't0

SectionB [60 marksl

Answeranytourquestions.i,p
thissection.
,"v
-^r.$#
a) Polysaccharides playan importantroleastiructuralandstoragecompoundsin plants.
By givingone examplefor eachof thesecompounds, explainhowtheirmolecular
structuresare relatedto theirfunctions.
[8 marks]
(b) (i) Withthe aid ot a diagrarn,showhow a triglycerideis formedthroughthe
esterificationprocess.
[3 marks]
(ii). Describethe structureof lecithinand its importancein cell membranestructure.
[4 marks]
are two groupsof autotrophicorganisms.
and photoautotroph
6. Chemoautotroph

(a) By givingone examplefrom eachgroup,comparethe two groups.

[3 marks]
(b) Heterotrophic organismscan be furtherclassifiedinto holozoic,saprophyticand
parasiticorganisnns. ,,.
(i) Saprophyticorganismsplayan importantrole in ecology. Explainthe statement
by usinga suitableexample.

(i) Parasite can be classffiedintoobligateandfacultativeorganisrr. E*pt"l: il:St

two typesof parasitesby givingone exampleof each.

a) Explainwhat is meantby the Bohreffect. [5 marks]

(b) Elplain the regulationof breathingin humans. [10 marksJ

\9 (a) Dsoibe horran aciionpotentialis transmitted alonga non-myelinated neurone.

f/ marksl
(b) Ephin houra neryeimpulseis fansmittedacrossa synapse.
r\ ("rPifferentiatebefiveengenemutationandchromosomal mutation.
[8 marl<s]
\,
[4 marksl
(b) E plain tlre differenttypesof genemutation,givingspecificexampleswhere
relevant.
[8 marks
(c) Ilorn's Syndromeis causedby chromosomal mutation.Explainhowthis mayoocur.
[4 marks]
10,(a) In recombinant Dl,lA a
tecfinology, desiredgene is obtainedand insertedintoa host
ellto bedoned.

O Describetlp nays of obtaininga desiredgene.

f/ marftsl
0DErplainhowfie d6ir€d genecanbe insertedintoa hostell.
[5 marlsl
(b) Ustthreeapplicalionsof recombinant
Dl.lAtechnologyin the medicalfield.
[3 marksl
CONFIDENTIAT 20

SectionB t60 marksl

Answeranylour questionsin thissecfion.

S.(a) Theequationbelowshowsthe reactionbetweenammoniaand a hydrogen

al

ion. N' 9 :' '

h ( l "' l' i' ' U
N H 3+H**NHa* - :' ;
Lt

explainhowthe bondbetweenthe NHg

In termsof the etectronsinvolved,
moleculeandthe H* ionsis formed'
Namethe typeof bondformedin thisreaction. t3 marksl

(b) Boilingpointdatafor threehydridesaregivenin the tablebelow.

Hydride Relativemolecularmass,Mr BoilingpoinUoC

Methane 16 -182

Ammonia 17 -33

Water 18 100

Explainwhy thesethreehydrideshaveverydifferentboilingpoints.
[4 marks]
CONFIDENTIAL-

(c) (i)A reactionof nitrogenmonoxideis shownbelow.

2NO(g)+ Oz(g)-,2NOz(9)

of NOz
the concentration
Therateof reactioncan be foundby measuring
at differenttimes.
Definethe term rate of reaction.
Sketcha graphto showhowthe concentration of NO2changeswithtime.
Indicatehowthe initialrateof reactioncouldbe obtainedfromyourgraph.
[4 marks]

of sulphurtrioxidefromsulphurdioxide,nitrogen
(ii)In the manufacture
monoxide can be usedin a two-stageprocessto increasethe rateof
production.

2NO(g)+ Oz(9)-' 2NOz(g)

NOz(g)+ SOz(g)-* NO(g)+ SOg(9)

an overallequationfor the production

Construct of SOgfromSOz.
Stateandexplainfullythe roleof NO in thisprocess'
[4 marks]
-
CONFIDENTIAL*

6. (a) (i) Usinga solutionof ammoniumchlorideandammoniaas example,explain

whatis meantby a buffersolution. [5 marks] I

(ii) Calculatethe massof ammonium chloridethatneedsto be addedto 450

I
|
cm3of 0.10moldm-3ammonia withpH = 9.0
to producea solution
I Koof NH3= 1.7x 1O-5 moldm-3] t4 marksl

acidsare listedin the tablebelow.

