No.

DATE

REVISION SHEET NO. ISSUE DATE:

REV.

Citgo Petroleum Corporation 135th Street & New Avenue Lemont, IL 60439

MANUFACTURER: P.O. No.:

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

ISSUED:

CHECK:

Installation notes: 1. Orifice dia. As specified to suit required conditions. 2. Gaskets furnished by vendor.

MATERIAL: Monel
REV. QTY. TAG. NO. PIPE SIZE (IN.) SCH. ORIFICE (IN.) FLOW QUANTITY (SCFH) UPSTREAM PRESSURE (PSIG) 60 DP (PSI) M S W G a TEMP. (F) FLANGE RATING ITEM SERVICE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

20FO-057

###

80

0.084

250

57

17.00

100

300

Pilot gas to acid relief header.

1. The actual flow of 20FO-057 is about 110 SCFH for a bore diameter of 0.084.

1 of 24

204569257.xls.ms_office/Current Flange Spec Sheet_Monel

No. DATE

REVISION SHEET NO. REV. ISSUE DATE:

Citgo Petroleum Corporation 135th Street & New Avenue Lemont, IL 60439

MANUFACTURER: P.O. No.:

Union Restrictive Orifices

ISSUED:

CHECK:

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

MATERIAL: 316SS
ITEM REV. QTY. TAG. NO.

Installation notes: 1. Unless otherwise specified, the only markings on the orifice tab shall be the orfice diameter indicated by a decimal fraction as shown on the drawing with 1/16-in. figure stamping hand dies. 2. Where lines are to be insulated, the insulated material covering the union shall be applied in such a manner that the markings on the tab will be fully exposed. 3. No asbestos-bearing material is acceptable; vendor to provide TFE gaskets.
UPSTREAM PRESSURE (PSIG) 60

PIPE SIZE (IN.)

SCH.

ORIFICE (IN.)

FLOW QUANTITY (SCFH)

DP (PSI)

M S W G a 0.586

TEMP. (F)

FLANGE RATING

SERVICE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

20FO-184

1-1/2 80

0.285

57

100

3000

Acid pump vent header purge.

1. Item 1 is made of monel.

2 of 24

204569257.xls.ms_office/Current Union Spec Sheet

No. DATE

REVISION SHEET NO. REV. ISSUE DATE:

Citgo Petroleum Corporation 135th Street & New Avenue Lemont, IL 60439

MANUFACTURER: P.O. No.:

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ISSUED:

CHECK:

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

Installation notes: 1. Orifice dia. As specified to suit required conditions. 2. Gaskets furnished by vendor.

MATERIAL: 316SS
REV. QTY. TAG. NO. PIPE SIZE (IN.) SCH. ORIFICE (IN.) FLOW QUANTITY (SCFH) UPSTREAM PRESSURE (PSIG) 60 DP (PSI) M S W G 55 a TEMP. (F) FLANGE RATING ITEM SERVICE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

20FO-175

###

80

0.135

17.00

100

150

Pilot gas to 20F-527.

3 of 24

204569257.xls.ms_office/Current Flange Spec Sh_SS

No. DATE

REVISION SHEET NO. REV. ISSUE DATE:

Citgo Petroleum Corporation 135th Street & New Avenue Lemont, IL 60439

MANUFACTURER: P.O. No.:

Union Restrictive Orifices

ISSUED:

CHECK:

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

MATERIAL: 316SS
ITEM REV. QTY. TAG. NO.

Installation notes: 1. Unless otherwise specified, the only markings on the orifice tab shall be the orfice diameter indicated by a decimal fraction as shown on the drawing with 1/16-in. figure stamping hand dies. 2. Where lines are to be insulated, the insulated material covering the union shall be applied in such a manner that the markings on the tab will be fully exposed. 3. No asbestos-bearing material is acceptable; vendor to provide TFE gaskets.
UPSTREAM PRESSURE (PSIG)

PIPE SIZE (IN.)

SCH.

ORIFICE (IN.)

