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Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

1/2013

ACADEMIA DE POLIIE ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA POLICE ACADEMY

ISSN 1844-2641

FORUM CRIMINALISTIC FORENSIC SCIENCE FORUM

Nr. 1, Volumul VI ianuarie-iunie 2013

Issue 1, Volume VI January-June 2013

Revista este indexat n bazele de date internaionale EBSCO, CEEOL i PROQUEST, recunoscute prin Ordinul MECTS nr. 4691/2011

Editura EstFalia Bucureti, 2013


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REVISTA FORUM CRIMINALISTIC ESTE PUBLICAT DE EDITURA ESTFALIA, EDITUR ACREDITAT DE CONSILIUL NAIONAL AL CERCETRII TIINIFICE N NVMNTUL SUPERIOR (perioada 20102012) COD C.N.C.S.I.S. 294, NR.CRT. 130/35. WWW.EDITURA-ESTFALIA.RO

WWW.CNCSIS.RO

REVISTA A FOST SUPUS PROCESULUI DE EVALUARE N PERIOADA NOIEMBRIE/DECEMBRIE 2010 I FIGUREAZ N EVIDENA C.N.C.S.I.S., COD 959/2010. REVISTA ESTE INCLUS N BAZELE DE DATE INTERNAIONALE EBSCO, CEEOL I PROQUEST.

Revista Forum Criminalistic este realizat de colectivul Departamentului de Criminalistic din cadrul Academiei de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza i apare semestrial (ianuarie/iunie iulie/decembrie). Colectivul redacional i/sau editura nu i asum rspunderea pentru coninutul articolelor acesta aparine exclusiv autorilor. Redacia i rezerv dreptul de a refuza publicarea articolelor care nu respect condiiile de fond/form.

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COLEGIUL EDITORIAL Director Prof.univ.dr. George-Marius ICAL Director-adjunct Conf.univ.dr. Adrian IACOB CONSILIUL TIINIFIC Preedintele consiliului tiinific dr.CONSTANTIN BLCEANU-STOLNICI Membru de onoare al Academiei Romne MEMBRII CONSILIULUI TIINIFIC Prof.univ.dr. Georgeta UNGUREANU Prof.univ.dr. Vladimir BELI Prof.univ.dr. Damian MICLEA Prof.univ.dr.tefan PRUN Sup.lect. ph.D Alina Monica HANDOREAN Conf.univ.dr. Constantin DUVAC Conf.univ.dr.Laureniu GIUREA Lect.univ.dr. Victor DRGHICI Lect.univ.dr. Florin BOBIN Lect.univ.dr.Viorica MOLDOVAN Lect.univ.dr.Oana ISPAS Lect.univ.dr. Viorel COROIU Lect.univ.dr. Marin RUIU Lect.univ.dr.Andrei BARBU Asist.univ.dr. Ctlin IGNOAIA dr.Viorel VASILE Redactor-ef: Asist.univ.dr. Georgic PANFIL Responsabil pentru calitate (redactor-ef adjunct) Alexandra CIUNTU Senior Editor: Lect.univ.dr.Nicolae GROFU Secretar general de redacie: lect.univ.dr. Horia RA Redactori: cms.ef TALPAU Florin asist.univ. Cezar CIOAC asist.univ.drd.CtlinTOADER drd.Antonela OFINE Dnu NECHITA
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UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVITOARE LA TRSTURILE ACTUALE ALE CRIMEI ORGANIZATE Sofine Antonela DESPRE INFRACIUNEA DE VTMARE A FTULUI PRECUM I DESPRE LIPSA UNOR CLARIFICRI LEGALE, ESENIALE PENTRU INTERPRETAREA I APLICAREA UNITAR A LEGII PENALE N MATERIA INFRACIUNILOR CONTRA PERSOANEI Ctlin ignoaia UNELE REFLECII ASUPRA REGULII DE BAZ A AFLRII ADEVRULUI N PROCESUL PENAL Grofu Nicolae EVOLUIA NOIUNII DE SPLARE A BANILOR Anastasescu Alexandru Cioac Cezar AMENINAREA EXTREM: TERORISMUL GLOBAL I PROGRAMUL DE PROTECIE A MARTORILOR ical George-Marius IMPORTANA STABILIRII CANALULUI TRAIECT AL PROIECTILULUI N CUTIA CRANIAN Efrim Andreea Popescu Laureniu UNELE ASPECTE PRIVIND ACTIVITATEA CRIMNALISTIC DE INTERPRETARE A URMELOR Panfil Georgic Dnu Nechita EXTRDAREA DIN ROMNIA Dan Toma REGIMUL JURIDIC DE FOLOSIRE A ARMAMENTULUI N LEGISLAIA DIN ROMNIA Tudor Adrian REGLEMENTAREA PRODUCIEI, UTILIZRII I TRAFICULUI DE DROGURINTRE LICIT I ILICIT Ruiu Marin ROLUL ELEMENTELOR DE SIGURAN A DOCUMENTELOR DE CLTORIE N PREVENIREA I COMBATEREA INFRACIONALITII TRANSFRONTALIERE Enache Petru Elena Mihil INFORMAREA PUBLIC N CAZUL PRODUCERII UNUI ACCIDENT NUCLEAR. NECESITATE SAU OPORTUNITATE? Iulian Bulnu UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND COOPERAREA JUDICIAR I POLIIENEASC N PLAN EUROPEAN Marian Secareanu
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UNELE CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA CLASIFICAREA CRIMINALISTIC A URMELOR Iacob Adrian Amarandei Vlad REFLECII PRIVIND UNELE INFRACIUNI CONTRA NFPTUIRII JUSTIIEI N NOUL COD PENAL (II) Constantin Duvac INTEPRETAREA CRIMINALISTIC A URMELOR DE SNGE DESCOPERITE LA FAA LOCULUI COMITERII INFRACIUNILOR CU VIOLEN Carla Pop UNELE ASPECTE GENERALE PRIVITOARE LA REGULILE I METODELE DE REALIZARE A CERCETRII LA FAA LOCULUI Coroiu Viorel Alina Dumitru UNELE CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA INTERSECIA DINTRE CRIMINALISTIC I PSIHOLOGIA JUDICIAR Andreea Ciuleanu Ctlin Toader UNELE CONSIDERAII LEGATE DE EXPERTIZA BALISTIC Petre-Valentin Bdia UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND TAXONOMIILE TIPOLOGIILOR DE INFRACTORI DIN PUNCT DE VEDERE CRIMINOLOGIC Ion Busuioc Alexandru Antofie

