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ACADEMIA DE POLIIE ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA CATEDRA DE CRIMINALISTIC

FORUM CRIMINALISTIC FORENSIC SCIENCE FORUM

Nr. 2 ANUL III Iulie - Decembrie 2010

Editura EstFalia Bucureti

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REVISTA FORUM CRIMINALISTIC ESTE PUBLICAT DE EDITURA ESTFALIA, EDITUR ACREDITAT DE CONLISLIUL NAIONAL AL CERCETRII TIINIFICE N NVMNTUL SUPERIOR (perioada 2010-2012) COD C.N.C.S.I.S. 294, NR.CRT. 130/35. WWW.EDITURA-ESTFALIA.RO

WWW.CNCSIS.RO

REVISTA A FOST SUPUS PROCESULUI DE EVALUARE N PERIOADA NOIEMBRIE/DECEMBRIE 2010 I FIGUREAZ N EVIDENA C.N.C.S.I.S., COD 959/2010

Revista Forum Criminalistic este realizat de colectivul Catedrei de Criminalistic din cadrul Academiei de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza i apare semestrial (ianuarie/iunie iulie/decembrie). Colectivul redacional i/sau editura nu i asum rspunderea pentru coninutul articolelor aceasta aparine exclusiv autorilor. Redacia i rezerv dreptul de a refuza publicarea articolelor care nu respect condiiile de fond/form.

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COMITETUL DE REDACIE Directorul publicaiei: Prof.univ.dr. LUCA IAMANDI Rectorul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza CONSILIUL TIINIFIC Preedintele consiliului tiinific dr.CONSTANTIN BLCEANU-STOLNICI Membru de onoare al Academiei Romne MEMBRII CONSILIULUI TIINIFIC Prof.univ.dr. Mihai BDESCU Prof.univ.dr. Georgeta UNGUREANU Prof.univ.dr. ical GEORGE Prof.univ.dr. Vladimir BELI Prof.univ.dr. uu PILEAG Prof.univ.dr. Miclea DAMIAN Prof.univ.dr. tefan PRUN Instr.pol.spec.I.drd. Viorel COROIU Lect.univ.dr.Florin BOBIN Lect.univ.drd.Nicolae GROFU Lect.univ.drd. Marin RUIU drd. Viorel VASILE drd. Aura CHIOPU drd. Constantin UNGA Ing.Dan LUNGU

Redactor-ef: Asist.univ.drd. Georgic PANFIL Secretar general de redacie: Asist.univ.dr. Horia RA Redactori: Cms.sef TALPAU Florin Prep.univ.drd. Cezar CIOAC Asist.univ.Ctlin TOADER Roxana BARBU

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CUPRINS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

CUPRINS ASPECTS LINKED TO CHILD PORNOGRAPHY IN CYPRUS SAVVAS SYMEOU SECURITATEA SOCIETAL - O DILEM A SOCIETII EUROPENE CONTEMPORANE ALINA POP UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND CONTROLUL ACTIVITII ADMINISTRAIEI PUBLICE MNUC FLORIN UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVITOARE LA PROTECIA MARTORILOR LA NIVELUL UNIUNII EUROPENE AMBROZIE OCTAVIAN PROFILING. PORTRETUL PSIHOLOGIC AL INFRACTORULUI DUP MODUL DE OPERARE I URMELE LSATE LA FAA LOCULUI VASILE VIOREL MANAGEMENTUL SITUAIILOR DE CRIZ CONCEPTE GENERALE ANDRONIC OANA CONSIDERATII SOCIOLOGICE PRIVIND EVOLUTIA MODELELOR OCCIDENTALE DE POLICING(I) GEORGE- MIRCEA BOTESCU NEW WAYS OF PREVENTION AGAINST CRIME IN EUROPE POPESCU LAURENIU ASPECTE CRIMINOLOGICE PRIVIND RESOCIALIZAREA INFRACTORILOR NICOLAE ADRIANA MNUC FLORIN ELEMENTE SPECIFICE CERCETRII LA FAA LOCULUI N CAZURILE DE OMOR FLORIN TALPU ADRIAN CHESNOIU CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA MIJLOACELE DE PROB NTLNITE LA FAA LOCULUI SVRIRII UNEI INFRACIUNI INFORMATICE COROIU VIOREL SCHIMBUL DE DATE CRIMINALISTICE CU AJUTORUL INSTRUMENTELOR PRUM DOGARU MUGUREL CRIMINALITATEA INFORMATIC SAU ,,DELINCVENA ASISTAT DE CALCULATOR OLGUA DOGARU TRAFICUL DE PERSOANE - FORM DE MANIFESTARE A CRIMINALITII ORGANIZATE N MEDIUL RURAL CORNEL PETRE FILIP PROF.UNIV.DR. VASILE BERCHEAN PERSONALITATE MARCANT A CRIMINALISTICII ROMNETI (1951 2009) NICOLAE GROFU SUBSTANELE PSIHOACTIVE. DEFINIIE, CLASIFICARE, MECANISME DE ACIUNE RA HORIA TOADER CTLIN
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5 9 11 17 21 25 29 35 41 47 51 57 61 65 69 79 83

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18. 19. 20. 21.

NELCIUNI COMISE CU AJUTORUL SISTEMELOR INFORMATICE VLAD GABRIEL MEDIEREA DIRECT A INFRACIUNILOR LA VIAA SEXUAL ZECHERU NICOLAE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND CAUZELE JUSTIFICATIVE N REGLEMENTAREA NOULUI COD PENAL VLAD MARTA GIANINA SILVIA PREGTIREA I DISPUNEREA CONSTATRII TEHNICO-TIINIFICE I A EXPERTIZEI BOBIN FLORIN SCHIOPU AURA ASPECTE PRIVIND SISTEMUL NAIONAL DE DATE GENETICE JUDICIARE DIN ROMNIA CIOAC CEZAR NEACU ELENA-ALINA DELIMITRI CONCEPTUALE N DOMENIUL MANAGEMENTUL RISCURILOR PANFIL GEORGIC AUDIEREA PERSOANELOR N CAUZELE PRIVIND FAPTELE COMISE CU ARME DE FOC (II) MARIN RUIU CRIMINALITATEA ORGANIZATA IN DREPTUL INTERNATIONAL DELIMITARI.CONCEPTE.CAUZE.TIPURI DE ORGANIZATII CRIMINALE I STRUCTURA ACESTORA CONSTANTIN UNGA ACCIDENTUL RUTIER FLAGEL AL LUMII MODERNE. EFORTURI INTERNAIONALE DE COMBATERE A ACESTUI FENOMEN MIHAIU IONEL INSTITUII I VALORI SUPREME N STATUL DE DREPT CARE POT FI AMENINATE CHIOPU AURA NECESITATEA COOPERRII INTERSTATALE N MATERIA MANAGEMENTULUI CRIZELOR PRICOPIE IOAN

85 91 103

109

22.