FLOW QUANTITY (SCFH)

DP (PSI)

M S W G a

TEMP. (F)

FLANGE RATING

SERVICE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

###

80

100

4 of 24

204569257.xls.ms_office/New Union Spec Sheet

Yellow is an input cell: P1: 60 psig

Green is a calculation: W= 11.12 PPH

Underline is value actually used: Green in grey is a look-up value: 0.603 tp = 2.50 0.607 White in black is a final answer: D2 = 0.106 in. Important reference information about a cell is in violet: From Fluor table Cell for iteration with goal seek: [1st Cell] 4.87 Target (To) cell for goal seek: [2nd Cell] 4.93 Changing cell for goal seek: [3rd Cell] 0.084

ell for goal seek:

No. DATE

REVISION SHEET NO. REV. ISSUE DATE:

Citgo Petroleum Corporation 135th Street & New Avenue Lemont, IL 60439

MANUFACTURER: P.O. No.:

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ISSUED:

CHECK:

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

Installation notes: 1. Orifice dia. As specified to suit required conditions. 2. Gaskets furnished by vendor.

MATERIAL: 316SS
REV. QTY. TAG. NO. PIPE SIZE (IN.) SCH. ORIFICE (IN.) FLOW QUANTITY (SCFH) UPSTREAM PRESSURE (PSIG) DP (PSI) M S W G a TEMP. (F) FLANGE RATING ITEM SERVICE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

###

80

100

7 of 24

204569257.xls.ms_office/New Flange Spec Sheet_SS

No. DATE

REVISION SHEET NO. ISSUE DATE:

REV.

Citgo Petroleum Corporation 135th Street & New Avenue Lemont, IL 60439

MANUFACTURER: P.O. No.:

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

ISSUED:

CHECK:

Installation notes: 1. Orifice dia. As specified to suit required conditions. 2. Gaskets furnished by vendor.

MATERIAL: Monel
REV. QTY. TAG. NO. PIPE SIZE (IN.) SCH. ORIFICE (IN.) FLOW QUANTITY (SCFH) UPSTREAM PRESSURE (PSIG) DP (PSI) M S W G a TEMP. (F) FLANGE RATING ITEM SERVICE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

###

80

100

8 of 24

204569257.xls.ms_office/New Flange Spec Sheet_Monel

Caution: this sheet calculates properties based on yellow-highlighted cells. The viscosities will change and pressure and temperature, however, the NIST values for pure components will change so if T or P change NIST. Gas Properties Vc, cm3/molProperties using coresponding states y Tc, K Pc, atm 1 Zc w Hydrogen 0 33.20 12.80 65.00 0.31 -0.22 Methane 0.94 190.60 45.40 99.00 0.29 0.01 Ethane 0.05 305.40 48.17 148.00 0.29 0.10 Propane 0.01 369.80 41.95 203.00 0.28 0.15 Propylene 0 365.00 45.60 181.00 0.28 0.15 Butane Average, Mixture: 1.0000 198.13 45.65 102.49 0.29 0.01 k=

R, atm-cm^3/(K-gmole): Temperature, F: Pressure, psig.: Viscosity, cP:

Methane Ethane Propane Propylene Butane

8.21E+01 100 311 90 Use initial (1) properties. From VISC Sheet - manual entry-- use NIST website for 0.01151 individual m , then use Wilke's method in spreadsheet to calculate mixture m . m, cP @ 78 psig m, cP @ 90 psig 100 120 100 120 0.011661 0.012008 0.011659 0.012006 0.00986 0.010179 0.009882 0.010201 0.00853 0.008836 0.008547 0.008853 0.009013 0.009347 0.009039 0.009372 0.009254 0.012779

scosities will change and are a function of ange so if T or P change update with Cpo, cal/gmolK 6.91 8.66 12.98 18.30 15.78 8.98 1.28

M 2.02 16.04 30.07 44.10 42.08 17.02

m, cP 0.00919 0.01167 0.00988 0.00855 0.00904

use NIST website for hod in spreadsheet to

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 1

Thin plate orifice Low-Moderate DP

Rough method provided originally in an article in Chemical Engineering magazine tb/bore diameter = 0.93 P2/P1 = 0.05 Thin plate, no choked flow. Calculation not applicable: refer to Kirk-Cunningham method.

D1:

P1: D2: P2:

D =

7 X 8

Qg/SQRT( DP(P1 +P2)/(2SgT1) 5440

1/5 X (tp/0.125)

Method assumes, implicitly, that gas is ideal gas mixture or perfect gas. Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore diameter must be < 6. (Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996. Page 13-22 refers to the work of Cunningham (1951) and Ward-Smith (1979). Kirk-Cunningham applies when P2<0.63P1. Cunningham showed that choked flow (critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does not occur for thin orifice plates.