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SOME CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGAISED CRIME Sofine Antonela ABOUT THE CRIME OF HARMING THE FETUS AND THE LACK OF LEGAL CLARIFICATIONS WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL TO INTERPRETING AND APPLYING THE LAW CONCERNING CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON Ctlin ignoaia REFLECTIONS ON THE BASIC RULE OF FINDING THE TRUTH DURING TRIAL Grofu Nicolae THE EVOLUTION OF THE NOTION OF MONEY LAUNDRY Anastasescu Alexandru Cioac Cezar EXTREME THREAT: GLOBAL TERRORISM AND THE WITNESS PROTECTION PROGRAM ical George-Marius THE IMPORTANCE OF ESTABLISHING THE TRAJECTORY CHANNEL OF A PROJECTILE IN THE CRANIAN CAVITY Efrim Andreea Popescu Laureniu CERTAIN ASPECTS REGARDING THE FORENSIC ACTIVITY OF INTERPRETING TRACES Panfil Georgic Dnu Nechita EXTRADITION FROM ROMANIA Dan Toma THE USE OF WEAPONS IN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM OF ROMANIAN LAW Tudor Adrian THE REGLEMENTATION OF DRUG PRODUCTION, USE AND TRAFFICBETWEEN LICIT AND ILLICIT Ruiu Marin THE ROLE OF SAFETY ELEMENTS EXISTENT ON TRAVEL DOCUMENTS IN PREVENTING AND FIGHTING CROSS-BORDER CRIME Enache Petru Elena Mihil PUBLIC INFORMATION IN CASE OF A NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: NECESSITY OR OPPORTUNITY? Iulian Bulnu CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING JUDICIARY AND POLICE COOPERATION ON EUROPEAN LEVEL Marian Secareanu ASPECTS ON FORENSIC CLASSIFICATION OF TRACES Iacob Adrian Amarandei Vlad CONCERNS RAISED ON CRIME AGAINST JUSTICE IN THE NEW PENAL CODE Constantin Duvac FORENSIC INTERPRETATION OF BLOOD TRACES FOUND AT THE SCENE OF A VIOLENT CRIME Carla Pop
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GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE RULES AND METHODS USED IN CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION Coroiu Viorel Alina Dumitru THOUGHTS ON THE INTERSECTION OF FORENSICS AND JUDICIARY PSYCHOLOGY Andreea Ciuleanu Ctlin Toader CONSIDERATIONS ON BALLISTICS EXPERTISE Petre-Valentin Bdia CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS ON THE TIPOLOGY OF THE CRIMINAL FROM A CRIMINOLOGIC POINT OF VIEW Ion Busuioc Alexandru Antofie

