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Plumbing
International Code Council (ICC) published first International Plumbing Code (IPC) in 1997 and International Mechanical Codes in 1998.
Codes specify in great detail how plumbing or mechanical systems should be designed Plumbing codes specify number of sanitary fixtures required based on type of occupancy
Plumbing Symbols
Symbols are used throughout construction industry to illustrate typical devices, equipment, fixtures, piping systems, and other related items.
Many projects require engineers and architects to create non-typical symbols relating to job conditions.
Plumbing Symbols
Common symbol knowledge is essential in reading blueprints regardless of the type of construction.
Symbols are fairly typical, but each architect may have varying styles.
Riser Diagrams
Riser Diagrams
90-Degree Offsets
90-degree offset is one of the most common offset fittings. Basic symbol with unique variations is used to illustrate position of 90-degree offset that turns up and turns down.
90-Degree Offsets
Circle indicates pipe that is either facing up, down, toward you, or away from you. If line that represents pipe is connected to circle, that symbol indicates 90-degree is facing toward you or 90-degree down.
90-Degree Offsets
90-Degree Offsets
45-Degree Offsets
45-degree offset is useful to plumber in many piping situations on jobsite. 45-degree offset symbols indicate three different piping configurations.
45-degree up symbol has full circle. 45-degree down has line representing connecting pipe penetrating circle. Inline 45-degree offset in piping system is common to offset over or under another pipe or building structure.
45-Degree Offsets
45-Degree Offsets
45-Degree Offsets
Tees
Tees have three connecting pipes and are illustrated similarly to 90-degree offset.
Full circle with no line penetrating through circle indicates tee is turning up on plan view.
Continuous line through circle indicates tee is turning down on plan view.
Tees
Tees
P-Trap
Plan view symbol for p-trap is combination of 90-degree up and 90-degree down symbols.
P-Trap
P-Trap
Piping
Common systems are cold water, hot water, hot water return, drain, and vent. Three different water distribution piping systems have dots inserted to break solid line.
Piping
Vent has continuous dotted line while drain is solid line. Any use of solid line is acceptable for identifying other piping systems, and insertion of type or abbreviation for particular system is similar to inserting dots.
Piping
Symbols and their meanings are listed by architect for plumbers review on blueprint page for particular job.
Fixtures
Symbols do not indicate actual fixture installed, but illustrate design intent.
Variation of sink symbol may indicate number of bowls or corner sink. Bathtub symbol will indicate drain location.
Fixtures
Toilet symbol is typical for all jobs.
Bidet symbol is similar to toilet symbol without indication of toilet tank.
Shower symbol typically has crossed lines indicating floor is sloped toward drain.
Fixtures
Dishwasher, washing machine, and dryer utilize square with their abbreviation to indicate installation location within room.