GERMAN COMPUTER SCIENTISTS

Books LLC, Wiki Series, Memphis, USA, 2011. ISBN: 9781155668673. www.booksllc.net Copyright: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en

Table of Contents
Alexander Strehl ................................. 1 Andy Bechtolsheim............................. 2 Arnold Schnhage............................... 3 Bernd Fix ............................................ 3 Bernhard Korte.................................... 4 Bernhard Nebel ................................... 4 Bernhard Preim ................................... 5 Bernhard Schlkopf ............................ 5 Carl Adam Petri .................................. 5 Chris Tomic ........................................ 6 Christof Ebert...................................... 6 Christof Leng ...................................... 6 Christoph Meinel ................................ 7 Daniel A. Keim ................................... 7 Dieter Fox ........................................... 8 Dietmar Saupe..................................... 8 Egon Brger ........................................ 8 Ernst Dickmanns................................. 8 Franz Baader ..................................... 10 Friedemann Mattern.......................... 10 Frieder Nake...................................... 11 Friedrich L. Bauer............................. 11 Gerhard Weikum............................... 12 Gernot Heiser .................................... 12 Gnter Hotz....................................... 13 Hans-Paul Schwefel .......................... 13 Hans-Peter Kriegel............................ 13 Hans Georg Bock .............................. 14 Hans Hagen ....................................... 15 Hans Meuer ....................................... 15 Hans Witsenhausen ........................... 15 Harald Ganzinger .............................. 15 Hartmut Neven.................................. 16 Hartmut Surmann.............................. 16 Holger H. Hoos ................................. 16 Horst Zuse ......................................... 16 Ingo Rechenberg ............................... 17 Ingo Wegener.................................... 17 Jochen Liedtke .................................. 17 Juergen Pirner ................................... 17 Jrg-Rdiger Sack............................. 18 Kai Krause......................................... 18 Karl Steinbuch................................... 19 Klaus Dittrich.................................... 19 Klaus Knopper .................................. 20 Klaus Samelson................................. 20 Konrad Zuse...................................... 21 Kurt Mehlhorn .................................. 23 Manfred Broy.................................... 24 Marcus Hutter ................................... 25 Markus Kuhn .................................... 25 Martin Odersky ................................. 26 Matthias Ettrich................................. 26 Michael Baumgardt........................... 26 Michael E. Auer ................................ 27 Michael Kohlhase.............................. 27 Michael Klling ................................ 28 Michael Ley ...................................... 29 Michael M. Richter ........................... 29 Michael Stal ...................................... 30 Osmar R. Zaiane................................ 31 Pascal Costanza................................. 31 Peter Baumann (computer scientist) . 32 Raimund Seidel ................................. 32 Reinhard Wilhelm ............................. 33 Rudi Studer ....................................... 33 Rudolf Bayer ..................................... 34 Sebastian Thrun................................. 34 Susanne Albers.................................. 35 Sven Koenig (computer scientist) ..... 35 Torsten Suel ...................................... 36 Udo Frese .......................................... 36 Walter F. Tichy ................................. 36 Wau Holland ..................................... 36 Wilfried Brauer ................................. 37 Wolfgang Nebel ................................ 37 Wolfgang Wahlster ........................... 37 Wolfram Burgard .............................. 37

Introduction
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Alexander Strehl
Alexander Strehl (born in Nuremberg) is a computer scientist, management consultant and business school profes-

2 Andy Bechtolsheim sor. His areas of expertise are business software, enterprise resource planning, business intelligence, strategies, personalization, artificial intelligence, cluster analysis, and data mining. He received a Ph.D. in Computer Engineering from the University Of Texas At Austin, was the creator of cluster ensembles, a director of flatfox AG, and a management consultant at McKinsey & Company. He is currently teaching at the University of Aalen and serves as an independent industry consultant. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Alexander_Strehl"

Andy Bechtolsheim
Andreas (Andy) von Bechtolsheim (born September 30, 1955) is an electrical engineer who co-founded Sun Microsystems in 1982 and was its chief hardware designer. He later became an investor, writing the first major check to fund Google, and starting several computer networking companies.

Career

years earlier from the Stanford Graduate School of Business with Scott McNealy, who managed manufacturing at Onyx Systems. The three wrote a short business plan and quickly received funding from venture capitalists in 1982.

Early life
Bechtolsheim was born near Ammersee, in the German state of Bavaria. He grew up on a farm with the Alps in the distance, the second of four children. Since the isolated house had no television and distant neighbors, he experimented with electronics as a child. In 1963 the family moved to Rome, Italy and then in 1968 to Nonnenhorn on Lake Constance in Germany. When he was only 16, he designed an industrial controller based on the Intel 8008 for a nearby company. Royalties from the product supported much of his education. As an engineering student at University of Technology Munich Bechtolsheim entered the jugend forscht contest for young researchers, and after entering for three years, won the physics prize in 1974. Bechtolsheim received a Fulbright Award and moved to the US in 1975 to attend Carnegie Mellon University, where he received his masters degree in computer engineering in 1976. In 1977 he moved to Silicon Valley to work for Intel, but quit when they transferred him to Oregon the first week. He took a summer job at Stanford University and became a Ph.D. student in electrical engineering.

Early Sun workstation hardware At Stanford, Bechtolsheim designed a powerful computer (called a workstation) with built-in networking called the SUN workstation. The name was derived from Stanford University Network. It was based on the Xerox Alto computer developed at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. Bechtolsheim was a "no fee consultant" at Xerox, meaning he was not paid but had free access to the research being done there. In particular, Lynn Conway was using workstations to design very-large-scale integration (VLSI) circuits. Bechtolsheim's advisor was Forest Baskett, and in 1980 Vaughan Pratt also provided leadership to the SUN project. Support was provided by the Computer Science Department and DARPA. The modular computer was used for research projects such as developing the V-System, and for early Internet routers. Bechtolsheim tried to interest other companies in manufacturing the workstations, but only got lukewarm responses.

SPARCstation 1, designed circa 1988

Bechtolsheim left Stanford to found the company, Sun Microsystems, as employee number one. Bill Joy, who was part of the team developing the BSD series of Unix operating systems, was the fourth member of the founding team. For a while Bechtolsheim and Joy shared an apartment in Palo Alto, California. The first product, the Sun-1, included the Stanford CPU board design with improved memory expansion, and a sheet-metal case. By the end of the year, the experimental Ethernet interface designed by Bechtolsheim was replaced by a commercial board from 3Com. Sun Microsystems had their Initial Public Offering in 1986 and reached $1 billion in sales by 1988. But Bechtolsheim wanted something new, and Founding Sun One of the companies building comput- around this time formed a project codeers for VLSI design was Daisy Systems, named UniSun, to design a small inexwhere Vinod Khosla worked at the pensive desktop computer for the edtime. Khosla had graduated a couple ucational market. The result was the SPARCstation 1 (known as "campus"),

Arnold Schnhage 3 the start of another line of Sun products. Other companies In 1995, Bechtolsheim left Sun to found Granite Systems, a company focused on developing high-speed network switches. In 1996, Cisco Systems acquired the firm for $220 million, with Bechtolsheim owning 60%. He became Vice President and general manager of Cisco's Gigabit Systems Business Unit, until leaving the company in December 2003 to head Kealia, Inc. Bechtolsheim founded Kealia in early 2001 with Stanford Professor David Cheriton, who was also a partner in Granite Systems, to work on advanced server technologies using the Opteron processor from Advanced Micro Devices. In February 2004, Sun Microsystems announced it was acquiring Kealia in a stock swap. Due to the acquisition, Bechtolsheim returned to Sun again as senior vice president and chief architect. Kealia hardware technology was used in the Sun Fire X4500 storage product. Along with Cheriton, in 2005 Bechtolsheim launched another high speed networking company, Arastra. Arastra later changed its name to Arista Networks. Bechtolsheim left Sun Microsystems to become the Chairman and Chief Development Officer of Arista in October, 2008, but stated he still was associated with Sun in an advisory role. Bechtolsheim is a founding member of Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley CMU's west coast campus in Mountain View, California. Investments Bechtolsheim co-founded HighBAR Ventures, an early-stage venture capital investment firm, along with two Sun colleagues: Bill Joy and Roy Sardia. HighBAR's investments include Mirapoint, Brocade, Tasmania Network Systems, Brightmail, and Regroup. Bechtolsheim and Cheriton were two of the first investors in Google, investing US$100,000 each in September 1998. Bechtolsheim wrote the check to "Google Inc" prior to the company even being founded. The story that says Bechtolsheim coined the name "Google" is untrue. However, he did motivate the founders to officially organize the company under that name. When he gave the check to Lawrence E. Page and Sergey Brin, Google's founders, they had not actually yet been legally incorporated. As a result of shrewd investments like these, Bechtolsheim was seen as one of the most successful "angel investors", particularly in areas such as electronic design automation (EDA), which refers to the software used by people designing computer chips. He has made a number of successful investments in EDA. He argues that changes in the chips themselves are outpacing the development of EDA tools, creating what he sees as an opportunity. It was his interest in these design tools while at Stanford which prompted his frustration when waiting for access to mainframes which led to his development of the first workstation. In one such EDA company, Magma Design Automation, his stake was valued around $60 million. The most profitable for Bechtolsheim was his initial $100,000 investment in Google, which in March 2010 was worth approximately $1.7 billion. His net worth was estimated at $2 billion, just after Donald Trump. Bechtolsheim invested in Tapulous, the maker of music games for the Apple iPhone. Tapulous was acquired by the Walt Disney Company in 2010. Bechtolsheim joined George T. Haber, a former colleague at Sun, to invest in wireless chip company CrestaTech in 2006 and 2008. Bechtolsheim was an investor in all of Haber's previous startups: CompCore purchased by Zoran, GigaPixel purchased by 3Dfx and Mobilygen purchased by Maxim Integrated Products in 2008. He was reported to be an early investor in Claria Corporation, which ceased operation in 2008. Bechtolsheim received a Smithsonian Leadership Award for Innovation in 1999, a Stanford Entrepreneur Company of the year award, and is a member of the National Academy of Engineering. He gave the opening keynote speech at the International Supercomputing Conference in 2009. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Andy_Bechtolsheim"

Arnold Schnhage
Arnold Schnhage (1 December 1934, Lockhausen, now Bad Salzuflen, Free State of Lippe) is a mathematician and computer scientist and Professor Emeritus at Rheinische Friedrich-WilhelmsUniversitt, Bonn. He was also professor in Tbingen and Konstanz. Schnhage now lives near Bonn, Germany. Schnhage together with Volker Strassen developed the Schnhage Strassen algorithm for fast integer multiplication that has a run-time of O(N log N log log N). Schnhage designed and implemented together with Andreas F. W. Grotefeld and Ekkehart Vetter a multitape Turing machine, called TP, in software. The machine is programmed in TPAL, an assembler language. They implemented numerous numerical algorithms including the SchnhageStrassen algorithm on this machine. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Arnold_Sch%C3%B6nhage"

Bernd Fix
Bernd Fix (born March 19, 1962 in Wittingen, Lower Saxony) is a German Hacker and Computer Security Expert.

Biography
After final secondary-school examina-

4 Bernhard Korte tion from Gymnasium Hankensbttel in 1981, Bernd Fix studied Astrophysics and Philosophy at the universities of Gttingen and Heidelberg. He received his diplom for a work in the field of theoretical astrophysics in 1989. From 1987 to 1989 Fix was one of the spokesperson for the Chaos Computer Club and author for the "Hacker Bible 2". After the death of his friend Wau Holland (co-founder of the Chaos Computer Club) in 2001 Fix helped to establish the Wau Holland Foundation and serves as a founding member of the Board of Directors ever since. Since 1998 Fix is living and working in Switzerland; he currently resides in Zrich. tralize the Vienna Virus; this event marks the first documented antivirus software ever written. Fix is also the author of several reWork search viruses; among them the VP370 In 1986 Fix joined the Chaos Computer virus for IBM mainframe computers. Club (CCC) in Hamburg and started to The VP370 source code was allegedly work on computer security issues, fo- stolen by the Bundesnachrichtendienst cussing on computer virus research. He (Federal Intelligence Service in Gerpublished a first demo virus (Rushhour) many) in 1988 to be used in attacks in Fall 1986 in the Datenschleuder #17, against East Block and NATO mainthe hacker magazine edited by the CCC. frame computer systems in the so-called He also contributed results of his re- "Project Rahab". search to the book "Computer Viruses" Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. by Ralf Burger. org/wiki/Bernd_Fix" In 1987 he devised a method to neu-

Bernhard Korte
Bernhard H. Korte (born November 3, 1938 in Bottrop, Germany) is a German mathematician and computer scientist, a professor at the University of Bonn, and an expert in combinatorial optimization. Bonn in 1967. His thesis was entitled "Beitrge zur Theorie der Hardy'schen Funktionenklassen" (translated, "Contributions to the theory of Hardy function classes"), and was supervised by Ernst Peschl and Walter Thimm. He earned his habilitation in 1971, and briefly held faculty positions at Regensburg University and Bielefeld University before joining the University of Bonn as a faculty member in 1972. At the University of Bonn, Korte is the director of the Research Institute for Discrete Mathematics. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Bernhard_Korte"

Biography
Korte earned his doctorate (Doctor rerum naturalium) from the University of

Bernhard Nebel
Bernhard Nebel, born 1956, is a German Artificial Intelligence scientist. He is a full professor at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg where he holds the chair for foundations of Artificial Intelligence. Bernhard Nebel received his Diploma degree from the University of Hamburg in 1980 and his Doctorate from the Saarland University in 1989. His thesis advisor was Wolfgang Wahlster. Between 1982 and 1993 he worked on different AI projects at the University of Hamburg, the Technical University of Berlin, ISI/USC, IBM Germany, and the German Research Center for AI (DFKI). From 1993 to 1996 he held an associate professor position (C3) at the University of Ulm. Since 1996 he is full professor at Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg. Among other professional services, he served as the Program Co-chair for the 3rd International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR'92), as the Program Co-chair for the 18th German Annual Conference on AI (KI'94), as the General Chair of the 21st German Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence (KI'97), and as the Program Chair for the 17th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI'01). In 2001, Bernhard Nebel was elected as an ECCAI fellow. Throughout his entire career, Bernhard Nebel has made substantial contributions to the foundations of Artificial Intelligence, to automated planning and scheduling, and to the RoboCup initiative. Bernhard Nebel is (co-)author and (co-)editor of 9 books and proceedings, as well as author and co-author of more than 100 refereed papers in scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. His CS Freiburg RoboCup team became world champion in the RoboCup mid-size league in 1998, 2000, and 2001. Bernhard Nebel and his group have also developed the first autonomous table football system. Bernhard Nebel is a fellow of the European Coordinating Committee for Artificial Intelligence. In 2009, he was elected to be a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. In 2010, he became a fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Bernhard_Nebel"

Bernhard Preim 5

Bernhard Preim
Bernhard Preim is a specialist in human-computer interface design as well as in Visual Computing for Medicine. He is currently Professor for Visualization at University of Magdeburg, Germany. Preim received the diploma in computer science in 1994 (minor in mathematics) and a Ph.D. in 1998 from the Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg (PhD thesis "Interactive Illustrations and Animations for the Exploration of Spatial Relations"). In 1999, he joined the staff of MeVis (Center for Medical Diagnosis System and Visualization). In close collaboration with radiologists and surgeons, he directed the work on "computer-aided planning in liver surgery" and initiated several projects funded by the German Research Council in the area of computer-aided surgery. In June 2002, he received the Habilitation degree (venia legendi) for computer science from the University of Bremen. Since Mars 2003 he is full professor for "Visualization" at the computer science department at the Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, heading a research group which is focussed on medical visualization and applications in surgical education and surgery planning. These developments are summarized in a comprehensive textbook Visualization in Medicine (Co-author Dirk Bartz), which appeared at Morgan Kaufmann in June 2007. Bernhard Preim is member of the ACM and the German Chapter of the ACM where he served as Vice-President (200103). He is speaker of the working group Medical Visualization in the German Society for Computer Science. He is member of the scientific advisary board of CURAC (German Society for Computer- and Roboter-assisted Surgery, since 2004 and since 2009 vice-president) and Visiting Professor at the University of Bremen where he closely collaborates with MeVis Research (now Fraunhofer MEVIS). Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Bernhard_Preim"

Bernhard Schlkopf
Bernhard Schlkopf is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics in Tbingen, Germany where he heads the Department of Empirical Inference. He is a leading researcher in the machine learning community where he is particularly active in the field of kernel methods. He has made particular contributions with support vector machines and kernel PCA. A large part of his work is the development of novel machine learning algorithms through their formulation as (typically convex) optimisation problems. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Bernhard_Sch%C3%B6lkopf"

Carl Adam Petri

Carl Adam Petri (12 July 1926 2 July 2010) was a German mathematician and computer scientist. He was born in Leipzig. Petri nets were invented in August 1939 by Carl Adam Petri at the age of 13 for the purpose of describing chemical processes. In 1941 his father told him about Konrad Zuse's work on computing machines and Carl Adam started building his own analog computer. After earning his Abitur at the Thomasschule he was in 1944 drafted into the Wehrmacht and eventually went into British captivity. Petri started studying mathematics at the Darmstadt University of Technology in 1950. He documented the Petri net in 1962 as part of his dissertation, Kommunikation mit Automaten (communi- Awards cation with automata). He worked from 1996: Werner von Siemens Ring, a 1959 until 1962 at the University of prestigious German award in techniBonn and received his PhD degree in cal sciences 1962 from the Darmstadt University of In 2003, he was honored by Her Technology. Majesty the Queen of the NetherPetri's work significantly advanced lands with the title Commander in the fields of parallel computing and disthe Order of the Netherlands Lion. tributed computing, and it helped define In 2007 Professor Carl Adam Petri the modern studies of complex systems was honored for his lifetime and workflow management. His contriachievements by the "Academy of butions have been in the broader area Transdisciplinary Learning and Adof network theory which includes coorvanced Studies (ATLAS)" with a dination models and theories of inter"Academy Gold Medal of Honor". action, and eventually led to the formal In 2008 he received the Computer study of software connectors. Pioneer Award from the IEEE. In 1988 he became honorary profes- Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. sor of the University of Hamburg. Petri org/wiki/Carl_Adam_Petri" officially retired in 1991. He was member of the Academia Europaea.

