International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering (IJESE) ISSN: 23196378 !

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7reparation of 7apers for International Dournal of (merging Science and (ngineering 8ID(S(:
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densit! of the fluid around it. -onlinearit! in spring is due to large deflection of it, #hich is geometric nonlinearit!. B! considering all above facts, this paper tries to cover literature #hich deals #ith vibrational anal!sis of Vibration is omnipotent, universal and multifaceted undamped d!namic vibration absorber sub;ected to phenomena.Vibration absorption is a method of adding a harmonic e$citation #ith nonlinear parameters. tuned spring mass absorber to a s!stem to create anti resonance at a resonance of the original s!stem."ost real #orld phenomena e$hibit nonlinear behavior.In this paper overvie# of various #or%s are done. This paper tries to give II. ST.,) +- 4(<ICA< C+"7R(SSI+an idea about the previous researches & their finding about S7RI-= +> VAR)I-= *IR( ,IA"(T(R stud! of nonlinearit! in spring and mass, Static anal!sis of San%et "."odi and Shrirang 7 chavan in !ear spring and stud! related to vibration absorber and its application. ?@0? studied helical compression spring of var!ing #ire '()*+R,S: Vibration Absorber, Resonance, -onlinear diameter. 4elical springs are often used in mechanical behavior. s!stems. The! can be designed in such a #a! that the! sho# nonlinear behavior. This means that the spring stiffness is not constant but depends on the compression. This nonlinear I. I-TR+,.CTI+behavior occurs #hen the number of active coils decreases or In vibration anal!sis, a d!namic vibration absorber increases #ith var!ing compression. The nonlinear behavior is a tuned spring mass s!stem #hich reduces or eliminates the of a spring can be achieved b! var!ing #ire diameter, pitch vibration of harmonicall! e$cited s!stem. Rotating machines and mean spring diameter. >or this research, a helical such as engines, motors and pumps often incite vibration due compression spring of var!ing #ire diameter #ith a constant to rotational imbalances. A d!namic absorber can be affi$ed pitch and a constant mean spring diameter is used. >inite to the rotating machine and tune to oscillate in such a #a! element anal!sis results of modeled spring are compared #ith that e$actl! counteracts the force from rotating imbalance. manufactured spring. This reduces the possibilit! that a resonant condition #ill The helical compression spring #ith variable #ire occur #hich ma! cause rapid catastrophic failure. /01 diameter #as anal!6ed in this paper. Then the stiffness of "ost real #orld phenomena e$hibit nonlinear spring #as calculated from the >( anal!sis and testing of behavior. There are man! situations in #hich assuming linear spring, the follo#ing conclusions are dra#n. behavior for ph!sical s!stem might provide satisfactor! results. +n other hand, there are circumstances or phenomena a: The spring studied in research sho#s feature of nonlinear that re2uire a nonlinear solution. A nonlinear structural #hich #as found in testing of spring.

I. ABSTRACT:

behavior ma! arise because of geometric and material nonlinearities, as #ell as change in the boundar! conditions and structural integrit!. A nonlinear spring has a nonlinear relationship bet#een displacement and spring force. A graph of spring force vs. displacement for a nonlinear spring #ill be more complicated than a straight line, #ith a changing slope. As nonlinear springs have different load deflection characteristics than the linear spring there #ill be difference in the amplitude of main mass obtained b! theoretical and e$perimental methods. -onlinearit! in mass and spring #ill be considered. The nonlinearit! in mass arises #hen mass moves #ith certain velocit!, #hich is due to change in mass

b: >rom the test validation, the! found that there is good consistenc! bet#een the results of >( simulation and test. The results and research method in this paper can be reference for the optimi6ation of the helical spring #ith variable #ire diameter, further improving the performance of the vehicle suspension /01.

III. A >I-IT( (<("(-T A-A<)SIS +> T4( BARR(< S4A7(, 4(<ICA< S7RI-= +- T4( V(4IC<( R(AR S.S7(-SI+Auo Shuguang et al. anal!6ed the barrel shaped helical spring on the rear suspension of passat bB. The accurate C, model of spring is built. Then the stiffness of spring is calculated b! finite element anal!sis. The results of >( anal!sis are validated b! e$perimental method. The barrel shaped spring used is sho#ing nonlinear phase during compression #hich can improve the stabilit! of vehicle /?1.