(b)The pK valuesof fourcarboxylic

Acid Formulaof acid plG

1 CHsCHzCOOH 4.9

2. CHoCHCICOzH 2.8

3 CHgCCIzCOOH i.+
4 CHzCICHzCOOH 4 . 1

(i) Describeandexptainthe trendin acidicstrengthshownby acids1,2 and

3.

in the pKavaluesfor acids2 and4.

fdr the difference
(ii) Givean explanation

acid(acid1).
the pH of a 0.010motdm{solutionof propanoic
(iii)Calculate

[6 marks]

+ u{ +4-
l,.lA
't

,
l/ -
t+fJLA'J
\.q - fr rn-l
LN ffJ

kqtno] =t+*t[u]
roH+ =[rrl
q k.Hr 'rgodl
CONFIDENTIAL-

t. (a) (i) Statethe trendin the reducingabilityof the halideionsfromfluorideto

iodide.
[1 mark]

(ii) Statewhatyouwouldobservewhenchlorinewaterreactswitha
solutionof potassiumiodide.Writean equationfor the reaction.
Statethe roleof chlorinein the reaction.
[3 marks]

betweenseparate
(iii)Givea reagentwhichcouldbe usedto'distinguish
sotutionsof potassiumbromideandpotassium iodide.Statewhatwouldbe
observedwhenthis reagentis addedto eachof the separatesolutionsof
potassiumbromideand potassium iodide.Writean equationfor one of the
reactions.

ldentifya reagentwhichcouldbe addedto the mixturesfromthefirsttest

to confirmthe identityof the halideions.Statewhatwouldbe observedin
eachcase.
[6 marks]

behavein differentwayswhen
andsilicontetrachloride
(b) Carbontetrachloride
addedto water.Statehoweachchloridebehavesandexplainthe differen@.

[5 marks]

gS=
3f
\.i )r'-)gb
CONFIDENTIAL*

B. (a)An aqueoussolutionof magnesium nitrateandbariumnitrate,"n O"

by the additionof dilutesulphuricacid.
differentiated
Statewhatyouwouldobservewhenthe abovereactionis carriedout.
[3 marks]

(b) Compareandexplainthe solubilityin water,for the solidsulphatesformedin

8(a). [7 marks]

hydroxidehasa numericalvalueof
(c) Thesolubilityproduct,K"o,of magnesium
2.0x 10-11.

for the K"oof magnesium

(i)Writean expression statingits units.
hydroxide,

in a
of Mg(OH)z
(ii)Usethe valueof K"ogivento calculatethe concentration
saturatedsolution.

wouldbe moresolubleor less

hydroxide
(iii)Explainwhethermagnesium
solublein 0.1moldm-3MgSOa(aQ)thanin water.
[5 marks]

0
I
1\ *-
q5
$
CONFIDENTIAL* 30

of the reactionwhen1-chloropropane
g. (a) (i) Writethe mechanism is refluxedwith
aqueoussodiumhydroxide. Nameof the typeof reactioninvolved [3 marks]

(ii) Stateandexplainhowthe rateof thisreactionchangeswhen

l,chloropropane by 1-bromopropane.
is replaced [3 marks]

to
(iii) Writeequationsto showhowyouwouldchange 1-chloropropane
2-chloropropane [5 marks]

(b) The aminoacidsalanineandsenneareshownbelow'

H H
I
I I
H2N-C{OOH H2N-C{OOH
ll
cHg cH2oH
alanine serine

formedby the reactionof

of the two dipeptides
(i) Drawthe structures
alaninewith senne.

formedin b(i).
(ii) Nameone of thedipeptides

(iii) Drawthe structureof the organiccompound formedwhenonemolecule

of senhereactswithtwo molecules of ethanoylchloride' [4 marks]

,*ttd ,""u

"it
 CONFIDENTIAL* 2
1, Findtheangle
between
vectors
aandOitlel=s, lpl=Sandla-4=Z QD*"t

2. Express 3 sinx + 4 cosx in theformrisin(X

+a)where r is positiveand a is an
acuteangle,givingthevalueof a tothenearestb.lo. GL*q
_, \J
Hence,find the minimumand maximumvaluesof6 sih x + g cosx{$f+rlarlrsl
l-'/
3. A shipP movesdueeasttowardsa targetwithp speedof 30 km n{. R shipe
moveswitha speedof 60 kmh-1alongthecouise2100.

anddirectionof thevelocityof e retativeto p.

a) Findthe magnitude
\llharXA
b) lf initiallyship P is at 20 km to the west of ship e, find the shortest
betweenship P and ship Q. Ql6tlnce
\fa*sl
4. Writean expression
for 2sin2x,in/ermsof cos2x.
V
Showthat sin 3x = 3 sin x - 4 sin3x.
@"*o
Basedon the two expressionsabove,express8 sinsx in the form of
@o
*,'" + b sin 3x + c sin 5x, where a, b and c are constantswhichmustbe evaluated.

