Direito Minerrio Brasileiro

Brazilian Mining Law

A atividade de minerao no Brasil se sujeita aos seguintes aspectos regulatrios:

Mining activity in Brazil is subject to the following regulations:

O Brasil possui uma das mais vastas reservas minerais do mundo, o que oferece aos empreendedores e investidores globais promissoras oportunidades de negcios. Nesse contexto, o escritrio William Freire Advogados Associados, especializado em Direito Minerrio e Direito Ambiental aplicado minerao, auxilia, h mais de 20 anos, empresas nacionais e estrangeiras a desenvolver a atividade mineral no pas. O escritrio presta assessoria jurdica em todas as fases dos empreendimentos minerrios desde a pesquisa mineral at o fechamento da mina. A excelncia de seus advogados permite oferecer qualidade e agilidade nas solues para as mais rgidas exigncias dos rgos reguladores, assegurando alto grau de ecincia na reduo de riscos ambientais. William Freire Advogados Associados conta ainda com o apoio de prossionais especializados em geologia, engenharia de minas e economia mineral, tornando-se capaz de atender, de forma global, s necessidades das empresas que assessora. A experincia e o constante aprimoramento de seus prossionais e de seus servios garantem que no apenas o escritrio, mas tambm seus clientes estejam sempre posicionados na vanguarda do desenvolvimento do setor mineral brasileiro.
Brazil has one of the largest mineral reserves in the world, presenting investors and entrepreneurs with a wide range of promising business opportunities. In such a scenario, William Freire Advogados, specialized in Mining Law and Environmental Law applied to mining, has, for over twenty years, offered unrivaled specialized legal assistance to national and international clients throughout the development of their mining activities in Brazil. Our rm offers legal assistance in all phases of the mining activity, from mineral exploration all the way through mine closure. Our lawyers expertise allows us to provide our clients with effective solutions to the most stringent demands made by the regulatory agencies, insuring a high degree of efciency in minimizing environmental risks. We also work alongside professionals specialized in geology, mine engineering, and mineral economy, thus enabling us to attend to our clients needs in a global manner. Our accumulated experience and our commitment to a constant enhancement of our services and employees guarantee that our rm, and our clients alike, will always be rmly positioned on the leading edge of the Brazilian mining industry.

1. Somente as empresas constitudas sob as leis brasileiras, que tenham sede e administrao no Brasil, podem minerar no pas. No h restrio de capital estrangeiro na composio societria, exceto na hiptese de minerao em rea de fronteira.
Only companies established under Brazilian law and which have their place of business and administration in Brazil are allowed to conduct mining activities. However, there is no restriction as to the amount of foreign investments in the composition of these companies, with the only exception of mining activities close to the borders.

2. Os recursos minerais, localizados no subsolo ou aorados, constituem propriedade distinta da do solo e pertencem Unio.
The mineral resources located both underground and outcropped constitute a different property from that of the land itself and belong to the Federal Government.

3. A pesquisa e a lavra dependem de prvio consentimento da Unio.

The prospection and mining activity depend on authorization by the Federal Government.

4. A Unio tem competncia legislativa exclusiva para legislar sobre jazidas, minas, outros recursos minerais e metalurgia.
The Federal Government has exclusive competence to legislate over the mineral deposits, mines, other mineral resources, and metallurgy.

5. A Constituio Federal garante ao minerador a propriedade do produto da lavra. Em contrapartida, o minerador paga a Compensao Financeira pela Explorao de Recursos Minerais CFEM. O valor da CFEM varia entre 0,2% a 3% do faturamento lquido obtido com o aproveitamento econmico do produto mineral.
The Constitution grants the miner the property of the mining products. The miner, however, has to pay the government the Financial Compensation for Mineral Exploitation CFEM. The CFEMs value varies between 0.2% and 3% over the net income obtained with the sale of the mineral goods.

6. A Constituio Federal assegura ao proprietrio da terra onde se localiza a mina uma participao no resultado da lavra no valor de 50% do total devido a ttulo de CFEM.
The Constitution grants the landowner participation in the exploitation results. Such a share is calculated as 50% of the amount paid as CFEM.

7. Aplica-se ao Requerimento de Pesquisa o Direito de Prioridade, que o direito obteno do Ttulo Minerrio por aquele que requerer, prioritariamente, rea livre.
The right to priority is inherent to the Exploration Application, and it grants the rst person who applies to explore a free area the right to request the Mining Lease.

