A. Briefly explain on the current practice of solid waste collection system and disposal method. a.

Collection system Three types of solid waste collections are bulk solid waste, domestic solid waste and vegetative solid waste. Bulk solid waste is acceptable bulk waste items include furniture, mattresses and debris from residential remodeling and repair. Domestic waste is also known as "municipal solid waste" and domestic waste is waste that is generated as a result of the ordinary day-to-day use of a domestic premise. Next, vegetative waste is all yard waste, logs, tree limbs and brush must be placed in a separate pile from other bulk waste items. Clear bags containing grass clippings should be placed in the bulk waste item pile.

We did observation in Bandar Baru Selayang, which the contractor will collect all the bulk solid waste together with domestic solid waste. The heavy load which call as tailgate lorry normally have 1600 to 1800 kg during the collection of solid waste. If the main lorry have a technical problem, then the backup lorry will take place in that area.

Furthermore, at Bandar Baru Selayang they will collect the domestic solid waste 3 times a week and at the market area, they will collect it everyday since the quantity of the domestic solid waste is bigger while the flat or apartment area they will collect 6 times a week. Moreover, approximation of solid waste will be get from each house around 2.5kg for 5 family members.

During the operation to collect the solid waste, leachate will produce from the rubbish or trash. The stagnant water (leachate) will store at the lower part of the lorry and supposedly the leachate should be remove at the sanitary landfill. If the leachate spill along the road, the contractor should spray it to avoid the odor or else they will get compound RM 500.00. In addition, the bad effect if leachate spills in the river or sea, all the aquatic will die.

Next, at Bandar Baru Selayang the contractor will collect the rubbish in each houses. The residents must throw their solid waste into the dustbin that have been provided in the area. For instance, flat or apartment area they will provide the large dustbin call RORO size 660L 1100L. The rubbish will be throw at Bukit Tagar, Sungai Kertas and Kundang, Selangor. Bukit Tagar is for all types of solid waste whereas Sungai Kertas is for bulk solid waste. The solid waste will be weigh first before it being thrown.

b.

Disposal method

Sanitary landfill at Bukit Tagar, Sungai Kertas and Kundang have different types of solid waste. The solid waste will be weigh and it will be throw at the sanitary landfill. The solid waste which is carried from the residential area to the Bukit Tagar takes time about 3 hours. The process took from 6 a.m until 8 p.m. From 6 a.m they will collect all the solid waste at the specific area and at 12 p.m they will send it to Bukit Tagar. For second trip, they did the same step and the operation almost took one day to finish the trips by the contractor. The Bukit Tagar Sanitary Landfill (BTSL) is situated approximately 55km north of the Capital City of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. It is owned by the Malaysian Government under the Ministry of Housing and Local Government but constructed and operated by KUB-Berjaya Enviro Sdn Bhd (KBE) through a privatization agreement which gives the company rights to operate the landfill for 40 years. Thus, the landfill has an operation and management team of 45. It has a full range of trucks, compactors and earth moving plant. The site operation is headed by a landfill general manager assisted by operation managers, supervisors and workers. The landfill operates three shifts and seven days a week. The operation staff undergo rigorous training on operation, safety measures and emergency procedures. A dedicated team has been trained to operate the leachate treatment pant which runs 24 hours a day. BTSL has a total air space capacity of 120 million tonnes for the disposal of solid waste. This should make the landfill last well beyond the 40 years concession period. The current maximum daily MSW disposed at the landfill is approximately 1800 tonnes. This daily capacity will be expanded to 3000 tonnes when new transfer station are completed in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. Moreover, in general the process in which how they dispose the waste is they put the solid waste into the large hole which consist of plastic as base of the hole. The plastic is punched into small hole for the flow of leachate and air. The leachate will take place into the next process which is leachate treatment. The dispose waste is buried at the large hole layer by layer which is dispose waste and soil. A state-of-the-art leachate treatment plant (LTP) has been constructed to handle the leachate output from the landfill.

The plant is based on a combination of biological reaction and chemical dosing to achieve the required leachate treatment standards. BTSL also has an on-site leachate storage capacity of 120,000 cubic meters in 4 leachate holding ponds to attenuate peak flows during wet seasons and to provide storage when the leachate treatment plant requires downtime for maintenance. As part, of the conditions for maximum environmental protection, no treated effluent is allowed to be discharged directly into open watercourses in BTSL.

Diagram For Current Practice Of Solid Waste Collection System

Provided dustbin for residential area

Provided RORO for flat or apartment area.

The workers are collecting solid waste from housing area and flat/apartment area.

The domestic solid waste is then send to Bukit Tagar Sanitary Landfill

Diagram For Current Practice Of Disposal Method

Collected solid waste from residemtial area The domestic solid waste is send to Bukit Tagar Sanitary Landfill

Flexible Thin-Film The solid waste is weighed and being thrown away into the large hole

Leachate Treatment Plant

Leachate management and Storage system

Leachate is then collected and the process take place.

Leachate, before and after treatment

The improvements that need to be taken for solid waste collection system and disposal method towards environmental friendly. A) Collection System Before this, the contractor of the residential area at Bandar Baru Selayang collected waste three times a week. In our opinion, the contractor should collect the domestic solid waste more often in every week at residential area especially during celebrations. In addition, usually contractor take times to operate the process, so we suggest that they should collect all the solid waste at the area and place it in one place then they can take all the solid waste which have to be send to Bukit Tagar just in one trip. After all, it also can save cost and time taken to go to the Sanitary Landfill. Moreover, RORO should be provided at residential area as well besides at flat or apartment to make their job easier to collect all the solid waste just in one time. They should provide. Next, they also should make an automating collection which is automated and semiautomated collection vehicles to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Both vehicle types reduce labor demand and reduce the risk of worker injury.

B) Disposal System They send the solid waste to Bukit Tagar and dispose them by buried it in the soil layer by layer. The side effect of the solid waste to dispose in the soil may take a long time to dispose, hence to reduce the time taken for the solid waste to dispose we also should make it as a fertilizer or recycle the solid waste. Furthermore, the fertilizer can also be sell to increase an income. Moreover, if the solid waste keep buried in the soil, and as the soil has been disposed the abandoned land will take place for housing area. Truth to be told, the land is not satisfy or suitable to build any building because it may not long lasting for people to stay longer.