fatigue bccausc thc eye musclcs must constantly

usc-cl rcccsscd

adjust to marked diffcrencc-s in brigl-rtness. Properlv

gencral li-qhting supplics

zr

h'.rrmonious

relaxingbackground of irght, reducing brightncss contrasts ancl uniff ing thc total lighting cnvironnrcnt.

LIGHTING LARGE N(/ALL AREAS

Soft general iilumination can bc proviclcci by

lighting a rvall or v'alis u'ith

recessccl ceiling

fixtures. This has tr,lo advantagcs.

It

brings

out the character and beauty of thc u'all trczrtment and rellects soft general light from the vertical surface b'.rck int<-r the room. \Walls of
course mllst bc

light in

color.

Plal,inr: Lrp distinctive u'a1ls ancl u'tr11 featr-trcs

is erisily accomplished by usrng ir serics of open

incandescent

r,ttt,n/iShtr. Thc dircctional

character of thc beam of

light from these units

emphasizes the architectural inrport'.rnce of masonry fircplacc areas or ri'alls of brick or stonc

and bringinll out interesting irregular surfaccs.

thror'r'ing mortar joints into shadou'

Dor.vnlights also give a special quality of depth

and textural interest to drapery fabrics and

\\'oven r,vall hangings. They reveal the rich

graining and dcpth of color in paneled

to great advantage.

i.r'ails.

They also display bas-relief tiles ancl stincl sculpturing

For best results, such opcn-reflcctor dou'nlights

the wall edge or drapery.

ancl

non-adjustablc r-rnits should bc mor-rntccl

in

e
t,..,

line along the ceiling approximatelt' 32 inches apart ancl 12 inchcs fnrm the centcr of thc unit

CREATING LIGHT-AND-SHADO\fl PATTERNS

Creating a decorative light-and-shador"' pattern on a plain u,al1 surface is a deiightful use
cenr recessed units. The subtle overlapping

of

incandes-

iight from a rou' of separate light

sources casts a pleasing

conical pattern or scallop. The overlap of the conical pattern or scallop is determined by the distance
bets'een the fixtures as rvell as the distance from the rvall. Adjustable dou'nligbts or el,ehdlls are partic-

ularly suited for creating this dramatic effect. These units should be mounted 32 inches apart and 20 to 24 inches from the center of the fixture to the u'all. The wall surface should be light in color and

with good reflectance

NTASHING \ZALLS

value.

\(/ITH LIGHT
from a recessed

Another pleasing iighting effect can be created by using uall uashers or lens ttrips, These are special
rypes of rellectors or lenses designed to eiiminate the conical pattern normally delivered

fixture. They bend the light rays to give an even line of light across the top of the u'all as u'ell as rela-

tively even downu'ard distribution.

The efiect is a subtiy glou'ing rl'all rather than an obviously illuminated one.

It

is excel.lent for displal'-

ing paintings or enhancing rich drapery fabrics. The fixtr,rre manufacturer's instailation instructions
should be carefulli' follou'ed to achieve the desirccl cffect.

In

homes, ruall uasherJ are commonly placccl 3 feet

in from the u'all

because

of the relatively small

fron-r

scale

cf the rooms and the conventional S-foot ceiling height. Units may be mounted u'ith centers

3 feet to

feet apart, according to manufacturer's dircctions.

FLUORESCENT WALL TREATMENTS

Uniform overall u,all lighting also can be achieved

by using long recessed fluorescent units cal1ed

troffers, These can be used of course only to illuminate wails where the joists are parallel to the wa1l. Such fluorescent units provide a long even line

of light across the top of the wall, creating the

effect of a skylight. Such lighting particuiarly
enhances mural treatments, creating a sensation of

depth and spaciousness. They should be mounted

close to the

as

wall

as possible.

Both general and local lighting can be suppiied when

recessed flaoretcenl

units are used along a closet wall.

When the closet doors are closed, they act as zr reflecting surface redirecting light bzrck into the room. \7hen
doors are open, the light illuminates the closet interior.
Recessed fluorescent units are also

a practical

choice

for kitchens and laundries. \7hen mounted above the

sink, range or other working areas, the diffuse quality
and wide distribution of light gives good local lighting

for the task at hand,

room illumination. GENERAL

as

well as providing

general

LIGHTING
recessed in,candescenl

series

of

units evenly spaced over the entire ceilingarea is frequently used for

recreation rooms, family rooms, or hallways.

If

higher levels of light are desired, recessed fl.uorescent

units are used. These techniques avoid the clutter of surface-mounted fixtures and allow for an even

distribution

of

Iight.