113 117 123

23. 24. 25.

133

26. 27. 28.

139 143 151

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

CUPRINS ASPECTS LINKED TO CHILD PORNOGRAPHY IN CYPRUS SAVVAS SYMEOU SOCIAL SECURITY AN ACTUAL EUROPEAN ISSUE ALINA POP ASPECTS LINKED TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AUDIT MNUC FLORIN PROBLEMS REFFERIG TO WITNESS PROTECTION IN EUROPEAN UNION AMBROZIE OCTAVIAN PROFILING. PSICHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF THE CRIMINAL WITH LINKS TO MODUS OPERANDI AND EVIDENCES LEFT BEHIND VASILE VIOREL CRISIS MANAGEMENT GENERAL CONCEPTS ANDRONIC OANA SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS REFFERING TO OCCDENTAL POLICING METHODS (I) GEORGE- MIRCEA BOTESCU NEW WAYS OF PREVENTION AGAINST CRIME IN EUROPE POPESCU LAURENIU CRIMINOLOGICAL ISSUES REGARDING CRIMINALS REINTEGRATION NICOLAE ADRIANA MNUC FLORIN SPECIFFIC ELEMENTS CONCERNING CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION WHD DEALING WITH HOMICIDE FLORIN TALPU ADRIAN CHESNOIU ASPECTS REFFERING TO ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE FOUND IN CYBERCRIME SCENE COROIU VIOREL EXCHANGIND DATA PRUM INSTRUMENTS DOGARU MUGUREL CYBERCRIME OR COMPUTER-ASSISTED CRIMES OLGUA DOGARU HUMAN TRAFFICKING MANIFESTATION OF ORGANISED CRIME IN VILLAGE ENVIRONMENT CORNEL PETRE FILIP PROFF.PH.D. VASILE BERCHEAN LEADING FIGURE OF THE ROMANIAN FORENSIC (1951-2009) NICOLAE GROFU PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES. DEFFINITION, TAXONOMY, MECHANISMS RA HORIA TOADER CTLIN FRAUDS COMMITED BY THE USE OF COMPUTERS VLAD GABRIEL
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5 9 11 17 21 25 29 35 41 47

51

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

57 61 65 69 79 83 85

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19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

DIRECT MEDIATION OF SEXUAL OFFENCES ZECHERU NICOLAE ASPECTS LINKED TO SELF-DEFENCE IN NEW PENAL CODE ARTICLES VLAD MARTA GIANINA SILVIA PREPARATION AND REQUEST OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS BOBIN FLORIN SCHIOPU AURA ISSUES LINKED TO ROMANIAN NATIONAL GENETIC DATABASE CIOAC CEZAR NEACU ELENA-ALINA RISK MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS PANFIL GEORGIC PERSONS INTERROGATION IN FIRE WEAPONS EVENTS MARIN RUIU ORGANISED CRIME IN INTERNATIONAL LAWS. LIMITS. CONCEPTS. CAUSES. TYPES OF CRIMINAL ORGANISATIONS AND THEIR STRUCTURE CONSTANTIN UNGA ROAD ACCIDENT, ISSUE FOR MODERN WORLD. INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS FOR FIGHTING IT MIHAIU IONEL SUPREME AND NATIONAL VALORS TO BE THREATEN CHIOPU AURA THE NECESSITY OF EUROPEAN COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT PRICOPIE IOAN

91 103 109 113 117 123 133 139 143 151

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ASPECTS LINKED TO CHILD PORNOGRAPHY IN CYPRUS SAVVAS SYMEOU Cyprus Police, Cybercrime Office Abstract The article presents general aspects reffering to the actual situation from Cyprus in the field of child pornography crimes. The author, winrking within the Cyprus Cybercrime Office, share some of his own experience and refers also to some of the legal articles from the field of child pornography and few real cases solved by the police. Keywords: cybercrime, child pornography, criminality, Cyprus police. REFERENCES: -The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus -The Police Law 73 (I)/2004 -Police Regulations -The Criminal Code, Cap. 154 -The Criminal Procedure Law, Cap. 155

