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1.INTRODUCTION
1.1 SCOPE 1.2 ADVANTAGE
3.MODIFYING AGENT
3.1 LATEX 3.2 RUBBER WASTE
4. PREPARATION
4.1 LATEX AS A MODIFIER 4.2 WASTE RUBBER AS A MODIFIER
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6.COMPARISION
6.1 TEST ON MODIFIED BITUMEN 6.2 COST ANALYSIS
7. CONCLUSION 8. REFERENCE
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ABSTRACT
Strengthening of flexible bitumen pavement by using rubber products and the bitumen we are using called as modified bitumen, which consists of rubber products as its modified agents. Here by we had performed both laboratory test. In laboratory work, we had tested our modified bitumen samples to know about its ability by performing various essential tasks, and thatare based on the journal Introduction of Transportation Engineering by A.L Mathews and as per IRC provisions The main scope of adding the modifying agent is delaying agent is to delaying the crack formation in a pavement.
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MODIFYING AGENTS
NATURAL RUBBER VULCANIZATION RUBBER
2 3 4 5 6
PENARATION TEST DUCTILITY TEST SOFTING POINT TEST VISCOSITY TEST LASH & FIRE POINT TEST
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1. INTRODUCTION
Flexible pavement with bituminous surfacing are widely used in India. The high traffic intensity in terms of commercial vehicles, overloading of trucks and significant variation in daily and seasonal temperature of the pavement have been responsible for early development of distress like rutting, cracking, bleeding, shoving and potholing of bituminous surfacing. A factor which causes concern in India, is very high and very low pavement temperature conditions in some parts of the country. Under these conditions the bituminous surfacing tends to become soft in summer and brittle in winter. Studies have related that properties of bitumen and bituminous mixes can be improved /modified with the incorporation of certain additives or blend of additives. These additives are called Modifiers and the bitumen premixed with these modifiers is known as Modified bitumen. Use of modified bitumen in the top layers of the pavement is expected to significantly enhance the life of the surfacing and extend the time of the next renewal. Full scale performance studies on technology under the aegis of Ministry of road Transport and Highways ; Central Road Research Institute; Highways Research Station, Chennai; Rubber Board, kerala; Gujarat Engineering Research Institute; and various state Public Works Department revealed that the use of Modified Bitumen in construction/maintenance of bituminous roads significantly improve the pavement performance and is cost effective, when life-cycle cost is taken into consideration.
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1.1 SCOPE:
These guidelines deal with the specification and use of Modified Bitumen binders in road construction & maintenance works, their advantages, storage, testing, quality control and quality assurance requirements
1.2 ADVANTAGES:
Property of modified bitumen depend upon type and quantity of modifier used and process adopted for their manufacture. The advantages of modified bitumen can include one or more of the following for road works: Lower susceptibility variations Higher resistance to deformation at high pavement temperature Delay of cracking and reflective cracking Better age resistance properties Better adhesion between aggregates and binder Higher fatigue life of mixes Over all improved performance The choice of modified bitumen may be made on the basis of traffic, climate and overall life cycle cost analysis
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recommended for surface dressing and patchwork. MC is recommended for premix with less quantity of fine aggregates. SC is used for premix with appreciable quantity of fine aggregates.
of bitumen. The viscosity of bituminous emulsion can be measured as per IS: 8887-2004. Three types of bituminous emulsions are available, which are Rapid setting (RS), Medium setting (MS), and Slow setting (SC). Bitumen emulsion are ideal binders for hill road construction. Where heating of bitumen or aggregates are difficult. Rapid setting emulsion are used for surface dressing work. Medium setting emulsions are preferred for premix jobs and repairs work. Slow setting emulsions are preferred in rainy season.
have been issued by IRC: SP: 53-2010. It must be noted that the
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performance of
2.4.1
which, when combined by proper blending of the two materials, provide a road binder of excellent quality. The practice of blending tar and bitumen has thus become very popular in some countries. Bitumen has greater durability and lower temperature susceptibility then tar. But bitumen has poor adhesion with certain stone aggregates, especially in the presence of water, resulting in stripping. Tar has better adhesion with aggregates because of the presence of phenols. Tar, when exposed, weathers and hardens. Tar mixtures shown better skid resistance properties then bitumen mixtures.
The addition of small quantity of nature rubber vastly changes the properties of tar and bitumen to great advantage. The important change is that the change in viscosity with temperature of the bitumen is significantly reduced. The softening point of the binder increased and its brittle point is reduced. The elasticity of the binder increases with the addition of rubber.
