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y2
a 1−
σ = −q 1 a2
4π y 2 + a 2 − 2ay cos γ 3/2
Note
y2
q induced = a 2 ∫ σdΩ = −q 1 a 2 2πa 1 − 2 ∫ −1
1
dx , where x = cos γ
4π 3/2
a y 2 + a 2 − 2ayx
q 2
q induced = − aa 2 − y 2 = −q
2 aa 2 − y 2
c)
qq ′ 1 q 2 ay
|F| = = , the force is attractive, to the right.
4π 0 y ′ − y 2 4π 0 a 2 − y 2
d) If the conductor were fixed at a different potential, or equivalently if extra charge were put on
the conductor, then the potential would be
q q′
φx⃗ = 1 + +V
4π 0 |x⃗ − ⃗y| |x⃗ − ⃗y′ |
and obviously the electric field in the sphere and induced charge on the inside of the sphere would
remain unchanged.