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SECURITATEA SOCIETAL - O DILEM A SOCIETII EUROPENE CONTEMPORANE ALINA POP Prefectura Bistria-Nsud Abstract Sovereignty is the centre of international law as national morality is the centre of ethics and what national public opinion represents among the social conventions. Sovereignty, in legal terms, refers to a nation as a keeper of the profane loyalties of the individual, as the strongest social force, as a supreme authority that legislates and enforces laws for the citizens. Part of social disorder associated to a new world order is the result of an interaction of at least three states that call themselves nations, but having little similarities with the historical nation -state. On one hand, there are the ethnical fragments detached from the disintegrating empires, such as the states that emerged from the former Yugoslavia and the Sovietic Union. These are obsessed with injustice and old search for identity and they struggle to defeat old ethnical rivalries. The cause of the world order surpasses their area of interest and often even their imagination. As the states involved in the 30 years war warp, th ey look for keeping their independence and grow their power without carrying for cosmopolitical reasons of a world political order. Keywords: societal security, ethnical groups, societal security management. BIBLIOGRAFIE Lucrri editate: 1.Barry Buzan, Ole Waever, Security: A New Framework for Analysis, 2.Goldstein J.S., Pevehouse J.C. Relaii Internaionale, Ed. Polirom, 2008 3.Kissinger Henri Diplomaia , Ed. All, 2008, 4. Morgenthau J. Hans Policita ntre naiuni, Ed. Polirom 2007 5. Sava Ionel Nicu Teoria i Practica Securitii suport de curs Universitatea din Bucureti Facultatea de Sociologie i Asisten Social, Bucureti, 2007 6. Roe, P., Misperception and ethnic conflict: Transylvanias societal security dilemma, in Review of International Studies , 2000 7. erban Adela, Securitate Societal, Ed. Valahia, 2008 Surse electronice: 1..www.eurisc.org/component/.../doc.../4-arion-stelian-tendinte-moderne.html 2.http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/security/files/mami/comm_pdf_com_2009_0691_f_communic ation_ro.pdf H4 33074 PE European Security Research and Innovation Agenda 3. http://www.arss.ro/?cat=1Asociaia Romn pentru Securitate Societal, Securitatea societal 4. httpwww.armyacademy.roreviste2_2005a6.pdf Nicolae USCOI Securitatea internaional n epoca post rzboi rece 5. http://leader.viitorul.org/ O nou generaie de conflicte identitare Chifu Iulian.

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UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVIND CONTROLUL ACTIVITII ADMINISTRAIEI PUBLICE jurist MNUC FLORIN Primria Sectorului 4, Bucureti Abstract To controle an administration institution means to check out if its activity is developed according to the laws and if the personell is fulfilling the tasks by serving the people. The article presents the main issues linkes to this sort of control. Keywords: state administration, democracy, audit, control, work methods. BIBLIOGRAFIE Mihai T. Orovean, Tratat de stiinta administratiei, Ed.Cerna, Bucureti, 1996. Denis Levy, Aspects generaux du controle, in Traite de science administrative, vol. 2, Paris, 1992. Ilie Ivanas, Dreptul administrativ i elemente ale stiintei administratiei, Bucuresti, Editura didactica i pedagogica, 1977. Mihai T. Oroveanu, Introducere in stiinta administratiei, editia a treia, revazuta i adaugita, Bucuresti, Metropol, 1994.

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UNELE CONSIDERAII PRIVITOARE LA PROTECIA MARTORILOR LA NIVELUL UNIUNII EUROPENE AMBROZIE OCTAVIAN Baroul Bucureti Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract The analysis of the situation of witness protection legislation and practice confirms that despite certain achievements, in particular in the last few years, the framework is not sufficiently stabilised, meaning on the one hand that there are great varieties of legislative and administrative structures in Member States, and on the other hand it is an area of continuous development. On the basis of the expert meetings held by the Commission and the written comments coming from the experts, the assessment is that at present Member States would be reluctant to accept binding legislation to regulate their ongoing informal cooperation. Keywords: witness protection, framework, legislation, member states, legal development. Bibliografie: www.europol.europa.eu www.wikipedia.org

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PROFILING. PORTRETUL PSIHOLOGIC AL INFRACTORULUI DUP MODUL DE OPERARE I URMELE LSATE LA FAA LOCULUI chestor de poliie VASILE VIOREL Inspectoratul General al Poliiei Romne doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract The author presents the mains issues linked to the way profiling should be made, the meaning of profiling and criminal profiling, the pshichological profile of the criminals with refferences to the modus operandi and traces left at the crime scene. Keywords: profiling, criminal profiling, modus operandi, crime scene. BIBLIOGRAFIE -Butoi T., ru G., Lepadui V., Interferena ntre psihologie i criminalistic, Ed. Litlle star, Bucureti, 2007 -Gebert V., Practical homicide investigation, Ed.Taylor&Francis, New York,1980.

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MANAGEMENTUL SITUAIILOR DE CRIZ CONCEPTE GENERALE ANDRONIC OANA Ministerul Administraiei i Internelor Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza Abstract The author presents the main characteristics of crisis management, the general concepts and the most important moments from the evolution of this sort of management. Also, the main european mechanisms related to crisis management are reffered to. Keywords: crisis management, evolution, general concepts, european mechanisms. BIBLIOGRAFIE Col. dr. ing. Sorin Calot, De la managementul crizelor civile, la managementul pregtirii incidentelor i continuitii operaionale, Inspectoratul General pentru Situaii de Urgen Alexandra Sarcinschi, Mihai Dinu, Crize i instabilitate n Europa, Universitatea Naional de Aprare Centrul de Studii Strategice de Aprare i Securitate