6 Chris Tomic

Chris Tomic
Chris Tomic is a German computer scientist credited with creating the first logos and ringtones for mobile handsets in 1998. Tomic started 1996 with developing technologies for the internet industry in Germany Dsseldorf with the company Novadoc GmbH. In 1998 he focused his research and development on the mobile industry and invented the protocol for mobile micropayments over SMS. Furthermore he set the standard for the delivery of binary messages to mobile handsets such as Nokia and initiated the sell of the first black and white operator-logos and monophonic ringtones to mobile handsets. In 2001 he became the CTO of the company MonsterMob LTD which was floated on the London Stock Exchange with an opening market capitalisation of 32m. Spanish internet firm LaNetro Zed bought up a majority 53% stake in the business. The agreement will mean LaNetro Zed and MonsterMob LTD will together become the world's largest company in the Mobile Value-Added Services (MVAS) market in terms of revenue. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Chris_Tomic"

Christof Ebert
Christof Ebert (born 1964 in Stuttgart) is a German computer scientist and author, working in the field of systems and software engineering. He studied electrical engineering and computer sciences from 1984 to 1990 at University of Stuttgart and at Kansas State University. In 1994 he received his PhD at University of Stuttgart on complexity control during the product life-cycle. Since 1994 he worked at Alcatel, first in Stuttgart, from 1996 onwards in Antwerp and as of 2001 in Paris. As director engineering he had global responsibility for software platforms, engineering processes and tools. Recognizing his contributions in software measurement, productivity improvement, Product Lifecycle Management and CMMI he was named member of Alcatel's technical academy. Since 2006 he is managing director and partner in a consulting company. He is lecturing at University of Stuttgart, is a frequent keynote speaker at conferences and has authored several books and over 100 scientific publications. He serves on the editorial boards of IEEE Software and the Journal of Systems and Software and is working on the program committees of international conferences. Being a IEEE Distinguished Visitor he is working on requirements engineering, product management und software engineering. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Christof_Ebert"

Christof Leng
Christof Leng (b. Friedberg, Hesse, September 14, 1975) is a German politician and computer scientist. As a founding member of the Pirate Party Germany, he became its first leader on September 10, 2006. Leng, who held the post until May 2007, works as a research fellow at the Darmstadt University of Technology. He is a board member of the German Informatics Society. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Christof_Leng"

Christof Leng

Christoph Meinel 7

Christoph Meinel
1974-79 Christoph Meinel studied Mathematics and Computer Sciences at the Humboldt-University Berlin were he received also his PhD degree in 1981. 1988 he defended his State Doctorate (Habilitation) at the Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. After visiting positions at the universities of Saarbrcken and Paderborn, in 1992 he was appointed a full professor (C4) for computer science at the University of Trier (Germany). In that time his research activities were concentrated in computational complexity theory and efficient data structures (esp. binary decision diagrams - BDDs) for chip design. In the midnineteeth he extended his research focus to Internet and Web-technologies, particularly he startet applied research Christoph Meinel and development in IT-Security and Univ.-Prof. Dr. sc. nat. Christoph Teleteaching. In that time he founded Meinel (born 14 April 1954, Meien, the Institut fr Telematik e.V., which Germany) is a German scientist and uni- was supervised by the Fraunhofer Soversity professor of computer sciences. ciety for applied research. There he inHe is president and CEO of the Hasso vented technologies like Lock-Keeper Plattner Institute (HPI) for IT Systems and Tele-TASK. 2004, when he was apEngineering at the University of Pots- pointed scientific director and CEO of dam (Germany), which is ranked a top the HPI he continued his research work university department in computer sci- in these fields. Meanwhile Lock-Keeper ences in Germany (CHE-Ranking is licensed by Siemens AG and tele2009). His actual research interests and TASK is regularly used for recording activities is concentrated on Internet and Internet-broadcasting lectures of Technology and Systems and on inno- HPI and several other universities. Bevation research (Design Thinking re- side he is a teacher at the HPI School search). It is particularly focused on In- of Design Thinking and program directernet security and security engineering tor of the HPI-Stanford Design Think(highest network security, safer Inter- ing Research Program. Beside of his net, SOA-Security and Trust), on inno- teaching activities in HPI and Potsdam vative froms or teaching and learning university since 2002 he is a visiting (Web3.0, e-learning, tele-lecturing, e.g. professor both at the University of Luxtele-TASK), and on secure telemedi- embourg and at the School of Computer cine. In 2006, he hosted together with Science of the Technical University of Hasso Plattner the first German Na- Beijing (China). Christoph Meinel is author or co-autional IT-Summit of the German Fedthor of 8 text books and monographs eral Chancellor Dr. Angela Merkel. (e.g. "Digitale Kommunikation", "WWW Kommunikation, Internetworking, Web-Technologien", "Design Thinking Innovation lernen, Ideenwelten ffnen", "Mathematische Grundlagen der Informatik", "Algorithmen und Datenstrukturen im VLSI-Design. OBDDs Grundlagen und Anwendungen"), and of various conference proceedings. He has published more than 350 per-reviewed scientific papers in highly recognised international scientific journals and conferences. He holds various international patents (e.g. LockKeeper licenced by Siemens AG) and leads the tele-TASK design team. Christoph Meinel is the chairman of the national German IPv6 council, the HPI-Stanford Design Thinking Research Program, the steering committee of the HPI Future SOC Lab, and the advisory board of SAP Meraka UTD in South Africa. In between 1996-2007 Meinel was member of the scientific board of the IBFI Schlo Dagstuhl and speaker of the special interest group on complexity of the German computer science society Gesellschaft fr Informatik. He is also member of various other international scientific boards and program committees, and has organised several symposia and conferences. Christoph Meinel is chief editor of the two scientific E-journals ECCC-Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity and ECDTRElectronic Colloquium on Design Thinking Research, of the IT-Gipfelblog, an ongoing blog about ICT in Germany, and of the tele-TASK portal with several thousands of multimedia lecture recordings by tele-TASK.

Einzelnachweise
Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Christoph_Meinel"

Daniel A. Keim
Daniel A. Keim is German computer scientist and full professor (Chair of Information Processing) at the Computer Konstanz. He received his Ph.D. in Science department of the University of Computer Science from the University

8 Dieter Fox of Munich in 1994. He has been assistant professor at the Computer Science department of the University of Munich, associate professor at the CS department of the Martin- Luther-University Halle. He has been working at AT&T Shannon Research Labs, Florham Park, NJ, USA as a senior researcher. He has published extensively on information visualization and data mining; he has given tutorials on related issues at several large conferences. He is an editor of TKDE and the Information Visualization Journal. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Daniel_A._Keim"

Dieter Fox
Dieter Fox is a German roboticist and a Professor in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at the University of Washington, Seattle. He is most notable for his contributions to several fields including robotics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and ubiquitous computing. Together with Wolfram Burgard and Sebastian Thrun he is a co-author of the book Probabilistic Robotics. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Dieter_Fox"

Dietmar Saupe
Dietmar Saupe (born 1954) is a fractal researcher and professor of computer science, Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Konstanz, Germany. Saupe's book, Chaos and Fractals, won the Association of American Publishers award for Best Mathematics Book of the Year in 1992. His current research interests include computer graphics, scientific visualization, and image processing. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Dietmar_Saupe"

Egon Brger
Egon Brger (born 1946) is a Germanborn computer scientist based in Italy. Professor Egon Brger was born in Bad Laer, Lower Saxony, Germany. Between 1965 and 1971 he studied at the Sorbonne, Paris (France), Universit Catholique de Louvain and Institut Suprieur de Philosophie de Louvain (in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), University of Mnster (Germany). Since 1985 he has held a Chair in computer science at the University of Pisa, Italy. Since September 2010 he has been an elected member of the Academia Europaea. Professor Egon Boerger is a pioneer of applying logical methods in computer science. He is co-founder of the international conference series CSL. He is also one of the founders of the Abstract State Machines (ASM) Method for accurate and controlled design and analysis of computer-based systems and cofounder of the series of international ASM workshops. He contributed to the theoretical foundations of the method and initiated its industrial applications in a variety of fields, in particular programming languages, System architecture, requirements and software (re-)engineering, control systems, protocols, web services. To this date, he is one of the leading scientists in ASM-based modeling and verification technology, which he has crucially shaped by his activities. In 2007, he received the Humboldt Research Award. ysis, Springer-Verlag, 2003. (ISBN 3-540-00702-4) Egon Brger Computability, Complexity, Logic (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1989, translated from the German original from 1985, Itlian Translation Bollati-Borighieri 1989) Egon Brger, The Classical Decision Problem (co-authored by E.Graedel and Y.Gurevich), Springer-Verlag 1997, ISBN 3-54057073-X, 2nd Edition as "Universitext", Springer-Verlag 2001, ISBN 3-540-42324-9 Egon Brger, Java and the Java Virtual Machine: Definition, Verification, Validation (co-authored by R. Staerk and J. Schmid), SpringerVerlag ISBN 3-540-42088-6, 2001 Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Egon_B%C3%B6rger"

Selected publications
Egon Brger and Robert Strk, Abstract State Machines: A Method for High-Level System Design and Anal-

Ernst Dickmanns
Ernst Dieter Dickmanns is a former professor at Bundeswehr University Munich (19752001), and a pioneer of dynamic computer vision and of driverless cars. Dickmanns has been visiting professor to CalTech, Pasadena, and to MIT, Boston teaching courses on 'dynamic vision'.

Biography
Dickmanns was born in 1936. He studied aerospace and aeronautics at RWTH

Ernst Dickmanns 9 Aachen (19561961), and control engineering at Princeton University (1964/ 65); from 1961 to 1975 he was associated with the German Aero-Space Research Establichment (now DLR) Oberpfaffenhofen, working in the fields of flight dynamics and trajectory optimization.In 1971/72 he spent a PostDoc Research Associateship with the NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville (orbiter re-entry). From 1975 to 2001 he was with UniBw Munich, where he initiated the 'Institut fuer Flugmechanik und Systemdynamik' (IFS), the Institut fuer die 'Technik Autonomer Systeme' (TAS), and the research activities in machine vision for vehicle guidance. lowed the system to focus its attention on the most relevant details of the visual input. Kalman filters have been extended to perspective imaging and were used to achieve robust autonomous driving even in presence of noise and uncertainty. Feedback of prediction errors allowed bypassing the (ill-conditioned) inversion of perspective projection by least-squares parameter fits. When in 1986/87 the EUREKA-project 'PROgraMme for a European Traffic of Highest Efficiency and Unprecedented Safety' (PROMETHEUS) was initiated by the European car manufacturing industry (funding in the range of several hundred million Euros), the initially planned autonomous lateral guidance by buried cables was dropped and substituted by the much more flexible machine vision approach proposed by Dickmanns, and partially encouraged by his successes. Most of the major car companies participated; so did Dickmanns and his team in cooperation with the Daimler-Benz AG. Substantial progress was made in the following 7 years. In particular, Dickmanns' robot cars learned to drive in traffic under various conditions. An accompanying human driver with a "red button" made sure the robot vehicle could not get out of control and become a danger to the public. Since 1992, driving in public traffic was standard as final step in realworld testing. Several dozen Transputers, a special breed of parallel computers, were used to deal with the (by 1990s standards) enormous computational demands. Two culmination points were achieved in 1994/95, when Dickmanns re-engineered autonomous S-Class Mercedes-Benz performed international demonstrations. The first was the final presentation of the PROMETHEUS project in October 1994 on Autoroute 1 near the airport Charles-de-Gaulle in Paris. With guests onboard, the twin vehicles of Daimler-Benz (VITA-2) and UniBwM (VaMP) drove more than one thousand kilometers on the three-lane highway in standard heavy traffic at speeds up to 130 km/h. Driving in free lanes, convoy driving with distance keeping depending on speed, and lane changes left and right with autonomous passing have been demonstrated; the latter required interpreting the road scene also in the rear hemisphere. Four cameras with two different focal lengths for each hemisphere have been used in parallel for this purpose. The second culmination point was a 1758 km trip in the fall of 1995 from Munich in Bavaria to Odense in Denmark to a project meeting and back. Both longitudinal and lateral guidance were performed autonomously by vision. On highways, the robot achieved speeds exceeding 175 km/h (roughly 110 mph; there is no general speed limit on the German Autobahn). Publications from Dickmann's research group indicate a mean autonomously driven distance without resets of ~9 km; the longest autonomously driven stretch reached 158 km. More than half of the resets required were achieved autonomously (no human intervention). This is particularly impressive considering that the system used black-andwhite video-cameras and did not model situations like road construction sites with yellow lane markings, lanechanges at over 140 km/h, and other traffic with more than 40 km/h relative speed. In total, 95% autonomous driving (by distance) was achieved. In the years 1994 to 2004 the elder 5-ton van 'VaMoRs' was used to develop the capabilities needed for driving on networks of minor (also unsealed) roads and for cross-country driving including avoidance of negative obstacles like ditches. Turning off onto crossroads of unknown width and intersection angles required a big effort, but has been achieved with "Expectation-based, Multi-focal, Saccadic vision" (EMS-vision). This vertebrate-type vision uses animation capabilities based on knowledge about subject classes (including the autonomous vehicle itself) and their potential behaviour in certain situations. This rich background is used for control of gaze and attention as well as for locomotion. Beside ground vehicle guidance, also applications of the 4-D approach to dy-

Pioneering work in autonomous driving

In the beginning of the 1980s his team equipped a Mercedes-Benz van with cameras and other sensors. The 5-ton van was re-engineered such that it was possible to control steering wheel, throttle, and brakes through computer commands based on real-time evaluation of image sequences. Software was written that translated the sensory data into appropriate driving commands. For safety reasons, initial experiments in Bavaria took place on streets without traffic. Since 1986 the Robot Car "VaMoRs" managed to drive all by itself, since 1987 at speeds up to 96 km/h, or roughly 60 mph. One of the greatest challenges in high-speed autonomous driving arises through the rapidly changing visual street scenes. Back then, computers were much slower than they are today (~1% of 1%); therefore, sophisticated computer vision strategies were necessary to react in real time. The team of Dickmanns solved the problem through an innovative approach to dynamic vision. Spatiotemporal models were used right from the beginning, dubbed '4-D approach', which did not need storing previous images but non-the-less was able to yield estimates of all 3-D velocity components. Attention control including artificial saccadic movements of the platform carrying the cameras al-

10 Franz Baader namic vision for unmanned air vehicles (conventional aircraft and helicopters) have been investigated. Autonomous visual landing approaches and landings have been demonstrated in hardware-inthe-loop simulations with visual/inertial data fusion. Another success of this machine vision technology was the first ever visually controlled grasping experiment of a free-floating object in weightlessness onboard the Space Shuttle Columbia D2-mission in 1993 as part of the 'Rotex'-experiment of DLR. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Ernst_Dickmanns"

Franz Baader
Franz Baader (15 June 1959, Spalt) is a German computer scientist. He received his PhD in Computer Science in 1989 from the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany, where he was a teaching and research assistant for 4 years. In 1989, he went to the German Research Institute of Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) as a senior researcher and project leader. In 1993 he was associate professor for computer science at RWTH Aachen, and in 2002 full professor for computer science at TU Dresden. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521781763. Franz Baader, Andre Voronkov, ed (2005). Logic for programming, artificial intelligence, and reasoning: 11th international conference. Springer. ISBN 9783540252368. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Franz_Baader"

Works
Franz Baader, Tobias Nipkow, Term Rewriting and All That, (1998) Cambridge University Press. Franz Baader, ed (2003). The description logic handbook: theory, implementation, and applications.

