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Permutations and Combinations Basics - Gr8AmbitionZ

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Permutations and Combinations Basics

riends, in this post we shall discuss about another important topic of Aptitude Section, Permutations and Combinations. Lets start with definitions. Ofcourse all of you might have already tried to learn the standard definitions of Permutations and Combinations and almost fed up with them. So now we are not going to repeat those technical definitions again. Lets try to understand in simple words, what is permutation and what is combination. In my school days I have a BIG confusion on which one is permutation and which one is combination. Then my uncle told me a simple technique to remember them without confusion. He said, permutation is always complicated than combination In simple words If the order is important, it is a Permutation. If the order is not important, it is a Combination. Still confused ? lets discuss with examples. Permutation : Assume that I have 4 letters (A, B, C and D). Now if anybody asks me to write down all the permutations of 3 of these letters..... ABC BAC CAB DAB ACB BCA CBA DBA ABD BAD CAD DAC

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ADB BDA CDA DCA ACD BCD CBD DBC ADC BDC CDB DCB So, there are 24 permutations in total. Here the order is important. In other words ACB is different, BCA is different, CBA is different and ABC is different (even-though they all are formed with same group letters).

Permutations and Combinations Basics - Gr8AmbitionZ

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Combination : As we have already discussed, the collection of letters is important here, not the order. That means, if you have ABC in your set that's enough. So you cant claim ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA, CAB, CBA... for combinations. These all are 1 combination of letters A, B and C. So, from the given 4 letters (A, B, C and D), Y ou can write the combination of 3 of those letters ABC ABD ACD BCD hope you have got the basic concept now. Now lets have a look at the technical side, before going to calculate Permutations and Combinations, you should know the word Factorial. Factorial : The factorial of a number, represented by n!, is the product of the natural numbers up to and including n

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In simple words, the Factorial of the number n is the number of ways that the n elements of a group can be ordered. So, if somebody ask you a question, how many different ways six people can sit at a table with six chairs, you should say them its 6! = 6 5 4 3 2 1 = 720. Note : We treat 0! as 1 How to Calculate Permutations ? There is a simple formula for calculating permutations.
Number of all permutations of n items, taken r at a time, is given by:

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n P = n ( n - 1)( n - 2) ... ( n - r + 1) r

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n above case n is 4 and r is 3 So, nPr = P(n,r) = 24

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How to Calculate Combinations ? Important Note : To calculate combinations, First you should calculate all the equivalent permutations. Later you should correct this list by cutting out duplicates / repetitions. Now lets have a look at the mathematical formula for Combinations..
nC

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n! ( r !)( n - r !)

n ( n - 1)( n - 2) ... ... r r!

n above case n is 4 and r is 3, so

nC r

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= C(n,r) = 4

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Permutations and Combinations Basics - Gr8AmbitionZ

That's all for now friends. In our next post we shall discuss some practice problems on Permutations and Combinations.
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Home Work : Before going to leave, you have a small Home Work kind of Stuff here. The below pdf file consists of some basic shortcut techniques on Permutations and Combinations with some simple examples. Just download this pdf file and prepare well. It will help you getting good idea on the concepts and approach.

Download pdf file Permutations and Combinations shortcut techniques from here

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9 comments :
rashmi kushwaha July 2, 2013 at 4:52 PM hello.... After solving the Combination ans is C(n,r) is 8 in the above example... how it came 4....??? if n-4,r=3 n! / (r!)(n-r!) 4*3*2*1 / (3)*(4-3) = 8 Reply Replies Shiv RK July 2, 2013 at 5:27 PM SSC CGL Previous Papers and Study Materials Character Certificate Download Banking Awareness Materials and Model Papers for IBPS Clerks Online Exam 2012

You just took r instead of r! in the denominator Rashmi... the solution will be like (4X3X2X1)/(3X2X1)(1) = 4 hope you got it now...

Lavneet T ambey November 24, 2013 at 10:23 PM In Denominator formula is factorial r multiple by factorial (n-r). So in denominator fact. of 3 * fact. (4-3). Hope u will understand. Reply

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Permutations and Combinations Basics - Gr8AmbitionZ

Dear mam,u r really giving vaulable information to us bt am requesting u that dnt delete these links plz bcoz its useful 4us in future hope u understand...thnks Reply Current Affairs Replies Shiv RK July 2, 2013 at 7:56 PM

We don't delete any links friend. If you encounter any deleted link, then please let us know. we will update :) Reply

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Anonymous July 2, 2013 at 9:31 PM Very nice Reply

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ka teddy July 11, 2013 at 10:38 PM so nice of u mam :) Reply

ka teddy July 11, 2013 at 10:41 PM so nice of u mam thank u for ur valuable information Reply SBI PO Study Materials RBI Assistants Study Materials NICL Assistants Study Materials

Anonymous November 12, 2013 at 5:29 PM having problem in understanding this topic. :( Reply

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