Transportation The main objective of the France-Vaud-Geneva agglomeration is reinforcing sustainable development in the cooperation area, especially via

economic competitiveness, coordinated development of the area and the public transportation offer, and the conservation of the environment and life quality. Thus goals are social, political, economical and environmental. The stages of this CBC are facilitation, information, consultation, cooperation, harmonization and integration in some parts e.g. public transportation.The areas of interest or goals are to improve transportation, housing, jobs, urban development and environmental protection, agriculture, health system. However the major focus for the agglomeration project is on the coordination and the future development of urbanization and transportation infrastructures. Main tasks are to improve the infrastructure and the public transportation across the border for especially daily commuters (72% of border crossings during the week are related to work/training and business trips). The cooperation in the transportation field is financially supported through a federal infrastructure fund and the INTERREG programme as a Franco-Swiss cooperation area. The EU is funding this cross-border cooperation through the ERDF with 55 million Euros and the Swiss confederations New Regional Policy (NRP) is supporting with 6 million Euros. Additionally it is also supported by the Rhone-Alpes Region (France). The level of integration The first step in order to create a cross border cooperation in the transport sector was the establishment of the Charter for the Development of Regional Public Transport (DRPT) in 2003 (*, one star ,because the cooperation in the transport fiels was certified by a formal form of cross border cooperation, an agreement).

The Charters main task is to develop the infrastructure on a metropolitan area scale and manage the cross-border public transportation which is also linked to the creation of a Local Cross-Border Cooperation Group (LCBCG). The Charter for the Development of Regional Public Transport states the first strategic schedule for the development of Public Transport on a metropolitan area scale, it promote the conurbations railway link: relaunch of the CEVA (Cornavin -Eaux-VivesAnnemasse) railway link project. In order to implement this project (the costruction of 60 km of railway between Switzerland and France) the agglomeration has lobby the French and Swiss authorities - Federal Office of Transports (OFT) of Switzerland and General Direction of Infrastructure, Tansport and See of France (**, two stars, because the agglomeration has conducted lobby activities in order to realize its objectives). The rail link will serve as an alternative for usage of private cars, as it will providing a fast and reliable mode of transport connecting Geneva with the whole region. CEVA is an important goal because the rail link will strengthen the relationship between France and Switzerland from both economic and social perspective. The CEVA railway line project was planned more than 150 years ago, but could not be realised because of several disputes and controversies. The project finally got approval in 2008, but the start of construction was delayed due to opposition from the community inthe vicinity of the rail line. They argued that the construction will gravely impact residential homes. The construction of the railway line started in november 2011 and it reprezent a great succes for the France-Vaud-Geneva cooperation. Till now 16 km of CEVAs railway were finished. (***, three stars, because the agglomeration has managed to put in practice its plans). The members of the agglomeration board have continued the lobbying activities and the meetings with the authorities and in february 2013 they have established a new bilateral convention between France and Swiss regarding the construction of a railway between the Eaux-Vives (Switzerland) to

Annemasse (France). This convention establishes the rols of the the two states regarding the planification, implementation, construction and exploatation of the railway. Apart from the big project CEVA the cross border cooperation has also carried out anothers projects in the public transportation field like: the railway route 14 (CornavinOnexBernex, 2011), the railway route 18 (Cornavin-MeyrinCERN , 2011). Another objective of the France-Vaud-Geneva agglomeration is reprezented by the modal shift objective in favour of Public Transport and soft mobility (the town "on foot and by bike") in order to protect the environment. They have finished in 2012 a new runway for bicyclist and pedestrians in Geneva. The strategy for the 2011-2014 period in the transportation field 2011-2014: Almost 60 mobility measures for an investment of 500million CHF The main Public Transport measures: - CEVA interfaces (intermodal connections on the CEVA railway line) - Tram extensions: - Extension of the tram to Bernex (92 million CHF, 58 million ) - Extension of the tram between the CERN (European Organisation for Nuclear Research) and Saint-Genis-Pouilly (126 million CHF, 83 million ) - Extension of the tram between Mollesullaz and Annemasse: Extension of the route and therefore modification in cost (130 million CHF, 86 million ) - An investment of almost 65 million CHF in soft mobility (the town "on foot and by bike

Regarding the representativity scale in the transportation field in the France-VaudGeneva agglomeration we have observed that the the most important is the national scale, although all the three types of reprezentativity (local, regional, national) are involved. The Council of Geneva which in involved from the Swiss part, while France is represented by the Rseau Ferr de France. The cooperation in transportation field involves almost the entire studied region and it follow not only the development of infrastructure linkage between the two countries that are involved in the cooperation but also the increase of the transportation standards level in all the region which form the agglomeration. So the territory coverd by the the transportation policy is a large one.