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CONSIDERATII SOCIOLOGICE PRIVIND EVOLUTIA MODELELOR OCCIDENTALE DE POLICING(I) conf.univ.dr. GEORGE- MIRCEA BOTESCU Universitatea Bucureti, Facultatea de Sociologie Abstract The aim of this paper is to provide an overview on the develpment of policing models in late modern societies. Central to this aproach is the original perspective of organic and manufactured social control promoted by Martin Innes. Such a analysis demonstrates that the patterns of development in policing are not all necessarly in the same direction, or wholly compatible. For example, Community Policing embodies the desire to encourage community participation in crime control, and is thus illustrative of the ways in wich one of the key movements in contemporary social control practice is to establish stronger conexions between formal and informal mechanism of social control. Contrastingly, the Plural Policing perspective perhaps demonstrates the limitations of such atemps in the private policing agents have increasingly been employed to perform the security functions that public police agencies might have been expected to perform. As such, the development of the Plural Policing perspective is illustrative of the trends towards the commodification of security and also the formalisation of security functions. Alongside such developments, shifts in the role of the public police associated with Zero Tolerance Policing and Intelligence - Led Policing perspectives are indicative of separate and some might argue contradictory trends. Zero- Tolerance Policing and Intelligence Led Policing respectively embody trends to encourage un ambiguos formal social controls of both comparatively trivial desorders (on the understanding that they impact on peoples quality of life), and more serious types of crime, respectively. Thus, we can see how policing encapsulates trends for intense and sistematic forms of social control. It has been directed towards order mentenance and security providing functions, and in the same time as being encouraged to tackle more serious types of crime. Keywords: social control, democratic control, policing, social justice, local police. Bibliografie: 1. Bittner, E. Forence Nightingale in pursuit of Willie Sutton: a theory of the police, in H. Jacob (ed.) The Potential for Reform of the Police. Beverly Hills: Sage 2. Bowling, B. (1998) Violent Racism. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 3. Bowling, B. (1999) The rise and fall of New York murder: Zero tolerance or Cracks decline, British Journal of Criminology, 39 (4): 531-54 4. Chan, J.(1977) Changing Police Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 5. Choong, S. (1998) Policing and Social Discipline. Oxford: Clarendon Press 6. Crawford, A.(1997) The Local Governance of Crime. Oxford: Clarendone Press. 7. Dixon, D. (1997) Law in Policing: Legal Regulation and Police Practices. Oxford Clarendon Press. 8. Emsley, C.(1991) The English Police: A Political and Social History. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatshead 9. Ericson, R. (1993) Making Crime.2nd edn. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 10. Ericson R. and Haggerty, K (1997) Policing and Risk Society. Oxford: Caredon Press. 11. Ericson, K. (1966) Wayword Puritance: A Study in the Sociology of Deviance. New York: John Willy 12. Fielding, N. (1995) Community Policing. Oxford Clarendon Press 13. Gill, P. (2000) Rounding Up the Usual Suspects. Alder Shot: Ashgate 14. Geene, J. and Mastrofski, S. (1998) Community Policy: Rethoric or Reality Praeger 15. Greenwood, P.,Chaiken, J. and Petersilia, J. (1977), The Criminal Investigation Pocess, Lesington, M.A.: D.C.Heat 16. Griffiths, W. (1998), Zero Tolerance: A View of London, in N.Dennis (ed.) Zero Tolerance Policing in a Free Society, 2nd edn. London: I.E.A.
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17. Haggerty, K and Ericson, R. (2000) The Surviliant Assemblage, British Journal of Sociology 51 (4): 605-22 18. Harcourt, B. (2001) Ilusion of Order, Cambridge, M.A.:Harvard University Press. 19. Innes, M. (1996) An Iron Fist in an Iron Glove?, The zero tolerance policing debate , Howard Jurnal of Criminal Justice, 38 (4): 397-410. 20. Innes, M. (2000) Professionalising the police informant: The British Experience, Policing and Society, 9: 357-83

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NEW WAYS OF PREVENTION AGAINST CRIME IN EUROPE POPESCU LAURENIU Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract A fact that is very significant in the new prevention practices of the 80s from the countries in Western Europe, as different as their interest, is that the local level (city, town, and neighborhood) is considered to be the best way of implementation. In many countries the local authorities play a role in the prevention policy. Except England, in countries like France, Holland and Belgium in which there has been developed a national prevention policy in which the mayor is designated as the responsible authority with the elaboration of a local prevention policy in which any kind of projects and efforts must be coordinated and integrated. Keywords: prevention, criminality, organized criminality, prevention projects. SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY: - Public order strategy 2010-2013 - Johnstons analyses (1995) - G.L. Kelling Broken Windows (1982)

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ASPECTE CRIMINOLOGICE PRIVIND RESOCIALIZAREA INFRACTORILOR NICOLAE ADRIANA Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza MNUC FLORIN Primria Sectorului 4, Bucureti Abstract The article is focused on the main issues linked to reintegration of the criminals in society, after being convicted and have fulfiled their punishment. Also, the main methods of social reintegration (education, reeducation and different treatment methods) are mentioned. Keywords: reintegration, criminology, reeducation, criminal, society. BIBLIOGRAFIE William Rentzmann, Pietre de temelie in filozofia tratamentului modern: normalizarea, deschiderea, responsabilitatea, in Revista de Stiinta Penitenciara, nr.3-4, 1991 Costica Paun, Gh. Nistoreanu, Criminologie, Bucuresti, editura Europa Nova, 2000 Rodica Mihaela Stanoiu, Criminologie, Ed. Oscar Print, Bucuresti, 1997 Recomandarea R(87)3, adoptata de Consiliul Ministrilor Europei la 12.02.1987 privind regulile europene pentru penitenciare, in Revista de Stiinta Penitenciara, nr. 3-4(7-8), 1991 Helmut Gonsa, Organizarea detentiei (intemnitarii), tratamentul detinutilor i pregatirea lor pentru liberare, in Revista de Stiinta Penitenciara, nr.3-4(7-8), 1991 Dan Banciu, Control social i sanctiuni sociale, Ed. Fundatiei Victor, 1999

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ELEMENTE SPECIFICE CERCETRII LA FAA LOCULUI N CAZURILE DE OMOR cms.ef FLORIN TALPU Academia de PoliieAlexandru Ioan Cuza insp.pr. ADRIAN CHESNOIU Inspectoratul General al Poliiei Romne Abstract Combining the experience of a practician and a forensic trainer, the article presents the amin isssues linked to crime scene investigation in specific cases of homicide. Keywords: crime scene investigation, homicide, criminal investigation. Bibliografie: V.Berchean, Metodologia investigrii criminalistice a omorului, Editura Paralela 45, 1998. V.Beli, Medicin legal n practica Judiciar, Editura Juridic, 2005. A.Ciopraga, Criminalistica. Elemente de tactic, Universitatea Al. I. Cuza, Iai, Facultatea de Drept, Iai, 1986. Colectiv, Criminalistic, curs universitar pentru studenii Academiei de Poliie, Bucureti, 2010. V.Coroiu, N.Grofu, G.Panfil, Elemente de criminalistic tactic, Ed.Estfalia, Bucureti, 2010.

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CONSIDERAII CU PRIVIRE LA MIJLOACELE DE PROB NTLNITE LA FAA LOCULUI SVRIRII UNEI INFRACIUNI INFORMATICE COROIU VIOREL doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al. I. Cuza Abstract Different situations met in cases of crime scene investigation when a computer was used means different realities met and delt with. Most important of all is respecting the line procedures linked to identifying and protecting sensitive data. Keywords: crime scene investigation, samples, evidence, data.