+anu$cri't recei.ed /cto0er 11 2112 . (2ill t3e 4etail$) 2ir$t 5ut3or name, 4is ,epartment -ame, .niversit!5 College5 +rgani6ation -ame, Cit! -ame, Countr! -ame, 7hone5 "obile -o., 8e mail: fisrtauthor9gamil.com:. Second 5ut3or name, 4is ,epartment -ame, .niversit!5 College5 +rgani6ation -ame, Cit! -ame, Countr! -ame, 7hone5 "obile -o., 8e mail: secondauthor9rediffmail.com:. &3ird 5ut3or name, 4is ,epartment -ame, .niversit!5 College5 +rgani6ation -ame, Cit! -ame, Countr! -ame, 7hone5 "obile -o., 8e mail: thirdauthor9hotmail.com:.
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IV. "+,(<I-=, V(RI>ICATI+-, +7TI"A< tuned b! prescribing the displacement and rotation at the ends of the beam /F1. ,(SI=- +> -+-<I-(AR VA<V( S7RI-=
)u cheng su, ,r.)u!i lin submitted a thesis on "odeling, Verification, +ptimal ,esign of -onlinear Valve Spring. The ob;ective of their stud! #as optimal design of helical spring based on d!namic criteria. The most important d!namic performance criterion of a helical spring is the resonance behavior, including d!namic stress, coil closing, and surge. "ore design variables are also ma%ing the description of d!namics more comple$. In this stud!, predictive d!namic models for variable pitch angle, #ire diameter, and spring radius are derived b! fundamental mathematics and mechanics principles. These models are nonlinear partial differential e2uations, in general more comple$ than the #ell %no#n and commonl! used #ave e2uation. -umerical solution of these d!namic models is also called d!namic simulation. In this stud!, finite difference method combined #ith moving boundar! solutions are applied to obtain the d!namic response. ,!namic responses as a time domain, discrete data from various models are compared #ith data from ph!sical d!namic e$periments to verif! the accurac! of the models, and to improve the parameters in the d!namic models. >ast >ourier Transform 8>>T: is utili6ed as a tool to evaluate severit! of resonance in different models and in optimi6ation process. To verif! that the use of finite difference in the simulation process is providing stable and reliable results, the numerical solutions are compared #ith solutions obtained using ABAE.S "AT<AB programs. Results in terms of s!stem eigenvalue calculation obtained b! different programs, either commercial or >inite ,ifference "ethod 8>,":, sho#ed ver! good agreements. -umerical optimi6ation results obtained in this stud! also sho#ed that it is #orth#hile to introduce more design variables to increase the fle$ibilit! in an optimal design process for obtaining better results /C1.

VI. A-A<)SIS A-, C+"7ARIS+- +> V(4IC<( ,)-A"IC S)ST(" *IT4 -+-<I-(AR 7ARA"(T(RS S.BD(CT(, T+ ACT.A< RA-,+" R+A, (GCITATI+-S.
7rof. S. 4. Sa#ant and ,r. D. A. Tamboli published a paper on Anal!sis and Comparison of Vehicle ,!namic S!stem #ith -onlinear 7arameters Sub;ected to Actual Random Road ($citations. 7aper investigates the importance of effects depend upon the degree of nonlinearit! and so the effect on the response. In this paper, nonlinearit! in mass, spring and damper are considered and compared for their individual and relative significance. Also, it is studied ho# nonlinearit! affects the response compared to linear s!stem. The theories of non linear d!namics are applied to stud! non linear model and to reveal its non linear vibration characteristics. Thus this paper deals #ith comparison bet#een simulation results obtained for passive and semiactive linear s!stems #ith nonlinear mass, spring and damper. The e$citation is ta%en as actual random road e$citation to achieve improved performance. Thus, the emphasis is to stud! the nonlinearities in mass, spring and damper for passive suspension s!stem performance and compare the reactive significance /B1.

VII. ,(SI=- +> A -+-<I-(AR VIBRATI+ABS+RB(R

"a$ime =eeroms, <aurens "ari;ns of =hent .niversit!, ,epartment ((SA, Belgium carried out #or% on nonlinear vibration absorber. The! found that linear vibration absorbers can onl! capture certain discrete fre2uencies. Therefore the use of nonlinear vibration absorbers #hich can capture a #hole range of fre2uencies is investigated as an alternative. Such a nonlinear vibration absorber has some special characteristics. >or e$ample there is certain fre2uenc! energ! dependence. To investigate nonlinear d!namical s!stems there is a need for ne# methods. The harmonic balance method is such a method and is discussed. The idea is to substitute a >ourier series e$pansion of the solution variables into the s!stem e2uations and HbalanceI them. >urthermore t#o reali6ations of a nonlinear energ! sin% as an e$ample of a nonlinear vibration absorber are discussed. +ne based on the restoring force in a #ire, the other one b! forcing a linear spring to follo# a certain path. As #ill be discussed, an analog principle can be used for the reali6ation of a ,uffing t!pe of nonlinear absorber /J1.