D, inches; Qg, gas flow in SCFH (60 F, 1 atm); DP, P1, P2, psia; Sg = Mg/Mair T1, R; tp, plate thickness. Qg: DP = P1: P2: Mw: Sg = T: Plate Rate tp = Z: D1, nom: 250 57.00 60 3 17 0.59 100 300 2.50 1.00 2.00 SCFH @ 60 F, 1 atm psig psi Complete Property Sheet Tr = 2.51 from sheet Pr = 0.11
Using initial properties @ P1, T1

Line Size 0.5 0.75 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24

tp,mm 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 2.5 3 3 3 6 6 6 9 9 12 12 16

manual allowed deg. F k = 1.28 300, 600# ANSI mm From Fluor table 0.98 Calculated using virial equations in. Sch.: 80 0.749 0.433 0.135 -0.014 psig Test: OK Saturated Area Pr/Tr = 0.044 Abbott Equations are acceptable Z = 1.00

Using table from Fluor specification: "Flange Type Restrictive Orifice"

Sat. Curve Test: Hot Gas Test: B1 = B0 = Pcf = 40.98

Choked Flow - for thick plate

D2 =

0.106 in.

Beta =

0.055

11 of 24

Lemont, Illinois

204569257.xls.ms_office/RO1

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 2

Thick plate orifice or flow nozzle, Choked Flow psig

tb/db = 7.41 Thick plate method applies: choked flow. Min. Pressure is: 40.98 Choked Flow: eq. 4-40, pg. 100, Daniel Crowl, Joseph Louvar, "Chemical Process Safety Fundamentals with Applications, Prentice-Hall, 1990. P1:
W Co P1 k gc M RT1 X
2 k+1 4-40 Crowl & Louvar assume a thick orifice plate, or flow nozzle, not a thin plate.

A =

(k+1)/(k-1)

Also found in Perry's 6th edition of "Chemical Engineering Handbook," pg. 5-14, equation 5.27. Assumes Beta < 0.2. (Ideal gas also assumed and implicite in solution using isentropic expansion).

A: throat cross-sectional area, sq. ft; W: #/s; Co = 0.72; P1: inlet pressure, psf; gc = 32.174 T1: inlet temperature, F; R = 1545.3 ft-#f/#mole-R. This sheet is most useful in estimating flow from nozzles and holes in vessels or Qg: W= r= D1: P1: Mw: T: A= D= Beta = tp = 250 11.22 0.04 1.939 60 17.02 100 0.004 0.067 0.0348 0.50 SCFH @ 60 F, 1 atm PPH lbs./cf in. psig Property Sheet Pcf = 40.98 deg. F sq. in. in. in. Complete Property Sheet Tr = 2.51 Pr = 0.11 Sat. Curve Test: Hot Gas Test: Test: B1 = B0 = Pr/Tr = psig Choked Flow St. T = Co: 60 14.696 0.72 F psia Crowl/Louvar recommends 1.0 for Co with sharp-edged orifices with Re 1 >30,000; seldom does this occur. Property Sheet

k = 1.28 exp. = 8.03

Using initial properties @ P1, T1 0.749 0.433 OK 0.135 -0.014 0.044 Below: use charts Saturated Area Abbott Equations are acceptable

12 of 24

Lemont, Illinois

204569257.xls.ms_office/RO2

Z = 1.00

13 of 24

Lemont, Illinois

204569257.xls.ms_office/RO2

1/16/2014

Calculation for North American Mfg. Co. Combustion Air FE

ORIFICE DATA SHEET

Type of Orifice Plate: Drain Hole (for Condensate):
MAXIMUM (URV-Ranged) DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE MAXIMUM FLOW RATE REQUIRED = =

DP (Required ) AT REQUIRED MAX. FLOW RATE = CALCULATED MAXIMUM FLOW RATE (At URV) = PERMANENT PRESSURE LOSS AT MAX. RATE (At URV) = ORIFICE INLET MAX. CALC. REYNOLDS NUMBER = NOMINAL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE NOMINAL FLOW RATE MINIMUM DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE MINIMUM (Practical) FLOW RATE = = = = =

Standard None 40 10,000 131,510 29.78 11,589 152,400 1.35 37.53 1,050,626 7.45 5,000 65,750 0.30 1,000 13,150 10,000

IWC PPH SCFH IWC PPH SCFH PSIG IWC

Pipe Diameter?