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SCHIMBUL DE DATE CRIMINALISTICE CU AJUTORUL INSTRUMENTELOR PRUM DOGARU MUGUREL Institutul de Criminalistic Abstract The Forensic Science over time has proved the importance and the need to identify offenders. Modern judicial identification exists thanks to the databases (fingerprints, DNA profiles, facial images/ mugshots, etc.) and thanks to the automatic identification systems. For a better cooperation between E.U .countries in combating terrorism, cross border crime and illegal migration, it was decided that forensic databases of EU member states to be shared and to be made searches in real time. Keywords : Prum Treaty, cooperation, database, DNA profiles, fingerprint, ANSI/NIST. Bibliografie: 1. Tratatul dintre Regatul Belgiei, Republica Federala Germania, Regatul Spaniei, Republica Franceza, Marele Ducat de Luxemburg, Regatul Tarilor de Jos i Republica Austria privind aprofundarea cooperarii transfrontaliere, in special in vederea combaterii terorismului, criminalitatii transfrontaliere i migratiei ilegale, semnat la Prum la 27 mai 2005; 2. Legea 146 din 2008 pentru aderarea Romaniei la Tratatul dintre Regatul Belgiei, Republica Federala Germania, Regatul Spaniei, Republica Franceza, Marele Ducat de Luxemburg, Regatul Tarilor de Jos i Republica Austria; 3. Decizia Consiliului Uniunii Europene 615/2008/JAI; 4. Decizia Consiliului Uniunii Europene 616/2008/JAI; 5. www.europa.eu

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CRIMINALITATEA INFORMATIC SAU ,,DELINCVENA ASISTAT DE CALCULATOR - interferene romneti i internaionale OLGUA DOGARU doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract: The next world war might take place in the virtual space witch would be a catastrophe (Hamadoun Keywords: cybercrime, Internet, internal security, security space Bibliografie: 1. www.crime-research.org/about/ 2. www.adevarul.ro 3. www.gandul.ro 4. www.cert.ro 5. www.politiaromana.ro 6. www.eur-lex.europa.eu

Toure).

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TRAFICUL DE PERSOANE - FORM DE MANIFESTARE A CRIMINALITII ORGANIZATE N MEDIUL RURAL CORNEL PETRE FILIP I.P.J. Gorj doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract Human trafficking is a crime against personal liberty, committed by traffickers for exploitation and can involve or not the crossing borders phenomenon as a complex one, consisting of a variety of forms of expression and it allow gradual sanctions, depending on the gravity of the offending statements. It may be linked with many other crimes, including transnational organized crime and global terrorism and various social phenomena, such as poverty, corruption, social marginalization and discrimination in all forms generate and maintain it. Victims vulnerability from rural areas is the more important the more present are the factors which determine the expansion of trafficking both at the macro social and familiar or individual level. Keywords: human trafficking, personal liberty, offence, vulnerability, victim. REFERINE BIBLIOGRAFICE -Lzroiu, S., 2000, Trafic de femei o perspectiv sociologic, Sociologie Romneasc, nr.2, Bucureti. -Lzroiu, S., Alexandru, M., 2003, Cine este urmtoarea victim? Vulnerabilitatea femeilor tinere din Romnia n faa traficului de fiine umane, OIM, Bucureti. -Voicu, B., 2005, Penuria pseudo-modern a postcomunismului romnesc, Editura Expert Projects, Iai. -Zamfir, C., Vlsceanu, L., 1993, Dicionar de sociologie; Urmat de indicatori demografici, economici, sociali i sociologici, Editura Babel, Bucureti. -Asistena pentru implementarea Planului de Aciune ECOWAS mpotriva traficului de persoane, 2006, UNODC. -Evaluarea politicilor privind traficul de fiine umane din Romnia, 2005, UNICEF. -ILO, O alian global mpotriva muncii forate, 2005. -Examinare general a suportului psihologic i a serviciilor oferite victimelor traficate, 2003, OIM. -Raport privind traficul de persoane, 2005, Departamentul de Stat al SUA. -Raport privind traficul de persoane, 2006, Departamentul de Stat al SUA. -Traficul de persoane: paternuri globale, 2006, UNODC. -Legea nr. 678/2001 privind prevenirea i combaterea traficului de persoane -Legea nr. 287/2005 pentru aprobarea O.U.G. nr. 79/2005 privind modificarea i completarea Legii nr. 678/2001. -H.G. 299/2003 pentru aprobarea Regulamentului de aplicare a dispoziiilor Legii nr. 678/2001. -Legea nr. 211/2004 privind unele msuri pentru asigurarea proteciei victimelor infraciunilor. -Legea nr. 565/2002 pentru ratificarea Conveniei Naiunilor Unite mpotriva criminalitii transnaionale organizate, precum i a protocoalelor adiionale -Legea nr. 300/2006 pentru ratificarea Conveniei Consiliului Europei privind lupta mpotriva traficului de fiine umane. -Legea nr. 39/2003 privind prevenirea i combaterea criminalitii organizate. -Legea nr. 682/2002 privind protecia martorilor. -Legea nr. 116/2002 privind prevenirea i combaterea marginalizrii sociale. -Legea nr. 47/2006 privind sistemul naional de asisten social. -H.G. nr. 1654/2006 privind aprobarea Strategiei naionale mpotriva traficului de persoane pentru perioada 2006-2010.
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-H.G. nr. 1720/2006 privind aprobarea Planului naional de aciune 2006 -2007 n vederea implementrii Strategiei naionale mpotriva traficului de persoane pentru perioada 2006 -2010. PROF.UNIV.DR. VASILE BERCHEAN PERSONALITATE MARCANT A CRIMINALISTICII ROMNETI (1951 2009) lector univ. drd. NICOLAE GROFU Academia de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Doctorand n cadrul Institutului de Cercetri Juridice Acad. Andrei Rdulescu al Academiei Romne Abstract The author presents, in addition to some biographical data, the scientific achievements of Professor Ph.D. Vasile Berchean, whose personality marked the forensics of Romania. Keywords: Vasile Berchean, personality, forensics.