V. VIBRATI+- IS+<ATI+- .SI-= -+-<I-(AR S7RI-=S

".I.>ris#ell, ).$ia presented a paper on Vibration Isolation .sing -onlinear Spring. Their #or% deals #ith basics of vibration isolator, linear vibration isolation and nonlinear vibration isolation mounts. There are t#o significant problems #ith 4S<,S mounts that this paper aims to address. Current approaches to reali6e the re2uired nonlinear characteristics are often inconvenient and various design based on beam t!pe structures #ill be investigated. Second, the #eight of the supported e2uipment, the environment, or the structural stiffness ma! change, re2uiring the mount to be semi active and to tune its nonlinear characteristics. The results in this paper have demonstrated that the linear stiffness and the point of inflection in the force displacement characteristic for the beam isolator ma! be

International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering (IJESE) ISSN: 23196378 !olume"# I$$ue"# don%t delete &o' ( )ottom *eader +anu$cri't detail$ (I $t ,age )ottom -eft
Side)

VIII. T4( (G7(RI"(-TA< 7(R>+R"A-C( +> A -+-<I-(AR ,)-A"IC VIBRATI+- ABS+RB(R

)ung sheng 4su, -eil S >erguson have investigated the ph!sical behaviour and effectiveness of a nonlinear d!namic vibration absorber 8-,VA:. The nonlinear absorber considered involves a nonlinear hardening spring #hich #as designed and attached to a cantilever beam e$cited b! a sha%er. The cantilever beam can be considered at lo# fre2uencies as a linear single degree of freedom s!stem. The nonlinear attachment is designed to behave as a hardening ,uffing oscillator. The nonlinearit! of the attachment is due to the particular geometrical configuration undergoing a large amplitude response. The e$periment investigated the potential for vibration reduction of the s!stem. Anal!tical and numerical results are presented and compared. >rom the measured results it #as observed that the -,VA had a much #ider effective band#idth compared to a linear absorber. The fre2uenc! response curve of the -,VA has the effect of moving the second resonant pea% to a higher fre2uenc! a#a! from the tuned fre2uenc! so that the device is robust to mistuning. This paper has also investigated the influence of the -,VA parameters on the vibration reduction. The nonlinearit! resulted in a much #ider effective band#idth compared to that for a linear absorber #ith similar mass and damping. It #as found that the fre2uenc! response curve of the -,VA has the effect of moving the second resonant pea% to a higher fre2uenc! a#a! from the tuned fre2uenc!, so that the device is robust to mistuning. ($perimental results have been presented to compare #ith the model derived /K1.

G. ,(SI=- A-, ,(V(<+7"(-T +> A 7(-,.<." T)7( ,)-A"IC VIBRATI+- ABS+RB(R >+R A S,+> VIBRATI-= S)ST(" S.BD(CT(, T+ BAS( (GCITATI+Irshad ". "omin ,r. Ran;it =. Tod%ar published a paper on ,esign and ,evelopment of A 7endulum T!pe ,!namic Vibration Absorber for A Sdof Vibrating S!stem Sub;ected to Base ($citation

IG. A-A<)TICA< A-, (G7(RI"(-TA< I-V(STI=ATI+- +> A T.-(, .-,A"7(, ,)-A"IC VIBRATI+ABS+RB(R I- T+RSI+-.
7rof. 4.,. ,esai and 7rof. -i%un; 7atel published a paper on Anal!tical and ($perimental Investigation of a Tuned .ndamped ,!namic Vibration Absorber in Torsion. In this paper design and development of e$perimental setup for determining the response characteristics of torsional, tuned, undamped, d!namic vibration absorber is presented. A mathematical model for the absorber #ith base e$citation is developed and the theoretical values of the torsional amplitude are calculated for different values of e$citation fre2uenc!. The theoretical and e$perimental results are correlated.

