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KINETICS: THE OXIDATION OF IODIDE BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

Joan Mari A. Dichoson Chemistry Department, College of Arts and Sciences Aquinas University of Legazpi, Rawis, Legazpi City DATE PERFORMED: December 11, 2013 ABSTRACT Determining the rate of reaction involves different factors. Great observation was needed in this experiment. A wider knowledge was highly encouraged. However, this experiment did not only tackled the rate of reaction. The experiment also showed how did Iodide Oxidation happened. At first, this experiment was expected to be failed but through the gathered data and observations, this experiment led to success of the performers.

INTRODUCTION One of the topics in General Chemistry 2 is Chemical Kinetics. Kinetics is the study of rates of chemical reactions, rate laws of chemical reaction and rate law mechanism. Rate reaction describes how fast the concentration of a reactant or product changes with time. In determining the rate of reaction of a substance, there four factors to be considered. It includes nature of the reactant, catalyst, temperature and also the concentration of a reactant. These factors may affect the reaction rate of reactants in some instances. The nature of the reactant, the two reactants must be compatible to each other to have a reaction. The catalyst, is added to the reactant to speed up the reaction. The concentration greatly affect the reaction. If the concentration of one reactant is change, change in the reaction may also be varied by a greater observation. Also the temperature has a great effect to a reaction. The temperature of the reactants must be the same for all time during the experiment to have the reaction occurrence. Reaction rate law has an equation of Rate=k [A]n[B]m .To have a clearer view of those effects, performing an experiment is necessary.

This experiment was about on how to determine the rate law for the reaction of two or more reactants, how solutions react to one another, how reactions occur, how fast or slow does the reactant changes. Lastly, what were the effects of the four factors that affects the reaction rate of the mixture.

METHODOLOGY I. Determining the rate law for the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with Iodide.

The experiment started in measuring the reagents (KI, HCL, Na2S203, H2O2) and starch in a 100 ml graduated cylinder. The reagents were measured through the given amount by the instructor it should be. The measured amount of each reagents were placed in a 250 ml beaker except the hydrogen peroxide. The temperature of the solution (mixture) was recorded. Electric timer was used so that the timing will begin at the exact moment. Stirring begun before the addition of peroxide to the mixture. Peroxide was poured and stirred for about 10 seconds. The mixture was watched attentively until the appearance of a blue

coloration and the timer was stopped. These procedures were applied in experiments number 1-5 in part 1. The volume of each solution is indicated below. Fig.1 Expt# Deionized HCl KI Starch Na2s2O3 water (ml) (ml) ml) (ml) (ml) 1 170 4 4.0 3 10.0 2 166 4 8.0 3 10.0 3 162 4 12.0 3 10.0 4 152 4 12.0 3 10.0 5 132 4 12.0 3 10.0 II. The Effect of the Temperature on the Reaction Rate

Fig.2 Part 1: Effect of Concentration Expt. # 1 Time 3 min. 51 sec.

H2O2 2 1 min. 8 sec. (ml) 50 sec. 10.0 3 10.0 10.0 20.0 As the table indicates, as we decrease 40.0 the amount of volume of deionized water, it speeds up the reaction.

Part 2: Effect of Temperature cold bath Time 1 min. 23 sec.

Solutions in experiment #3 (chart above) were prepared and placed in a beaker without peroxide. The mixture has been placed in a cold bath for 3 minutes. While waiting for the time, a 25.0 ml hydrogen peroxide was prepared in a graduated cylinder. After 3 minutes the mixture was stirred for about 10 seconds and the peroxide was added to the mixture. The timer has been stopped when the blue coloration appeared. III. The Effect of the Catalyst on the Reaction

As the temperature decreased, the rate of reaction slows down.

Part 3: Effect of a Catalyst Time (s)* -the time was not recorded because the timer did not function (source of error). But the reaction speeds up when the catalyst was added.

Solutions in experiment #3 in the given chart above were also prepared and placed in a beaker. Also without peroxide. The peroxide were separately prepared in a 100 ml graduated cylinder. Peroxide was added to the mixture and at the same time the 2 ml of iron (II) which served as the catalyst. Time of reaction was recorded.

Part 4: Reaction Change in color of the mixture *addition of HCL- no change in color

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Stock Solution Concentration Concentration of KI 0.1 M 0.1 M 0.1 M

*addition of KI- color became yellowish *addition of starch- colorless *addition of Na2S2O3- appearance of blue coloration *addition of peroxide- color changed into dark blue

Concentration of Na2S2O3 Concentration of H2O2

CALCULATIONS: Table 1-Initial Moles Expt. KI volume moles Na2S2O3 volume moles # mol/l KI (L) KI Na2S2O3 Na2S2O3 (L) 1 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.004 0.004 0.008 0.008 0.012 0.012 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.001

Table 2- Initial Molarity Expt. # Initial moles 1 2 3 0.0004 0.0008 0.0012 [KI]0 mol/L initial [Na2S2O3]0 moles Na2S2O3 0.002 0.007 0.0002 0.004 0.007 0.0002 0.006 0.007 0.0002

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION It can therefore concluded that the experiment be marked as a success due to the data and results of the experiment. Although experiment were performed in a different temperature, needed results were obtained.

REFERENCES: [1] Petrucci and Hardwood, Principles and Modern Applications of General Chemistry 7th edition [2] Whitten, Davis, Peck and Stanley, Principles of General Chemistry 9th edition

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