Friedemann Mattern
Friedemann Mattern (born July 28, 1955) is a German scientist. After studying computer science with a minor in communication sciences at the University of Bonn, Mattern became a VLSI design and parallelism researcher at Kaiserslautern University of Technology. He got his doctorate degree in 1989 after writing a dissertation on distributed algorithms. In 1991 Mattern was offered a teaching position at Saarland University in Saarbrcken; later he moved to Darmstadt University of Technology, where he started the program Electronic Market Infrastructure. In 1999 Mattern responded to ETH Zurich's call for the establishment of a Ubiquitous Computing research group. Since fall 2002, he has been on the Institute for Pervasive Computing Founding Board. Currently he is in charge of the Distributed Systems program at ETH Zurich. Mattern is also a co-founder of the common M-Lab Competency Center at ETH Zurich and the University of St. Gallen. Together with Colin Fidge, he developed the vector clock algorithm, which allows to generate a partial ordering of events in a distributed system and to detect causality violations. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Friedemann_Mattern"

Frieder Nake 11

Frieder Nake
Frieder Nake (born December 16, 1938 in Stuttgart) is a professor for computer graphics at the department for computer science at the University of Bremen and visiting professor for hypermedia design at the University of the Arts Bremen. He lives and works in Bremen, Germany. He has taught in Stuttgart, Toronto and Vancouver, and has been in Bremen since 1972. He specializes in interactive computer graphics, digital media, computer art, and semiotics. He has been a visiting professor at Universitetet Oslo, Aarhus Universitet, Universitt Wien, University of Colorado at Boulder. He was one of the first to exhibit digital computer art in 1965 (Galerie Wendelin Niedlich, Stuttgart). In the same year, other exhibitions were staged by Georg Nees in Stuttgart and A. Michael Noll in New York. Nake, Nees and Noll are generally recognized as pioneers of computer art, and in this context are sometimes called the three big 'N's. He also was one of the first to analyze links between aesthetics and information theory. His book sthetik als Informationsverarbeitung (1974) is one of the first in this field, and greatly helped to promote research on the borderline between science and art. In the 1970s he was an active member of the Communist League of West Germany (KBW), for which he stood as a candidate in the Bremen Brgerschaft elections. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Frieder_Nake"

Frieder Nake

Friedrich L. Bauer
Friedrich Ludwig Bauer (born June 10, 1924 in Regensburg) is a German computer scientist and professor emeritus at Technical University of Munich. sors to all modern imperative program- of three sons and two daughters. ming languages. In 1968, Bauer coined the term Software Engineering which Definition of Software Engineering has been in widespread use since. Bauer was an influential figure in es- Dr. Bauer was a colleague of the Gertablishing computer science as an inde- man Representative the NATO Science pendent subject in German universities. Committee. In 1967, NATO had been His scientific contributions spread discussing 'The Software Crisis' and from numerical analysis (Bauer-Fike Friedrich had suggested the term 'Softtheorem) and fundamentals of interpre- ware Engineering' as a way to conceive tation and translation of programming of both the problem and the solution. languages, to his later works on sysNATO had planned a conference to tematics of program development, espe- discuss this crisis and it was at this concially program transformation methods ference in 1968, sponsored by the and systems (CIP-S) and the associated NATO Science Committee, in wide-spectrum language system CIP-L. Garmisch, Germany, that Fritz Bauer He also wrote a well-respected book on proposed the following definition of cryptology, Decrypted secrets, now in Software Engineering: its fourth edition. "Establishment and use of sound enHe was the doctoral advisor of 39 stu- gineering principles to obtain economidents, including Manfred Broy, David cally software that is reliable and works Gries, Manfred Paul, Gerhard Seeg- on real machines efficiently." Fritz mller, Josef Stoer, Peter Wynn, and Bauer, 1968. Christoph Zenger. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. Friedrich Bauer is married to Dr. org/wiki/Friedrich_L._Bauer" Hildegard Bauer-Vogg. He is the father

Life
Bauer earned his Abitur in 1942 and served in the Wehrmacht (German armed forces) from 1943 to 1945. In 1946 he started studying mathematics and theoretical physics at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt, Munich (until 1950). Since 1963, he worked as a professor of mathematics and (since 1972) computer science at Technical University of Munich. He retired in 1989. Bauer's early work involved the construction of computing machinery (e.g. the logical relay computer Stanislaus in 1951). In this context, he was the first to propose the widely used stack method of expression evaluation. Bauer also worked in the committees that developed the imperative computer programming languages ALGOL 58 and its successor ALGOL 60, important predeces-

12 Gerhard Weikum

Gerhard Weikum
Gerhard Weikum is a Research Director (and until Aug 2007, had also been the Managing Director) at the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science (MPI) in Saarbruecken, Germany, where he is leading the databases and information systems department. His current research interests include distributed information systems, P2P computing, database performance optimization (automatic tuning) and self-organization (autonomic computing), and intelligent organization and search of semistructured information. He is also the Dean of the International Max Planck Research School for Computer Science (IMPRS-CS). Earlier he held positions at Saarland University in Saarbrcken, Germany, at ETH Zurich, Switzerland, at MCC in Austin, Texas, and he was a visiting senior researcher at Microsoft Research in Redmond, Washington. He received his diploma and doctoral degrees from the University of Darmstadt, Germany. He currently acts as the President of the VLDB endowment, which organizes the yearly International Conference on Very Large Databases, a scientific conference for researchers in the area of database research. In 2005 the Association for Computing Machinery appointed Gerhard Weikum a fellow, one of the highest honors of the ACM. Weikum has been honored for his research in the fields of databases and information systems, in particular for his contributions to improve the reliability and the performance of large-scale, distributed information systems. The circle of fellows is dominated by researchers from US educational institutions, such as Stanford University, the University of California, Berkeley, or CMU. Since 1993, seven German researchers have been appointed ACM Fellows. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Gerhard_Weikum"

Gernot Heiser
Gernot Heiser (born 1957) is a Scientia Professor and the John Lions Chair for operating systems at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). He is also leader of the Operating Systems research group (ERTOS) at NICTA. In 2006 he co-founded Open Kernel Labs (OK Labs) to commercialise his L4 microkernel technology. After four years as the company's Chief Technology Officer he left in July 2010 but continues to serve as on the Board of Directors. in 2002, his research shifted away from high-end computing platforms towards embedded systems, with the specific aim of improving security, safety and reliability via the use of microkernel technology. This led to the development of a new microkernel called seL4, and its formal verification, claimed to be the first-ever complete proof of the functional correctness of a general-purpose OS kernel. His work on virtualization was motivated by the need to provide a comResearch plete OS environment on his microkerHeiser's research focuses on microker- nels. His Wombat project followed the nels and microkernel-based systems as approach taken with the L4Linux prowell as virtual machines, with a specific ject at Dresden, but was a multi-archiemphasis on performance and reliabili- tecture paravirtualized Linux running ty. on x86, ARM and MIPS hardware. The His group produced the Mungi single Wombat work later formed the basis for address space operating system, aimed the OKL4 hypervisor of his company at clusters of 64-bit computers, and im- Open Kernel Labs. plementations of the L4 microkernel The desire to reduce the engineering with very fast inter-process communi- effort of paravirtualization led to the decation. His Gelato@UNSW team was a velopment of the soft layering apfounding member of the Gelato Feder- proach of automated paravirtulization ation, and focused on performance and which was demonstrated on x86 and Itascalability of Linux on Itanium. They nium hardware. His vNUMA work established theoretical and practical demonstrated a hypervisor which preperformance limits of message-passing sents a distributed system as a sharedIPC on Itanium. memory multiprocessor as a possible Since joining NICTA at its creation model for many-core chips with large numbers of processor cores. Device drivers are another focus of his work, including the first demonstration of user-mode drivers with a performance overhead of less than 10%, an approach to driver development that eliminates the majority of typical driver bugs by design, device drivers produced from device test benches, and a demonstration of the feasibility of the automatic generation of device drivers from formal specifications. Recent research also includes power management. In the past he also worked on semiconductor device simulation, where he pioneered the use of multi-dimensional modeling in the optimisation of siliconbased solar cells.

Operating-System Projects
seL4 3rd-generation microkernel L4.verified formal verification of seL4 Dingo and Termite frameworks for reliable device drivers Koala framework for OS-level energy management vNUMA, a hypervisor providing shared virtual memory on a cluster Mungi and Iguana single address space operating systems Wombat portable Linux on L4 mi-

Gnter Hotz 13 crokernel Gelato@UNSW performance and scalability of Linux on Itanium L4/MIPS 64-bit L4 microkernel on MIPS architecture

Awards
Scientia Professor of the University of New South Wales 2010 Innovation Hero of the Warren Centre at the University of Sydney NSW Scientist of the Year 2009 Category Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Sciences Best Paper at the 22nd ACM SIGOPS Symposium on Operating

Teaching
Advanced Operating Systems at UNSW

Systems Principles, 2009 Best Paper at the 13th IEEE AsiaPacific Computer Systems Architecture Conference, 2008 Best Student Paper at the 2005 USENIX Annual Technical Conference

Publications of Note
Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Gernot_Heiser"

Gnter Hotz
Gnter Hotz (born 16 November 1931) is a German pioneer of computer science. His work includes formal languages, digital circuits and computational complexity theory. In 1987, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which is the highest honour awarded in German research. Hotz received his PhD in 1958 at Gttingen. His advisor was Kurt Reidemeister. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Hotz"

Hans-Paul Schwefel
Hans-Paul Schwefel (born December 4, 1940 in Berlin) is a German computer scientist and professor emeritus at University of Dortmund (now Dortmund University of Technology), where he held the chair of systems analysis from 1985 until 2006. He is one of the pioneers in evolutionary computation and one of the authors responsible for the evolution strategies (Evolutionsstrategien). His work has helped to understand the dynamics of evolutionary algorithms and to put evolutionary computation on formal grounds. He attended the Technical University of Berlin (TUB) and graduated as an aerospace engineer in 1965 and got his Dr.-Ing. in 1975. While as a student at TUB, he met Ingo Rechenberg in November 1963. Both of them were studying the aero- and space technology and both of them were keen on cybernetics and bionics. Rechenberg was dealing with wall shear stress measurements and Schwefel was responsible for organizing fluid dynamics exercises for other students. Together they were dreaming of a research robot working according to cybernetic principles, but computers became available only later on. While attending the Hermann Fttinger-Institute for Hydrodynamics (HFI) at TUB, he and Rechenberg began performing experiments upon wings, kinked plates, and other objects related to fluid dynamics. The main objective of those experiments concerned optimizing the shape and/or parameters through mostly small modifications on the real objects, a "technique" they called experimental optimization, in order to reduce the drag, increase the thrust, and so on. Applying classical optimization methods (such as GaussSeidel and gradient-based techniques) on such experiments showed that those methods are not well suited to be adopted in experimental optimization, mainly due to noisy measurements and/or multimodality. They realized modifying all the variables at same time via a random manner (e.g., small modifications are more frequent than larger ones). This was the seminal idea to bring to light the first, two membered, evolution strategy, which was initially used on a discrete problem (optimization of a kinked plate in a wind tunnel) and was handled without computers. Some time later, Schwefel expanded the idea toward evolution strategies to deal with numerical/parametric optimization and, also, has helped to formalize it as it is known nowadays. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hans-Paul_Schwefel"

Hans-Peter Kriegel
Hans-Peter Kriegel (1 October 1948, Germany) is a German computer scientist and professor at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and leading the Database Systems Group in the Department of Computer Science. His most important contributions are the database index structures R*-tree, X-tree and IQ-Tree, the cluster analysis algorithms DBSCAN, OPTICS and SUBCLU and the anomaly detection method Local Outlier Factor (LOF). In 2009 the Association for Computing Machinery appointed Hans-Peter Kriegel a "fellow", one of its highest

14 Hans Georg Bock honors. He has been honored in particular for his contributions to "knowledge discovery and data mining, similarity search, spatial data management, and access methods for high-dimensional data". He is the most cited German researcher in databases and data mining. His current research is focused around correlation clustering, high-dimensional data indexing and analysis, spatial data mining and spatial data management as well as multimedia databases. His research group publishes a Java software framework titled Environment for DeveLoping KDD-Applications Supported by Index-Structures (ELKI) that is designed for the parallel research of index structures, data mining algorithms and their interaction, such as optimized data mining algorithms based on databases indexes. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hans-Peter_Kriegel"

Hans Georg Bock

Hans Georg Bock (born May 9, 1948) is a German university professor for mathematics and scientific computing. He is managing director of the Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing of the University of Heidelberg since 2005, and has been vice managing director from 1993 to 2004. Hans Georg Bock is a member of the European Mathematical Society's committee for developing countries (CDC-EMS) and responsible member for the region of Asia therein. In appreciation of his merits with respect to Vietnamese-German relations and his role in the establishment of high performance scientific computing in Vietnam, he was awarded the honorary degree of the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology in 2000. In 2003, he was awarded the Medal of Merit of the Vietnamese Ministry for Education and Training. problem methods for parameter estimation in systems of nonlinear differential equations) completed under the supervision of Jens Frehse and Roland Z. Bulirsch, he received a Ph.D. in applied mathematics from the University of Bonn in 1986. After staying in Heidelberg for two years as a visiting professor for numerical mathematics from 1987 to 1988, he accepted a full professorship at the University of Augsburg. In 1991 Hans Georg Bock accepted a call onto the chair for scientific computing and optimization at the University of Heidelberg. non-standard optimization and optimal control problems such as stability optimization of gait patterns, computational methods for the cultural heritage, and applications in aerospace, mechanical and biomechanical engineering, chemical and process engineering, systems biology, and biomedicine.

Teaching and supervision

Academic profile
Hans Georg Bock graduated from University of Cologne in 1974 with a diploma thesis in mathematics titled "Numerische Optimierung zustandsbeschrnkter parameterabhngiger Prozesse mit linear auftretender Steuerung unter Anwendung der Mehrzielmethode" (Numerical optimization of state-constrained parameter-dependent processes with linearly entering controls by application of the direct multiple shooting method) completed under the supervision of professor Roland Z. Bulirsch. With his Ph.D. thesis "Randwertproblemmethoden zur Parameteridentifizierung in Systemen nichtlinearer Differentialgleichungen" (Boundary-value

Under the supervision of Hans Georg Bock, more than 70 diploma theses and more than 30 doctoral theses have been completed. Of his former Ph.D. students, 12 received professorships from German and international higher educaResearch tion institutions. Hans Georg Bock authored or co-auHans Georg Bock rendered outstandthored more than 170 scientific publica- ing services to the development of tions. In particular, his scientific work structured, internationally linked, and comprises advances in the fields of interdisciplinary doctoral programs by adaptive discretization and approx- several innovations like the mentoring imate Newton-type methods for system in his positions as speaker of large-scale optimization, diverse research training groups of the simultaneous or one-shot methods Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for DAE and PDE constrained non- since 1992 and as director of the Heidellinear optimization and optimal con- berg Graduate School of mathematical trol problems, and computational methods for the sci real-time computation of con- ences since November 2007. strained closed-loop control problems subject to DAE and PDE, es- Particularities pecially nonlinear model predictive In honor of the 60th birthday of Hans Georg Bock and Rolf Rancontrol, nacher, the MOSOCOP 08 confer numerical methods for state and paence was hosted in Heidelberg from rameter estimation, and optimal exJuly 21 to July 25, 2008. perimental design for DAE and The direct multiple shooting method PDE, is often referred to as Bock's direct numerical methods for differential multiple shooting method. algebraic equations (DAE), nonlinear mixed-integer dynamic Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hans_Georg_Bock" optimization, optimization under uncertainty,

Hans Hagen 15

Hans Hagen
Hans Hagen is a professor of computer editor in chief of IEEE Transactions on org/wiki/Hans_Hagen" science at the University of Kaiser- Visualization and Computer Graphics. slautern. From 1999 to 2003 he was the Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia.

