Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
03501322
Dr. Pulpong Pongvithayapanu (Ph.D, Civil Engineering) International Maritime College Kasetsart University, Si Racha campus
(Course Description)
Offshore oil and gas industry, environment and design criteria of foundation, fabrication and installation. Subsea pipeline. Statutory instrument and operations manuals.
Challenges of Offshore Geotechnical Engineering by Mark Randolph, Mark Cassidy, Susan Gourvenec. Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems, The University of Western Australia
Fixed platform
Semi-submersible
Offshore structures
Floating structures
Semisubmersible
FPSs, FPSOs
Jack-up
http://www.naturalgas.org/naturalgas/extraction_offshore.asp
Offshore Foundations
Anchoring system
Shallow foundations
Jacket Gravity based structure Tension Leg Platform (TLP) Anchoraged semi-submersible
Pile foundation
Shallow foundation
Spudcan
Dead load 1. Gravity (Mass of structure) Live load 1. Vibration 2. Barge 3. Erecting 4. Installation 5. Buoyancy Environmental load 1. Wind 2. Current wave 3. Seismic (Earthquake) 4. Ice
Pile Foundation
Pile
foundation
Piling for marine and offshore structures must be installed to develop the required capacities in bearing, uplift, and lateral resistance. For offshore bridge piers, minimization of settlements may also be criteria. Stiffness under lateral loads, as well as strength, and the ability to accept overloads in a ductile mode are also important characteristics.
Pile
foundation
1. For resisting axial compression, the pile transfers its load by skin friction along its outside perimeter and by end bearing on its tip, provided that the tip is either closed or plugged in such a way as not to yield in relation to the pile
2. For resisting axial tension, the deadweight of the pile, plus that of the internal plug of soil, plus the skin friction are available. 3. For resisting lateral loads, most offshore structures in deep water (over 3040 m) depend on the bending resistance of the pile interacting with the passive resistance of the soil in the near-surface stratum. The pile must have sufficient strength to resist the resultant moments and shears at these levels and to prevent biaxial buckling. The capacity to resist lateral loads can be improved by increasing the stiffness and moment capacity of the pile in the critical zone near and just below the mudline by grouting in an insert pile, by increasing the wall thickness of the steel pile through this zone, or by filling the pile with concrete in this region.
Pile
foundation
Axial Capacity
End bearing
Ground
Soft soil
Soft soil
Pile
foundation
In spite of significant advances in understanding the mechanisms that determine the eventual shaft friction and end-bearing capacity of different types of pile, design methods still rely heavily on empirical correlations. The most challenging aspect of offshore pile design is therefore the need to extrapolate design parameters from an experimental database that is largely limited to piles of less than 1 m in diameter, the majority of which are solid or closed ended piles, often installed by jacking. This compares to modern offshore piles with diameters often in excess of 2 m, with relatively low displacement ratios and invariably installed by dynamic driving. Increasingly, the cone resistance is used as the primary measure of the soil strength from which pile design parameters may then be deduced; unlike in onshore design, standard penetration test data are thankfully avoided! For sands, design parameters can be expressed directly in terms of the cone resistance, while for fine-grained sediments parameters are based either on the undrained shear strength or the in situ vertical effective stress together with an overconsolidation (or yield stress) ratio.
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Low frequency, high amplitude give low resolution into the earth High frequency, low amplitude give high resolution in the shallow depth
Soil strata
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Boring log
Pile
foundation
Boring log
Pile
foundation
(a) (d) Cohesive soil (Clay) (e) (f) Silt, clayey sand (g) (h) (Dense, loose) sand
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Siliceous =
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Typical soil constituents for carbonate soil Typical soil constituents for clay Typical soil constituents for sand
(offshore)
onshore
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Carbonate deposit in deep water
Deposit are sand from lime stone rock Oolitic sand deposit near shoreline (shallow than 15 to 20 m)
Carbonate muds deposit in calm seas (deep water)
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
(Rocks)
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Qp1
Pile
foundation Lateral load
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
annular = ring-shape
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
W W
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
Pile
foundation
-30 m.
Pile
foundation
-30 m.
Pile
foundation
-135 m.
Skirt pile with free-riding underwater hammer
Pile
foundation
SLEEVE
Pile
foundation
Barge = F
Pile
foundation
Shallow
Foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Shallow
foundation
Spudcan
Spudcan
Spudcan
Spudcan
Spigot =
Spudcan
Ballast =
Spudcan
Spudcan
Spudcan
Spudcan
Spudcan
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
Footprint =
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
taut = encroach =
Anchoring system
shank = F
, fluke = F
Anchoring system
Anchoring system
North sea
End of presentation