Sunteți pe pagina 1din 3

IN GOD WE TRUST Suspension of the Government of the united states of America .

On December 20 1860 the congressmen of the southern St tes of !mer"c # $%e& out of congress "n sess"on bec use the' &"& not gree #"th the (o$"c"es of the northern St tes h & force& on them. Th"s ct"on c use& St te of Emergenc') #h"ch sus(en&e& the Re(ub$"c of the un"te& St tes of !mer"c n& therefore sus(en&e& the const"tut"on n& "ts go*ernment. O*er 1+0 'e rs s"nce th t t"me !mer"c h s been #"thout go*ernment) ho#e*er) through contr ct the Re(ub$"c # s ($ ce& un&er ,un&erst n&-st n&"ng un&er. fore"gn o(er te& (r"* te cor(or t"on c $$e& UNITED ST!TES ,U.S.. History of Current Contract. On / rch 0) 1011) &ue to "m(en&"ng b n%ru(tc' the UNITED ST!TES m &e 2Ne# De $3 #"th the US 4"t"5ens ,not the So*ere"gn 6eo($e of !mer"c . ent"t$es) Sen te Document No. 71 81r& 4ongress) 1st Sess"on here"n 2contr ct.3 The contr ct st te&) 2It ,9e&er $ reser*e notes :"$$s n& :on&s) etc. #"$$ re(resent mortg ge on $$ the homes n& other (ro(ert' of $$ the (eo($e "n the N t"on.3 !s resu$t) $eg $ t"t$e of $$ (ro(ert' # s turne& o*er to the St te s e*"&ence& b' the st tement "n the contr ct 2The o#nersh"( of $$ (ro(ert' "s "n the St te.3 In or&er to ccount for the monet r' "ncre ses g "ne& b' the use of the (eo($e;s (ro(ert' n& (ro&uct"on) the UNITED ST!TES cre te& rt"f"c" $ ent"t"es terme& 26ersons)3 for e ch of the (eo($e) us"ng the (eo($e;s o#n n mes #r"tten "n $$ c ("t $ $etters. 9or e< m($e) =ohn Doe the m n #ou$& h *e 6erson ent"t$e& 2=O>N DOE3 &er"* t"*e of the Go&-G"*en n me. ! rt"f"c" $ ent"t' c $$e& CESTUI QUE TRUST) ent"t$e& JOH !OE) n "m ge of John" !oe) to con&uct commerc" $ bus"ness n& to "nterf ce #"th other $eg $ f"ct"ons "n reg r& to contr cts tr ns ct"ons) negot" t"ons n& ?u&gments. The fo$$o#"ng re $eg $ (ersons n& rt"f"c" $ ent"t"es c $$e& (r"* te 2fore"gn3 cor(or t"ons@ UNITED N!TIONS ,U.N..) INTERN!TION!A /ONET!RB 9UND ,I/9.) 9EDER!A RESERCE :!ND ,9R:. n& sub-cor(or t"ons) UNITED ST!TES ,U.S.. n& "ts sub-cor(or t"ons "nc$u&"ng the 2ST!TE O93 IAAINOIS n& the other 70 2ST!TES O9)3 n& $$ the"r 4OUNTIES) /UNI4I6!AITIES n& other subcor(or t"ons) n& $$ other reg"stere& cor(or t"ons on ($ net e rth. Def"ne& (ursu nt to 24ontr ct3 $$ re 2Trustees3 for the :enef"c" r'. TRUST &ef"ne&@ ! $eg $ ent"t' cre te& b' gr ntor for the benef"t of &es"gn te& benef"c" r"es un&er the $ #s of the st te n& the * $"& trust "nstrument. The trustee ho$&s f"&uc" r' res(ons"b"$"t' to m n ge the trustEs cor(us ssets n& "ncome for the econom"c benef"t of $$ of the benef"c" r"es. ! conf"&ence re(ose& "n one (erson) #ho "s terme& trustee) for the benef"t of nother) #ho "s c $$e& the cestu" Fue trust) res(ect"ng (ro(ert' #h"ch "s he$& b' the trustee for the benef"t