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Explore the Interactive Figure to help you with the following set of questions. If you need more help, click on "How To Use" for more information. Instructions: Click the Start button, and observe what happens. To return to the starting point, click Reset at any time.
Part A
What happens when you heat ice that is at -40 C?
Correct
Part B
What happens when you heat ice that is at 176 C?
Correct
Part C
What happens when you heat water that is at 0 C?
Correct
Part D
What happens when you heat water that is at 100 C?
When you heat water that is at 100 C, its boiling point, all of the energy you supply is used to boil the water. What would then happen to the temperature of the water? ANSWER: The temperature increases forever. The temperature stays constant until all the water is boiled. The temperature stays constant forever. The temperature increases until all of the water is boiled.
Correct
Part A
A 5-kg mass is attached to a spring and is oscillating with a period of 2 seconds and an amplitude of 5 cm. If the amplitude is made to be 10 cm, the period of oscillation will be _____.
Correct
The period of oscillation does not depend on the amplitude (it depends only on the mass and the springs stiffness).
Part B
Two blocks, one with a mass of 10 kg and another with a mass of 5 kg, are hanging on identical springs. If both blocks are displaced and released, which one will oscillate with a higher frequency?
Correct
The spring is able to accelerate the 5-kg block more quickly than the 10-kg block, which causes the frequency of oscillation to be higher (and the corresponding period of oscillation to be lower).
Part C
Which of the two waves shown in the figure has the longer wavelength?
Correct
Wave 2 has a higher amplitude, but both have the same wavelength.
Part D
Two waves with the same wavelength are moving to the right. Wave 1 is moving faster than wave 2. Which wave has a higher frequency?
Correct
The frequency is equal to the speed of the wave divided by the wavelength.
Part E
You are floating in the ocean, and waves with a wavelength of 12 meters are causing you to bob up and down. If the waves are moving with a speed of 4 m/s, what is your frequency of oscillation?
ANSWER: 3 seconds 4 cycles per second 0.33 cycles per second 0.25 cycles per second
Correct
The frequency is equal to the speed of the wave divided by the wavelength, or 4/12 Hz = 1/3 Hz.
Part F
An astronomer notices that radiation emitted by a star is slightly redshifted (the wavelength is longer). This means that the star _________.
Correct
The Doppler shift causes light from objects moving away from us to be redshifted.
Part G
Suppose you are speeding through an intersection at 100 km/h and notice a policeman trying to measure your speed using his Doppler gun, as shown in the figure. Because of the Doppler effect, the policeman will measure a speed of __________.
Correct
Since the velocity of the car is perpendicular to the direction from the car to the policeman, there is no Doppler shift.
Part H
Red light has a longer wavelength than blue light. Which type of light has a higher frequency? (The speed of light is independent of wavelength.)
Correct
Since frequency equals speed divided by wavelength, the smallest wavelengths have the highest frequencies.
Part A
When the bug is stationary and creating waves, how does the frequency of the wave some distance away from the bug compare with the frequency of the vibration of the bug? ANSWER:
The frequency of the wave some distance away is less than the frequency of the vibration of the bug. The frequency of the wave some distance away is greater than the frequency of the vibration of the bug. The frequency of the wave some distance away is equal to the frequency of the vibration of the bug.
Correct
Part B
When the bug that is creating waves swims in the direction of the waves, how does the speed of the wave some distance away in front of the bug compare with the speed of the wave created by a stationary bug?
Correct
Part C
When the bug that is creating waves swims forward, how does the frequency of the wave some distance away in front of the bug compare with the frequency of the wave produced by a stationary bug?
The frequency of the wave some distance away in front of the bug is greater than the frequency produced by a stationary bug. The frequency of the wave some distance away in front of the bug is equal to the frequency produced by a stationary bug. The frequency of the wave some distance away in front of the bug is less than the frequency produced by a stationary bug.
Correct
Part D
When the bug that is creating waves swims forward, how does the frequency of the wave some distance away behind the bug compare with the frequency produced by a stationary bug ANSWER:
The frequency of the wave some distance away behind the bug is less than the frequency of the wave produced by a stationary bug. The frequency of the wave some distance away behind the bug is equal to the frequency of the wave produced by a stationary bug. The frequency of the wave some distance away behind the bug is greater than the frequency of the wave produced by a stationary bug.
Correct