ABET TOOL FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK PREPARED BY, K.J.DHEEPTHI,*IT[FINAL YEAR], M.

HARINI,IT[FINAL YEAR], JEPPIAAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI!.

various and

ways more

including severe

1202)visual 64

#%<(1(%31=, &)%,>=2&(*, 02? @(,(23, other disabilities."urrent estimates suggest that there are approximately (3#(@(#A*0, (3 INDIA *023%. T$A, 2A) &*&%) 123,(,', 2< $2? A)'(<(1(*0 N%A)*0 N%'?2)+ &0*=, * @%)= (/&2)'*3' )20% (3 /*+(3. '$% VISUALLY IMPAIRED to recogni#e the pictures by E#.% #%'%1'(23 *3# /*3= /2)% 1231%&', where we are including 2A) 2?3 innovative concept 2< *##(3. *00 '$%,% '%1$3(BA%, (3 * HEAD MOUNTED DEVICE i.e. HELMET (3 2)#%) '2 *@2(# VULNERABLE ACCIDENTS. /(00(23 >0(3# 2) @(,A*00= (/&*()%#

EMAIL ID"#$%%&'$(&)*+*,$-./*(0.12/ $*)(3(('4!-./*(0.12/ CONTACT NO"* ! 56 78565,*!!9:49 5;

ABSTRACT" Digital S&%%1$ Signal Processing which is a

technique is playing a vital role in R%12.3('(23 <*,1(3*'(3. <(%0# of computer science & mathematics. The systems designed using DSP can offer facilities to extract speech features but doesnt help in appropriate decision ma ing.Thus we suggest adding an ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK. !isual impairments affect a large percentage of population in

K%=?2)#," 'ow !ision( )obility $ids( *ead%mounted Display( *ead% mounted "amera+*,'),T-( $rtificial

.eural .etwor . .BACKGROUND" /ver the last fifteen years an increasing amount of research has attempted to apply techniques from computer vision to the needs of people with low vision. FULL VIEW OF THE PAPER: An idea t at i! deve"oped and p#t into action i! $o%e i$po%tant t an an idea t at e&i!t! on"' a! an idea.()A"*e%t Ein!tein He%e a%e !o$e pat )*%ea+in, !o"#tion! to %ea" "i-e p%o*"e$! . ic ! a%e .it t e .o%"d. This paper describes a new .e .ant to Peli and co%wor ers have been wor ing on improving vision in cases of loss of contrast sensitivity by contrast enhancement in specific spatial frequency bands important to tas s such as face recognition. The development of head%mounted display units has led to some research in application of these for use by people with low vision

approach to image enhancement for people with severe visual impairments to enable mobility in an urban environment.$ neural%networ classifier is used to (a) Original image, Enhanced by Peli method (b) identify ob&ects in a scene so that image content specifically important for mobility may be made more visible.

. CONTENT DRIVEN IMAGE ENHANCEMENT"

0n 1ristol enhanced images( each ob&ect in the scene is coloured using a solid high saturation colour corresponding to the type of ob&ect( for example the road is blac ( pavement white(vehicles bright yellow and so on.

$rguably the Peli method has reduced the visibility of the scene by reduction in the overall contrast of the image( whereas in the image enhanced by 1ristol method one can clearly see the boundary between pavement and road( which is invisible in the other two images. .8 IMAGE ENHANCEMENT

0n current wor ( a scheme is used whereby all ob&ects are classified as one of a set of eight ob&ect classes( 2obstacle3 so for class example contains the such

SYSTEM" 0nput to the system would come from head%mounted camera(which we implement it in *,'),T and output will be displayed on a head% mounted display in such a way that even the old or low vision people can travel without any guidance. The significance of implementing .eural the .etwor even concepts in in *elmet will ma e us to recogni#e ob&ects weather

things as bounding walls( lamp% posts( pillarboxes etc.