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SUBSTANELE PSIHOACTIVE. DEFINIIE, CLASIFICARE, MECANISME DE ACIUNE asist. univ. dr. RA HORIA asist. univ. TOADER CTLIN Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza Abstract Drugs are a problem particularly alarming, whose seriousness becomes more visible every day. Worldwide, there are millions of people who are using drugs, abusing other illegal substances. Addicts depend on factors related to the environment, the individual, especially the drug administered. Keywords: drugs, junk, psychotropic. BIBLIOGRAFIE: 1. Abuzul i toxicodependena. Mecanisme, manifestri, tratament, legislaie. Daniela Baconi, Dan Bllu, Pavel Abraham, editura Medical, 2009. 2. Paradisuri artificiale, editura Viata Medicala Romneasc, 2003, Dan Dermengiu, Gabriel Gorun. 3. Toxicologie medico legal, editura Viaa Medical romneasc, 2006, Dan Dermengiu, Gabriel Gorun.

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NELCIUNI COMISE CU AJUTORUL SISTEMELOR INFORMATICE ing.VLAD GABRIEL Societatea Naional de Radiodifuziune Abstract The article presents the main characteristics of the frauds commited by the use of computers. Some very actual crimes such as phishing or spamming are tackled by the author. Keywords: cybercrime, fraud, hacking, spamming, phishing. Bibliografie : Legea nr. 161/2003 privind unele masuri pentru asigurarea transparentei in exercitarea demnitatilor publice, a functiilor publice i in mediul de afaceri, prevenirea i sanctionarea coruptiei , Monitorul Oficial nr. 279 din 21 aprilie 2003, Dr.Maxim Dobrinoiu Infractiuni n domeniul informatic , Bucuresti 2006, site : e -crime.ro Sesiunea stiintifica Justiia i afacerile interne prin educaie i instruire- Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza - 6 mai 2010 , articol Criminaliatate informatica , crima moderna - autor Petria Cristian Ghid introductiv pentru aplicarea dispozitiilor legale referitoare la criminalitatea informatica Internews Network , RITI dot Gov , 2004. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission -Ghid mpotriva escrocheriilor, neltoriilor, schemelor necinstite i a jafului http// o9atitudine.ro www.diicot.ro

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MEDIEREA DIRECT A INFRACIUNILOR LA VIAA SEXUAL ZECHERU NICOLAE Inspectoratul general al Poliiei Romne doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract Sexual freedom is an aspect of the persons freedom. It means the persons absolute right to have a relation only according to ones own will and total liberty in choosing the partner. Sexual freedom has as a corollary the sexual inviolability of a person, meaning that one cannot be forced in any way to have sexual intercourse. Keywords: freedom, partner choosing, relations according to ones free will. BIBLIOGRAFIE - Constitutia Romaniei; - Codul Penal al Romniei cu modificrile i completrile la zi; - Codul de Procedur Penal al Romniei cu modificrile i completrile la zi. - Codul Civil al Romaniei cu modificarile i completarile la zi; - Codul de Procedura Civila al Romaniei cu modificarile i completarile la zi; - Legea nr.192/16 mai 2006 privind medierea i organizarea profesiei de mediator publicat n Monitorul Oficial nr.441/22 mai 2006; - Drept Penal Romn Curs selectiv pentru licen 1997 autori Prof. Dr. Constantin Bulai , Prof Dr. Avram Filipa, Prof Dr. Constantin Mitrache, Editura Press Mihaela SRL Bucureti 1997; - Drept penal partea special autori Gheorghe Nistoreanu i Alexandru Boroi editura AllBeck 2002; - Medierea i profesia de mediator suport de curs Prof. Dr. Silviu Costache - Manual de mediere Xenofan Ulianovschi, Marcela Dilion, Vasile Rotaru, Roman Koval i Diana Popa publicat in cadrul proiectului Consolidarea socieatatii civile. Sanatatea i drepturile omului in inchisorile din Republica Moldova de catre Directia Editoriala a Institutului de Reforme Penale din Republica Moldova. - Proceduri de mediere Av.Dr. Mugur Jak Caracas; - Medierea n comunitate autori Silviu Eruencu, Anca Ciuc i Adrian Bdil.

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CONSIDERAII PRIVIND CAUZELE JUSTIFICATIVE N REGLEMENTAREA NOULUI COD PENAL VLAD MARTA GIANINA SILVIA Primria Sectorului 4 Bucureti Abstract The article presents the main situations that can involve elliminating the penal guilt of the person who has commited any sort of crime. Keywords: self defence, state of necessity, irresponsability. BIBLIOGRAFIE : Codul penal cu modificrile aduse prin Legea nr. 278/2006 pentru modificarea i completarea Codului penal precum i pentru modificarea i competarea alor legi . Legea nr. 286/2009 privind Codul penal Monitorul Oficial nr. 510 / 24.07.2009 Alexandru Boroi, Drept Penal. Partea General. Conform Noului Cod penal, Ed. C.H.Beck, Bucuresti,2010 Ionel Tanoviceanu, Tratat de drept penal i procedur penal, Ediiunea a -II-a, Tipografia Curierul Judiciar, Bucureti, 1929. Gaston Stefani, George Lavasseur, Dallos Bernard, Droit penal general, troisieme edition, Paris, 1987. Sesiunea tiinific Justiia i afacerile interne prin educaie i instruire- Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza - 6 mai 2010 , articol Cauzele justificative n lumina noului Cod penal - autor Constantina Andrei Ionas P ioan Daniel Cauzele justificative n reglementarea noului Cod penal dreptonline.ro

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PREGTIREA I DISPUNEREA CONSTATRII TEHNICO-TIINIFICE I A EXPERTIZEI Lect.univ.dr.BOBIN FLORIN drd. SCHIOPU AURA Ministerul Public Abstract The article tackles the problems linked to preparation and effective demanding of laboratory examinations in cases of traces lifted from the crime scene. Keywords: investigation report, preparation of the investigation, laboratory examination .