Hans Meuer
Hans Meuer is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Mannheim, general manager of Prometeus GmbH and general chairman of the International Supercomputing Conference. In 1986, he became co-founder and organizer of the first Mannheim Supercomputer Conference, which has been held annually ever since. Hans Meuer served as specialist, project leader, group and department chief during his 11 years at the Jlich Research Centre, Germany. For the following 26 years, he was director of the computer center and professor for computer science at the University of Mannheim, Germany. Since 1998, he has been managing director of Prometeus GmbH. Hans Meuer studied mathematics, physics and politics at the universities of Marburg, Giessen and Vienna. In 1972, he received his doctorate in mathematics from the Rheinisch Westflische Technical University (RWTH) of Aachen. Since 1974, he has been professor of mathematics and computer science at the University of Mannheim with specialization in software engineering. For more than 20 years, he has been involved intensively in the areas of supercomputing / parallel computing. In 1993, Hans Meuer started the TOP500 initiative together with Erich Strohmaier, Horst Simon and Jack Dongarra. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hans_Meuer"

Hans Witsenhausen
Hans S. Witsenhausen is notable for his work in the fields of control and information theory, and their intersection. He has many foundational results including the intrinsic model in stochastic decentralized control, the Witsenhausen counterexample, his work on Turn graph, and the various notions of common information in information theory. He was born in Frankfurt/Main, Germany, on May 6, 1930. He received the I.C.M.E. degree in electrical engineering in 1953 and the degree of Licencie en Sciences in mathematical physics in 1956, both from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. He received the S.M. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts institute of Technology, Cambridge, in 1964 and 1966, respectively From 1957 to 1959 he was engaged in problem analysis and programming at the European Computation Center, Brussels. From 1960 to 1963 he was a Senior Engineer at the Research and Computation Division of Electronic Associates, inc., Princeton, N.J., where he worked on analog and hybrid computer techniques and on systems analysis problems. From 1963 to 1965 he was associated with the Electronic Systems Laboratory and the Lincoln Laboratory at MIT During 19651966 he was a fellow of the Fannie and John Hertz Foundation. This biography appears in his paper. Currently, he has retired from active research. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hans_Witsenhausen"

Harald Ganzinger
Harald Ganzinger (October 31, 1950 June 3, 2004) was a German computer scientist that together with Leo Bachmair developed the superposition calculus, which is (as of 2007) used in most of the state-of-the-art automated theorem provers for first-order logic. He received his Ph.D. from the Technical University of Munich in 1978. Before 1991 he was a Professor of Computer Science at University of Dortmund. Then he joined the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science in Saarbrcken shortly after it was founded in 1991. Until 2004 he was the Director of the Programming Logics department of the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science and honorary professor at Saarland University. His research group created the SPASS automated theorem prover. He received the Herbrand Award in 2004 (posthumous) for his important contributions to automated theorem proving. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Harald_Ganzinger"

16 Hartmut Neven

Hartmut Neven
Hartmut Neven (born 1964 in Aachen, Germany) is a scientist working in computational neurobiology, robotics and computer vision. He is best known for his work in face and object recognition. He is currently Director of Engineering at Google. the tutelage of Christoph von der Malsburg. search technologies and is the engineering manager for Google Goggles. Teams led by Neven have repeatedly won top scores in government sponsored tests designed to determine the most accurate face recognition software. In 2006 Neven started to explore the application of quantum computing to hard combinatorial problems arising in machine learning. In collaboration with D-Wave he developed the first image recognition system based on quantum algorithms. It was demonstrated at SuperComputing07. At NIPS 2009 his team demonstrated the first binary classifier trained on a quantum processor. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hartmut_Neven"

Work

Neven was assistant professor of computer science at the University of Southern California at the Laboratory for Biological and Computational Vision. Later Education he returned as the head of the LaboraHartmut Neven studied Physics and tory for Human-Machine Interfaces at Economics in Kln, Paris, Tbingen, USCs Information Sciences Institute. Aachen, Jerusalem and Brazil. He wrote Neven co-founded two companies, his Master thesis on a neuronal model Eyematic for which he served as CTO of object recognition at the Max Planck and Neven Vision which he initially led Institute for Biological Cybernetics un- as CEO. At Eyematic he developed der Valentino Braitenberg. In 1996 he real-time facial feature analysis for received his Ph.D. from the Institute for avatar animation. Neven Vision pioNeuroinformatics at the Ruhr Univer- neered mobile visual search for camera sity in Bochum, Germany, for a thesis phones and was acquired by Google in on "Dynamics for vision-guided au- 2006. Today he manages a team respontonomous mobile robots" written under sible for advancing Googles visual

Hartmut Surmann
Hartmut Surmann (born 1963 in Dlmen, Germany) is a Roboticist, Professor for Autonomous Systems at Applied University of Gelsenkirchen and Researcher at the Fraunhofer Institut Intelligente Analyse- und Informationssystem (IAIS). His primary research interests are autonomous mobile robotics and computational intelligence. He received several awards, e.g., the FUZZIEEE/IFES'95 robot intelligence award, NC2001 best presentation award, SSRR Biography 2005 best paper award and the Ph.D. award for his thesis from the German AI Education institutes in 1996. His robot KURT3D Surmann received his diploma in Comwon the second place in the RoboCup puter Science and his PhD in Electrical rescue robot league at the world cham- Engineering from the University of pionship in Lisbon in 2004. He leads the Dortmund, Germany, in 1989 and 1995, international rescue robotic team during respectively. collapse of the historical archive of the Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Hartmut_Surmann" city of cologne in march 2009.

Holger H. Hoos
Holger H. Hoos is a German-Canadian computer scientist and a professor in the Computer Science Department at the University of British Columbia. His research interests are focused on empirical algorithmics with applications in artificial intelligence, bioinformatics and operations research. In particular, he works on automated algorithm design and on stochastic local search algorithms. He wrote the book Stochastic Local Search: Foundations and Applications (with Thomas Sttzle), and his research is published widely in internationally leading journals and conference proceedings. He also works in computer music, where he created the SALIERI music programming language and computer music system (with Thomas Helbich, Jrgen Kilian and Kai Renz) as well as GUIDO music notation (with Keith Hamel). Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Holger_H._Hoos"

Horst Zuse
Horst Zuse (b. November 17, 1945 in Bad Hindelang) is a professor of Computer Science at the Technical Univer-

Ingo Rechenberg 17 sity of Berlin (Technische Universitt Berlin) and the son of the noted computer scientist Konrad Zuse. He first studied electrical engineering. Later on he completed his PhD on software metrics. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Horst_Zuse"

Ingo Rechenberg
Ingo Rechenberg (born January 20, 1934 in Berlin) is a German computer scientist and professor. Rechenberg is a pioneer of the fields of evolutionary computation and artificial evolution. In the 1960s and 1970s he invented a highly influential set of optimization methods known as evolution strategies (from German Evolutionsstrategie). His group successfully applied the new algorithms to challenging problems such as aerodynamic wing design. These were the first serious technical applications of artificial evolution, an important subset of the still growing field of bionics. Rechenberg was educated at the Technical University of Berlin and at the University of Cambridge. Since 1972 he has been a full professor at the Technical University of Berlin, where he is heading the Department of Bionics and Evolution Techniques. His awards include the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Evolutionary Programming Society (US, 1995) and the Evolutionary Computation Pioneer Award of the IEEE Neural Networks Society (US, 2002). In 1954, Rechenberg also became world champion in the field of model aeroplanes. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Ingo_Rechenberg"

Ingo Wegener
Ingo Wegener (* December 4, 1950 in Bremen; November 26, 2008 in Bielefeld) was an influential German computer scientist working in the field of theoretical computer science.

Awards and honors

For his merits on teaching and research in the field of theoretical computer science, he earned in 2006 the Konrad Zuse medal from the German society

for computer science, the "Gesellschaft fr Informatik". Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Ingo_Wegener"

Jochen Liedtke
Jochen Liedtke (1953 10 June 2001) was a German computer scientist, noted for his work on microkernels, especially the creation of the L4 microkernel family. Liedtke's work on the ELAN programming language in the 1970s led him to create Eumel, an innovative runtime environment for Elan. In 1984, he joined the GMD (Gesellschaft fr Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung, or Society for Mathematics and Information technology, which is now a part of the Fraunhofer Society) and began working on L3, a successor to Eumel. At a time when microkernels were losing favour because of the relatively high cost of message passing, he demonstrated that careful design and implementation could drastically reduce IPC costs. He also proposed using a hierarchy of external pagers (page fault handlers), an important feature of modern microkernels. Liedtke also worked on computer architecture, inventing guarded page tables as a means of implementing a sparsely-mapped 64-bit address space. In 1996, Liedtke completed a PhD on guarded page tables at the Technical University of Berlin. He then joined the Thomas J. Watson Research Center where he began work on L4. In 1999, he became a professor at the University of Karlsruhe. He died in a car accident in 2001. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Jochen_Liedtke"

Juergen Pirner
One sense of Jabberwock disambiguates to here. For the later, two-time winner of the same prize, see Jabberwacky. Juergen Pirner (born 1956) is the German creator of Jabberwock, a chatterbot that won the 2003 Loebner prize. Pirner created Jabberwock modelling the Jabberwocky from Lewis Carroll's poem of the same name. Initially, Jabberwock would just give rude or fantasy-related answers; but over the years, Pirner has programmed better responses into it. As of 2007 he has taught it 2.7 million responses. Pirner lives in Hamburg, Germany. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Juergen_Pirner"

18 Jrg-Rdiger Sack

Jrg-Rdiger Sack
Jrg-Rdiger Wolfgang Sack (born in Duisberg, Germany) is a professor of computer science at Carleton University, where he holds the SUNNSERC chair in Applied Parallel Computing. Sack received a masters degree from the University of Bonn in 1979 and a Ph.D. in 1984 from McGill University, under the supervision of Godfried Toussaint. He is co-editor-in-chief of the journals Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications and the Journal of Spatial Information Science, co-editor of the Handbook of Computational Geometry (Elsevier, 2000, ISBN 9780444825377), and co-editor of the proceedings of the biennial Algorithms and Data Structures Symposium (WADS). Sack's research interests include computational geometry, parallel algorithms, and geographic information systems. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/J%C3%B6rg-R%C3%BCdiger_Sack"

Kai Krause
institute in Santa Barbara, California (1996), and a honorary doctorate from the University of Essen, Germany (1999). Today Kai Krause lives and works in the 1000-year-old castle Burg Rheineck near Bonn in Germany, which he called Byteburg. In February 2005, the "DEMO" conference acknowledged him as one of the Top 15 Innovators of the last 15 years. 1992. HSC went on to release a second version of KPT, and the first version of Bryce, and several other titles before changing their name to Metatools in 1995. This name remained until 1997, when a rapid series of mergers with Fractal Design, RayDream, Specular, and RTG (Real-Time Geometry) necessitated a new identity for the growing organization: MetaCreations. For the rest of the 1990s, MetaCreations continued to develop a wide variety of successful graphical software titles. Application and interfaces for which Krause was most directly responsible include Kai's Power Tools, Live Picture, Bryce, Kai's Power Show, Kai's Power Goo, Convolver, Kai's Photo Soap and Poser.

History

Krause significantly broadened convenKai Krause (left) demonstrates Bryce to tional notions of the graphical user inselected guests at a German computer terface by applying innovative design fair. Photo: Maximilian Schnherr, ca. principles and providing realtime inter1995 action for the user, neither of which were widely deployed in the 1980s beKai Krause (born 1957) is a software cause of the low graphics abilities of the Software and graphical user interface designer, current hardware, and most users found them too oblique to learn and remem Kais Power Tools is now published best known for founding MetaCreations ber. Krause's products pioneered user by Corel Corporation, as "The Corel Corp., his Kais Power Tools series of interface techniques like soft shadows, KPT Collection". products, and for his contributions to rounded corners, and translucency, KPT Bryce is now published by graphical user interface design. which were adopted in the Aqua of Mac DAZ 3D, as simply "Bryce". OS X in 2001, and later became com- Kai's Power Show, Kai's Photo Soap Biography and Kai's Power Goo are now propBorn in Dortmund, Germany, Krause mon in Windows XP and Linux. The company which he co-founded, erty of Nuance Communications. moved to the California, United States MetaCreations Corp., began as HSC They have been discontinued. in 1976. He worked with early synthesizers and vocoders. He worked on al- Software, which released the first ver- Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. most thirty records and movies. Krause sion of Kai's breakthrough product, org/wiki/Kai_Krause" has a Masters degree from the Brooks Kai's Power Tools (a.k.a "KPT"), in

Karl Steinbuch 19

Karl Steinbuch
implications of modern media. predicted the coming education disaster of the emerging civic lobby society. Karl Steinbuch coined the term Informatik, the German word for Computer Science, in 1957. Awards: Wilhelm-Boelsche award - medal in Gold German non-fiction book award Gold medal award of the XXI. International Congresses on Aerospace Medicine Konrad Adenauer award of science Jakob Fugger award medal Medal of merit of the state of BadenWuerttemberg member, German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina member, International Academy of Science. grants from a state government grants program, named KarlSteinbuch-Stipendium Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Karl_Steinbuch"

Biography
Steinbuch studied at the University of Stuttgart and in 1944 he received his Phd in physics. In 1948 Steinbuch joined the Standard Elektrik Lorenz (SEL, part of the ITT group) in Stuttgart as a computer design engineer and later as a director of R&D, filing more than 70 patents. There Steinbuch completed the first European fully transistorized computer ER 56, marketed by SEL. In 1958 he became professor and director Karl Steinbuch. of the institute of technology for information processing (ITIV) of the UniverDr. Karl W. Steinbuch (June 15, sity of Karlsruhe, where he retired in 1917 in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt - June 1980. 4, 2005 in Ettlingen) was a German In 1967 by his indictment-like bestcomputer scientist, cyberneticist, and selling book, and later by other bestsellelectrical engineer. He is one of the pio- ing books, he tried to influence the Gerneers of the German computer science, man education policy. Together with as well as with his Lernmatrix an early books from colleagues like Jean Ziegler pioneer of artificial neural networks. from Switzerland, Eric J. Hobsbawm Steinbuch also wrote about the societal from UK, and John Naisbitt his books

Klaus Dittrich
Klaus R. Dittrich (December 30, 1950 November 20, 2007) was a German computer scientist. 1982 he earned his Ph.D. at Universitt Karlsruhe, Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization. He was heading the database department Biography Research Center for Information TechAfter his high school graduation at nologies at University of Karlsruhe Gymnasium Mnchberg he studied at from 1985 to 1989. University of Karlsruhe where he reSince 1989 he has been a Professor of ceived his diploma degree (M.Sc.) in Computer Science at the University of Computer Science. Zurich and head of the Database Technology Research Group. Klaus R. Dittrich took sabbatical leaves at Stanford University and Hewlett Packard Labs (1996), at Universit degli Studi di Milano and at Boeing (2002). 1999 he was guest professor at Aalborg University. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Klaus_Dittrich"

20 Klaus Knopper

Klaus Knopper
tionality from my passport is austrian, not german, though I will absolutely not complain about being listed as "german engineer", because I was born and have lived in Germany all of my life", - says Klaus Knopper. Knopper is the creator of Knoppix, a well-known live CD Linux distribution. He received his diploma in electrical engineering from the Kaiserslautern University of Technology (in German: Technische Universitt Kaiserslautern), co-founded LinuxTag in 1996 (a major European Linux expo) and has been a self-employed information technology consultant since 1998. He also teaches at the Kaiserslautern University of Applied Sciences. Knopper is married to Adriane Knopper, who has a visual impairment. She has been assisting Knopper with a version of Knoppix for blind and visually impaired people, released in the third quarter of 2007 as a Live CD. Her name has been given to the distribution: Adriane Knoppix. Adriane is rather a desktop or "Nongraphical-userinterface" for blind computer beginners than a "distribution". It will work on top of any GNU/Linux distribution that has a screenreader (Preferably SBL) and some text-based tools for internet access and normal work. Nowadays, Knoppix is mainly used on USB-Flashdisk, and the DVD iso version is the main distribution media, though the CD-Version still exists as a start or base for other live-distris. Therefore "a well-known live CD Linux distribution" may not be entirely appropriate. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Klaus_Knopper"

Klaus Knopper (2011) Klaus Knopper (born 1968 in Ingelheim) is a German electrical engineer and free software developer. "My na-

Klaus Samelson
Klaus Samelson (December 21, 1918 May 25, 1980) was a German mathematician, physicist, and computer pioneer in the area of programming language translation and push-pop stack algorithms for sequential formula translation on computers. Dr Samelson became interested in Numerical Analysis, and when Hans Piloty, an electrical engineer, and Robert Sauer, a professor of Mathematics, began working together, he joined and got involved in early computers as a research associate in the Mathematical Institute of the Technical University Early life Munich. He was born in Strasbourg, Alsace, and This changed his scientific career. he lived in Breslau in his early child- His first publications came from Sauer's hood years. Due to political circum- interests dealing with supersonic flow stances, he waited until 1946 to study and precision problems of digital comMathematics and Physics at the Ludwig putations for numerical calculations of Maximilian University of Munich in Eigenvalues. Munich. Soon after, Samelson's strong influence began on the development of ComCareer puter Science and Informatics as a new After graduating, he worked shortly as scientific discipline. With Friedrich L. a high school teacher before he returned Bauer, who also had Fritz Bopp as his to university. He completed his doctor- Ph.D. advisor, he studied the structure ate degree in Physics with Fritz Bopp of programming languages in order to with a dissertation on a quantum me- develop efficient algorithms for their chanical problem posed by Arnold translation and implementation. This reSommerfeld related to Unipolar Induc- search led to bracketed structures and tion. it became clear to Samelson that this principle should govern the translation of programming languages and the runtime system with stack models and block structure. It was a fundamental breakthrough in how computer systems are modeled and designed. Piloty, Bauer and Samelson had also worked on the design of PERM, a computer based partially on the Whirlwind concept. By 1955, the PERM was completed and they continued work that Bauer had begun in 1951 on concepts in automatic programming. Samelson played a key role in the design of ALGOL 58 and ALGOL 60. In 1958, he accepted a chair for Mathematics at the University of Mainz, and since 1963 he held a chair at the Technical University Munich where he and F.L. Bauer, began to develop a university curriculum for Informatics and Computer Science. He was involved with international standards in programming and informatics through IFIP. He became an editor of the journal Acta Informatica when it began in 1971.

