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003SC Recitation 10 Notes: Natural Frequency From Deflection & Frequency Response
When a mass is placed on the spring, in the presence of gravity, the spring deects due to the masss weight. The amount of the deection can be seen to be = so k= Recalling that the natural frequency is given by n = or n = g k = m mg m mg mg k
x +
F0 cos(t) k
Then we can dene the transfer function, H (j ) , as the ratio of the output to the input, H (j ) = 1 X out = 2 X static 1 ( n ) + i2 n
The transfer function (a complex number) can be resolved into its magnitude and phase. The magnitude and phase are functions of the forcing frequency and are given by |H ( )| = and = tan1
) 2 ( n 2 ) 1 ( n
1
2 2 2 ) ] + [2 ( )] [1 ( n n
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The blower weighs 500 lb. When it is placed on the frame, the frame deects a vertical distance = 0.026 in. When the blower is turned on, the blowers rotor spins at = 1750 rpm. When the blower is installed and turned on, it vibrates violently in the vertical direction. Your assistant has designed some braces which (s)he says will increase the vertical stiness of the base by about a factor of 2, and believes this will reduce the vibration by about the same factor. Do you accept the proposal?
Tasks Draw a (lumped-parameter) model of the system. Determine the systems undamped natural frequency, n , and frequency ratio, Estimate the magnitude of the systems frequency response, |H ( )| . Determine the eect of the proposed change.
n
= 183.26
= 0.00066 meters
The undamped natural frequency (before the proposed change) is, (n )bef ore =
k m
9.81 0.00066
= 121.88
radians sec
= 1.504
F0 (0.8) k
After the proposed change, Frequencies The undamped natural frequency is, (n )af ter = 2(n )bef ore = 172.36 radians sec The frequency ratio is
af ter ) = ( n 183.26 172.36
= 1.063
Magnitude After the proposed change, the magnitude of the vibration is, xstatic |H ( )|af ter = F0 (7.667) k
Eect of the change... 7.667 |H ( )|af ter = = 9.58 bef ore |H ( )| 0.8
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