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UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVITOARE LA TRSTURILE ACTUALE ALE CRIMEI ORGANIZATE Antonela ofine1 Abstract The article presents the main characteristics of organised crime, criminal groups, the evolution and the perspectives of this phenomen, the main characteristics of it in Romania and a taxonomy of criminal organisations. Keywords: organised crime, criminal organisation, taxonomy.

1Ofier

specialist, IPJ Maramure. 9

Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

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DESPRE INFRACIUNEA DE VTMARE A FTULUI PRECUM I DESPRE LIPSA UNOR CLARIFICRI LEGALE, ESENIALE PENTRU INTERPRETAREA I APLICAREA UNITAR A LEGII PENALE N MATERIA INFRACIUNILOR CONTRA PERSOANEI dr.ignoaia Adrian-Ctlin1 Abstract: This article refers to the crime of harming the fetus which was introduced in the Romanian criminal law through the new penal code provisions and also to the lack of some legal clarifications regarding the concepts of fetus and person. Harming the fetus is not a crime in the actual penal code, a fact that has been greatly criticized at a doctrinal level. Therefore this problem was solved by introducing in the new penal code provisions to incriminate such behavior. But as long as the legal interpretation of the concepts fetus and person will not be provided, there will be great difficulties in applying the criminal law in an unitary manner. Keywords: harming, fetus, person, birth.

1Asist.

univ. dr. la Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza 10

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UNELE REFLECII ASUPRA REGULII DE BAZ A AFLRII ADEVRULUI N PROCESUL PENAL dr.Nicolae Grofu1 Abstract This article presents some considerations on the procedural provisions of the basic rule concerning finding the truth in criminal trial, as it is regulated in the Code of Criminal Procedure. Keywords: criminal process, basic rule, finding the truth, Criminal Procedure Code

1Lector

univ. - Academia de Poliie Al. I. Cuza 11

Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

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EVOLUIA NOIUNII DE SPLARE A BANILOR Anastasescu Alexandru Norocel1 Cioac Cezar2 Abstract The article presents the main issues linked to money laundering, the evolution of this term in relation to the evolution of society itself, the activities used to clean the money and the links between this activity and criminal groups. Keywords: money laundering, organised crime, evolution.

2Academia

Fundaia Internaional pentru Combaterea Consumului de Stupefiante. de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 12

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AMENINAREA EXTREM: TERORISMUL GLOBAL I PROGRAMUL DE PROTECIE A MARTORILOR dr.ical George-Marius1 Abstract The article tackles the field of withness protection, especially from the point of view of the influences of global terrorist threats related to witness protection programs. Keywords: threat, terrorism, witness protection program.

1Profesor

universitar, Academia de Poliie Al.I.Cuza. 13

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IMPORTANA STABILIRII CANALULUI TRAIECT AL PROIECTILULUI N CUTIA CRANIAN Efrim Andreea-Eliza1 Popescu Laureniu2 Abstract The channel size between the entrance wound and the exit wound depends on the caliber of the weapon, the force of penetration of the projectile and which tissue is passed through. The diameter of the channel formed by the same projectile can be different in various areas, unable to provide accurate data on the caliber of the weapon. Bone tissue differs from other tissues, where the openings in the cranian cavity, the size of the wound is almost equal to the diameter of the projectile or it may be slightly higher. Key words: projectile, cranian cavity, channel, entrance wound, exit wound.