Y-Equation? hw-O.K. Turndown O.K. Y-O.K.

0.895

IWC PPH SCFH IWC PPH SCFH

Orifice Re? Re--tubulent--O.K. Safe Min. Rate? Min.---O.K. Mach No. OK? Gas Orifice velocity is O.K. Change in Physical Properties? Change in properties --O.K

MINIMUM ORIFICE INLET REYNOLDS NUMBER FLUID: INITIAL GAS TEMPERATURE INITIAL GAS PRESSURE GAS SPECIFIC HEAT RATIO, k, GAS VISCOSITY @ FLOW CONDITIONS BASE TEMPERATURE BASE PRESSURE BASE COMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR, Z, NOMINAL PIPE DIAMETER, INCHES PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER, INCHES = = = = = = = = =

GAS COMPRESSIBILITY COEFFICIENT, Z, =

70 F 30 psig 1.000 1.39817842 0.01634555 cP 60 F 14.696 psig 1.000 24" CS Pipe 23.5 Inches 4.262225274 Inches 0.1814 SS 0.0000097 1/F 0.0000089 1/F -0.94% -4.9 0.126

FLANGE ORIFICE DIAMETER, do, INCHES , = ORIFICE BETA PLATE MATERIAL PLATE BASE THERMAL EXPANSION PLATE THERMAL EXPANSION CHANGE IN GAS DENSITY OVER PLATE CHANGE IN GAS TEMPERATURE = = = = = =

DISCHARGE MACH NO., M=1 IS CRITICAL, =

For Maximum Flow Calculation

C' (PPH) = 274.091 Ftb = 1.003 Fm = 1.000 Fa = 1.000 Flowing conditions were used to calculate the discharge rate of the orifice. K= C' (SCFH) = FG = FTf = 0.5972 3604.474 0.99857 0.9896 Y1 = Fpv = FPb = Fl = 0.9905 1.0000 1.0000 0.9998

D. Willard

International Steel Services, Inc.

204569257.xls.ms_office

This method is more general.

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 3

Crane TP 410, "Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe," 23rd printing. P2/P1 = 0.016667

Thin plate orifice All flow conditions tb/bore diameter = 0.67 Thin plate, no choked flow.

ASME calculation not practical --- P2/P1 too low ---Kirk-Cunningham method.

D1:

P1: Do: P2:

2 DP r W = 1891 Y C d 0 Equation 2-24, Crane TP 410,

Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore diameter must be < 6. (Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996. Page 13-22 refers to the work of Cunningham (1951) and Ward-Smith (1979). In 2005, Kirk explored the limits of Cunningham's work. He found that ASME formulas worked fine with adjustment of Y; C could be defined using ASME and other methods. Kirk-Cunningham applies when P2<0.63P1. Cunningham showed that choked flow (critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does not occur for thin orifice plates.

W: lbs./hr; Y: dimensionless; C: 1/ft; do: inches; DP: psi; r: #mass/cf Standard Conditions: P, psia = 14.696 T, F = 60 Complete Property Sheet Qg: 86 r, #/cf = 0.06 DP = 59.00 P1: 60 P2: 1 Mw: 24 r, #/cf = 0.01 T: 120 Plate Rate 300 tp = 1.50 Z: D1, nom: 0.75 mg, cP= 0.01151 DPp = 56 SCFH
@ 14.696 psia & 1 atm.

Flange taps Y= 0.72 Kirk-Cunningham k= 1.28 C, ft-1 = 0.607 0.607 0.607 ASME, Crane 410 Cunningham manual allowed

Tr = 1.43 Pr = 0.11
Using initial properties @ P1, T1

from sheet

psig psi

manual allowed deg. F 300, 600# ANSI mm From Fluor table 0.99 manual allowed in. manual allowed psig PPH PPH psig Wcalc = 5.47 PPH

Sat. Curve Test: 0.749 Test: Hot Gas Test: 0.433 OK Pr/Tr = 0.078 Saturated B1 = 0.100 Area B0 = -0.156 Abbott Equations are acceptable Z = 0.99

Sch.: Re1 =

160 4,874

Wd = 5.44 Match Qg: 4.93 Pcf = 40.98

Problem solved with goal seek 0.088 in. Beta = 0.144

Choked Flow - for thick plate

Do =

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Lemont, Illinois

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This method is more general.