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ASPECTE PRIVIND SISTEMUL NAIONAL DE DATE GENETICE JUDICIARE DIN ROMNIA/ ASPECTS CONTENING NATIONAL DNA DATA BANK FROM ROMANIA PREP.UNIV.CIOAC CEZAR Academa de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza NEACU ELENA-ALINA Universitatea Romno-American Abstract The value of DNA to police investigations is enormous. Biological samples collected from a crime scene can either link a suspect to the scene, or rule the suspect out as the donor of the DNA. Evidence from different crime scenes can be compared to link the same perpetrator to multiple offences, whether the crimes took place locally, across the country, or halfway around the world. It can also identify a victim through DNA from close relatives. A National DNA Data Bank contributes to the administration of justice and the safety of people by ensuring that those who commit serious crimes are identified more quickly. Keywords: DNA Data Bank, DNA profile, biological samples, forensic. Bibliografie: Legea nr. 76/2008. G.Panfil, Fundamentele tehnicii criminalistice, volumul 2, Editura Estfalia, 2010. V.Berghean, M.Ruiu, Tratat criminalistic, Editura Little Star, 2004. V.Coroiu, C.Cioac, G.Panfil, F.Tlpu, C.Toader, Tehnic criminalistic, Editura Estfalia 2010. G.Popa, C.Drghici, C.M.Lzureanu, I.Necula, O.Conicescu, Valorificarea urmelor i mijloacelor materiale de probprin constatri tehnico-tiinifice i expertize criminalistice, Curs postuniversitar, Editura ERA, 2008 6. F.Ionescu, Criminalistic, volumul 2, Editura Universitar, 2009. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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DELIMITRI CONCEPTUALE N DOMENIUL MANAGEMENTUL RISCURILOR asist.univ.PANFIL GEORGIC doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza Abstract The following article reffers to the main terms used to define risk, risk management, risk analysis, vulnerability, focusing on those elements able to make the differences between those terms. Also, the main terms used by the amin authors in the field of risk management are presented. Keywords: risk, risk management, terminology, risk analysis. BIBLIOGRAFIE 1. Nan Hunter - The law of emergencies, public health and desaster management, Elsevier, 2009. 2. M.Krouhy, D.Galai, R.Mark The essentials of risk management, McGraw Hill 2006. 3. Carol Archbold Police accountability, risk management and legal advising, LFB Scholarly Publishing LFB, New York, 2004. 4. D.M.Byrd, C.R.Cothern Introduction to risk analysis, The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2005. 5. R.B.Duffey, J.W.Saull Managing risk.The human element, Wiley, 2005. 6. Vlasta Molak Fundamentals of risk analysis and risk management, CRC Press, Lewis Publishers, 1997. 7. V.N.Bier, M.N.Azaiez Game theoretic risk analysis of security threats, Springer, 2009. 8. Douglas Landoll The security risk assessment handbook, Auerbach Publications, 2006. 9. C.O.Alexander The handbook of risk management and analysis, John Wiley, 1998. 10. Paul Hopkin Fundamentals of risk management, IRM Kogan Page, 2010. 11. Aswath Domodaran Strategic risk taking, Pearson Education Inc., 2008. 12. Alexander McNeil Quantitative risk management, Princeton University Press, 2005. 13. American Academy of Actuaries, Committee on Risk Classification Risk Classification Statement of Principles, 1980. 14. Stanford Research Institute The Role of Risk Classification in Property and Casualty Insurance: A Study of the Risk Assessment Process, 1976. 15. Richard Woll A study of risk assessment.Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society, 1979. 16. Carl Pritchard Risk management, concepts and guidance, ESI International, Arlington, Virginia, 2001. 17. G.Bankoff, G.Frerks, D.Hilhorst, Mapping Vulnerability, Syngress, 2004. 18. NIST Standard 800-14. 19. NIST Standard 800-17. 20. NIST Standard 800-30. 21. Ministerul Finanelor Publice, Metodologia de Implementare a Managementului Riscurilor, Bucureti, 2001.

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AUDIEREA PERSOANELOR N CAUZELE PRIVIND FAPTELE COMISE CU ARME DE FOC (II) Lect.univ.drd.MARIN RUIU Academia de Poliie Alexandru Ioan Cuza Abstract The article presents the main rules applied to the interogation of persons that have commited crimes linked to the fire weapons. Keywords: fire weapon, crime, interogarion, suspects. BIBLIOGRAFIE : Stancu Emilian TRATAT DE CRIMINALISTIC, Ediia a IV-a, Ed. Universul Juridic, 2007. N.Volonciu - TRATAT DE DREPT PROCESUAL PENAL, Ed. Paideea, Bucureti, 1997. Codul de Procedur Penal Emilian Stancu TRATAT DE CRIMINALISTIC, Ed.a II-a revzut i adugit, Universul Juridic, Bucureti, 2002 T.Butoi TRATAT DE PSIHOLOGIE JUDICIAR, TEORIE I PRACTIC I. Mircea CRIMINALISTICA, Ed. Lumina Lex, Bucureti, 1999 A. Chircev, V. Mare, I. Radu, Al. Roca, M.Roca, B. Zorgo, - PSIHOLOGIA GENERAL, Ed.Didactic i Pedagogic, Bucureti, 1976 P.P.Neveanu DICIONAR DE PSIHOLOGIE, Ed. Albatros, Bucureti, 1978 S.A.Golunski CRIMINALISTICA, Bucureti, Ed.tiinific, 1961 Druu i colaboratorii INTRODUCERE N PSIHOLOGIA CONTEMPORAN, Ed. Sincron, 1991 Charles E. OHara FUNDAMENTALS OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION, SECOND EDITION, EIGHT PRINTING, CHARLES C.THOMAS Publisher, Springfield, Ilinois, SUA, 1973 Dosar nr. 288/P/1998 al Seciei Parchetelor Militare A.Ciopraga EVALUAREA PROBEI TESTIMONIALE N PROCESUL PENAL, Ed.Junimea, Iai, 1979 T.Butoi PSIHOLOGIE JUDICIAR, Casa de Editur i Pres ansa S.R.L., Bucureti, 1992