The use of centrifugal pendulum for d!namic vibration absorber design 8C7VAs: is a proven method for reducing undesired torsional vibrations in rotating s!stems. These devices are in use for man! !ears, most commonl! in light aircraft engines, helicopter blade rotors etc. These devices have also been reported for reduction of rectilinear vibrations. 7endulum t!pe d!namic vibration absorbers use impact forces for effective reduction of rectilinear vibrations describing modeling method and transient state anal!sis in vie# of spring impact absorbers, floating impact absorbers and pendulum impact absorbers. Bond graph techni2ue for modeling of S,+> vibrating s!stem e$cited b! rotating unbalance at the sprung mass using a pendulum t!pe d!namic vibration absorber is reported in the recent literature. This paper deals #ith the modeling and design procedure for a centrifugal pendulum t!pe d!namic vibration absorber 8C7VA: sub;ected to base e$citation. This paper presents a detailed anal!sis and e$perimental investigations of the effect of parameters affecting the motion transmissibilit! of the sprung mass such as si6e of the pendulum mass, eccentricit! of the pendulum pivot #ith respect to a$is of rotation of the pendulum assembl!, mass ratio 8ratio of the pendulum mass to the sprung mass:, gear ratio 8the ratio of the pendulum rotational fre2uenc! to the e$citation fre2uenc!: and the fre2uenc! ratio 8the ratio of the e$citation fre2uenc! to the natural fre2uenc! of the S,+> s!stem:. It has been proved that the C7VA is effective in reduction of motion transmissibilit! of the sprung mass of the S,+> s!stem #ith the proper selection of the affecting parameters /M1.

GI. C+-C<.SI+-

B! the literature revie# it is seen that importance of nonlinear ana!sis and various methods of static anal!sis of spring. In earlier recherchNs linear parameters of vibration absorber #ere considered but in practice the spring and mass behaves #ith nonlinear characteristic. So it is important to The theoretical and e$perimental results are consider the nonlinearities of spring and mass #hile superimposed for both the single degree of freedom s!stem designing the vibration absorber . and absorber respectivel!. >rom these graphs it can be observed that a correlation e$ists bet#een theoretical and e$perimental results but due to nonlinearities e$ists in the s!stem itself, the e$perimental and theoretical results doesnIt e$actl! matches /L1.

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II. R(>(R(-C(S
0. San%et "odi, A;eet 7atil and S. 7. Chavan, OStud! on 4elical Compression Spring of Var!ing *ire ,iameterP, International Conference on Current trends in (ngineering and "anagement 8ICCT(" ?@0?: pp.?CK ?F@, Dul! ?@0?. ?. <ei, Auo Shuguang, )ang Gian#u, *ang Dirui, OA >inite (lement Anal!sis of the Barrel Shaped 4elical Spring on the Vehicle Rear SuspensionP ICC,A Vol ?, ?@0@. C. )u cheng su, ,r.)u!i lin, O"odeling, Verification, +ptimal ,esign of -onlinear Valve SpringP. F. ".I. >ris#ell, (.I. Saavedra >lores, ). Gia, OVibration Isolation using -onlinear SpringsP, 7roceedings of IS"A ?@0?, pp.?CCC ?CF?, ?@0?. B. 7rof.S. 4. Sa#ant, ,r. D. A. Tamboli OAnal!sis and Comparison of Vehicle ,!namic S!stem #ith -onlinear 7arameters Sub;ected to Actual Random Road ($citationsP, International Dournal of "echanical (ngineering and Technolog! 8ID"(T:, ISS- @MKJ Q JCF@87rint:, ISS- @MKJ Q JCBM8+nline: Volume C, Issue ?, "a! August ?@0?. J. "a$ime =eeroms, <aurens "ari;ns, "ia <occuRer and ,ir% Ae!els, O,esign of A -onlinear Vibration AbsorberP, =hent .niversit!, ,epartment ((SA, Belgium. K. )ung Sheng 4su, -eil S >erguson, OThe ($perimental 7erformance of A -onlinear ,!namic Vibration AbsorberP, 7roceedings of I"AC GGGI Conference and ($position on Structural ,!namics, .SA, ?@0C. L. 7rof. 4.,. ,esai, 7rof. -i%un; 7atel, OAnal!tical and ($perimental Investigation of a Tuned .ndamped ,!namic Vibration Absorber in TorsionP, 7roceedings of *orld Congress on (ngineering 8*C(?@0@:, vol. II, ?@0@. M. Irshad ". "omin, ,r. Ran;it = Tod%ar, O,esign and ,evelopment of A 7endulum T!pe ,!namic Vibration Absorber for A S,o> Vibrating S!stem Sub;ected to Base ($citationP, International Dournal of "echanical (ngineering and Technolog! 8ID"(T:, pp.?0F ??L, September ,ecember ?@0?.