[4 ma*sl

5.

In the diagramabove,BC and BA are tangentsto the circle.

a) Provethat ,
i) BA = BC. rksl
ai) ZBAC= ZADC. rksl
b) lf AC = AD, provethattriangleACD and triangleBCA are similar\riangle{.
\ ftnlarksl

954t2
*Thisquestion
paperis CONFIDENTIAL
untiltheexamination
is over. CONFIDENTTAL*
CONFIDENTIAL*

12. The funotionf is definedas

f $ ) = i : - lx+ { ,- 6 < x< 1

a

[x' - 6x+8, 1< x < 4

(a) Findliry1f(x)andjgrt"l.
Hence,determine at x = 1.
whetherf is continuous [3 marks]

qr/ stetchthegraPhof f . [4 marks]

/ \,/
therangeof f .
Determine [2 marks]
9(
setofvaluesofx sothat(x) > 2- x.
,(d) Determinethe [5 marks]

95411
*Thisquestion
papbris CONFIDENTIAL
untiltheexamination
is over.
CONFIDENTIAL*
 GONFIDENTIAL*
A y=- J.-j---._.
y=6_xx;T
;theequation
Acurvehastheequation

(a) Writetheequations
of theasymptotes
of thiscurye. [2 marks]
(b) Findtheturningpointsanddetermine
its nature. [5 marks]
(c) Sketchthecurve. [3 marks]

9 S h o w th a tth e e q u am2x+y-
ti on Bm =0is atangenttothe
cuvexy =16for
fl valuesof m, m * 0.
A perpendicularlinefromthe originmeetsthis tangent at R. Findthe coordinates
of R in termsof m .
Showthat the equationof the locusof R as m variesis (x' + y,Y -- 64xy.
[10 marks]

10. MatricesA, B and C are givenas

(k 1 -1 )
a =12-3 1 l,
[z 1 2J
(1 2 3l
e= 12 3 4 .' ,
['' 5 6)
(o -17
6 = l- 6 6 - 3 8
[51 34
:l
ol
Showthat k = 1 if the determinantof A is- 17.
D" rksl

FindBC and ABC. DeduceA 1. i tomdrrsl

Hence,solvethe simultaneous equations
y + y -z = -1
-2 x + 3 y -z = 3
2x + y + 2 2 = 2 5 [3 marks]

11. (a) Express partialfractions'

ffi;in
3r5 x 2
+4x +12
Hence,evaluate
)6;Nn;4*
2
(b) Usingtrapezium
rule,with5 ordinates,
evaluate
Jtn(l+ x,
1
your answercorrectto threedecimalplaces.

*Thisquestion
paperis coNFIDENTIAL
untiltheexamination
is over.
CONFIDENTIAL*
 2. By usingfirst principles,
showthat the valueof the firstderivativeof
xelRatx=a is3a2.

3. Findthesetof valuesof x thatsatisfies

the inequality
@n,
logr(x2- 3x + z; < {tog, 4 +Zlog"(2x-1).
z @",.r"t

4. Giventhat x3 + 4x2 - ax + b is exactlydivisibleby (x + 2) but leavesa

a
remaindera3whendividedby(x - a), calculate
the valuesof a and b. ( lSlnarksl
\-./

a"-n(bn-an\
5. Thesumoffirstntermsofaserier
t it
* i, b + a .
Findthe nn term of the series. arksl
I

Xence,
showthattheseriesis a geometric
series. r@'r'r

6. Giventhatf(x) = x3 - 10x2+ ax + b, wherea and b are constants.lf one of

thezeroesis 3 + 1E, Rndthevaluesof a and b.
* * (3IFX-3*I;) [t]iarrsl
Hence,
(a) showthat the equationf(x) = 12 - 3x does not haveany real rootsother
+ than 4. @arrcsl
\ "'l
(b) f(x) is dividedby x2 -4.
findthe remainderwhen
v,
\
iN v'o
lpharksl
Yt M
.r.'
irh 7. (a) Expand.11-U in ascending powersof x ,.upto andincluding
j ft
lhqterm
in x3 . Statetherangeof valuesof x forwhichtheexpansion is valid.
\)arf<sl
:
(b) Findthetermthatis independent
of x in the -#)"
"*n"nrion(-
[4 marks] *f
.k7
n- !
fx
954t1 q
*Thisquestionpaperis CONFIDENTIAL
untiltheexamination
is over.
,f X
coNFrDENrrAL*
* f N^0/
"+f , o, .=L1{)*r* \;
,$t'''
\ G-rngssr
'- t
CONFIDENTIAT 32