Recessed equipment

with

cliffusers

or Fresnel

lenses

are best for this purpose.

recessed

At

least twice as many

units as surface-mounted fixtures are needed

for general illumination. Distance berween units

should not exceed distance to the floor. That is, in
a

\>-

room with B-foot ceiling height, the recessed units

should not be more than B feet apart in any direction.

If

fixtures are placed further apart, a spotty appear-

ance results. Also this restricts general use of rhe room, because activities must be confined

to scattered
d

"pools" of light.

If

recessed units are used

without special reflectors,

it's sometimes wise to use a Target size unit than is

needed

for the wattage required. This reduces the

brightness on the shielding glass or plastic.

RECESSED

LIGHTING FOR LOCAL ILLUMINATION

Local ligbtizg is used over snzrll areas for a specific task or urctivity, such as reading, sewing, preparing

food, or grooming.
Up to a certain point, thc more light you pur on a tzrsk thc easier it is to see. Hor.r'ever, the quality of the

light is .just
i)

as important as thc cluantity. For most horne seeing tasks, the

light should be soft and

differences

dilJa:e i,r'ith a minirnum

of

shadori's.

To avoicl cyc fatigue frorn uncomfortable brightness

betrveen the lighted u'orking arca and the general surroundings, general room

illumination should

alu,ays be used
Recessed

u'ith local lighting.

r-rsed

lighting for local illumination can be

in every room in the house. And naturally a recessed

located directly over the task. Recessed rounds and

unit supplies the greatest anount of light i.i'hen it

.t(lu//re.t or sbieldecl dotanlights or hi-bats are

is

all

suitable for local lighting. The regretsed Fresnel

lens is particularly good because of its wide
spread

of light.

READING LIGHT
OVER CHAIRS OR SOFAS
This should be located with the recessed unit
centered over the front edge of the seating cushion.

Adequate general illumination must be supplied

from other sources to make this a comfortable

instailation. A distinctive way of lighting a large
curved sofa is to locate a recessed unit over each
seat,

with the series in an arc that repeats the

form of the furniture.

For excellent local lighting in a smart architectural

I I

manner, recessed fl,uorescent units also are used over a chair or sofa. The quality of light from a

recessed

fluorescent source is more diffuse than from incandescent. For information on selecting the right shade

of fluorescentwhite light, write Sylvania for the helpful "Lighting Color Guide" booklet (R-338).
For best results, use a 24-inch square unit v'ith four or six 20 watt fluorescent lamps when lighting
a

lounge chair. A 48-inch two-lamp fiuorescent unit is effective when recessed in a soffit (a section dropped

belou' the ceiling) above a desk or love seat set against the rvall. This not only delivers

high-level lighting of good quality but also

pleasingly washes the rvall u'ith light and con-

tributes to genertrl room illumination.

LIGHTING SHEET MUSIC

For lightlng piano or organ music racks, recessed
units such as eyeballs or adjustable dorunlights
are the best choice. One

unit with a i 50 watt PAR

38 reflector lamp angled on the sheet of music

provides good light for reading the music. The

unit should be centered above and approximately

24 inches from the music rack. Better yet, use two
units, angled on the music and set about 30
inches apart. General lighting should always be
used

with this type of installation.

LIGHTING GAME TABLES AND PORTABLE EQUIPMENT

For card tables, ironing boards, portable sewing machines and other equipment that is put up and taken

down frequently, recessed units make an ideal light source. The light is where

it

is needed but unobtru-

sive when not in use. And the bother of moving floor or table lamps to the task area is eliminated.

For lighting of particularly good quality at a card table, four dounligbts with 75 watt R30 reflector
lamps may be used, 30 inches apart over each corner of the table. This light, coming from four directions, reduces shadows and giare on the playing cards.

For ping-pong, billiard

zrncl

iarge game tables tn'o 2-lamp ,i8-inch recessed flaorescent units

recessed incant/escen./ r-rnits

u'ith 150 u,att R40 reflector flood lamps are recommended.

or two

LIGHTING SINKS, IRONERS, \(/ORK COUNTERS

For such stationary work areas, including both

wall and island counters

incanclcscent recessed units are suitable. Twt-l clr

either fluorescent or

three i2'inch squares or doutnlightr 16-inch on

4fi-inch 2-Iamp fluorescentr fixture over a sink, rvill give excellent iight. In the case
center

or

zr

of long counter work areas in the kitchen or

bar counter in the famlly room, an incandescent

bi-bat or square should be instalied 16 inches on
cenrer for even distribution.

SE\rING LIGHT
Since sewing is the most exacting

of ordinary

eye tasks,

light which

casts some directional shadow is

desirable. This makes seeing easier u'hen using dark thread on dark cloth sewing aneyeball or adjustable dounli.ght is recommended so the light

for example. For

machine

will

strike the needle at a graz-

ing angle. The fixture should be mounted slightiy to the left of the needle and toward the user.

