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This list is not exhaustive, but has been designed to give you the basic phrases that you can use to structure your essays coherently. Do not overuse these phrases, and make sure that your essays have plenty of interesting and relevant content.
On the one hand, . on the other hand, If on the one hand it can be said that... the same is not true for... The first argument suggests that... whilst the second suggests that... There are at least xxx points to highlight.
Adding elements
Furthermore, one should not forget that... In addition to... Moreover... It is important to add that
Personal opinion
We/I personally believe that... Our/My own point of view is that... It is my contention that I am convinced that My own opinion is
Others' opinions
According to some critics... Critics believe that say that suggest that are convinced that point out that emphasise that contend that go as far as to say that argue for this
Conclusion
The arguments we have presented... suggest that.../ prove that.../ would indicate that... From these arguments one must.../ could.../ might... conclude that... All of this points to the conclusion that... To conclude,
Ordering elements
Firstly,.../ Secondly,.../ Finally,... (note the comma after all these introductory words.) As a final point,
Introducing examples
For example, For instance, To illustrate this point...
Introducing facts
It is... true that.../ clear that.../ noticeable that... One should note here that...
Consequences
From these facts, one may conclude that... That is why, in our opinion, ... Which seems to confirm the idea that... Thus,.../ Therefore,...
Certainty
Doubtless,... One cannot deny that... It is (very) clear from these observations that...
Comparison
Some critics suggest..., whereas others... Compared to... On the one hand there is the firm belief that... On the other hand, many people are convinced that...
Doubt
All the same, it is possible that... It is difficult to believe that...
Thesis
The first thing that needs to be said is... First of all, let us try to analyse... One argument in support of... We must distinguish carefully between... The second reason for... 2
An important aspect of the text is... It is worth stating at this point that...
was thrown by him" (passive voice). As you can see, passive voice is wordier and less direct.
Antithesis
On the other hand, we can observe that... The other side of the coin is, however, that... Another way of looking at this question is to...
Sentence variety
Make sure there's some variety in the length and types of your sentences. Work at occasionally opening a sentence with something other than the subject. Student writers often tend to write strings of short, simple sentences. This makes the paper choppy and makes the ideas sound simpleminded. If choppy sentences are a problem, combine some of them into longer and more complex sentences.
Conclusion
What conclusions can be drawn from all this? The most satisfactory conclusion that we can come to is... To sum up... we are convinced that.../ ...we believe that.../ ...we have to accept that...
C. Remarks
Verbs
The quickest way to improve your writing is by paying attention to verbs. English is a language rich in verbs, so the use of vague verbs or long verb phrases is unnecessary. Simply converting "takes a look at" to "examines," "talks about in detail" to "analyzes," etc. will make a difference in your prose. Weak action verbs (such as do, get, have, go, make, say, etc.) can often be replaced by stronger ones ("has," for example, can be replaced by words like "displays," "exemplifies," "demonstrates," etc.). Weak action verbs paired with an adverb can usually be treated similarly ("talk heatedly," for instance, becomes "argue"), as can those paired with a noun ("make an argument" becomes "argue," "give an explanation" becomes "explain," etc.). And as much as possible, make sure your verbs are in the active voice: "He threw the ball" (active voice) rather than "The ball 3