1 2

Student Academia de poliie ,, Alexandru Ioan Cuza . Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza. 14

Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

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UNELE ASPECTE CU PRIVIRE LA ACTIVITATEA CRIMINALISTIC DE INTERPRETARE A URMELOR dr.Georgic Panfil1 Dnu Nechita2 Abstract The article tackles with main issues linked to the complex activity of crime scene interpretation for different categories of traces. The author also approaches the main rules, tasks, but also the importance of this attribute of forensic scientists. Keywords: crime scene, interpretation, traces, tasks.

1Asistent 2Ofier

universitar, Academia de Poliie Al.I.Cuza. specialist, Direcia General de Poliie a Municipiului Bucureti. 15

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EXTRDAREA DIN ROMNIA Dan Toma1 Abstract The article tackles the problems linked to international cooperation in the field of justice related to Romania and other countries. Keywords: extradition, judicial cooperation, law.

Direcia de Poliie Local Sector 1 Bucureti 16

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REGIMUL JURIDIC DE FOLOSIRE A ARMAMENTULUI N LEGISLAIA DIN ROMANIA Adrian-Mihail Tudor1 Abstract In order to successfully their specific missions and to prevent and counteract the crime phenomena , the forces of public order and safety need to act within the boundaries offered by the legislation in force, with the possibility of facing themselvs, in conditions strictly governed by the law, with the use of firearms. This is why legal provisions regarding the use of firearms need to be conceptualized as possible through theoretic fundamentation, standardizatio from a juridical stand point as well as a tactical and applicable point of view. Keywords: use of weapons, public order, law coercition. Pentru ndeplinirea misiunilor lor specifice i pentru prevenirea i contracararea fenomenului

Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 17

Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

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REGLEMENTAREA PRODUCIEI, UTILIZRII I TRAFICULUI DE DROGURI- NTRE LICIT I ILICIT dr. Ruiu Marin1 Abstract Here are presented aspects on following law aspects regarding drugs by the institutuions in charge abilitate aspects under the current normative acts in cooperation with other specialists (such as: the Ministry of Hrealth, the Gerenal Directorate of Customs, etc.). Keywords: drugs, treatment, law aspects, illicit flow. .

Lector universitar, Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 18

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ROLUL ELEMENTELOR DE SIGURAN A DOCUMENTELOR DE CLTORIE N PREVENIREA I COMBATEREA INFRACIONALITII TRANSFRONTALIERE Petru Florin Enache1 Elena Mihail2 Abstract Evolution of technology that helps protect the process of manufacturing documents is imposed by the technological progress and the new methods and techniques that are being used by the forgerers. These people manage to manufacture forged documents that look very similar to those which are genuine. Keywords: forgery, latent image, laser engraving, multiple laser images.

1Lucrtor 2Ofier

specialist, Institutul Naional de Criminalistic IGPR. specialist, IPJ Ilfov. 19

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INFORMAREA PUBLIC N CAZUL PRODUCERII UNUI ACCIDENT NUCLEAR. NECESITATE SAU OPORTUNITATE? Iulian Bulnu1 Abstract Nuclear power is one of the cheapest and "greenest" energy sources in the world. Currently almost 14% of global electricity comes from here. However, the major nuclear disasters in history have made many people regard nuclear power plants with fear and distrust. Throughout history, human mistakes, along with natural disasters, have made nuclear power generate real disasters. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) uses a classification of seven levels of nuclear accidents disasters, from "major accident" (level 7)to "anomaly" (level 1). Chernobyl disaster in northern Ukraine, on the night of 25 to 26 April 1986, is the largest in history. Until the Fukushima episode in 2011, Cernobyl was quoted by the IAEA as a level 7, the highest, which is a major leak of radioactive substances with effects on human health and the environment, which require extensive plans. Keywords: Cernobyl, nuclear accident, nuclear power, public information.

1Subcomisar

de poliie. 20

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UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND COOPERAREA JUDICIAR I POLIIENEASC N PLAN EUROPEAN dr.Secreanu Marian1 Abstract: The continuous and constant increase of crimes at global level needed a general reaction from the states all around the globe. When the member states negociated the EU Treaty, they were aware of the fact that measures to fight with the same strategy against the organised and transnational crime were necessary. In order to cooperate at the level of police and judicial forces, common principles are used. Cooperation between states of the international community in all spheres of activity (political, military, social, economic) has become more diverse in recent decades, creating forms of international cooperation and coordination of certain international organizations. Members create an institutional framework or cooperation by adopting a status, jointly developed, and by setting goals, targets and organs regarding said international organizations. Keywords: police cooperation, cooperation principles, European integration, judicial forces 1.