(a) Original image, (b) Enhanced by Bristol method

conditions li e 4/5()0ST(6 The image segmentation stage segments an image into a number of regions which are deemed to correspond to a single object or ob&ect part. HEAD MOUNTED CAMERA

(a) Blurred image, (b) Peli method, (c) Bristol method

The final image labeller stage produces the coloured image in which the pixels of each region are coloured with the high saturation colour region. .7 SEGMENTATION" corresponding to the

HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAY

determined ob&ect class for the

This figure shows the quality of segmentation obtainable using this 1ristol technique.

(a) !deal "egmentation, (b) #uto The feature extraction stage takes the pixels of a region and calculates a set of numeric features or feature vector3( which describes the visual properties of the region and its context in the image. The neural net classifier takes the feature vector of a region as input and its output corresponds to an ob&ect class to which the region belongs( for example road( vehicle etc. 0ndividual extracted matic "egmentation regions using a are then

connected%

components algorithm such that all connected pixels assigned to the same cluster belong to the same region. .9 FEATURE ECTRACTION" 0n order to classify regions into an ob&ect class using a neural networ classifier( the raw image information in the form of pixels of a region must be reduced to a small set of numeric features which

describe the region sufficiently well for it to be classified. This is achieved by the feature extraction stage. .; SHAPE" Shape should intuitively be a very powerful feature for discriminating ob&ect classes. *ere shape representation is used which is invariant to translation( rotation( and scaling.

characterised in a small number of values.

8.NEURAL

NETWORK

CLASSIFIER" $ multi%layer perceptron with one hidden layer is used as a classifier( with a 78%n%9 architecture(and with hidden and output units having logistic functions. 7. COLOUR CONSISTENCY" :hen using colour to recognise ob&ects( we should be careful to note that sigmoid activation

&egion silhouette, Boundary reconstruction from the colour of pixels in an image do not (b) '( coefficients, (c) )( coefficients correspond to the actual colour of an ob&ect( but its perceived colour under a general un nown illuminant( for example:#*=0(.$'. $ut &egion "ilhouette, Boundary reconstruction from (b) '( coefficients, (c) )( coefficients The representation used here is a 4ourier shape descriptor( which considers the outer boundary of a region as a periodic sequence of two dimensional points( where transformation to the frequency domain allows the significant properties of the shape to be (a)$lassification,(b%ncorrected $lassification,(c) $orrected $lassification 9. PROCESSING SPEED"

$s /pthamologists are aiming eventually at a real%time implementation of our system( processing speed is important.

6.CONTRIBUTION" *ave discussed our paper in

SHANKAR NETHRALAYA

EYE

HOSPITAL,CHENNAI where we have a got an idea that our innovative concept can also be implementable. 5.REFERENCE" [ ]E P%0( F !! -( 2I/*.% %3$*31%/%3' <2) '$% V(,A*00= I/&*()%# G S(/A0*'(23, *3# EH&%)(/%3'*0 R%,A0',I, !n*estigati*e [8]E P%0( F !!;-( JH%*#-/2A3'%# #(,&0*= *, * 02? @(,(23 *(#I, %npublished manuscript.

They

are

able

to

achieve

classification accuracy of up to 46.;D by area in a processing time of &ust 7;;ms. ;. CONCLUSION" Thus the co$p#tin, .o%"d has a lot to gain from neural networ s..N%A)*0 N%'?2)+, also contribute to other areas of research such as 3%A)202.= E &,=1$202.=.They are regularly used to /2#%0 &*)', 2< 0(@(3. 2).*3(,/, & to investigate the (3'%)3*0 /%1$*3(,/, of the >)*(3. Thus our paper proves that how A)'(<(1(*0 N%A)*0 N%'?2)+ C0*,,(<(%r plays a very important role in ma ing the VI/UALL0 IMPAIRED PEOPLE to recogni#e the <eal time ob&ects in a road by ,dge detection(4eature ,xtraction and many all more this concepts(where in a we are including our innovative concept of adding techniques HEAD MOUNTED DEVICE i.e. HELMET which avoids the roadside ACCIDENTS even during )/0ST "'0)$T,. 1It2! o#% *%ain on o#% pape%(3