of the cestu" Fue trust. St te e< reI. W"rt *. Su(er"or 4ourt for S(o% ne 4ount') 10 W sh.2& 162) 116 6.2& 8+2) 8++. !n' rr ngement #hereb' (ro(ert' "s tr nsferre& #"th "ntent"on th t "t be &m"n"stere& b' trustee for notherEs benef"t. ! f"&uc" r' re$ t"onsh"( "n #h"ch one (erson "s the ho$&er of the t"t$e to (ro(ert' sub?ect to n eFu"t b$e ob$"g t"on to %ee( or use the (ro(ert' for the benef"t of nother. Scott"Es Dr"*e In Rest ur nts) Inc. *. /"$e >"gh-D rt In 4or(.) W'o.) +26 6.2& 1101) 110+. ! trust c n be cre te& for n' (ur(ose #h"ch "s not "$$eg $) n& #h"ch "s not g "nst (ub$"c (o$"c'. 4o$$"ns *. A'on) Inc.) 181 C . 210) 27 S.E.2& +82) +80. Essent" $ e$ements of trust re &es"gn te& benef"c" r' n& trustee) fun& suff"c"ent$' "&ent"f"e& to en b$e t"t$e to ( ss to trustee) n& ctu $ &e$"*er' to trustee #"th "ntent"on of ( ss"ng t"t$e. 4"t' : n% 9 rmersE Trust 4o. *. 4h r"t' Org n"5 t"on Soc. of 4"t' of Ne# Bor%) 218 !((.D"*. 820) 26+ N.B.S. 268. !n ssoc" t"on or org n"5 t"on of (ersons or cor(or t"ons h *"ng the "ntent"on n& (o#er) or the ten&enc') to cre te mono(o$') contro$ (ro&uct"on) "nterfere #"th the free course of tr &e or tr ns(ort t"on) or to f"< n& regu$ te the su(($' n& the (r"ce of commo&"t"es. In the h"stor' of econom"c &e*e$o(ment) the GtrustG # s or"g"n $$' &e*"ce b' #h"ch se*er $ cor(or t"ons eng ge& "n the s me gener $ $"ne of bus"ness m"ght comb"ne for the"r mutu $ &* nt ge) "n the &"rect"on of e$"m"n t"ng &estruct"*e com(et"t"on) contro$$"ng the out(ut of the"r commo&"t') n& regu$ t"ng n& m "nt "n"ng "ts (r"ce) but t the s me t"me (reser*"ng the"r se( r te "n&"*"&u $ e<"stence) n& #"thout n' conso$"& t"on or merger. Th"s &e*"ce # s the erect"on of centr $ comm"ttee or bo r&) com(ose&) (erh (s) of the (res"&ents or gener $ m n gers of the &"fferent cor(or t"ons) n& the tr nsfer to them of m ?or"t' of the stoc% "n e ch of the cor(or t"ons) to be he$& G"n trustG for the se*er $ stoc%ho$&ers so ss"gn"ng the"r ho$&"ngs. These stoc%ho$&ers rece"*e& "n return Gtrust cert"f"c tesG sho#"ng th t the' #ere ent"t$e& to

rece"*e the &"*"&en&s on the"r ss"gne& stoc%) though the *ot"ng (o#er of "t h & ( sse& to the trustees. Th"s $ st fe ture en b$e& the trustees or comm"ttee to e$ect $$ the &"rectors of $$ the cor(or t"ons) n& through them the off"cers) n& thereb' to e<erc"se n bso$ute$' contro$$"ng "nf$uence o*er the (o$"c' n& o(er t"ons of e ch const"tuent com( n') to the en&s n& #"th the (ur(oses bo*e ment"one&. Though the Gtrust)G "n th"s sense) "s no# se$&om "f e*er resorte& to s form of cor(or te org n"5 t"on) h *"ng g"*en ($ ce to the Gho$&"ng cor(or t"onG n& other &e*"ces) the #or& bec me current "n st tute $ #s s #e$$ s (o(u$ r s(eech) to &es"gn te $most n' form of comb"n t"on of mono(o$"st"c ch r cter or ten&enc'. Northern Secur"t"es 4o. *. U. S.) 101 U.S. 108) 27 S.4t. 716) 78 A.E&. 