Konrad Zuse 21

Selected publications
Alan J. Perlis, Klaus Samelson, Preliminary Report: International Algebraic Language, Communications of the ACM 1(12): 8-22 (1958) Klaus Samelson, Friedrich L. Bauer, Sequentielle Formelbersetzung ("Sequential Formula Translation"), Elektronische Rechenanlagen 1(4): 176-182 (1959) Edsger W. Dijkstra, W. Heise, Alan J. Perlis, Klaus Samelson, ALGOL Sub-Committee Report - Extensions. Communications of the ACM 2(9): 24 (1959) Friedrich L. Bauer, Klaus Samelson: The problem of a common language, especially for scientific numeral work, IFIP Congress 1959: 120-124 John W. Backus, Friedrich L. Bauer, Julien Green, C. Katz, John McCarthy, Alan J. Perlis, Heinz Rutishauser, Klaus Samelson, Bernard Vauquois, Joseph Henry Wegstein, Adriaan van Wijngaarden, Michael Woodger, Report on the Algorithmic Language ALGOL 60", Communications of the ACM 3(5): 299-314, 1960 Sequential Formula Translation, Klaus Samelson, Friedrich L. Bauer, Communications of the ACM 3(2):

76-83, 1960 gust 9-12, 1976, Proceedings, Comments on ALGOL 60 MainteSpringer, 1976 nance and Revisions, ALGOL Bul- Rupert Gnatz, Klaus Samelson, letin, Issue 12, April 1961 Methoden der Informatik fr Rech Klaus Samelson, Programming Lanneruntersttztes Entwerfen und Konguages and their Processing, IFIP struieren, GI-Fachtagung, Mnchen, Congress 1962: 487-492 19./21. Oktober 1977, Springer, Jrgen Eickel, Manfred Paul, 1977 Friedrich L. Bauer, Klaus Samelson, Klaus Samelson, Entwicklungslinien A Syntax Controlled Generator of in der Informatik, GI Jahrestagung Formal Language Processors, Com1978, pp. 132-148 munications of the ACM 6(8): Friedrich L. Bauer, Manfred Broy, 451-455, 1963 Walter Dosch, Rupert Gnatz, Bernd John W. Backus, Friedrich L. Bauer, Krieg-Brckner, Alfred Laut, M. Julien Green, C. Katz, John Luckmann, T. Matzner, Bernhard McCarthy, Alan J. Perlis, Heinz Mller, Helmuth Partsch, Peter PepRutishauser, Klaus Samelson, per, Klaus Samelson, Ralf SteinBernard Vauquois, Joseph Henry brggen, Martin Wirsing, Hans Wegstein, Adriaan van WijngaarWssner, Programming in a Wide den, Michael Woodger, Peter Naur, Spectrum Language: A Collection of Revised Report on the Algorithmic Examples, Sci. Comput. Program. Language ALGOL 60, Communica1(1-2): 73-114 (1981) tions of the ACM 6(1): 1-17, 1963 Klaus Samelson, Friedrich L. Bauer, Friedrich L. Bauer, Klaus Samelson, Sequential Formula Translation, Language Hierarchies and Inter(Reprint). Communications of the faces, International Summer School, ACM 26(1): 9-13 (1983) Marktoberdorf, Germany, July 23 - The Munich Project CIP: Volume I: August 2, 1975 Springer, 1976 the wide spectrum language CIP-L, Klaus Samelson, ECI Conference Springer-Verlag, 1986 1976, Proceedings of the 1st Euro- Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. pean Cooperation in Informatics, org/wiki/Klaus_Samelson" Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Au-

Konrad Zuse
Konrad Zuse (German pronunciation: [knat tsuz]; (19101995) was a German civil engineer and computer pioneer. His greatest achievement was the world's first functional program-controlled Turing-complete computer, the Z3, which became operational in May 1941. Zuse was also noted for the S2 computing machine, considered the first process-controlled computer. He founded one of the earliest computer businesses in 1941, producing the Z4, which became the world's first commercial computer. In 1946, he designed the first high-level programming language, Plankalkl. In 1969, Zuse suggested the concept of a computation-based universe in his book Rechnender Raum (Calculating Space). Much of his early work was financed by his family and commerce, but after 1939 he was given resources by the Nazi German Government. Due to World War II, Zuse's work went largely unnoticed in the UK and the US. Possibly his first documented influence on a US company was IBM's option on his patents in 1946. There is a replica of the Z3, as well as the original Z4, in the Deutsches Museum in Munich. The Deutsches Technikmuseum in Berlin has an exhibition devoted to Zuse, displaying twelve of his machines, including a replica of the Z1 and several of Zuse's paintings.

Pre-WWII work and the Z1

Zuse Z1 replica in the German Museum of Technology in Berlin Born in Berlin, Germany 22 June 1910, he moved with his family in 1912 to Braunsberg, East Prussia, where his father was a postal clerk. Zuse attended

22 Konrad Zuse the Collegium Hosianum in Braunsberg. In 1923, the family moved to Hoyerswerda, where he passed his Abitur in 1928, qualifying him to enter university. He enrolled in the Technische Hochschule Berlin-Charlottenburg and explored both engineering and architecture, but found them boring. Zuse then pursued civil engineering, graduating in 1935. For a time he worked for the Ford Motor Company, using his considerable artistic skills in the design of advertisements. He started work as a design engineer at the Henschel aircraft factory in Berlin-Schnefeld. This required the performance of many routine calculations by hand, which he found mindnumbingly boring, leading him to dream of performing calculations by machine. Working in his parents' apartment in 1936, his first attempt, called the Z1, was a floating point binary mechanical calculator with limited programmability, reading instructions from a perforated 35 mm film. In 1937 Zuse submitted two patents that anticipated a von Neumann architecture. He finished the Z1 in 1938. The Z1 contained some 30,000 metal parts and never worked well, due to insufficient mechanical precision. The Z1 and its original blueprints were destroyed during WWII. Between 1987 and 1989, Zuse recreated the Z1, suffering a heart attack midway through the project. It cost 800,000 DM, and required four individuals (including Zuse) to assemble it. Funding for this retrocomputing project was provided by Siemens and a consortium of five companies. University during 1939-41. The Z3, the first fully operational electromechanical computer, was partially financed by German governmentsupported DVL (Deutsche Versuchsanstalt fr Luftfahrt, i.e. German Experimentation-Institution for Aviation), which wanted their extensive calculations automated. A request by his co-worker Helmut Schreyer who had helped Zuse build the Z3 prototype in 1938 for government funding for an electronic successor to the Z3 was denied as "strategically unimportant". In 1937 Schreyer had advised Zuse to use vacuum tubes as switching elements; Zuse at this time considered it a crazy idea ("Schnapsidee" in his own words). Zuse's company (with the Z1, Z2 and Z3) was destroyed in 1945 by Statue of Zuse in Bad Hersfeld an Allied air attack. The partially finished, relay-based Z4, which Zuse had Zuse completed his work entirely in- begun constructing in 1942, had been dependently of other leading computer moved to a safe location earlier. Work scientists and mathematicians of his on the Z4 could not continue in the exday. Between 1936 and 1945, he was in treme privation of post-war Germany, near-total intellectual isolation. In 1939, and it was not until 1949 that he was Zuse was called for military service, able to resume work on it. He showed it where he was given the resources to ul- to the mathematician Eduard Stiefel of timately build the Z2. Zuse built the Z2, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technola revised version of the Z1, using tele- ogy Zurich (Eidgenssische Technische phone relays. In 1941 he started a com- Hochschule (ETH) Zrich) who ordered pany, Zuse Apparatebau (Zuse Appa- one in 1950. On 8 November 1949 Zuse ratus Engineering), to manufacture his KG was founded. The Z4 was delivered machines. to ETH Zurich on 12 July 1950, and Improving on the basic Z2 machine, proved very reliable. he built the Z3 in 1941. It was a binary 22-bit floating point calculator featuring S1 and S2 programmability with loops but without In 1940, the German government began conditional jumps, with memory and a funding him through the Aerodynamiscalculation unit based on telephone re- che Versuchsanstalt (AVA, Aerodylays. The telephone relays used in his namic Research Institute, forerunner of machines were largely collected from the DLR), which used his work for the discarded stock. Despite the absence of production of glide bombs. Zuse built conditional jumps, the Z3 was a Turing the S1 and S2 computing machines, complete computer (ignoring the fact which were special purpose devices that no physical computer can be truly which computed aerodynamic correcTuring complete because of limited tions to the wings of radio-controlled storage size). However, Turing-com- flying bombs. The S2 featured an inpleteness was never considered by Zuse tegrated analog-to-digital converter un(who had practical applications in der program control, making it the first mind) and only demonstrated in 1998 process-controlled computer. (see History of computing hardware). These machines contributed to the The first electronic computer (though Henschel Werke Hs 293 and Hs 294 not programmable) was the Atanasoff developed by the German military bemachine developed at Iowa State

The Z2, Z3, and Z4

Kurt Mehlhorn 23 tween 1941 and 1945, which were the Zuse's workshop at Neukirchen (situaprecursor to the modern cruise missile. tion January 2010) The circuit design of the S1 was the predecessor of Zuse's Z11. Zuse believed that these machines had been captured by occupying Soviet troops in 1945. (translated into English as Calculating Space). This idea has attracted a lot of attention, since there is no physical evidence against Zuse's thesis. Edward Fredkin (1980s), Jrgen Schmidhuber (1990s), Stephen Wolfram (A New Kind of Science) and others have expanded on it. Zuse received several awards for his work. After he retired, he focused on his hobby, painting. Zuse died on 18 December 1995 in Hnfeld, Germany, near Fulda.

Plankalkl
While working on his Z4 computer, Zuse realised that programming in machine code was too complicated, so he designed the first high-level programming language, Plankalkl ("Plan Calculus"), in 1945/6. This was first published in 1948, although not in its entirety until 1972. It was a theoretical contribution, since the language was not implemented in his lifetime and did not directly influence subsequent early languages. One of the inventors of ALGOL (Heinz Rutishauser) wrote: "The very first attempt to devise an algorithmic language was undertaken in 1948 by K. Zuse. His notation was quite general, but the proposal never attained the consideration it deserved." No compiler or interpreter was available for Plankalkl until a team from the Free University of Berlin implemented one in 2000.

Magnetic drum storage inside a Z31 (which was first displayed in 1963).

Awards
Werner-von-Siemens-Ring in 1964 (together with Fritz Leonhardt and Walter Schottky) Harry H. Goode Memorial Award in 1965 (together with George Stibitz) Bundesverdienstkreuz in 1972 Great Cross of Merit Computer History Museum Fellow Award in 1999

In 1946 Zuse founded one of the earliest computer companies: the Zuse-Ingenieurbro Hopferau. Capital was raised through ETH Zurich and an IBM option on Zuse's patents. Zuse founded another company, Zuse KG in Haunetal-Neukirchen in 1949; in 1957 the companys head office moved to Bad Hersfeld. The Z4 was finished and delivered to the ETH Zurich, Switzerland in September 1950. At that time, it was the only working computer in continental Europe, and the second Marriage and family computer in the world to be sold, only Konrad Zuse married Gisela Brandes in beaten by the BINAC, which never January 1945 - employing a carriage, worked properly after it was delivered. himself dressed in tailcoat and top hat Other computers, all numbered with a and with Gisela in wedding veil, for leading Z, up to Z43, were built by Zuse Zuse attached importance to a "noble and his company. Notable are the Z11, ceremony." Their son Horst, the first of which was sold to the optics industry five children, was born in November and to universities, and the Z22, the first 1945. computer with a memory based on magnetic storage. Zuse the entrepreneur By 1967, the Zuse KG had built a total of 251 computers. Due to financial problems, the company was then sold to Siemens.

Zuse Year 2010

The 100th anniversary of the birth of this computer pioneer was celebrated by exhibitions, lectures and workshops to remember his life and work and to bring attention to the importance of his invention to the digital age. The movie Tron: Legacy, which revolves around a world inside a computer system, also features a character named Zuse, presumably in honour of Konrad Zuse. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Konrad_Zuse"

Calculating Space
In 1967 Zuse also suggested that the universe itself is running on a grid of computers (digital physics); in 1969 he published the book Rechnender Raum

Kurt Mehlhorn
Kurt Mehlhorn (born August 29, 1949 in Ingolstadt, Germany) is a German computer scientist. He has been a vice

24 Manfred Broy president of the Max Planck Society and governors of Jacobs University Bremen. is director of the Max Planck Institute He won the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for Computer Science. Prize in 1986, the Karl Heinz Beckurts Award in 1994, the Konrad Zuse Medal Education in 1995, and the EATCS Award in Mehlhorn graduated in 1971 from the 2010. He was named a Fellow of the Technical University of Munich, where Association of Computing Machinery he studied computer science and math- in 1999, a member of the Berlin-Branematics, and earned his Ph.D. in 1974 denburg Academy of Sciences in 2001, from Cornell University under the su- and a member of the German Academy pervision of Robert Constable. Since of Sciences Leopoldina in 2004. He has 1975 he has been on the faculty of Saar- received honorary doctorates from the land University in Saarbrcken, Ger- Otto von Guericke University of many, where he was chair of the com- Magdeburg in 2004 and the University puter science department from 1976 to of Waterloo in 2006. 1978 and again from 1987 to 1989. Since 1990 has been the director of the Research Max Planck Institute for Computer Mehlhorn is the author of several books Science, also in Saarbrcken. He has and over 250 scientific publications,. been on the editorial boards of ten jour- which include fundamental contribunals, a trustee of the International Com- tions to Data structures, computational puter Science Institute in Berkeley, Cal- geometry, computer algebra, parallel ifornia, and a member of the board of computing, VLSI design, computational complexity, combinatorial optimization, and graph algorithms. Mehlhorn has been an important figure in the development of algorithm engineering and is one of the developers of LEDA, the Library of Efficient Data types and Algorithms. Mehlhorn has played an important role in the establishment of several research centres for computer science in Germany. He was the driving force behind the establishment of a Max Planck Institute for Computer Science in Germany, the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science (MPII). Mehlhorn is managing director of the institute and heads the department of algorithms and complexity. He also initiated the research center for computer science at Dagstuhl and the European Symposium on Algorithms. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Kurt_Mehlhorn"

Manfred Broy
Manfred Broy (born 10 August 1949 at Landsberg am Lech) is a German computer scientist. Broy is a professor in the Institut fr Informatik at the Technische Universitt Mnchen, Garching, Germany. Automotive Software Workshop, Series. Series III, Computer and SysASWSD 2004, San Diego, CA, USA, tems Sciences, 180) by Germany) January 1012, 2004, Revised NATO Advanced Study Institute on Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Engineering Theories of Software Science) by Manfred Broy, Ingolf Construction (2000: Marktoberdorf), Krger, and Michael Meisinger Tony Hoare, Manfred Broy, and (2006) Ralf Steinbruggen (2001) Calculational System Design Engineering Theories of Software (NATO Science Series: Computers Intensive Systems: Proceedings of & Systems Sciences) (NATO ASI the NATO Advanced Study Institute Series Series III, Computer and Syson Engineering Theories of Software tems Sciences) by Germany) NATO Intensive Systems, II: MathematAdvanced Study Institute on Calcuics, Physics and Chemistry) by Manlational System Design (1998: fred Broy, Johannes Gruenbauer, Marktoberdorf), Manfred Broy, and David Harel, and Tony Hoare (2005) R. Steinbruggen (2000) Kindle Book Constructive Methods in Computing Formal Methods in Programming Science: International Summer and their Applications: InternationSchool (NATO ASI series. Series F, al Conference, Academgorodok, Computer and systems sciences) by Novosibirsk, Russia June 28 July Manfred Broy (1989) 2, 1993: Proceedings (Lecture Notes Deductive Program Design (NATO in Computer Science) by Manfred ASI Series / Computer and Systems Broy, Dines Bjrner, and Igor V. Sciences) by Manfred Broy (1996) Pottosin (1993) Engineering Theories of Software Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. Construction (NATO Science org/wiki/Manfred_Broy"