10. Fiveorganiccompounds, formulaCsHroO.

A to E, hasthemolecular
Compounds but notwith
A, B and C ca2reylwith 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine,
Fehling'ssolution.Only2Kanp€givesa positiveiodoformtest.A hasa higher
boilingpointthanB. ,
.,
Compoundsr/anaV{tvea brickredprecipitate, P , with Fehling'ssolution'
of E givesa straightchaincompound,F-
D is opticallyactive.Reduction
Basedon the information above,identifycompounds A to F. Givereasons
for yourchoice.
NamecomPound P.
for the reactionsabove,involving
Writeanythree chemicalequations
differentreagents.
[15marks]

\(
cryn \)
lr-
C- C- C-
L -Ll
I
/' \
*v
q C,L
(' i t r \ '>
. w '. \ {t J
L' t,\L.
vr
\U
('
\-

c; u'
f/-
CONFIDENTIAL"
dp3
6. a) Findthe solutionof the differentialequation 12,forwhichp = 0 wh e n
E*tP=
f= 0. H)",'no
Sketcha graphto showthe relationshipbetweenp and f if f >0.
0"*o
b) The accelerationof a moving particleis given by g - gt(f , where g and k are
positiveconstantsand v is the speedof the particle.

q}l Write down a differential equation relating v and time f. Hence, express y
explicltlyin terms of f if the particlemovesfrom rest. 17 marksl

7. The random variable X has a Poisson distribution with mean 1,. Giveh that
ZP( X= 1) = P ( X =2).

a) Findthe valueof X.. arksl

b) FindP( X> 3 ). arksl

8. Giventhat X and Y are two eventswith the followingprobabilitiese1X; = l,'t

'7 2] r anoP(Xnn= *.
P(xlY).=

. a) Find P(X U Y).

G),*o
b) Determine
whetherX andY are independent
events.
6"*o d
{9
L Theprobability functionof randomvariableX is P(X- x) = rnftl
distribution
w/ ",
x= 0, 1,2, 3,4, 5 wherem is a constant.

a) Determine
thevalueof m.
0 \t
5( )
l-

O"*o
b) TabulateP(X= x).

v
r ( .. 'Lq @a*q
c) FindE(sX- 3)
L
$Lrt '

95412
*Thisquestionpaperis CONFIDENTIAL
untiltheexaminationis over. CONFIDENTIAr
CONFIDENTIAL*
10. randomvariableXhas probability
Thecontinuous densityfunction,f(x)as shown
in the diagrambelow.

0*o
a) Findf(x).
functionof X andsketchits graph. @r.arf<sl
distribution
b) Findthe cumulative

c)F i n d P (0 .9 <X <2 .1 ). @"""r

o
11. Mineralwater is soldin bottlesof twosizes,standardandlarge.Foreachsize,
thecontent,in /itres,of a randomlychosenbottleis normallydistributedwithmeanand
standarddeviationas givenin thetablebelow:
Sizeof the bottle illean Standard deviation
Standardbottle 0.760 0.008
Larsebottle 1.010 0.009

a) Findthe probability
thata randomlychosenstandardbottlecontainslessttrFrrJ
0.750/dresof mineralwater. \[/matf<s]
b) Findthe probability
thata boxof 10 randomly
chosenstandardbottlescontpinqpt
leastthreebottleswhosecontentsareeachlessthan0.750lrfres. [3 parks]
c) Findthe probability
thatthereis moremineralwater
in fourrandomlycnosffiarO
bottlesthanin threerandomly chosenlargebottles. \l/a*sl

12. Thefollowingtableshonsthe rangeof marksfor chemistrytestobtainedby 120

students.
Marks Numberof students

2 1 -3 0 2
3 1 -4 0 5
4 1-5 0 11
51 -60 23
61 -70 47
71-80 20
8 1-9 0 I
91 - 100 3

a) Calculate the meanandstandarddeviationforthe marksobtainedby@\)

students,givingyouranswerconectto onedecimalplace. IQyp*s1
graph,hence,estimatethe
frequency
b) Plotthecumulative
i) median.

ii) percentage
@*"r
of studentswhosemarksarewithinthe rangeof onegtantgrd
from
deviation mean. ( 13mp*sl
silt2 \/
*Thisquestion
paperis CONFIDENTIAL
untiltheexamination
is over. CONFIDENTIAL*