LIGHT FOR READING

Recessed

IN BED

units for reading in bed should be located far enough in from the wall to cast light directly

over the lap of the reader. Incandescent units with regressed Fresnel lenses provide a good spread of

light although baffie dounligbts and squares may also be used.

For a room occupied by two people, one of v"hom likes to read and the other to sleep, an atllustable
shutter pi.npoint spot keeps "spill" light out of thc sleeper's eyes by conlining the light beam to a small
area. However, this is a compromise solution, not recommended

for prolonged reading.

For a higher level of light of better quality, shielded 2-Iamp low-brightness recessed fluorescent units
may be used over the head of the bed. For king-size beds inches

with a single headboard, two units 36 or 48

long ( depending on the width of the area to be lighted ) should be used. Be sure to check the

direction of the joists in the ceiling before buying any fixtures over 14 inches long.

MIRROR AND BATHROOM LIGHTING

For dressing tables and bathroom mirfors, large area low brightness recessed fl.uorescent units are recommended for unifom shadow-free lighting. Such units should be long enough to throw light on the

vertical planes of the face. Because they give a harsher quality of light, incandescent units are not
recommended

for mirror lighting, although

recessed s(lutzrer

with diffusing glass may be used if they

are located rro more than 18 inches apart centered over the sink counter. They should be used

in

con-

junction with wall brackets on either side of the mirror. For enclosed showers or baths, uapor-proof (water-tight) recessed incandescent units with diffusing
glass should be used.

A matching

recessed

unit can be used in an enclosed toilet compartment. Infrared

lamps are used in recessed fixtures for bathrooms to provide immediate heat when needed.

RECESSED ACCENT LIGHTING Accent ligbting is decorative lighting.

It

dramatizes the focal points

in a room that give it personality

and distinction, highlighting pictures, statuary, china, and unusual architectural features.

Used alone, accent lighting is too theatrical and uncomfortable

for the home. It is not designed for seeing tasks and additional general or local lighting must always be used with it. However, recessed accent lighting can provide a vaiety of charming effects that add the glamorous finishing touches to
basic home illumination.

In most cases the incandescent bulb is the preferred light source for accent lighting. That's because it's a "point" Iight source, emitting a highly directional light which creates brilliant highlights and deep
shadows.

Highlight and shadow are the two factors that create drama and visual stimulation against the background of general room illumination. The three-dimensional modeling of light and shadow
brings out the depth of objects, displaying plants, flowers and sculpture more effectively and artistically.

Best suited for accent

lighting

are open refl,ectors, baffle tloutnligbts,

pinpoint spots and lou.uered bi.-hats,

all incandescent

recessed fixtures q,hich

allow the light to flow straight dor,r'n. $Zhen light is required at

an angle, the eyeball unit can be used.

necessary

All of these units

provrde the relatively narrov. beam

of light

for skillful accent lighting.

ACCENTING PLANTERS AND FLO\7ER ARRANGEMENTS

Accent lighting for planters not only enhanccs their decorative value but the additional light and heat
encourage their grou.,th. Incandcsceot hi-hdts and louaered

or

baffie dou,nligbts provide an effective

interplay of light and shadou' on the foliage. Tu'o or tnore units 15 to 24 inches apart depending on the
size

of the planter, create a more intercsting effect because of the criss-crossing of shadows.

For a higher level of light over a planter, use a 2-lamp fluorescent troffer recessed in the ceiling trbove or in a dropped sof6t" The troffcr should be approximately the same length
tl"re
as

planter. This type of installation also makes

delightful halirvay or passage illumination.

Flower arfangements on a dining table, coffee table, or buffet, take on new importance when

lighted rvith a singie pinpoint spol mounted

direcrly abovc. The colors of the blossoms
appear more vivid and the arrangement is
enl-ianced bv shadow delineation.

L3

HIGHLIGHTING DINING TABLES, BUFFETS, CABINETS

For festively lighting a dining table, making crystal and flatware sparkle as well as dramatizing the cenrerpiece, use adjustable shutter pin-point -rporr. These units can be adjusted to frame oniy the top of the table with light

rounding mood lighting.

