Concepts: (Could you write a brief answer to the questions below or if someone gave you 4 possible definitions or answers

or examples, could you pick the best one?) The list is not in any particular order. What is the difference between a parameter and a statistic? What is a population? What is statistical inference? What is inductive logic? What is statistical significance? How does statistical significance differ from practical Importance? What is a randomized control double blind study? What is meant by random? What is a sampling distribution? What is bias? What might cause bias in a survey? What is sensitivity and specificity? (Why are they important, Explain the difference!) Does zero correlation ensure that two variables are unrelated? Does significant correlation indicate cause and effect? What is the difference between P(A|B) and P(B|A)? What is a residual in regression analysis? What does least-squares mean? What does the y-value (for a given x) on a regression line represent? What is the advantage in using a matched pairs design? What is a repeated measures experiment? What is a lurking variable? What is an outlier and how do you determine if a value is an outlier? What is an influential observation? What is R2 and why is it important? What is a box-plot and what does it tell us?

Why does a good experiment require a control? What is a placebo? What is the difference between a placebo and a control? What is a factor, level, treatment, etc? How do we determine whether something is unusual ? What is a Z value (standard score) and why is it important? What is the difference between an observational study and an experiment? Why is this distinction important? What is the difference between nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio measurements? Why is randomization needed in an effective experiment? How can we tell if data comes from a normal distribution? How can we deal with data that does not follow a normal distribution? How do you interpret the slope and intercept of a regression line? How does (mean, standard deviation, correlation, etc.) change if you change the scale of measurement? (for example change feet to inches) What is the central limit theorem and why is it important? What is the difference between disjoint (mutually exclusive) and independent events? Can disjoint events be independent? Can independent events be disjoint? What is the lottery principle and why is it important? How do you determine a percentile from a normal distribution? What are the parameters of a normal distribution? What is the RANGE for a normal distribution? What is the interquartile range and what does it tell us? What are the relative positions for mean, median, mode on a distribution? What is a random variable?

What is a probability distribution? What is the expected value of a random variable? What is the standard deviation of a random variable?