Selected books
Model-Based Testing of Reactive Systems: Advanced Lectures (Lecture Notes in Computer Science) by Manfred Broy, Bengt Jonsson, Joost-Pieter Katoen, Martin Leucker, and Alexander Pretschner (2005) Software Pioneers by Manfred Broy and Ernst Denert (2002) Software Systems Reliability and Security Volume 9, NATO Security through Science Series: Information and Communication Security (Nato Security Through D: Information and Communication Security) by Manfred Broy, Johannes Grunbauer, and Tony Hoare (2007) Automotive Software-Connected Services in Mobile Networks: First

Marcus Hutter 25

Marcus Hutter
Marcus Hutter (born 1967) is a German computer scientist and professor at the Australian National University. Hutter was born and educated in Munich, where he studied physics and computer science. In 2000 he joined Jrgen Schmidhuber's group at the Swiss Artificial Intelligence lab IDSIA, where he developed the first mathematical theory of optimal Universal Artificial Intelligence, based on Kolmogorov complexity and Ray Solomonoff's theory of universal inductive inference. In 2006 he also accepted a professorship at the Australian National University in Canberra. Hutter's notion of universal AI describes the optimal strategy of an agent that wants to maximize its future expected reward in some unknown dynamic environment, up to some fixed future horizon. This is the general reinforcement learning problem. Solomonoff/Hutter's only assumption is that the reactions of the environment in response to the agent's actions follow some unknown but computable probability distribution. action: shorter (kolmogorov complex- method is essentially as fast as the unity) computable theories have more known fastest program for solving weight when calculating the expected problems from the given class, save for value of an action across all computable an additive constant independent of the theories which perfectly describe previ- problem instance. For example, if the ous observations. problem size is n, and there exists an At any time, given the limited ob- initially unknown program that solves servation sequence so far, what is the any problem in the class within n comBayes-optimal way of selecting the next putational steps, then Hutter's method action? Hutter proved that the answer is will solve it within 5n + O(1) steps. The to use Solomonoff's universal prior to additive constant hidden in the O() nopredict the future, and execute the first tation may be large enough to render the action of the action sequence that will algorithm practically infeasible despite maximize the predicted reward up to the its useful theoretical properties. horizon. He called this universal algoSeveral algorithms approximate rithm AIXI. AIXI in order to make it run on a modThis is mainly a theoretical result. To ern computer, at the expense of its perovercome the problem that fect optimality. Solomonoff's prior is incomputable, in 2002 Hutter also published an asymp- Hutter Prize for Lossless totically fastest algorithm for all well- Compression of Human defined problems. Given some formal Knowledge description of a problem class, the al- On August 6, 2006, Hutter announced gorithm systematically generates all the Hutter Prize for Lossless Comproofs in a sufficiently powerful ax- pression of Human Knowledge with iomatic system that allows for proving an initial purse of 50,000 Euros, the intime bounds of solution-computing pro- tent of which is to encourage the adgrams. Simultaneously, whenever a vancement of artificial intelligence proof has been found that shows that through the exploitation of Hutter's theUniversal artificial intelligence a particular program has a better time ory of optimal universal artificial intelHutter uses Solomonoff's inductive in- bound than the previous best, a clever ligence. ference as a mathematical formalization resource allocation scheme will assign Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. of Occam's razor. Hutter adds to this most of the remaining search time to org/wiki/Marcus_Hutter" formalization the expected value of an this program. Hutter showed that his

Markus Kuhn
Markus G. Kuhn (born 1971 in Munich) is a German computer scientist, currently teaching and researching at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory. A graduate of the University of Erlangen (Germany), he received his MSc at Purdue University (Indiana, US) and PhD at the University of Cambridge (England, UK). He is a Fellow of Wolfson College, Cambridge. Kuhn's main research interests include computer security, in particular the hardware and signal-processing aspects of it, and distributed systems. He is known, among other things, for his work on security microcontrollers, compromising emanations, and distancebounding protocols. He developed the Stirmark test for digital watermarking schemes, the OTPW one-time password system, and headed the project that extended the X11 misc-fixed fonts to Unicode. In 1987 and 1988, he won the German national computer-science contest, and in 1989, he won a gold medal for the West German team at the International Olympiad in Informatics. In 1994, as an undergraduate student, he became known for developing several ways to circumvent the VideoCrypt encryption system, most notably the Season7 smartcard emulator. In 2002, he published a new method for eavesdropping CRT screens. In 2010 Kuhn was asked to analyze the ADE-651, a device used in Iraq that was said to be a bomb-detecting device; he found that it contained nothing but an anti-theft tag and said that it was "impossible" that the device could detect anything whatsoever. He is also known for some of his work on international standardization, such as pioneering the introduction of

26 Martin Odersky Unicode/UTF-8 under Linux.. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Markus_Kuhn"

Martin Odersky
Martin Odersky (born 5 September 1958) is a German computer scientist and professor of programming methods at the EPFL. He specialises in code analysis and programming languages. In 1989 Odersky received his Ph.D. from the ETH Zurich. He designed the Scala programming language and Generic Java, and built the current generation of javac, the Java compiler. In 2007 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. In 2011, Odersky founded Typesafe, a company to support and promote Scala. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Martin_Odersky"

Matthias Ettrich
Matthias Ettrich (born 14 June 1972 in Bietigheim-Bissingen, Baden-Wrttemberg) is a German computer scientist known for his contributions to the KDE and LyX projects. hard Karls University of Tbingen. Linux, he started to explore different ways to improve the graphical user interface, which ultimately led him to the KDE project. Ettrich founded KDE in 1996, when he proposed on Usenet a "consistent, nice looking free desktopenvironment" [sic] for Unix-like systems using Qt as its widget toolkit. On 6 Nov 2009, Ettrich was decorated with the Federal Cross of Merit for his contributions to Free Software. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Matthias_Ettrich"

Career
He currently resides in Berlin, Germany. He works for Nokia on the Qt graphical widget toolkit and the Qt Creator IDE.

School
Matthias went to School in Beilstein, as he lived with his parents in Oberstenfeld, not too far away from the place he was born. He passed the Abitur in 1991. Ettrich studied for his MSc in Computer Science at the Wilhelm Schickard Institute for Computer Science at the Eber-

Free software projects

Ettrich founded and furthered the LyX project in 1995, initially conceived as a university term project. LyX is a graphical frontend to LaTeX. Since LyX's main target platform was

Michael Baumgardt
Michael Baumgardt, born September 12, 1966 in Berlin, Germany, is an internationally known Desktop Publishing and Web Design expert who has written over 20 books. Trautonium, and a round table interview with the leading American manufacturers of synthesizers. In 1991, at the age of 23, Baumgardt was officially promoted to editor-inchief of Keys, making him one of the Biography youngest editor-in-chiefs in Europe. In 1989, Baumgardt helped to launch The Keys magazine was also one of Keys, a keyboard and computer mag- the first magazines in Germany to fully azine in Germany while also working utilize Desktop Publishing. Designed by as editor for SOUND CHECK, another Vera Waldmann, the magazine was also musician magazine by the same pub- one of the most stylish magazines on lisher (PPV). Keys was competing at the market at that time, using for examthat time with the much larger and more ple neon colors on the cover years beestablished German Keyboards maga- fore the American Wired magazine was zine. Under Baumgardt's creative and launched. Having graduated with a deeditorial direction, the Keys magazine sign degree, Baumgardt was actively inbecame a trendsetter magazine regarded volved in this process, creating many of widely as the best magazine on modern the illustrations inside and on the cover. music electronic. Among the many no- He gradually became more involved in table articles that Keys featured was an the design and production process, creinterview with Oskar Sala, the German ating a complete redesign of the magacomposer and inventor of the Mixtur- zine, pushing the envelope of design for special interest magazines at that time. With this experience and know-how, Baumgardt left his position as editor-inchief of Keys and started together with Alexandra Richter an advertising agency in Munich, which, over the years, worked for many clients from the fashion, clothing and media industry, including accounts like Rebook, MAC, Premiere TV and many more. While working as a designer, Baumgardt started writing for PAGE magazine, Germany's largest Desktop Publishing magazine. He contributed many of the articles for the monthly magazine, becoming very well known in the DTP community and establishing himself as an expert. In 1994 he also started a book publishing company for Computer Music & Electronic. The first title, Key Report (written by Hans-Joachim Schaefer and Lars Wagner), was a collection of vintage and current synthesizers.

Michael E. Auer 27 However, Baumgardt left the agency and his publishing company to pursue his music. In 1991 he moved to Boston, USA, to study at Berklee College for Music . He continued writing for PAGE as their US correspondent, a position that he held for many years. Other magazines he wrote for include Internet World , Print Process , KONR@D, c't , Mac Design and Photoshop User . At that time he also started writing computer books on Desktop Publishing. In only a few years he became the most well known and sought after author in Germany. His books were widely regarded as the best books on the subjects. At one point, three of his books were listed at the same time in the top ten best-selling computer graphic book list. Among his many titles were books on QuarkXPress (Addison-Wesley, 1998 ), Illustrator (Addison-Wesley, 1997 ), Fractal Painter (ITP, 1995), DTP kreativ!(Springer, 1996 ), Web Design kreativ! (Springer, 1997 ) and Web Design mit Photoshop 5 (Addison Wesley, 1998 ). Drawn by the Internet Boom he moved in 1996 to New York and published his first book in English (Creative Web Design, Springer Publishing, 1997 ), a computer book on web design and HTML. Having designed all his books, Baumgardt transcended the barriers of books and magazine by including interviews with the leading Web Designer and Information Architects, like Clement Mok and Marc Crumpacker (Studio Archetype). The book that leads to his international breakthrough was Web Design with Photoshop 5.5. First published in Germany for Photoshop 5.0 (in 1998), it was picked up by Peachpit Press in the US for version 5.5 of Photoshop and was soon published internationally in Chinese, Korean, Spanish, Portuguese and many other languages. Today many consider Baumgardt the leading expert in his field. Scott Kelby, editor-in-chief for Photoshop User magazine, and a well-known Photoshop expert, said about Web Design with Photoshop: Probably the most comprehensive book on Web Design with Photoshop ever written, and in my opinion the best book on the subject. Every Web designer should have a copy. In the Photoshop CS1 release (version 8) of Photoshop, Adobe included one of his tutorials in the Welcome Screen. Baumgardt has been also a speaker at several of the Photoshop World Conferences . In 2004 he published QuarkXPress 6 for Print and Web (Peachpit Press), which was highly praised by Shellie Hall , the official Xpress evangelist of Quark. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Michael_Baumgardt"

Michael E. Auer
Michael E. Auer (born 1948 in Weimar) is a German computer scientist and engineering educator and professor at the Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Austria. He is the head of the Center of Competence (CoC) Online Laboratories at Carinthia University of Applied Sciences. In June 2006 Michael Auer was elected as President and CEO of the International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE). He is founder and chair of the annual International Conference Interactive Computer aided Learning (ICL) in Villach / Austria, chair of the steering committee of the annual International Conference Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV). Under his guidance international teams developed a Joint European Master Study Program Remote Engineering (EU project MARE) and a Joint European Bachelor Study Program Information Technology (EU project BIT2010). He is editor-in-chief of the International Journals of Online Engineering (iJOE), Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) and Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM). He also acts as an associated editor for Middle and Eastern Europe of the European Journal of Open and Distance Learning (EURODL). Michael E. Auer received his Ing. degree (1971) and his Ph.D. degree (1975) with a thesis on "Design and Analysis of ECL Circuits" from Dresden University of Technology. From 1974-91 he was an assistant professor at the faculties Electrical Engineering and Informatics of this University. From 1991-95 he was with F+O Electronic Systems GmbH, Heidelberg (Head of software department). His research was related to high-speed digital circuits (ECL), real time and network programming, embedded systems, system- and network administration of heterogeneous networks, telelearning/teleteaching, remote working environments. In 1995 Michael Auer was appointed Professor of Electrical Engineering of the School of Electronics at Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Villach, Austria and has also a teaching position at the University of Klagenfurt. He works as a visiting professor at the Universities of Amman (Jordan), Braov, (Romania) and Patras, (Greece). Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Michael_E._Auer"

Michael Kohlhase
Dr. Michael Kohlhase (born Septem- cobs University, Bremen, Germany, and Reasoning for Content) at the ber 13, 1964 in Erlangen) is a German where he is head of the KWARC re- School of Engineering and Science. computer scientist and professor at Ja- search group (Knowledge Adaptation

28 Michael Klling

Academic Positions
Dr. Michael Kohlhase is president of the OpenMath Society and a trustee of the Interest Group for Mathematical Knowledge Management (MKM). He was a trustee of the Conference on Automated Deduction and the CALCULEMUS Interest Group. He has been Conference Chair of CADE-21 and Program Chair of the KI-2006, MKM-2005, and CALCULEMUS-2000 conferences and has served on the Programme Committees of more than three dozen international conferences. He has authored or edited four books and published almost 100 peer-reviewed papers. Michael holds an adjunct associate professorship at Carnegie Mellon University and was (20062008) vice director of the Department of Safe and Secure Cognitive Systems at German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Lab Bremen.

sterdam, the University of Edinburgh, Research interests and SRI International. From 2000-2003, he has conducted research and taught at the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, where he was appointed to an adjunct associate professor. In September 2003 he was appointed as Professor of Computer Science at International University Bremen (Jacobs University Bremen as of 2007), and in 2006 he was a founding member of German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Bremen, where he is vice director of the Department of Safe and Secure Cognitive Sys- Michael Kohlhase explains the semantems. tic search engine MathWebSearch

Awards and Stipends

2000 3-year Heisenberg-Stipend of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). 1996 AKI-prize, dissertation prize of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft deutscher KI-Institute (AKI) Academic career Dr. Michael Kohlhase obtained a degree 1991 in Mathematics (1989) from University dissertation stipend of the Studiensof Bonn, a doctorate (1994) and habil- tiftung (German National Academic itation (1999) in Computer Science at Foundation) Saarland University. He has pursued his 1986 doctoral and post-doctoral research in masters stipend of Studienstiftung extended research visits at Carnegie Mellon University, University of Am-

Dr. Michael Kohlhase's current research interests include Automated theorem proving and knowledge representation for mathematics, inference-based techniques for natural language processing and semantics, and computer-supported education. Much of his concrete work is based on web-based content markup formats like MathML, OpenMath, and OMDoc and systems for managing this data, e.g. semantic search engines for mathematical formulae, semantic extensions to LaTeX, or converting legacy LaTeX documents from the arXiv. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Michael_Kohlhase"

Michael Klling
Michael Klling is a professor and software developer currently with the School of Computing at the University of Kent. Originally from Bremen, Germany, he is also a key member of the team that developed the BlueJ and Greenfoot Java learning environments. BlueJ is used in over 900 institutions world wide. Klling was also involved in the development of the Blue programming language which was an object-oriented programming language that was developed especially for teaching. This led on to what is now BlueJ. BlueJ is currently being maintained by a joint team at the University of Kent in Canterbury and Deakin University in Melbourne, Australia. Launched in 2006, Greenfoot is an environment created for teaching programming and computer science concepts and is targeted for a demographic of 15 years old and up. The software is available in both English and German. Klling co-wrote Objects First with Java (4th edition), with David J. Barnes, which has been translated into six languages, including German, Italian, French and Dutch. BlueJ is available in over a dozen languages. At the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group of Computer Science Education (SIGCSE) 2010 conference, held in Milwaukee, WI, his work was referenced as one of the most influential tools in the history of computer science education. This paper described Klling's work on the Blue programming language, which preceded BlueJ.