1Comisar

de poliie Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 21

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UNELE CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA CLASIFICAREA CRIMINALISTIC A URMELOR dr.Adrian Iacob1 Vlad Amarandei2 Abstract The article presents the main taxonomies existent in the field of traces forming the subject of forensic science. The authors are also presenting examples of traces for each cathegory, and also the types of traces that cannot be included in any of the domains of judicial traceology. Keywords: traces, forensic science, taxonomy.

1Conf.univ., 2Academia

Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 22

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REFLECII PRIVIND UNELE INFRACIUNI CONTRA NFPTUIRII JUSTIIEI N NOUL COD PENAL (II) dr.Constantin Duvac1 Abstract Following the first part of his study2, the author carries a comparative study of incrimination rules on: vengeance for helping justice, theft or destruction of evidence or documents, pressure on the justice system, undermining the interests of justice, violation of the solemnity of justice, abusive judicial inquiry, submission to ill-treatment, torture, unjust repression, disloyal legal assistance and representation, escape from detention, facilitating escape, failure to comply with judgments and enforced penalties, analysis accompanied by some critical remarks and some suggestions (lex ferenda proposals) for improving the examined texts. Keywords: Criminal Code, criminal law, crime, punishment, justice. .

1Profesor 2A

asociat, Universitatea Romno-American, Bucureti, e-mail: ctinduvac@yahoo.com. se vedea Constantin Duvac, Unele reflecii privind infraciunile contra nfptuirii justiiei n noul Cod penal (I) , Forum Criminalistic, (BDI) nr. 2/2011, http://www.forensicscienceforum.ro, p. 9-20; 23

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INTEPRETAREA CRIMINALISTIC A URMELOR DE SNGE DESCOPERITE LA FAA LOCULUI COMITERII INFRACIUNILOR CU VIOLEN Carla Alexandra Pop1 Abstract Blooodstain pattern analysis represents an important activity within the whole crime scene investigation process. It is important because it offers the investigator valuable information about the sequence of events and also about who did and did not participate in the violent incident investigated. Using mathematical methods and principles from Physics and Chemistry bloodstain analysis becomes a trustworthy source of information and can be used in numerous cases. Keywords: bloodstains, analysis, forensic interpretation, case solving.

Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 24

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GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE RULES AND METHODS USED IN CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION dr.Viorel Coroiu1 Alina Dumitru2

Abstract A crime scene represents the place where a crime has been commited or, in some other cases, the place that hosts diffrent types of traces/clues linked to a crime. The following article presents the main issues linked to what the term of crime scene investigation means, main rules to be followed on site, the main tasks of each category of investigator etc. Keywords: crime scene investigation, first responders, forensic science, traces, identification.

1 2

Univ. lect., Alexandru Ioan Cuza Police Academy. Alexandru Ioan Cuza Police Academy 25

Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

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UNELE CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA INTERSECIA DINTRE CRIMINALISTIC I PSIHOLOGIA JUDICIAR Andreea Ciusleanu1 Ctlin Toader2 Abstract Forensic and judicial psychology notions gather and complete each other in trying to find out the truth, more exactly in finding the criminal by creating a psychological profile. Keywords: criminal profiling, evidence, psychology, human behaviour

1Academia 2Asistent

de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. universitar, doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 26

Forum Criminalistic Forensic Science Forum

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UNELE CONSIDERAII LEGATE DE EXPERTIZA BALISTIC Petre-Valentin Bdia1 Abstract The article presents the main issues linked to the concepts of ballistic, firearms identification and problems that can be solved by scientific reports. Keywords: ballistic, firearms, scientific report, ammunition

1Procuror,

Ministerul Public. 27

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UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND TAXONOMIILE TIPOLOGIILOR DE INFRACTORI DIN PUNCT DE VEDERE CRIMINOLOGIC dr.Ion Busuioc1 dr.Alexandru Antofie2 Abstract The article tackles with the main problems linked to criminal types as presented by important authors in the field of ciminology, with regard to the degree of control of criminal behaviour, the age of the offender, the intention to repeat criminal acts and, of course, if the criminal act was prepared in advance. Keywords: criminology, criminal psychology, criminal types, taxonomy.

1 2

Lector universitar, Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 28

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