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 4

Crane TP 410, "Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe," 23rd printing. P2/P1 = 0.033333

Thin plate orifice All flow conditions tb/bore diameter = Thin plate, no choked flow.
ASME calculation not practical --- P2/P1 too low ---Kirk-Cunningham method.

P1: D1:

P2: Do: P2:

W =

338.178 rb K d2 Y1 FPb FTb FTf1 FPvGr FGr

Dh Pf1

Adapted from equation 9.68, "The AGA equation," in Richard Miller's Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook, 3rd ed., McGraw Hill , CR 1996 (This equation was adapted originally from equation 2-24, Crane TP 410.)

Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore diameter must be < 6. (Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996. Page 13 refers to the work of Cunningham (1951) and Ward-Smith (1979). In 2005, Kirk explored the limits of Cunningham's work. He found that ASME formulas worked fine with adjustment of Y; C could be defined using ASME and other methods. Kirk-Cunningham applies when P2<0.63P1. Cunningham showed that choked flow (critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does not occur for thin orifice plates.

Complete Property Sheet W: lbs./hr; Y: dimensionless; C: 1/ft; do: inches; DP: psi; r: #mass/cf Standard Conditions: P, psia = 14.696 T, F = 60
Choose Cunningham ( 1 ),Miller ( 2 ), or Fluor ( 3 ) for Y1:

For (b): 1
Cunningham

Estimated Compressibility Factor (Z) for Base and Inlet Conditions Trb = 1.46 Sat. Curve Test: 0.714 Test: Prb = 0.04 Zb = 0.980 0.980 Hot Gas Test: 0.400 OK Pr/Tr = 0.030 Saturated Area B1 = 0.104 B0 = -0.148 Abbott Equations are acceptable Zf = 0.980 Sat. Curve Test= 0.772 Hot Gas Test= 0.455 Test: OK

Qg: rb, #/cf = DP = P1: P2: Mw: r1, #/cf =

250 0.05 87.0 90 3 17 0.02

SCFH

Flange taps Y1 = 0.66 k= 1.28 0.595 0.607

Cunningham recommended

OK

manual ASME, Crane 410 Cunningham manual allowed

psig psi

C, ft-1 =

For (1):

manual allowed deg. F 300, 600# ANSI mm From Fluor table manual allowed in. manual allowed psig PPH PPH psig Wcalc = Qcalc = 11.31 247 PPH SCFH Do = Problem solved with goal seek 0.054 in.

Tr1 = 1.57 Pr1 = 0.16

T: 100 Plate Rate 300 tp = 2.50 Z1: 0.991 D1, nom: 2.00 mg, cP= 0.01151 DPp = 86

Sch.: Re1 =

80 3,233

Pr/Tr = 0.100 Saturated Area B1 = 0.113 B0 = -0.122 Abbott Equations are acceptable Zf = 0.991

Wd = 11.43 Match Qg: Pcf = 57.43

Choked Flow - for thick plate

Beta =

0.028

16 of 24

Lemont, Illinois

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This method is more general.

Thin plate orifice All flow conditions 1.82 Thin plate, no choked flow.
ASME calculation not practical --- P2/P1 too low ---Kirk-Cunningham method.
Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore diameter must be < 6. (Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996. Page 13 -22 Smith (1979). In 2005, Kirk explored the limits of Cunningham's work. He found that ASME formulas worked fine with adjustment of Y; C could be defined using ASME and other
. Cunningham showed that choked flow (critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does

Estimated Compressibility Factor (Z) for Base and Inlet Conditions

Saturated Area

Abbott Equations are acceptable

Saturated Area Abbott Equations are acceptable

17 of 24

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VISC

GAS
This sheet talks with the Properties Sheet. Enter values in "Yellow." Temperature 38

MIXTURE

VISCOSITY

Manual input values are in "Green."

100 F

Calculated values in "Light Green".