Microsoft Patent issue

On the 22nd May 2005 Klling made an entry to the BlueJ website in response to a post on Dan Fernandez's blog (Lead Product Manager - Visual Studio Express). Fernandez described a new feature of Visual Studio 2005 that "helps you understand objects at Design Time, rather than runtime." This feature had striking similarities to the way the ob-

Michael Ley 29 ject test bench functions within BlueJ. Klling did not act on the discovery. However, on May 11, 2006 Microsoft attempted to patent the idea. As the object test bench is essential to the way it functions, had Microsoft's patent been granted, it was likely that BlueJ would have had to have been discontinued. Klling spoke to Microsoft, namely Jane Prey, and eventually the patent was dropped. Fernandez posted a response on his blog where he says "the patent application was a mistake and one that should not have happened. To fix this, Microsoft will be removing the patent application in question. Our sincere apologies to Michael Klling and the BlueJ community." rian Pearcey Award for his development of BlueJ. Klling holds an honorary research position at Deakin University. Klling took part in a debate titled "Resolved: Objects First has failed" at SIGCSE in 2005. He believes that "Objects First has not failed. We have failed to do it". Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Michael_K%C3%B6lling"

Miscellany
Klling received a "Best PhD Thesis Award" in 2000 from The Computing Research and Education Association of Australasia Klling was awarded the first Victo-

Michael Ley
Michael Ley is a lecturer at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Trier (Germany). His primary interests are database systems, information retrieval, digital libraries and electronic publishing. Ley is the principal developer of the Digital Bibliography & Library Project (DBLP), a widely used computer science bibliography website hosted at the University of Trier. For his development of DBLP, Ley received the SIGMOD Contribution award from the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in 2003 and the VLDB Endowment Special Recognition Award in 1997. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Michael_Ley"

Michael M. Richter
ticular in knowledge-based systems and case-based reasoning (CBR, Fallbasiertes Schlieen). He is worldwide known as pioneer in case-based reasoning. and Visiting Professor at the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil. In this time 64 students completed their PhD thesis and 293 students their diploma and masters thesis under his supervision. Many of them now hold professorships in various parts of the world. In his spare time he goes running and has run many marathons.

Life
Richter studied mathematics 19591965 at the University of Mnster and the University of Freiburg, where he completed his Ph.D. on Mathematical Logic under the supervision of Walter Felscher and he performed his Habilitation in 1973 in Mathematics at the University of Tbingen. After teaching at the University of Texas at Austin he was Professor for Mathematics at the RWTH Aachen from 1975 to 1986. 1986 he accepted a chair for Computer Science at the University of Kaiserslautern where he was teaching until his retirement in 2003. He was several times teaching at Austin, Florianopolis and Calgary. He was also teaching at the University of St. Gallen from 1994 to 2000 on Decision Support and Operations Research. Presently he is Adjunct Professor at the University of Calgary

Activities
From 1981 to 1985 Michael Richter was President of the German Association of Mathematical Logic and Basic Research in the Exact Sciences (DVMLG Deutsche Vereinigung fr Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der exakten Wissenschaften). Starting 1987 he was for five years co-initiator and co-chair of an annual series of conferences Logic in Computer Science. In 1989 Michael Richter became head of the research group Mathematical Logic (until 2004) from the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften). There he continued and extended the Omega Bibliography,

Michael M. Richter Michael M. Richter (* June 21, 1938 in Berlin) is a German mathematician and computer scientist. Richter is well known for his career in mathematical logic, in particular non-standard analysis, and in artificial intelligence, in par-

30 Michael Stal a world wide unique scientific collection containing all publications in Mathematical Logic since 1889 in classified way. In Kaiserslautern he was member of the managing committee of two consecutive special research groups of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): Artificial Intelligence and Development of Large Systems with Generic Methods. In 1988 he was one of the founders of the DFKI at Kaiserslautern, the German Research Center on Artificial Intelligence, the first scientific director and later on head of the Intelligent Engineering Group. He was one of the forerunners in turning static expert systems into flexible assistant systems. An outstanding project was ARC-TEC: Acquisition, Representation and Compilation of Technical Knowledge. After 1990, his university group was participating in literally all major European projects on Case-Based Reasoning. The most influential project was Highlights of the European INRECA Projects (Inductive Reasoning on Cases), where a basic methodology was developed. In 1993 the group initiated the first European Workshop on CaseBased Reasoning in Kaiserslautern (EWCBR) which was after that a biannual event and complemented by the International Conferences on CBR (ICCBR 2007). In Software Engineering his group concentrated on process modeling. In his group the MILOS-System was developed. It was leading in process modeling and is now substantially extended by Frank Maurer in Calgary to the system MASE. Together with his student Aldo v. Wangenheim he created the Cyclops group, that worked on image understanding, and developed new tools based on configuration system. This research gave now rise to various applications and is heavily continued in Florianopolis, Brazil. Around 1990 Michael Richter started to work on Case-Based Reasoning. Initially, it was an extension of the work on technical expert systems. He introduced several basic concepts and views in CBR. A very influential one was the notion knowledge containers. It is basic for building and maintaining CBR systems. He made several important and systematic contributions to the notion of similarity. These include the relation of similarity measures to general concepts of uncertainty and the knowledge contained in similarity measures. On the foundational side his group related similarity to utility and Michael Richter gave a formal semantics of similarity in terms of utilities. Since 1990 Michael Richter was concerned with combining basic research and useful applications. As an example, his group founded tecinno company Work (now empolis) which is a very successIn logic Michael Richter specialized on ful company in selling CBR and non-standard analysis where he wrote a knowledge management. monograph and created with his student B. Benninghofen the Theory of Super- Some major publications infinitesimals. Under the influence of Michael M. Richter has written numerW.W. Bledsoe he became interested in ous publications in Mathematics, GenArtificial Intelligence. In Aachen he de- eral Computer Science, Artificial Intelveloped the first and still only program ligence, Medical Informatics and Operto apply rewrite rules to group theory. ations Research. He has written and/or edited 25 books. Some influential publications are: B. Benninghofen, Michael M. Richter: A general theory of superinfinitesimals. Fundamenta Mathematicae 128 (1987), pp. 199-215. The Knuth-Bendix Completion Procedure, the Growth Function and Polycyclic Groups. In: Proc. Logic Colloquium 86, ed. F. Drake, J. Truss, North-Holland Publ. Co. pp. 261-275. B. Benninghofen, S. Kemmerich, Michael M. Richter: Systems of Reductions. SLN in Computer Science 277 (1987); 265 + VII p. Michael M. Richter, S. Wess: Similarity, Uncertainty and Case-Based Reasoning in PATDEX. In: R. S. Boyer (Ed.), Automated Reasoning, Essays in Honor of Woody Bledsoe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991. Recent Developments in CaseBased Reasoning: Improvements of Similarity Measures. In: New Approaches in Classification and Data Analysis, ed. E. Diday, Y. Lechevallier, M. Schader, P. Bertrand, B. Burtschy, Springer Verlag 1994, S. 594-601. Michael M. Richter, Agnar Aamodt: Case-based reasoning foundations. Knowledge Engineering Review,20:3 Cambridge University Press, p. 203-207 (2006). Foundations of Similarity and Utility. Proc. Flairs 07, AAAI Press Similarity. In: Case-Based Reasoning for Signals and Imaging, ed. Petra Perner, Springer Verlag 2007, pp.25-90. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Michael_M._Richter"

Michael Stal
Michael Stal (born 1963 in Munich) is German computer scientist. He received a Ph.D title from the University of Groningen which appointed him an Honorary Professorship for Software Engineering in 2010 . Stal is currently working for the Corporate Technology department of Siemens AG and as a professor at University of Groningen. He is editor-in-chief of the Java programming language magazine JavaSPEKTRUM . Stal co-authored the book series Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture. Volume 1 A System of Patterns book introduced Architecture Patterns, classified different categories of Design Patterns, and a method how to use Pattern Systems. Volume 2 addresses Patterns for

Osmar R. Zaiane 31 Concurrent and Distributed Objects. terns, Wiley & Sons, 1996, ISBN Works In addition to Software architecture, Michael Stal Understanding and An0471958697 his research fields comprise Distributed alyzing Software Architecture (of Douglas C. Schmidt, Michael Stal, computing middleware, Systems inteHans Rohnert , Frank Buschmann Distributed Systems) using Patterns, gration, Programming languages, and Pattern-Oriented Software ArchitecRijksuniversiteit Groningen, 2007, Programming paradigms. Stal has been ture - Patterns for Cuncurrent and ISBN 9789036729802 member of the Object Management Frank Buschmann, Regine Meunier, Networked Objects, Wiley & Sons, Group and participated in the standard2000, ISBN 0471606952 Hans Rohnert, Peter Sommerlad, ization of C++. Michael Stal Pattern-Oriented Soft- Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. ware Architecture - A System of Pat- org/wiki/Michael_Stal"

Osmar R. Zaiane
Osmar R. Zaiane (born April 11, 1965 in Bad Kissingen, Germany) is a renowned researcher, computer scientist, Professor at the University of Alberta specializing in Data Mining and Machine Learning. He is currently the Secretary Treasurer of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (SIGKDD) and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the SIGKDD Explorations publication from 2008 to 2010. He was also the Associate Editor of the same publication from 2004 to 2007. A former PhD student of Professor Jiawei Han, he did his PhD on knowledge discovery from data at Simon Fraser University. He is since 1999 a professor in the Department of Computing Science at the University of Alberta in Canada, and is the Scientific Director of the Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Machine Learning. In 2009 he obtained the IEEE ICDM Outstanding Service Award, as well as the 2010 ACM SIGKDD Service Award the following year. He has also written the most cited paper in the history of the research area of educational data mining. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Osmar_R._Zaiane"

Pascal Costanza
Pascal Costanza is a researcher at the Programming Technology Lab, Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel. He is known in the field of functional programming in LISP as well as in the aspect-oriented programming (AOP) community for contributions to this field by applying AOP through Lisp . More recently, he has developed Context-oriented programming, with Robert Hirschfeld. His past involvements include specification and implementation of the languages Gilgul and Lava, and the design and application of the JMangler framework for load-time transformation of Java class files. He has also implemented ContextL, the first programming language extension for Context-oriented Programming based on CLOS, and aspect-oriented extensions for CLOS. He is furthermore the initiator and lead of Closer, an open source project that provides a compatibility layer for the CLOS MOP across multiple Common Lisp implementations. He has also coorganized numerous workshops on Unanticipated Software Evolution, Aspect-Oriented Programming, Object Technology for Ambient Intelligence, Lisp, and redefinition of computing. He has a Ph.D. degree from the University of Bonn, Germany. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Pascal_Costanza"

32 Peter Baumann (computer scientist)

Peter Baumann (computer scientist)

member, Commission for the Man- array databases. agement and Application of Geoscience Information, a Commission of Research interests the International Union of Geological Sciences representative of Jacobs University Bremen in Kompetenzzentrum Geoinformatik Niedersachsen member, e-SDDC (Global Alliance for Enhancing Access to and Application of Scientific Data in Developing Countries) of UN-GAID Peter Baumann

Academic career

Baumann obtained a degree in ComputPeter Baumann (born 1960 in er Science (1987) from Technical Rosenheim) is a German computer sci- University of Munich, a doctorate entist and professor at Jacobs Universi- (1993) in Computer Science at Darmty, Bremen, Germany, where he is head stadt University of Technology while of the Databases and Web Services working with Fraunhofer Institute for group at the School of Engineering and Computer Graphics. He has pursued Science. post-doctoral activities in both industry and academia, working for Softlab Academic Positions Group in Munich (now Cirquent) and as Baumann is professor of Computer Assistant Head of the Knowledge Bases Science at Jacobs University, Bremen, Research Group of FORWISS (BavarGermany and founder and CEO of ras- ian Research Center for Knowledgedaman GmbH. based Systems) / Technical University He has authored and co-authored 65+ of Munich where he was deputy to Prof. book chapters and papers on array (aka Rudolph Bayer, Ph.D. Among Dr. Peter raster) databases and further fields, and Baumann's entrepreneurial acitivites has given tutorials on raster databases was founding of the spin-off company worldwide. rasdaman GmbH for commercialization Baumann is active in many bodies of the world's first multi-dimensional concerned with scientific data access: array database system. In August 2004 member, Open Geospatial Consor- he was appointed as Professor of Comtium; functions: puter Science at Jacobs University Bre chair, Coverage Processing Ser- men (formerly: International University vice Working Group Bremen). co-chair, Coverages Working Awards and Patents Group co-chair, Web Coverage Service European IT Prize 1998 Revision Working Group Jos Schepens Memorial Award 1998 (WCS.RWG) Innovation Prize of the Bavarian founding member and secretary, State Government 1998 CODATA Germany Founders Competition Multimedia member, advisory board, GDI-HB 1998 (geo data infrastructure for Bremen) Baumann holds international patents on

3-D cutout from an x/y/t satellite image timeseries datacube of approx. 10,000 AVHRR images Baumann's current research interests include scalable database and Web service support for large, multi-dimensional arrays, including algebraic modeling, query language, query optimization, system architecture, and applications such as earth sciences and life sciences. As part of this research, standardization of geo raster services is being addressed. As such, it is related to Dimensional databases, however with a distinct focus on spatio-temporal, multi-dimensional raster graphics data, rather than business data. Much of his concrete work is implemented and benchmarked in the framework of the rasdaman array DBMS. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Peter_Baumann_(computer _scientist)"

Raimund Seidel
Raimund G. Seidel is a professor of computer scientist at the Universitt des Saarlandes and an expert in computa-

Reinhard Wilhelm 33 tional geometry. Seidel was born in Graz, Austria, and studied with Hermann Maurer at the Graz University of Technology. He received his Ph.D. in 1987 from Cornell University under the supervision of John Gilbert. After teaching at the University of California, Berkeley, he moved in 1994 to Saarland. In 1997 he and Christoph M. Hoffmann were program chairs for the ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry. Seidel invented backwards analysis of randomized algorithms and used it to analyze a simple linear programming algorithm that runs in linear time for problems of bounded dimension. With his student Cecilia R. Aragon in 1989 he devised the treap data structure, and he is also known for the Kirkpatrick Seidel algorithm for computing two-dimensional convex hulls. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Raimund_Seidel"

Reinhard Wilhelm
Reinhard Wilhelm (born June 5, 1946) is a German computer scientist. includes animation and visualization of academy of sciences (Academia algorithms and data structures. Wilhelm Europaea) in 2008. October of the same discovered connections between code year he was awarded an honorary docselection and the theory of regular tree torate of the RWTH Aachen. In Decemautomata, which is relevant for code ber, he obtained an honorary degree of generation using tree automata. He is Tartu university. In September 2009, he one of the co-developers of the MUG1, was awarded the Konrad-Zuse medal MUG2 and OPTRAN compiler genera- for his achievements in research and edtors, which are based on attribute gram- ucation with respect to compiler conmars. Together with Ulrich Mncke, he struction, real time analysis of programs proposed grammar flow analysis as a and his service as scientific director of generalization of interprocedural data the LZI/Schloss Dagstuhl. In 2010 he flow analysis. He invented a popular was awarded the Cross of the Order of shape analysis based on three-valued Merit of the Federal Republic of Gerlogic together with Mooly Sagiv and many. Tom Reps. Wilhelm is co-author of the book List of books Compiler Construction which teaches Jacques Loeckx, Kurt Mehlhorn, Reinhard Wilhelm: Foundations of not only compilers for imperative lanProgramming Languages 1989 guages, but for object oriented, functional and logical ones as well and Reinhard Wilhelm: Informatics - 10 Years Back. 10 Years Ahead. stresses theoretical foundation. It is Springer 2001 available in German and French, too. Wilhelm became a fellow of the Reinhard Wilhelm, Helmut Seidl: Compiler Design: Virtual Machines, ACM in 2000 for his research on comSpringer 2011 piler construction and program analysis and his work as a scientific director of Helmut Seidl, Reinhard Wilhelm, Sebastian Hack: Compiler Design: the LZI. The TU Darmstadt and the Analysis and Transformation, Fraunhofer-Institut fr Graphische Springer 2011 Datenverarbeitung awarded him with the Alwin-Walther medal in 2006. In Helmut Seidl, Reinhard Wilhelm, Sebastian Hack: Compiler Design: 2007 the French Ministry of Education Syntactic and Semantic Analysis, and Research awarded him with the Springer 2011 Gay-Lussac-Humboldt prize for his contributions to science and his Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. achievements in GermanFrench coop- org/wiki/Reinhard_Wilhelm" eration in research and education. He became a member of the European

Life and work

Wilhelm was born in Deutmecke, Westphalia. He studied math, physics and mathematical logic at University of Mnster and computer science at Technical University Munich and Stanford University. He finished his PhD at TU Munich in 1977. In 1978, he obtained a professorship at Saarland University where he leads the chair for programming languages and compiler construction until today. In addition, Wilhelm has held the post of scientific director of the Leibniz Center for Informatics at Schloss Dagstuhl since its inception in 1990. Wilhelm is one of the co-founders of the European Symposium on Programming (ESOP) and the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS). The European Association for Programming Languages (EAPLS) goes back to his idea to found an organization for advancing research on programming languages and programming systems. In 1998, he founded AbsInt, a research spin-off that offers software for verification of time-critical properties of embedded systems, used for example for certification of the timecritical systems inside the Airbus A380. Wilhelm's research focuses on programming languages, compiler construction, static program analysis and embedded real time systems, but also