13. Principais normas minerrias brasileiras: (a) Cdigo de Minerao Decreto-Lei 227, de 1967 (b) Regulamento do Cdigo de Minerao Decreto 62.934, 1968 (c) Cdigo de guas Minerais Decreto-Lei 7.841, de 1945
Main Brazilian Mining Laws: (a) Mining Code Executive Law 227, 1967 (b) Mining Code Statute - Decree 62.934, 1968 (c) Mineral Water Code - Executive Law 7.841, 1945

8. O Alvar de Pesquisa ser sempre por tempo determinado. A Portaria de Lavra vlida at a exausto da mina.
The Exploration Lease is always granted for a dened period of time, whereas the Mining Lease is granted until the exhaustion of the mineral resources in the area.

9. A cesso, arrendamento ou onerao de Direitos Minerrios dependem de prvio consentimento do Departamento Nacional de Produo Mineral DNPM, autarquia responsvel pela regulao da minerao no pas.
The assignment, leasing, and encumbrance of the Mining Rights depend on the consent of the National Department of Mineral Production DNPM, the Federal agency responsible for mining regulation in Brazil.

14. Principais normas ambientais brasileiras: (a) Lei 6.938, de 1981 Poltica Nacional do Meio Ambiente (b) Lei 4.771, de 1965 Cdigo Florestal (c) Lei 9.433, de 1997 Poltica Nacional de Recursos Hdricos (d) Lei 9.605, de 1998 Lei de Crimes Ambientais
Main Environmental Laws: (a) Law 6.938, 1981 - National Environmental Policy Law (b) Law 4.771, 1965 - Forestry Code (c) Law 9.433, 1997 - National Policy on Water Resources (d) Law 9.605, 1998 - Environmental Crimes Law

10. permitida a atividade mineral em terras pblicas ou privadas. O minerador poder constituir Servido Mineral em propriedade de terceiros para viabilizar ou aperfeioar as atividades de lavra, devendo indenizar o proprietrio pelos prejuzos da ocupao e danos causados.
The mineral activity is permitted on both private and public lands. The miner can establish Mining Easements on private properties in order to work the mine as long as the landowner receives compensation for damages caused by the occupation and exploitation.

11. A regra geral determina que as empresas s podem iniciar as atividades de lavra aps prvia obteno da Portaria de Lavra e da Licena Ambiental. Entretanto, em casos excepcionais, admitida a extrao de substncias minerais antes da Portaria de Lavra, com licenciamento ambiental especco.
The general rule determines that companies may only start mining after they have been granted the Mining Lease and obtained all environmental permits. In some cases, however, the exploitation of mineral substances prior to the granting of the Mining Lease is allowed, as long as the miner possesses a specic environmental permit.

12. O no cumprimento das obrigaes previstas no Cdigo de Minerao sujeita o minerador s sanes de advertncia, multa e caducidade do Ttulo Minerrio.
The inobservance of the regulations contained in the Brazilian Mining Code subjects the miner to the following penalties: formal warning, ne, and forfeiture of the mining rights.

Processo Administrativo Mineral no Brasil

Mining Administrative Proceeding in Brazil
REQUERIMENTO DE PESQUISA
EXPLORATION APPLICATION

ALVAR DE PESQUISA
EXPLORATION PERMIT

FASE DE PESQUISA
EXPLORATION RESEARCH PHASE

FINAL DA FASE DE PESQUISA

END OF EXPLORATION RESEARCH PHASE

RELATRIO FINAL DE PESQUISA

FINAL DETAILED EXPLORATION REPORT

APROVAO DO RELATRIO FINAL DE PESQUISA PLANO DE APROVEITAMENTO ECONMICO (PAE)

PLAN OF ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION DEVELOPMENT (PAE) FINAL DETAILED EXPLORATION REPORT APPROVAL

ESTUDO PRELIMINAR DE IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS (EIA/RIMA)

PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDY (EIA/RIMA)

LICENA AMBIENTAL DE INSTALAO (LI)

ENVIRONMENTAL INSTALLATION LICENSE/PERMIT (LO)

APROVAO DO PLANO DE APROVEITAMENTO ECONMICO

PLAN OF ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION DEVELOPMENT APPROVAL

REQUERIMENTO DE LAVRA
EXPLOITATION APPLICATION

LICENA AMBIENTAL PRELIMINAR (LP)

PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSE/PERMIT (LP)

FASE DE INSTALAO
INSTALLATION PHASE

LICENA AMBIENTAL DE OPERAO (LO) SERVIDO MINERAL

MINERAL EASEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING LICENSE (LO)

PORTARIA DE LAVRA
MINING LEASE

FASE DE LAVRA
EXPLOITATION DEVELOPMENT PHASE

EXAUSTO DA JAZIDA
EXHAUSTION OF MINERAL DEPOSIT

FECHAMENTO DA MINA
MINE CLOSURE

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