680H / $$"nc%ro&t 4hem"c $ Wor%s *. St te of /"ssour") 218 U.S. 71) 1+ S.4t. 681) 681) +0 A.E&. 1102. In $ooser sense the term "s (($"e& to n' comb"n t"on of est b$"shments "n the s me $"ne of bus"ness for secur"ng the s me en&s b' ho$&"ng the "n&"*"&u $ "nterests of e ch subser*"ent to common uthor"t' for the common "nterests of $$. / $$"nc%ro&t 4hem"c $ Wor%s *. St te of /"ssour") 218 U.S. 71) 1+ S.4t. 681) . 681) +0 A.E&. 1102. ! trust) s the term "s use& "n the Rest tement) #hen not Fu $"f"e& b' the #or& Gch r"t b$e)G Gresu$t"ngG or Gconstruct"*e)G "s f"&uc" r' re$ t"onsh"( #"th res(ect to (ro(ert') sub?ect"ng the (erson b' #hom the t"t$e to the (ro(ert' "s he$& to eFu"t b$e &ut"es to &e $ #"th the (ro(ert' for the benef"t of nother (erson) #h"ch r"ses s resu$t of m n"fest t"on of n "ntent"on to cre te "t. Rest tement) Secon&) Trusts I 2. See $so :re ch of trustH 4h r"t b$e trustH 4$ f$"n trustH 4ommon-$ # trustH 4om($e< trustH 4onstruct"*e trustH Dec$ r t"on ,Dec$ r t"on of trust.) Dee& ,Dee& of trust.) EFu"(mentH E<ecutor' trustH Gener t"on-s%"(("ng trustH Go*ernment $ trustsH Gr ntor trustsH I$$usor' trustH In&estruct"b$e trustH In*estment trustH In*o$unt r' trustH A n& trustH A"fe "nsur nce trustH A"fe "nterestH Nom"n $ trustH Nom"nee trustH Or $ trustH 6ens"on trustH 6rec tor' trustH 6urch se mone' resu$t"ng trustH Rec"(roc $ trustsH Resu$t"ng trustH Re*oc b$e trustH S(en&thr"ft trustH Terms of trustH Un"trustH Cot"ng trust. :$ c%;s A # D"ct"on r' S"<th E&"t"on ,( ge 1+08) 1+00. 4ESTUI JUE TRUST &ef"ne&@ The (erson for #hose benef"t trust "s cre te& or #ho "s to en?o' the "ncome or the * "$s of "t. See :enef"c" r'. :$ c%;s A # D"ct"on r' S"<th E&"t"on ,( ge 1+10. 4ESTUI JUE TRUST &ef"ne&@ >e #ho h s r"ght to benef"c" $ "nterest "n n& out of n est te the $eg $ t"t$e to #h"ch "s *este& "n nother. 2 W shb. Re $ 6ro(. 161. The (erson #ho (ossesses the eFu"t b$e r"ght to (ro(ert' n& rece"*es the rents) "ssues) n& (rof"ts thereof) the $eg $ est te of #h"ch "s *este& "n trustee. :ern r&s*"$$e /etho&"st E("s- co( $ 4hurch *. Sene') 8+ N.=.EF. 281) 06 !. 188) 180H /oore *. Sh"ff$ett) 188 D'. 8) 216 S.W. 617) 616. :enef"c" r' of trust) U$mer *. 9u$ton) 120 Oh"o St. 121) 10+ N.E. ++8) +67) 08 !.A.R. 1180. :$ c%Es A # D"ct"on r' 9ourth E&"t"on ,( ge 280. 4ESTUI JUE USE &ef"ne&@ >e for #hose use n& benef"t $ n&s or tenements re he$& b' nother. The cestui que use h s the r"ght to rece"*e the (rof"ts n& benef"ts of the est te) but the $eg $ t"t$e n& (ossess"on , s #e$$ s the &ut' of &efen&"ng the s me. res"&e "n the other. 2 :$ .4omm. 110H 2 W shb. Re $ 6ro(. 