Rudi Studer
Rudi Studer (born 1951 in Stuttgart) is a German computer scientist and professor at KIT, Germany. He is the head of the knowledge management research group at the Institute AIFB and one of the directors of the Karlsruhe Service

34 Rudolf Bayer Research Institute (KSRI). He is former president of the Semantic Web Science Association, and a member of numerous programme committees and editorial boards. He was one of the inaugural editor-in-chiefs of the Journal of Web Semantics, a position he held until 2007. He is a co-author of the Semantic Wikipedia proposal. He obtained a degree (1975) and a PhD (1982) in Computer Science at the University of Stuttgart. From 1985 to 1989 he was project leader and manager at IBM Germany, Institute of Knowledge Based Systems. November 1989 he became professor in Karlsruhe. Since then, he led his research group to become one of the world leading institutions in Semantic Web technology, and he played a leading role in establishing highly acknowledged international conferences and journals in this area. Rudi Studer is also director in the department Information Process Engineering at and one of the presidents of the FZI Research Center for Information Technologies at the University of Karlsruhe as well as co-founder of the spin-off company ontoprise GmbH that develops semantic applications. He is a former member of the L3S Learning Lab Lower Saxony in Hannover. He is a member of AAAI, ACM, IEEE, IFIP Working Group on Databases (WG 2.6), and German Informatics Society (GI). His current research interests span over the main topics important for Semantic Web technology, including knowledge management, knowledge engineering, discovery and learning, ontology management, data and text mining, semantic web services, and peer-to-peer systems. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Rudi_Studer"

Rudolf Bayer
Rudolf Bayer (born 7 May 1939) has been Professor (emeritus) of Informatics at the Technical University of Munich since 1972. He is famous for inventing three data sorting structures: the B-tree (with Edward M. McCreight), Award. the UB-tree (with Volker Markl) and Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. the red-black tree. org/wiki/Rudolf_Bayer" Bayer is a recipient of 2001 ACM SIGMOD Edgar F. Codd Innovations

Sebastian Thrun
Sebastian Thrun (born 1967 in Solingen, Germany) is a Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University and director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (SAIL). He led the development of the robotic vehicle Stanley which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge, and which is exhibited in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. His team also developed Junior, which placed second at the DARPA Urban Challenge in 2007. Thrun led the development of the Google self-driving car. Thrun is also known for his work on probabilistic programming techniques in robotics, with applications including robotic mapping. In recognition of his contributions, and at age 39, Thrun was elected into the National Academy of Engineering and also into the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2007. In 2011, Thrun received the MaxPlanck-Research Award. and the inaugural AAAI Ed Feigenbaum Prize. Fast Company selected Thrun as the fifth most creative person in business in the world. endowed professorship, the Finmeccanica Associate Professor of Computer Science and Robotics. Thrun left CMU in July 2003 to become an associate professor at Stanford University and was appointed as the director of SAIL in January 2004. Since 2007, Thrun has been a full professor of computer science and electrical engineering at Stanford. He is also a Google Fellow, and has worked on development of the Google driverless car system. Research Thrun developed a number of autonomous robotic systems that earned him international recognition. In 1994, he started the University of Bonn's Rhino project together with his doctoral thesis advisor Armin B. Cremers. In 1997 Thrun and his colleagues Wolfram Burgard and Dieter Fox developed the world's first robotic tourguide in the Deutsches Museum Bonn (1997). In 1998, the follow-up robot "Minerva" was installed in the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History in

Biography
Education Thrun received his Vordiplom (associate degree) in computer science, economics, and medicine, from the University of Hildesheim in 1988. At the University of Bonn, he completed a Diplom (masters degree) in 1993 and a PhD (summa cum laude) in 1995 in computer science and statistics. Career In 1995 he joined the Computer Science Department at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). In 1998 he became an assistant professor and co-director of the Robert Learning Laboratory at CMU. As a faculty member at CMU, he cofounded the Master's Program in Automated Learning and Discovery, which later would become a Ph.D. program in the broad area of Machine Learning and Scientific Discovery. In 2001 Thrun spent a sabbatical year at Stanford University. He returned to CMU to an

Susanne Albers 35 Washington, DC, where it guided tens of thousands of visitors during a twoweek deployment period. Thrun went on to found the CMU/Pitt Nursebot project, which fielded an interactive humanoid robot in a nursing home near Pittsburgh, PA. In 2002, Thrun helped develop mine mapping robots in a project with his colleagues William L. Whittaker and Scott Thayer, two research professors at Carnegie Mellon University. After his move to Stanford University in 2003, he engaged in the development of the robot Stanley, which in 2005 won the DARPA Grand Challenge. His former graduate student Michael Montemerlo, who was co-advised by William L. Whittaker, led the software development for this robot. In 2007, Thrun's robot "Junior" won second place in the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge. Thrun joined Google as part of a sabbatical, together with several Stanford students. At Google, Thrun codeveloped Google Street View. Thrun's best known contributions to robotics are on the theoretical end. Thrun contributed to the area of probabilistic robotics, a field that marries statistics and robotics. Thrun and his research group made substantial contributions in areas of mobile robot localization, mapping (SLAM), and control. Probabilistic techniques have since become mainstream in robotics, and are used in numerous commercial applications. In the Fall of 2005, Thrun published a textbook entitled Probabilistic Robotics together with his long-term co-workers Dieter Fox and Wolfram Burgard. Since 2007, a Japanese translation of Probabilistic Robotics has been available on the Japanese market. Thrun is one of the principal investors of the Stanford spin-off VectorMagic Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Sebastian_Thrun"

Susanne Albers
Susanne Albers is a German theoretical computer scientist and professor of computer science at Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin. Albers studied mathematics, computer science, and business administration in Osnabrck and received her Ph. D. (Dr. rer. nat.) in 1993 at Saarland University under the supervision of Kurt Mehlhorn. Until 1999 she was associated with the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science and held visiting and postdoctoral positions at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley, Free University of Berlin, and University of Paderborn. In 1999 she received her habilitation and accepted a position at Dortmund University. From 2001 to 2009 she was professor of computer science at Albert-LudwigsUniversitt Freiburg. Since 2009 she has been at Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin. Albers research is in the design and analysis of algorithms, especially online algorithms, approximation algorithms, algorithmic game theory and algorithm engineering. In 1993 she received the Otto Hahn Medal from the Max Planck Society, and in 2008 the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize from the German Research Foundation, considered the highest German research prize and including a grant of 2.5 million euro. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Susanne_Albers"

Sven Koenig (computer scientist)

Sven Koenig is a full professor in computer science at the University of Southern California. He received an M.S. degree in computer science from the University of California at Berkeley in 1991 and a Ph.D. degree in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1997, advised by Reid Simmons. ics. models. His papers on the subject are highly cited due to their pioneering nature and the subsequent wide adoption of probabilistic robot navigation approaches. After his dissertation, Koenig laid a broad foundation for incremental heuristic search in artificial intelligence with the development of search algorithms such as Lifelong Planning A* (LPA*), D* Lite, Adaptive A* (AA*) and Fringe-Saving A* (FSA*). The ideas behind his incremental heuristic search algorithm D* Lite, for example, have been incorporated by others into a variety of path planning systems in robotics, including Carnegie Mellon University's winning entry in the DARPA Urban Challenge. Koenig is also known for his work

Scientific Achievements

In his pre-dissertation work, Koenig applied Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to artificial intelligence planning. The standard textbook in artificial intelligence, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (second edition), Research states "The connection between MDPs Koenig is an artificial intelligence and and AI planning problems was made robotics researcher who develops tech- first by Sven Koenig (1991), who niques for planning and learning under showed how probabilistic STRIPS opuncertainty and time constraints, both erators provide a compact representafor single agents and teams of agents. tion for transition models." His research often combines ideas from Koenig's dissertation on "Goalartificial intelligence and robotics with Directed Acting with Incomplete Inforideas from other disciplines, such as de- mation" describes a robust robot navcision theory, theoretical computer sci- igation architecture based on partially ence, operations research and econom- observable Markov decision process

36 Torsten Suel on real-time search, ant robots, probabilistic planning with nonlinear utility functions, development and analysis of robot-navigation methods (goal-directed navigation in unknown terrain, localization, coverage and mapping), agent coordination based on cooperative auctions, and any-angle path planning. program co-chair of the 2007 and 2008 Honors and awards AAAI Nectar programs. He served or Koenig is the recipient of an ACM serves on the editorial boards of several Recognition of Service Award, an NSF artificial intelligence and robotics jour- CAREER award, an IBM Faculty Partnals, on the board of directors of the nership Award, a Charles Lee Powell Robotics: Science and Systems Founda- Foundation Award, a Raytheon Faculty tion, on the advisory boards of the Jour- Fellowship Award, a Mellon Mentoring nal of Artificial Intelligence Research Award, a Fulbright Fellowship and the and Americas School on Agents and Tong Leong Lim Pre-Doctoral Prize Professional Activities Multiagent Systems, and on the steering from the University of California at Koenig was conference co-chair of the committees of the International Confer- Berkeley. 2004 International Conference on Au- ence on Automated Planning and Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. tomated Planning and Scheduling, pro- Scheduling and the Symposium on Ab- org/wiki/Sven_Koenig_(computer_scigram co-chair of the 2005 International straction, Reformulation, and Approxi- entist)" Joint Conference on Autonomous mation. Agents and Multi-Agent Systems and

Torsten Suel
Torsten Suel is an associate professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Polytechnic Institute of New York University. He received his Ph.D. in 1994 from the University of Texas at Austin under the supervision of Greg Plaxton. His most heavily cited publications are for his work on an implementation of bulk synchronous parallel computation, streaming algorithms for histograms, join operations in databases, distributed algorithms for dominating sets, and web crawler algorithms. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Torsten_Suel"

Udo Frese
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Frese is assistant professor at the University of Bremen and leads the group for real time computer vision. He is furthermore affiliated with the German Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) in Bremen. He received his Ph.D. degree from the Friedrich-Alexander-Universitt Erlangen-Nrnberg where he studied different aspects of the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem. He developed two successful mapping system, namely TreeMap and Multi-Level Relaxation (MLR). Additionally, he is working in the field of safety algorithms for robots including areas such as collision avoidance. Together with Cyrill Stachniss and Giorgio Grisetti he is a co-founder of the open source SLAM repository called OpenSLAM.org Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Udo_Frese"

Walter F. Tichy
Walter F. Tichy is professor of computer science at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany where he teaches classes in software engineering. To the larger software development community he is mostly known as the initial developer of the RCS revision control system. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Walter_F._Tichy"

Wau Holland
Herwart Holland-Moritz, known as Wau Holland, (20 December 1951 - 29 July 2001) cofounded the Chaos Computer Club (CCC) in 1981, one of the world's oldest hacking clubs. The CCC became world famous when its members exposed security flaws in Germany's "Bildschirmtext" (Btx) online television service by getting a bank to send them DM 134,000 (approx. Euro 68,513) for accessing its Btx page many times. They returned the money the following day. Holland also co-founded the CCC's hacker magazine Datenschleuder in 1984, which praised the possibilities of global information networks and powerful computers, and included detailed wiring diagrams for building your own modems cheaply. The then-monopolist phone company of Germany's Deutsche

Wilfried Brauer 37 Bundespost had to approve modems and sold expensive, slow modems of their own. The telecommunications branch of Deutsche Bundespost was privatized and is now Deutsche Telekom. Because of Holland's continuing participation in the club, the CCC gained popularity and credibility. He gave speeches on information control for the government and the private sector. Holland fought against copy protection and all forms of censorship and for an open information infrastructure. He compared the censorship demands by some governments to those of the Christian church in the Middle Ages and regarded copy protection as a product defect. In his last years, he spent a lot of his time in a youth center teaching children both the ethics and the science of hacking, with unique style and intelligent humor. Holland was an amateur radio operator and held the callsign DB4FA. Holland died in Bielefeld on 29 July 2001 of complications caused by a brain stem stroke from which he suffered in May. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Wau_Holland"

Wilfried Brauer
Wilfried Brauer (born in 1937 in Ber- national Federation of Information Prolin, Germany) is a German computer cessing. scientist and professor emeritus at Technical University of Munich. From Awards and honours Hausdorff-Gedchtnispreis 1998 to 2001, he was chairman of Ge- Felix (1966) sellschaft fr Informatik, the German computer science society. From 1994 to IFIP Silver Core (1986) 1999, he was vice president of the Inter- honorary doctor of the University of Hamburg (1996) Werner Heisenberg Medal (2000) IFIP Isaac L. Auerbach Award (2002) honorary doctor of the Freie Universitt Berlin (2004) Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Wilfried_Brauer"

Wolfgang Nebel
Wolfgang Nebel (born 18 November 1956) is a German computer scientist and professor for integrated circuit design at the computer science (Informatik) department of the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg. ductors, Hamburg, and worked as software engineer, CAD project manager and finally became CAD software development manager. From 1996 to 1998 he served as Dean of his department. Additionally since 1998 Nebel has been a member of the executive board of the Biography OFFIS research center, an institute asNebel holds a Dipl.-Ing. degree in Elec- sociated with Oldenburg University. trical Engineering from the University From January 2001 December 2002 of Hanover and a Dr.-Ing. degree from Nebel served as vice-president of the Computer Science Department of Oldenburg University. Since June 2005 the University of Kaiserslautern, where Nebel has been chairman of the OFFIS he has worked for Reiner Hartenstein. research institute. Nebel is co-founder, In 1987 Nebel joint Philips Semicon- chairman and CTA of ChipVision Design Systems AG, an EDA start-up company located in Oldenburg, San Ramon, San Jose and Munich. Nebel is and has been involved in several international conferences as program chair or a general chair. He is also active in several additional program committees and professional organizations. His research interest are in methodologies and tools for embedded system design, in particular: object oriented HW/SW specification and synthesis as well as design for low power. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Wolfgang_Nebel"

Wolfgang Wahlster
Wolfgang Wahlster (born February 2, 1953) is a German Artificial Intelligence researcher. He is CEO and Scientific Director of the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and full professor in computer science at Saarland University, Saarbrcken. He was awarded the Deutscher Zukunftspreis ("German Future Award") in 2001 and is a foreign member of the Class for Engineering Sciences of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences since 2003. Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Wolfgang_Wahlster"

Wolfram Burgard
Wolfram Burgard (born 1961 in Gelsenkirchen, Germany) is a German roboticist. He is a full professor at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg where he heads the Laboratory for Autonomous Intelligent Systems. He is

38 Wolfram Burgard known for his substantial contributions to the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem as well as diverse other contributions to robotics. Research Together with his colleagues, Wolfram Burgard developed numerous probabilistic approaches to mobile robot navigation. This includes Markov localization, a probabilistic approach to mobile localization which can robustly track the position of a mobile robot, estimate its global position when it starts without any prior knowledge about it, and can even recover from localization failures. In 1999, Frank Dellaert, Dieter Fox, Sebastian Thrun, and Wolfram Burgard developed Monte Carlo localization, a probabilistic approach to mobile robot localization that is based on particle filters. Wolfram Burgard and his group has also made substantial contributions to the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem, which is to determine the map of the environment and the position of the robot at the same time. Wolfram Burgard together with his long-term collaborators Dieter Fox and Sebastian Thrun is a co-author of the book Probabilistic Robotics. He also is a co-author of the book Principles of Robot Motion - Theory, Algorithms, and Implementations, together with Howie Choset, Kevin M. Lynch, Seth A. Hutchinson, George Kantor, Lydia E. Kavraki and Sebastian Thrun. Wolfram Burgard has the 2009 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, the most prestigious German research prize. He has furthermore received seven best paper awards from outstanding conferences. He also became a distinguished lecturer of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society. In 2008, Wolfram Burgard became a fellow of the European Coordinating Committee for Artificial Intelligence. In 2009, Wolfram Burgard became fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. Students Wolfram Burgard supervised several PhD students in his lab for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, namely Maren Bennewitz (2004), Dirk Haehnel (2005), Cyrill Stachniss (2006), Rudolph Triebel (2007), scar Martnez Mozos (2008), Patrick Pfaff (2008), and Christian Plagemann (2008). Source (edited): "http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Wolfram_Burgard"

Biography
Education Wolfram Burgard received his Diploma degree from the University of Dortmund in 1987 and his Doctorate from the University of Bonn in 1991. His thesis advisor was Armin B. Cremers. Career In 1991 he became a research assistant at the University of Bonn, where he led the laboratory for Autonomous Mobile Systems. He was head of the research group which installed the mobile robot Rhino as the first interactive museum tour-guide robot in the Deutsches Museum Bonn, Germany in 1997. In 1998, he and his colleagues deployed the mobile robot Minerva in the National Museum of American History in Washington DC. In 1999, Wolfram Burgard became Professor for Autonomous Intelligent Systems at the Albert-LudwigsUniversitt Freiburg.