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CRIMINALITATEA ORGANIZATA IN DREPTUL INTERNATIONAL DELIMITARI.CONCEPTE.CAUZE.TIPURI DE ORGANIZATII CRIMINALE I STRUCTURA ACESTORA drd. CONSTANTIN UNGA Directia Generala de Servicii Comunitare Sector 1 Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract The article presents the main types of organized crime groups, the main characteristics of their structure, with approaches to main concepts linked to the international laws reffering to the organized crime, criminals and punishments. Keywords: organized crime groups, laws, structure, criminals. BIBLIOGRAFIE: Adrian Iacob, C-tin Victor Drghici Crima organizat, Editura Tritonic, Bucureti 2006, pag.62. 2 Damian Miclea Combaterea crimei organizate, vol.I, Editura Ministerului Administraiei i Internelor, Bucureti, 2004, pag.7. 3 George Marius ical Crima Organizat i terorismul, Editura Fundaiei Universitare Dunrea de jos, Galai 2006, pag.17. 4 Valerian Cioclei Despre ambiguitatea conceptualn materiacriminalitii organizate, Culegere de materiale din Proiectul TEMPUS VEP Lupta mpotriva corupiei organizate, Editura Lumina Tipo, Bucureti, 2001, pag.138-143. 5 Resurse proprii
1

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ACCIDENTUL RUTIER FLAGEL AL LUMII MODERNE. EFORTURI INTERNAIONALE DE COMBATERE A ACESTUI FENOMEN MIHAIU IONEL Inspectoratul General al Poliiei Romne Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract Road traffic safety is a major social issue, all over the world. Every year, 1.300.000 people die, world wide, in road traffic accidents and 20.000.000 to 50.000.000 people are injured in such accidents. Keywords: road safety, traffic, accidents, international efforts. BIBLIOGRAFIE SELECTIV Legislaie intern i internaional: -Ordonana de Urgen a Guvernului Romniei nr.195/2002, cu modificrile i completrile ulterioare, privind circulaia pe drumurile publice; -Hotrrea de Guvern nr.1391/04.10.2006, privind regulamentul de aplicare a Ordonanei de urgen nr.195/2002; -Hotrrea de Guvern nr. 437/20.06.1995, privind nfiinarea Consiliului Interministerial pentru Siguran Rutier; -Convenia asupra circulaiei rutiere, ncheiat la Viena, la 8 noiembrie 1968; -Carta alb a Comisiei Europene asupra politicilor comunitilor europene n transporturi, 12 septembrie 2001; -Comisia Economica pentru Europa a ONU-UNECE Consolidated Resolution R.E.1 /1997 Cri, studii i articole de specialitate: Evans Leonard - Traffic Safety, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002; Enrico Grillo Paquarelli. Conferina COM , Bruxelles, 02.12.2009; Hernetkoski K, Keskinen E. Self-destruction in Finnish Motor Traffic accidents in 1974-1992. Accid Anal Prev. 1998; - Haight FA. Handbook of the Poisson Distribution. New York, NY: John Wiley; 1967; - Langley JD. The need to discontinue the use of the term accident when referring to unintentional injury events. Accid Anal Prev. 1988; - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Traffic Safety Facts 2000 A compilation of motor vehicle crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System. Report No. DOT HS 809 337. December 2001; - National Transportation Statistics 2002. Washington, DC: US Department of Transportation; - Ohberg A, Penttila A, Lonnqvist J. Driver suicides. Brit J Psychiatry. 1997; - Paul L. Olson, Forensic aspects of driver Perception and response, Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, 2009; - Pless B, Davis RM. BMJ bans accidents: Accidents are not unpredictable. Brit Med J. 2001; - Peck RC, McBride RS, Coppin RS. The distribution and prediction of driver accident frequencies. Accid Anal Prev. 1971; - Shaw, Kelly. and Richardson, Lilliard. "Traffic Safety Policy in the European Union: The Role of Interest Groups" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois, Apr 15, 2004; - World Health Organization. Burden of disease project. Global burden of disease estimates for 2001; - Wood DP. Safety and the car size effect: A fundamental explanation. Accid Anal Prev. 1997; 34

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INSTITUII I VALORI SUPREME N STATUL DE DREPT CARE POT FI AMENINATE procuror CHIOPU AURA Ministerul Public doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract This article reffers to the domain of the national security and presents the main issues, the characteristics and the main national institutions that can be threatened. Keywords: national security, national institution, threats, evolution. BIBLIOGRAFIE Maria Voinea, Dan Banciu, Sociologie juridic, Bucureti, Universitatea romno-american, 1993 Ioan Sabu, Florin Stelian Bobin, Fundamentele constituionale i juridice ale aciunilor militare, Editura Ceramaprint, Bucureti, 2009 Bdlan Eugen, Securitatea Romniei. Actualitate i perspectiv. Un punct de vedere, Editura Militar, Bucureti, 2001 Thomas Powers, Can We Be Secure and Free, Public Interest Review, Spring 2005 Zbigniew Brzezinski, Marea tabl de sah. Supremaia American i imperativele geostrategice , Editura Univers Enciclopedic, Bucureti, 2005 Ionel Closca, Ion Suceava, Convenia Drepturilor Omului, Compendiu, Editura Lex, 2005

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NECESITATEA COOPERRII INTERSTATALE N MATERIA MANAGEMENTULUI CRIZELOR PRICOPIE IOAN Doctorand n cadrul Academiei de Poliie Al.I.Cuza Abstract Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a major event that threatens to harm the organization, its stakeholders, or the general public. This article refers to the main aspects, advantages and disadvantages linked to crisis management cooperation within European Union. Keywords: crisis management, european structures, european cooperation, crisis mitigation. BIBLIOGRAFIE -Stephen Fink, Crisis management: planning for the inevitable, Backinprint, 2000; -Michael Hillyard, Public Crisis Management, Writers Club Press, 2000. -Ian Mitroff, Gus Anagnos, Managing crises before they happen, AMACOM, 2001. -www.wikipedia.com

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