Over dining tabies of standard size, one unit can be used

making it appear to glov, without interfering with a desired low level of sur-

of a decorative chandelief with candle-type bulbs. Additional room illumination from valances, cofnices, wall brackets or portable
lamps should also be used.

or two can be mounted, one on either side

ii'i'fil',i/il''''

,li t

-"
i
I

r-

':lrrr
I'r

Another recessed fixture ideal for table lighting

is a unit that has a shielded silver bowl bulb and a

t,
t"'

I lr/,'

''

[,1

ll

gold anodized reflector. This delivers a beauti-

ful glowing light on the tabletop. To display china or prized collections,

recessed

-.
a
ri11

q#;i-^

-' i.t;4"-

{q, -'r'

bi-hats or baffie d,orunligbts can be mounted

in

cabinet v'ith glass shelves. These units can also

be used over a buffet to highlight a silver service

,.

r,,

and provide easier seeing for serving.

DISPLAYING PICTURES AND NTALL DECORATIONS

To

accent paintings

or wall

decorations,

a directional

recessed

fixture is recommended. Internally of light on the object being lighted.

adlustable docunlights and eyebalLi throu, a pleasing oval pattern

The eyeball has the added advantage of 3)8" rotation, allowing finer adjustment. For best results, the recessedunitshouldbe located ona line approximately 20 to 24 inches from the picture or wall decora-

tion unless the fixture manufacturer specifies otherwise.

Very subtle and elegant picture lighting can be accomplished with an adjustable shutter pinpoint spot,
Movable plates or shutters in combination with lenses inside the unit confine the beam of light exactly to the frame of the picture. Fixture manufacturer's instructions must be followed for satisfactory results.

Non-directional units can also be used to light pictures if the frames are not deep enough to throw distracting shadows on the pictures. Hi-hats, baffied or louaered dounlights or lens units produce a panel

of light with an oval top. The center of the unit should be located approximately twelve inches

from the wall in line with the picture. For a grouping of several pictures, a series of
recessed downlights can be used.

By placing

these approximately three feet

some pattern

apat, a hand-

of scallops is created on the wall

which enhances the picture grouping.

DRAMATIZING SCULPTURE
For displaying sculpture, the directional light from a baffi,e doutnlight, hi.-hat or eyeball give good dimensional rendering because of the shadows they produce. Agiln an adjustable unit is preferable because

it throws more light on the front of the sculpture. Units a picture.

should be mounted

in the

same way as for

For a richer effect of modeling, two adjustable

units can be angled on the sculpture. And to

gain contrast in the intensity of shadows, a reflector spot lamp can be used in one unit and
a

flood lamp in the other. Or two lamps of different wattages may be used. Combining difierent

in this manner produces both light and dark shadows in an intricate interplay that emlamps
phasizes depth and pattern.

t,

POINTING UP TEXTURAL INTEREST

Directional light frorn opcn tl r.,u'it/iy,l.tyi 11yg cxccllcnr for highiighring thc surfacc intercst in n',rirbli
fabrics, or fireplaces of brick or stonc. Thc li,r'irr llor'. inir irt ancl character

slriirp grazing angic givcs acidition'.rl .lerptir

to irrcgLrlar fabric r)r nrirs(,\nri'sr-lrlrti,s, iirrrcirsing tl-rcir for:al importance. l'l'rc verir.,rr:; -r', cati bc similiiril' tccirniclucs lor lighting entire s'alls u'itir rcrcssctl iinits. disrirsscci on i)agcs (i anci
useci

for ac(cnt lighting of smalier arciis.

RECESSED SAFET\' I-ICHTING

For ltrrr-lc.veI safc6'lighting throughoLrr thc honrt', rLi('\'.iitl tigl.tt l),qht.; or tet:arJCrl J/ap li,<hli trLn

I',t

usecl.'fhcsc are small boxes u'ith krln,crs, nroirntccl in tire u'all rL fcu' inches frt>n'r tl.rc llttrtr. Thcv rtrr. parricularly goocl for ligliting onc or r\\'() stci)s to "sLinkcn" rircas. Thct'c'.rst lt srtft slttu ircross rhc 1'loiti
adecluatc

for seeing u'ith dark-adaptcci

eycs.

OTITSIDE RECESSED LIGHTING

To light a doorrl'itv, porch or g.rrage.
rece.tse tl I(f

//(rr(l

n.ith diffr-rscrs or lcnscs arc a good ci-roice. I{crc:

they ma1' be spaced Lrp to onc and a half tinres
the:

distance from the grouncl because even light dis-

tribution is not

as essential as inside

thc

httr-rsc.

Lorrt'tred lti-ltirlt recessed in an overhtrng aditrct-'nt

to lrrrge gl'.rss '.rreas make '.r room seem to flou rigirt

outsicle creating a grcater fcc'1ing

of spacious-

ness and unity.

Prinled in U.S.A.

DR

smtA
oiiiTinT rrtEpnnAlE e EtEcrnnillcs
BOSTON STREET SALEM,

60

MASSACHUSETTS