Program assumes that gases are perfect and form an ideal vapor solution. Program will deviate slightly for high pressure (>150 psig & presence of wet gas. Wilke method shows some deviations where molecular weights are significantly different, i.e., Mi>>Mj.
Wilke Gas Mixture Viscosity Calculation for Ideal Gases or Real Gases @ Low-Moderate Pressures hi F i1 F i2 F i3 F i4 F i5 F i6 F i7 M

Component
Hydrogen Methane Ethane Propane Propylene Gas 6 Gas 7 Gas 8 Gas 9 Gas 10

yi 0.00 0.94 0.05 0.01 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00

Man Manual hi

F i8
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

F i9
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

F i10
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Sum F ij 0.000 1.033 0.689 0.524 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 mm =

Sum yihi 0.000 0.011 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

0.009189 0.011672 0.009882 0.008547 0.009039 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

0.0117 0.0099 0.0085 -

2.02 16.04 30.07 44.10 42.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.506 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 1.000 0.665 0.506 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 1.473 1.000 0.766 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 1.899 1.300 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Total

0.0115

Gas AlCl2 AlCl3 Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide Chlorine Hydrogen Sulfide Nitrogen Oxygen HCl Sulfur Dioxide TiCl4 Water

m = a + b(T) + c(T) +d(T) a b -0.0006 0.00187 0.00628 0.00215 ####### 0.00344 0.00624 0.00177 ####### 0.0071 -0.001

c -7.11E-10 -1.27E-09 -1.70E-09 2.33E-09 -3.40E-10 7.15E-09 -2.71E-09 3.95E-09 -1.44E-09 1.16E-08 -3.84E-09

1.365E-05 2.39E-05 2.16E-05 2.014E-05 2.40E-05 4.28E-05 2.59E-05 2.26E-05 2.12E-05 0.000073 1.97E-05

Mwt. 97.89 133.34 44.009 28.01 70.9 33.068 28.013 31.998 36.461 64.058 189.69 18.015

Cp = a + b(T) + c(T) + d(T) + e(T) + f(T) a b c d e f 9.04015 8.68E-03 ####### 1.72E-09 ####### 0 12.25740 2.40E-02 ####### 4.81E-08 ####### 5.57E-15 6.21415 5.12E-03 ####### 0 0 0 6.42043 8.88E-04 ####### 0 0 0 6.02127 6.56E-03 ####### 3.01E-09 0.00000 0 6.66150 2.85E-03 ####### 0 0 0 6.89500 7.62E-04 ####### 0 0 0 6.44284 1.25E-03 ####### 0 0 0 6.51457 ####### 0 0 0 0 7.11595 5.93E-03 1.08E-06 0 0 0 13.31361 2.92E-02 ####### 1.32E-08 ####### 2.62E-16 7.08976 1.55E-03 0 0 0 0 Cp = a + b(T) + c(T)2 + d(T)3 + e(T)4 + f(T)5 a b c d e #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

Information Alligned for MBAL & VISC for auto entries. a(m) b (m) c (m) MAT-MATRIX #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

Mwt #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

f #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

D. Willard 1/16/2014

Plant I

RELSIZE.XLS(VISC)

b .v.s. Q for sq.-edged orifice plates

0.120 0.110 0.100 0.090 0.080 b , (bore dia./pipe ID) 0.070 0.060 0.050 0.040 0.030
k = 1.2; M = 30

T1 = 100oF, DP = 87 psig, P1 = 90 psig, Using Cunningham calculation for Y1, as yielding the highest Q. The pressure drop is not "hw;" the drop is the permanent pressure loss.

0.020 0.010 0.000 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 W = Q(PM/RT) = QM/408.67 PPH: pounds per hour Q = W(408.66/M)

k=1.3; M = 17 k = 1.4; M = 2

3,000

3,500

Q, SCFH (60 F, 14.7 psia)

T1 = 100oF, DP = 87 psig, P1 = 90 psig, Using Cunningham ko 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 Q, SCFH 50 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 50 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 50 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 b, 2" 0.0144 0.0322 0.0455 0.0643 0.0788 0.0910 0.1114 0.1298 0.1451 0.0126 0.0281 0.0397 0.0561 0.0688 0.0794 0.0973 0.1317 0.1472 0.0072 0.0163 0.0230 0.0325 0.0398 0.0460 0.0563 0.0660 0.0737 b, 1" 0.0144 0.0322 0.0455 0.0643 0.0788 0.0910 0.1114 0.1298 0.1451 0.0126 0.0281 0.0397 0.0561 0.0688 0.0794 0.0973 0.1317 0.1472 0.0072 0.0163 0.0230 0.0325 0.0398 0.0460 0.0563 0.0660 0.0737 M 30

17 0.0279