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Natural rubber is introduced either as latex or rubber powder. The Frothing which takes places is advantage The use of crumb rubber powder, further improved by additives such as Gilsonite, is known to improve the properties of bitumen and the bituminous mixes, the suggested dosage is 12% by weight of bitumen. TMB super is one such material available in India
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3. MODIFYING AGENTS
LATEX RUBBER
3.1.1
NRL
CHARACTERISTICS:
is a cross-linked polymeric material, offering excellent
strength and the ability to stretch to many times its original length without creating hoes or breaches. On the contrary, materials that are poorly cross-linked (i.e. PVC or vinyl), tend to develop holes and breaches, both visible and at the molecular level upon stretching. 2
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NRL memory is very high, allowing the material to always return to its original shape and along with its elasticity makes it superior to other glove materials in terms of comfort and fit. Latex is very resistant to punctures and has the tendency to seal itself if a small hole occurs even though it can be pierced by very sharp object. 3,4NRL gloves provide a good protection from most caustic chemicals and detergents, being recommended by the OSHA for use with cytotoxic drugs. 5NRL is also a natural, containing no petroleum by-products or dioxins, 6 enabling disposal by either land fill or incineration without environment
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4.PREPARATION
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain a quality system to ensure that products supplied conform to the specification. The quality system shall consist of tests or assessment and the use of the finished product. procedures, regular inspections and the results to control the quality of
amount of temperature
bitumen is replaced by latex and it will heated at the of C. When it attained the appropriate
temperature, the modifier is completely mixed with bitumen, and form modified bitumen.
with rubber waste at certain amount of bitumen is replaced by rubber waste and it will heated to the temperature of
attained the appropriate temperature, the modifier is completely mixed with bitumen, and form modified bitumen.
60 to 120
1203
50
1205
3. 4.
Flash point, COC, 0C, Min. Elastic recovery of half thread in ductilometer at 150c, percent, min Viscosity at 1500C, poise
5.
1-3
1206(part 2)
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Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
0 60 60
0 57 57
0 50 50
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
0 58 58
0 50 50
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RESULT:
1.Mean penetration value for the latex bitumen = 50/60 2.Mean penetration value for the rubber waste bitumen = 50/60
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DUCTILITY SHOT
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900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Category 1 Category 2 Column1 Column2 Series 1 Series 1 Column2 Column1
RESULT:
1. The ductility value of the taken Latex bitumen sample= 660mm 2. The ductility of the taken Rubber waste bitumen sample= 850mm
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The test is conducted by using Ring and Ball apparatus. A steel ball is placed upon the bitumen is suspended in liquid like water or glycerin at a given temperature. A steel ball is placed upon the bitumen touches the metal plate which s at a specified distance below. Generally, higher softening point indicates lower temperature susceptibility and is
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Trials
Latex Bitumen
1. 2.
51 53
75 79
RESULT:
1. Softening point of Latex bitumen= 520c 2. Softening point the Rubber waste bitumen= 770c
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lubricates the aggregates particles. Orifice type viscometer are used to indirectly find the viscosity of liquid binders like cutbacks and emulsion. The viscosity expressed in seconds is the time taken by the 50 ml bitumen material to pass through the orifice of a cup, under standard test conditions and specified temperature. Viscosity of a cutback can be measured with either 4.0 mm orifice at 25 0C or 10 mm orifice at 25 or 600C.
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RESULT:
1. Viscosity of latex bitumen= 18 sec 2. Viscosity of rubber waste bitumen= 22 sec
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specified test conditioned at which the bituminous material gets ignited and burns.
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235 230 225 Series 1 220 215 210 Category 1 Category 2 Column1 Series 2 Series 1 Series 2
Waste
RESULT:
1.LATEX BIUMEN:
Flash point= 2200c Fire point= 2250c
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When comparing the latex bitumen with rubber waste bitumen, In the ductility test, the deformation of the rubber waste bitumen is les than the latex (i.e) the percentage of deformation in latex bitumen is 45% . Due to the decrease in deformation, the ductility of bitumen will increase. The softening point of the bitumen will be in high manner due to the temperature variation in our country. The softening point of the rubber waste bitumen is10% higher than latex bitumen. The fluidity of the bitumen is must be very low room temperature. The fluidity of the bitumen is found out by the viscosity test, the fluidity of the rubber bitumen 3% less than the latex bitumen.
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The best quality of the bitumen is less in grade values, The grade value of rubber waste bitumen is less than the grade value of latex bitumen. From the above words, The rubber waste bitumen is a best quality, when compared to latex in physical properties.
SI.NO. 1 2
Cost (Rs)
SI.NO. 1 2
Cost (Rs)
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The cost of per kg of rubber waste bitumen is Rs.31.6 In the cost analysis, the cost of the rubber waste bitumen is 57% less than the latex bitumen.
When comparing the tow type of modified bitumen in physical properties and in cost analysis, The rubber waste bitumen is high economical and also, it ia a recycling process of rubber waste.
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CONCLUSION:
In this project, the test would be conducted on the modified bitumen in the basis of IRC SP 53-2010. From this tests, the grade of the rubber waste bitumen is high when compared with latex bitumen. The deformation property is highly reduced in rubber waste bitumen compared to latex bitumen. The softening point of rubber waste bitumen bitumen. When bitumen is 57% analysis. The rubber waste materials are recyclable one. The life cycle of the rubber waste modified bitumen pavement is high due to the delaying of cracking. The rubber waste are reused in this process so which is ecofriendly. comparing this two modified bitumen, rubber waste is 10% higher than the latex bitumen is 3% less then the latex
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