Energy: Sources, Supply and Demand

Professor Chemical Engineering Department

Sreenivas Jayanti

Contents
Energy

and prosperity Energy vs environment Historical usage of energy The Indian energy scenario Future energy demand Energy sources

Energy is a topical issue:

Key parameters fuelling the energy debate
Population

growth Economic growth Technological changes International policies Energy prices eopolitical concerns Environmental concerns

!orld energy use: "#$% to &%%%

" E'a (oule )E*+ , "%"#*

!orld population: "#$% to &%%%

Historical per capita of energy

Energy consumption vs

-P

Human development inde' vs energy

Energy production and delivered for the year &%%%: .K

Trends in energy consumption: .K

/ources of energy for the year &%%%

eographical imbalance in energy consumption

Energy production and consumption for the year &%%%: -enmar0

Energy production and consumption for the year &%%%: ./1

Energy production and consumption for the year &%%%: France

Energy production and consumption for the year &%%%: India

Population and Economic

rowth

Population and Economic

The

rowth

Population growth is pro(ected to be roughly " percent per year This would mean the population would rise from 23" billion4 before stabilising at #3& billion3 Economic growth will drive the energy demand4 with the developing countries constituting 5%6 of the increased demand

!orld : /ector7wise -emand

/ector7wise 8utloo0: Industry

The

use3 !e can brea0down the sector into four main industrial activities: iron and steel4 chemical4 non7metallic and other industries3 9emar0able improvements in the energy efficiency of steel production are e'pected /teady decreases in the energy intensity of both chemical and non7metallic industries are e'pected3

industrial sector is very diverse in energy

/ector7wise 8utloo0: Industry

1t

the world level4 the energy intensity of industry decreases by "3&6 per year3 This means that the energy productivity of industry is progressing by "3& 6 per year3
1s

a result4 greater value addition becomes possible with lesser energy3

/ector7wise 8utloo0: Transport

The

slow increase in the overall energy use in transport4 results from a combination of competing factors3 8verall4 the increase in energy demand results principally from the growing number and si:e of vehicles3 This increase is partially offset by better fuel efficiency3

/ector7wise 8utloo0: Transport

/ector7wise 8utloo0: Household

The

thermal energy use per household is e'pected to decrease in the industriali:ed countries with important improvements in energy efficiency3 In the developing countries4 the thermal energy use slightly increases3 The efficiency gains are offset by the steady increase in energy consumption due to increase of population3

Energy content of fuels

Enerygy storage capacity

/ources of primary energy supply in &%%&

!orld Energy /upply

Fossil fuel reserves:

Trends in power supply in India: ";<%7&%%$

Power generation in India: ";%%7";$%

Power generation in India: ";$%7&%%$

/ource of electricity in India: ";$% 7&%%5

eneration of electricity in India: ";$%7&%%5

Coal consumption pattern in India

=ariation of cost of oil: "#2" to &%%5

=ariation of cost of gas and coal: ";#$7&%%$

Pro(ected Coal -emand for India in &%>%

Carbon emissions of India and others

Costs today

!hat ne't?

Challenges of energy supply in the short term )ne't few decades+ of energy supply in the long term )into the &&nd century+

Challenges

THA ! "#$

1 Comical Interlude

1nother Comical Interlude