0+. :$ c%Es A # D"ct"on r' 9ourth E&"t"on ,( ge 280. !4T O9 /!N &ef"ne&@ E*er' m n of soun& m"n& n& &"scret"on "s boun& b' h"s o#n cts) n& the $ # &oes not (erm"t h"m to &o n' th"ng g "nst "tH n& $$ cts re construe& most strong$' g "nst h"m #ho &oes them. 6$o#&. 170. 2. ! m n "s not on$' boun& b' h"s o#n cts) but b' those of others #ho ct or re (resume& to ct b' h"s uthor"t') n& "s res(ons"b$e c"*"$$' "n $$ such c sesH n&) "n some c ses) e*en #hen there "s but (resum(t"on of uthor"t') he m ' be m &e res(ons"b$e cr"m"n $$'H for e< m($e) boo%se$$er m ' be "n&"cte& for (ub$"sh"ng $"be$ #h"ch h s been so$& "n h"s store) b' h"s regu$ r s $esmen) $though he m ' (oss"b$' h *e h & no %no#$e&ge of "t. ! A # D"ct"on r' !& (te& To The 4onst"tut"on n& A #s of the Un"te& St tes of !mer"c n& of the Se*er $ St tes of the !mer"c n Un"on b' =ohn :ou*"er Re*"se& S"<th E&"t"on) 18+6 !$$ s "& ccounts re 2Trust !ccounts3 cre te& for the 2:enef"c" r'.3 !44OUNT &ef"ne&@ (r ct"ce. ! st tement of the rece"(ts n& ( 'ments of n e<ecutor) &m"n"str tor) or other trustee) of the est te conf"&e& to h"m. 2. E*er' one #ho &m"n"sters the ff "rs of nother "s reFu"re&

t the en& of h"s &m"n"str t"on to ren&er n ccount of h"s m n gement of the s me. Trustees of e*er' &escr"(t"on c n) "n gener $) be com(e$$e& b' courts of ch ncer' to sett$e ccounts) or other#"se fu$$' e<ecute the"r trusts. Where there re no courts of ch ncer') the courts of common $ # re usu $$' "n*este& #"th (o#er for the s me (ur(oses b' cts of $eg"s$ t"on. When ( rt' h s h & the (ro(ert' of nother s h"s gent) he m ' be com(e$$e& t common $ # to ccount b' n ct"on of ccount ren&er. 1. !n ccount "s $so the st tement of t#o merch nts or others #ho h *e &e $t together) sho#"ng the &eb"ts n& cre&"ts bet#een them. ! A # D"ct"on r' !& (te& To The 4onst"tut"on n& A #s of the Un"te& St tes of !mer"c n& of the Se*er $ St tes of the !mer"c n Un"on b' =ohn :ou*"er Re*"se& S"<th E&"t"on) 18+6 Soverei#n $ein#s. I e<"st s so*ere"gn be"ng. /' uthor"t' for th"s contr ct "s the ge-o$&) t"me$ess) n& un"*ers $ res(ect for the "ntr"ns"c (o#er) (ro(ert') n& res(ons"b"$"t"es of so*ere"gn be"ngs. I choose to com($' #"th the (r"nc"( $s of mutu $ res(ect) #h"ch ser*e to br"ng h rmon' to soc"et'. I (ossess so*ere"gn "mmun"t' n& therefore m' (o#er to contr ct n& enforce contr cts "s un$"m"te& un$ess I "nfr"nge on the r"ghts of other so*ere"gn be"ngs. Soverei#n ation% I o(er te through genet"c ent"t' terme&@ JOH !OE cre te& out of m' "m ge #h"ch I g"*e $"fe) n& (o#er to. I ct "n the c ( c"t' of 2fore"gn n t"on3 #"thout sub?ects #ho ru$es utonomous$' n& "s not sub?ect to n' ent"t' or ?ur"s&"ct"on n'#here. I m :enef"c" r' of 4ESTUI JUE TRUST 2=O>N DOE)3 here"n fter 2:enef"c" r')3 of the fores "& 2(r"* te fore"gn cor(or t"ons) e<em(t from $e*' from n' ent"t'.

htt(@KK###.scr"b&.comK&ocK108801808KIn-Go&-We-Trust

S-ar putea să vă placă și